Road Safety in Urban areas: Challenges and Strategies. Hubert Trève (CERTU) Washington September

Transcription

1 Road Safety in Urban areas: Challenges and Strategies Hubert Trève (CERTU) Washington September

2 Road safety in France accidents with injuries deaths within 30 days injured hospitalised cost : 119 milliards euros 50 % for urban accidents 2

3 A2 out of 3 accidents occur in urban areas Killed Accidents Urban areas 31% 68% Rural areas 69% 32% 3

4 Accident severity / city size death/100 accidents Accidents gravité severity < à à > City catégories SIZE ( d'agglomérations number inhabitant) 4

5 Accidents/ road category 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 00% 50 % 10 % % % de km voies % d'accidents Main roads voies principales Road category catégories de voies Local autres roads voies 5

6 Deaths by user s category in urban accidents CATEGORY pedestrian Bicycles mopets motorcycles cars trucks buses-tc Death number 368 (25%) 81 (6%) 159 (11%) 307 (21%) 507 (35%) 8 (0.5%) 0 Onisr

7 Pedestrians and two-wheeled vehicles are the most sensitive users 2 killed on 3 are vulnerables users 33 % 25% 5% agglomération rase campagne 4% 24% 18% 37% 78% 39% VL + autres 2roues 7 piétons

8 Fatal accidents annual decrease : a recent positive evolution 2005 Period ,9% Decrease 2,3 % 6,2 % 20,9 % 8,7 % Tués - ensemble du réseau - janvier juillet 2004 Valeurs (annualisées) : c.v.s. et tendance structurelle sans rupture de tendance Vps5.tif c.v.s tendance structurelle borne inférieure (95%) 4000 borne supérieure (95%) 3500 Données France ONISR janv-99 mars-99 mai-99 juil-99 sept-99 nov-99 janv-00 mars-00 mai-00 juil-00 sept-00 nov-00 janv-01 mars-01 mai-01 juil-01 sept-01 nov-01 janv-02 m ars-02 mai-02 juil-02 sept-02 nov-02 janv-03 mars-03 m ai-03 juil-03 sept-03 nov-03 janv-04 m ars-04 mai-04 juil-04

9 The street and its uses An object for differents users (bus, cars, bikes, pedestrians) with various uses (traffic, delivery, parking ) An element of the city with strong links to the other town components : housing, trading,services, economic acivities, leisures 9

10 Various uses of urban streets 10

11 Others problems with the «city for cars» Urban spreading Enclosing Trading urbanism in suburbs 11

12 The reality of accidents Shock at 20 km/h, 1 injuried (Inrets) 12

13 Link between speed and probability of fatal injury for a pedestrian 70 km/h 100 % 50 km/h 80% 30 km/h 15 % 13

14 Safety, a priority for the Urban Transport System A priority for all types of users, not only motorists: ex: increasing walking and cycling will be hard if it is dangerous Complementaries with environnement obligations (noise, pollution) High safety level needed for public transport The cost of accidents is too high 14

15 A coherent set of actions to improve safety A plan for a city with integrated responses A medium to long-term thinking Using proven solutions. Most of them are well known; the difficulty is to apply them at a large scale 15

16 The keys for ensuring a safer city A strong politicial will, with ambitious targets A pilot, ie the urban transport authority High level technicians using efficient tools A well informed and active population 16

17 How to implement safety : two main stages 1. Knowing and understanding safety problems *Accidents data collection, analysis, diagnosis 2. Setting up technical mesures, according the diagnosis results and experiences 17

18 Knowing local safety problems: statistical analysis of accidents (figures, maps ) LES IMPLIQUES (suite) - Répartition des victimes par catégories d'usagers et par classes d'âges ans 14-17ans ans ans >=60 ans Total Tués 2 2 Piétons BG BL Tués Bicyclettes BG BL Tués Cyclomoteurs BG BL Tués Motos BG BL Tués 1 1 VL BG 3 3 BL Spatial analysis 15% 4% 2% 1% 4% 4% 2% 3% 23% 58% 54% 39% 63% 29% 1600 Classes d'âges >=60 Série chronologique annuelle tous accidents Série brute accidents Courbe de tendance Valeurs inf de l'intervalle de confiance à 90% Valeurs sup de l'intervalle de confiance à 90 % 18

19 Setting up the right technical measures Speed management road hierarchy pedestrians cyclists city entrances major roads 30 km/h Zones the disabled school parking enforcement training, information safety audit urbanism, mobility delivery 19

20 Road hierarchy and functions: 2 main levels Main roads (10 to 20 %): separate uses of the space for each category Residential streets (80% of network) : mixed uses 20

21 Example of road hierarchy Lille ( inhab.) Speed limits 2200 km in 30 km/h zones 21

22 Improvements on main roads 10 % of the streets with 50 % of accidents and killed Solutions: 1. Insure a good traffic flow: Depend on junction 2. Speed management Space organisation Enforcement Need of a strict organisation of space with possible change in priorities 22

23 Main roads at CHAMBERY ( inha.) before veh / j after Before: 21 acci / 31 BG After: 2 acci / 0 BG 23

24 Residential streets: safety and quality of life A fair solution: the 30 km/h zones 24

25 PARIS : green areas (30 kmh areas) before after 25

26 Pedestrians: 3 main principles Provide comfortable sidewalks Think of the right place for pedestrian crossing Limit the crossing lenght 26

27 Pedestrian and disabled people Parking facilities Visibility for everybody 27

28 Safety on the way to school Pédibus (walking bus) 28

29 Safe cyclist network Chambery 29

30 Improvement for cycling comfort in Lorient (60,000 inhab.) before after 30

31 Speed management For compatibility between all users A priority to vulnerable users 31

32 Engineering measures for speed humps cushion speed table chicane 32

33 Enforcement Speed cameras 33

34 A new appproach: Road safety audit (CSPR) 34

35 Safer cities: a reality Chambéry: 453 acci in1979, and only 52 in 2000 Improving the safety of mobility in the city is possible accidents injuried ROAD SAFETY AN ENTIRE DIMENSION OF THE URBAN MOBILITY PLAN Gloucester (UK) 48% less sever injuries in 5 years Hubert Trève (CERTU) Lyon 3- master 8 nov

36 Conclusions Safety generates great expectations from citizens, especially those most vulnerable The Urban Mobility Plan can provide an appropriate framework to these expectations. The role of local authorities is essential for guiding and implementing actions, with the aim of reconciling mobility with safety. 36

37 Safety in villages The same concepts can be applied With a major attention to the main road which crosses the village 37

38 A large experiment in the 80 s Safer cities: a success before before after after after 38

39 Research and activities on Road Safety and Transport Regional meetings with local authorities on «Safety in urban and rural areas» French programm PREDIT with stress on urban safety, involving INRETS, University, Transport, Education and Health ministries Researches on urbanism, mobility and safety management, by INRETS Europan projects ( DUMAS, Prompt, e.safety, in safety, COST) OCDE, PIARC safety group, international coperation (UK, NL, Sw, B) 39

40 Thank you for your attention 40