Road Safety Management for Pedestrians and Bicyclists

Transcription

1 Caltrans Transportation Planning Speaker Series September 28, 2015 Bike and Pedestrian Issues in Transportation Planning: Road Safety Management for Pedestrians and Bicyclists Offer Grembek Co-Director, UC Berkeley, SafeTREC

2 The Traffic Safety Problem in CA Facts and Figures Over 34,000 traffic fatali8es in the past 10 years Figures 3,000 fatali8es 33% * Source: Fatality Analysis Repor8ng System (FARS), NHTSA * Source: Fatality Analysis Repor8ng System (FARS), NHTSA

3 The Traffic Safety Problem in CA Facts and Figures Over 34,000 traffic fatali8es in the past 10 years. Since 2010 (end of recession) there is a 10% increase in fatali8es 2013 Figures 3,000 fatali8es 33% 10% * Source: Fatality Analysis Repor8ng System (FARS), NHTSA * Source: Fatality Analysis Repor8ng System (FARS), NHTSA

4 Passenger Vehicle Fatali8es Facts and Figures Over 21,000 passenger vehicle fatali8es in the past 10 years Figures 1,611 fatali8es 10% * Source: Fatality Analysis Repor8ng System (FARS), NHTSA

5 Passenger Vehicle Fatali8es Facts and Figures Over 21,000 passenger vehicle fatali8es in the past 10 years. Since 2010 (end of recession) there is a 1% increase in passenger vehicle fatali8es 2013 Figures 1,611 fatali8es 10% 1% * Source: Fatality Analysis Repor8ng System (FARS), NHTSA

6 Pedestrian Fatali8es Increased Facts and Figures Over 6,500 pedestrian fatali8es in the past 10 years Figures 701 fatali8es 10% 1% * Source: Fatality Analysis Repor8ng System (FARS), NHTSA

7 Pedestrian Fatali8es Increased Facts and Figures Over 6,500 pedestrian fatali8es in the past 10 years. Since 2010 (end of recession) there is a 17% increase in pedestrian fatali8es 2013 Figures 701 fatali8es 10% 1% 17% * Source: Fatality Analysis Repor8ng System (FARS), NHTSA

8 Bicycle Fatali8es Increased Facts and Figures Over 1,100 pedestrian fatali8es in the past 10 years Figures 141 fatali8es 10% 1% 17% * Source: Fatality Analysis Repor8ng System (FARS), NHTSA

9 Bicycle Fatali8es Increased Facts and Figures Over 1,100 pedestrian fatali8es in the past 10 years. Since 2010 (end of recession) there is a 41% increase in bicycle fatali8es 2013 Figures 141 fatali8es 10% 1% 17% 41% * Source: Fatality Analysis Repor8ng System (FARS), NHTSA

10 P/B Fatali8es are Increasing While passenger vehicles fatali8es remained the same, pedestrian and bicycle fatali8es have increased significantly over the past four years. 10% 1% 17% 41% * Source: Fatality Analysis Repor8ng System (FARS), NHTSA

11 Rela8ve Vulnerability in Traffic

12 The Vulnerability Matrix Table from Grembek (2010) * SWITRS , Injury crashes of two par8es or less.

13 The Vulnerability Matrix Table from Grembek (2010) * SWITRS , Injury crashes of two par8es or less.

14 The Vulnerability Matrix Table from Grembek (2010) * SWITRS , Injury crashes of two par8es or less.

15 The Vulnerability Matrix Table from Grembek (2010) * SWITRS , Injury crashes of two par8es or less.

16 The Vulnerability Matrix Table from Grembek (2010) * SWITRS , Injury crashes of two par8es or less.

17 The Vulnerability Matrix Table from Grembek (2010) * SWITRS , Injury crashes of two par8es or less.

18 The Vulnerability of Pedestrians Table from Grembek (2010) * SWITRS , Injury crashes of two par8es or less. 40,202 1,088 = Rela8ve vulnerability of pedestrians in the CA network In other words: pedestrians suffer mes more injuries than they inflict.

19 The Vulnerability of Bicyclists Table from Grembek (2010) * SWITRS , Injury crashes of two par8es or less. 37,821 2,542 = Rela8ve vulnerability of bicyclists in the CA network In other words: pedestrians suffer mes more injuries than they inflict.

20 P/B are the Most Vulnerable Tables from Grembek (2010)

21 Safety is Obtained by Buffers Passenger Vehicles Environment Industry Road User

22 Safety is Obtained by Buffers Passenger Vehicles Environment Industry Road User Pedestrians and Bikes Environment Industry Road User

23 Limited P/B Industry Safety Buffer Passenger Vehicles Environment Industry Road User Pedestrians and Bikes Environment Industry Road User

24 Principles of Road Safety Management A set of goals and ac.vi.es to improve P/B safety 1 2 Infrastructure data Volume data Data EvaluaBon Hazard Assessment Countermeasure SelecBon Economic Appraisal Funding Sources InsBtuBonalizaBon

25 Principles of Road Safety Management A set of goals and ac.vi.es to improve P/B safety 1 2 Infrastructure data Volume data Data EvaluaBon Hazard Assessment Countermeasure SelecBon Economic Appraisal Funding Sources InsBtuBonalizaBon

26 Principles of Road Safety Management A set of goals and ac.vi.es to improve P/B safety 1 2 Infrastructure data Volume data Data EvaluaBon Hazard Assessment Countermeasure SelecBon Economic Appraisal Funding Sources InsBtuBonalizaBon

27 Principles of Road Safety Management A set of goals and ac.vi.es to improve P/B safety 1 2 Infrastructure data Volume data Data EvaluaBon Hazard Assessment Countermeasure SelecBon Economic Appraisal Funding Sources InsBtuBonalizaBon

28 Principles of Road Safety Management A set of goals and ac.vi.es to improve P/B safety 1 2 Infrastructure data Volume data Data EvaluaBon Hazard Assessment Countermeasure SelecBon Economic Appraisal Funding Sources InsBtuBonalizaBon

29 Principles of Road Safety Management A set of goals and ac.vi.es to improve P/B safety 1 2 Infrastructure data Volume data Data EvaluaBon Hazard Assessment Countermeasure SelecBon Economic Appraisal Funding Sources InsBtuBonalizaBon

30 Principles of Road Safety Management A set of goals and ac.vi.es to improve P/B safety 1 2 Infrastructure data Volume data Data EvaluaBon Hazard Assessment Countermeasure SelecBon Economic Appraisal Funding Sources InsBtuBonalizaBon

31 Principles of Road Safety Management A set of goals and ac.vi.es to improve P/B safety 1 2 Infrastructure data Volume data Data EvaluaBon Hazard Assessment Countermeasure SelecBon Economic Appraisal Funding Sources InsBtuBonalizaBon

32 Principles of Road Safety Management A set of goals and ac.vi.es to improve P/B safety 1 2 Infrastructure data Volume data Data EvaluaBon Hazard Assessment Countermeasure SelecBon Economic Appraisal Funding Sources InsBtuBonalizaBon

33 Principles of Road Safety Management A set of goals and ac.vi.es to improve P/B safety 1 2 Infrastructure data Volume data Data EvaluaBon Hazard Assessment Countermeasure SelecBon Economic Appraisal Funding Sources InsBtuBonalizaBon

34 Principles of Road Safety Management A set of goals and ac.vi.es to improve P/B safety 1 2 Infrastructure data Volume data Data EvaluaBon Hazard Assessment Countermeasure SelecBon Economic Appraisal Funding Sources InsBtuBonalizaBon

35 Facility decomposi8on

36 Elements and core facili8es Buffer Sidewalk Approach Median Intersection Crosswalk Approach Buffer Sidewalk

37 Define an approach N1 A1 A2 N2

38 Formal Infrastructure Database

39 Labeling nodes and approaches

40 Computer data collec8on

41 Principles of Road Safety Management A set of goals and ac.vi.es to improve P/B safety 1 2 Infrastructure data Volume data Data EvaluaBon Hazard Assessment Countermeasure SelecBon Economic Appraisal Funding Sources InsBtuBonalizaBon

42 Pedestrian Crashes Absolute Number of Crashes 42

43 Pedestrian Crashes Absolute Number of Crashes 43

44 Pedestrian Crash Risk Crash Risk: (Crashes / Exposure) 44

45 Pedestrian Crash Risk Crash Risk: (Crashes / Counts) 45

46 NCHRP 7-19 Equipment Evalua8on Project Purpose Address lack of pedestrian and bicycle volume data Assess data collec8on technologies and methods Develop guidance for prac88oners NCHRP Report 797 Guidebook on Pedestrian and Bicycle Volume Data Collec8on 46

47 Pedestrian Crash Risk Es8mate exposure at loca8ons without counts Es8mate Risk 47

48 Principles of Road Safety Management A set of goals and ac.vi.es to improve P/B safety 1 2 Infrastructure data Volume data Data EvaluaBon Hazard Assessment Countermeasure SelecBon Economic Appraisal Funding Sources InsBtuBonalizaBon

49 Hazard Assessment Hotspot Approach Hotspots or High Collision Concentra8on Loca8ons (HCCL) are road segments with a higher than expected number of crashes, compared to prior experience or a user- defined threshold. Systemic Approach Systemic approach iden8fies a set of loca8ons where countermeasures may be installed systemically where roadway facili8es share the same unsafe features that are associated with par8cular crash types.

50 Systemic Approach vs. Spot Approach Benefits Complement the hotspot approach Reduced data needs Widespread effect Crash type preven8on Cost- effec8veness Drawbacks Jus8fying blanket improvements can be difficult

51 The Hotspot Approach Individual Crash Locations Road network Postmile

52 The Hotspot Approach Fixed window length (w): 0.2 miles Minimum number of crashes (n cric ): 2 Number of hotspots identified: 3 Total number of crashes covered: 8 # crashes > n cric First candidate hotspot Move location to the next candidate hotspot location (using the first crash (use as a the start next point) available crash as a start point) Postmile

53 The Systemic Approach FHWA s Systemic Approach Program.

54 The Systemic Approach FHWA s Systemic Approach Program.

55 Modified Systemic Approach Location type is based on features of the site e.g., Intersection; ADT<10,000; Speed<= 45 mph;traffic Signal Not present Crash type is based on features of the crash e.g., Turning vehicle

56 Incorpora8ng Crash data

57 Incorpora8ng Crash data Number of sites Systemic hotspot

58 Iden8fying the Countermeasures

59 Iden8fying the Countermeasures

60 Co- benefits for Countermeasures 5 5 5

61 Co- benefits for Countermeasures

62 Principles of Road Safety Management A set of goals and ac.vi.es to improve P/B safety 1 2 Infrastructure data Volume data Data EvaluaBon Hazard Assessment Countermeasure SelecBon Economic Appraisal Funding Sources InsBtuBonalizaBon

63 Road Safety Management System FUNDING VOLUME AND INFRASTRUCTURE DATA ECONOMIC APPRAISAL COUNTERMEASURES systemic hotspot HAZARD ASSESSMENT CRASH DATA INSTITUTIONALIZATION Legend Program core Inputs Outputs Evaluation Support

64 Summary Why Pedestrians and Bicyclists? Principles of Road Safety Management Hazard Assessment Strategies Hotspot Systemic Successful Road Safety Management System