UNIVERSIDADES PÚBLICAS DE LA COMUNIDAD DE MADRID PRUEBA DE ACCESO A ESTUDIOS UNIVERSITARIOS (LOGSE) Curso SEPTIEMBRE

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1 UNIVERSIDADES PÚBLICAS DE LA COMUNIDAD DE MADRID PRUEBA DE ACCESO A ESTUDIOS UNIVERSITARIOS (LOGSE) Curso SEPTIEMBRE MATERIA: INGLÉS OPCIÓN A INSTRUCCIONES GENERALES Y VALORACIÓN Después de leer atentamente los textos y las cuestiones siguientes, el alumno deberá escoger una de las dos opciones propuestas y responder en INGLËS a las cuestiones de la opción elegida. CALIFICACIÓN: Las cuestiones 1ª, 2ª y 4ª se valorarán sobre 2 puntos cada una, la pregunta 3ª sobre 1 punto y la pregunta 5ª sobre 3 puntos. TIEMPO: 90 minutos. Go on Two Wheels Beat the Tube strike, get a bike! During the 48-hour shutdown of London Underground in February 2014, thousands did just that and took to two wheels. During the General Strike of 1926, the middle-class volunteers who drove trains were strike breakers. Similarly, these twowheeled commuters were trying to beat the Tube strike. With every turn of a bicycle wheel, human freedom is advanced. Cyclists do not have to face timetables; through their own sweat, they make their way in the world, free from following rigid lines of steel and electricity. The bike is individualism in action. The bicycle is a reminder of the freedoms people enjoyed in the lost Victorian days. You pay no taxes or duties; you need no licence, permit or certificate of proficiency - you just get on your bike. And any cyclist with road sense will have a relaxed attitude towards highways regulations. It is absurd to give dog-like obedience to a red light when your eyes and ears tell you it is safe to go. The bike has always pedalled individual freedom forward. The Lady Cyclists Association, founded in 1892, knew that it not only gave women an escape from home and husband, but also a reason to throw off constricting dresses. Many lady cyclists, for practical reasons, made cause with the Rational Dress Society who opposed the introduction of any fashion in dress that either deforms the figure or impedes the movement of the body. The car is no longer a symbol of freedom, so if you want to feel free, go on two wheels. Autor: Javier Guijarro Dávila 1

2 QUESTIONS 1.- Are the following statements TRUE or FALSE? Copy the evidence from the text. No marks are given for only TRUE or FALSE. a) According to the text, traffic lights are essential for the safety of cyclists. FALSE. It is absurd to give dog-like obedience to a red light when your eyes and ears tell you it is safe to go. b) Nowadays, driving gives you more liberty than cycling. FALSE. The car is no longer a symbol of freedom, so if you want to feel free, go on two wheels. 2.- In your own words and based on the ideas in the text, answer the following questions. Do not copy from the text. a) Explain how Londoners reacted to the transport strike in 1926 and in They reacted to both strikes exactly the same way, taking their bicycles to the streets to get around. b) How did cycling affect women in the past? It helped them to get rid off the rigid dresses they used to wear, because it could lead to a misshaped figure of them and difficult of movements when cycling. 3.- Find the words in the text that mean: a) exactly (paragraph 1). Similarly. b) schedules (paragraph 2). Timetables. c) created (paragraph 4). Founded. d) get rid of (paragraph 4). Throw off. (Puntuación máxima: 1 punto) 4.- Complete the following sentences. Use the appropriate form of the word in brackets when given. a) I remember biking (bike) with my friends when I was a teenager in the village where I was born. b) The Lady's Association to protect women s health was founded (found) by Victorian women, who were much more advanced than you can imagine. c) Cyclists must wear a helmet. This statement appears in UK parks where it is compulsory to do (do) so. d) Complete the following sentence to report what was said. Why don t we go for a walk tomorrow if the weather is fine? John suggested why they didn t go for a walk the following day if the weather was fine. 5.- Write about 100 to 150 words on the following topic. What are the advantages and disadvantages of cycling in big cities? (Puntuación máxima: 3 puntos) Cycling is considered such an efficient method of transportation, and it is one of the best choices if you have to cover short or medium distances in big cities. Bicycles have advantages compared to motor vehicles: no emissions, easier parking, no traffic congestion and the physical exercise involved in cycling, just to name a few. On the other hand, they also have some disadvantages: almost no protection on crashes, it s hard fitting them into Autor: Javier Guijarro Dávila 2

3 the traffic a big city so they can circulate properly, they sometimes slow down traffic, vulnerability to weather conditions, difficulty in transporting passengers All these facts lead on different demands to public authorities depending on who you are (pedestrian, driver or cyclist), each one wants a regulation that fits its needs, and it is here where the key point is, we must go towards a traffic model that provides a solution to the sustainable transport issue, that encourages low emission vehicles circulation and provides a frame in which we all can move efficiently and quickly. Autor: Javier Guijarro Dávila 3

4 OPCIÓN B Use or Abuse of Technology People in Britain now spend more time watching TV, gaming, and using their mobile phones and computers than they do sleeping. Research by a British communications agency found that the average UK adult uses technology for eight hours and 41 minutes a day, 20 minutes longer than they spend sleeping. One of the biggest reasons for this is Wi-Fi. People can get online almost anywhere, so they spend more time online. Nowadays, it is very common that people make telephone calls or surf the web while watching television. The study, which examined the use of technology by different age groups, also found that sixyear-olds understand how to use gadgets such as tablets and mobile phones at the same level as 45-year-olds. Another finding was that people understand digital technology better when they are 14 or 15. According to Dr. Arthur Cassidy, a social media psychologist, technology is changing the way people communicate with each other. He warned that we are becoming more and more antisocial and we are moving away from face-to face conversations because of technology. He added that people are now saturated with digital technology and are becoming psychologically dependent on their smart phones. Dr. Cassidy linked the increasing cases of Internet and social media addiction among youngsters with problems in mental and physical development. Perhaps we should think of recreational screen time as a form of consumption in the same way that we think of sugar, hours of sun,... measured in units of hours per day. Autor: Javier Guijarro Dávila 4

5 QUESTIONS 1.- Are the following statements TRUE or FALSE? Copy the evidence from the text. No marks are given for only TRUE or FALSE. a) An expert said that we are having more in-person conversations now than we used to in the past. FALSE. We are becoming more and more anti-social and we are moving away from face-to face conversations because of technology. b) Dr Cassidy believes that the overuse of technology by young people only damages their brain. TRUE. Dr. Cassidy linked the increasing cases of Internet and social media addiction among youngsters with problems in mental and physical development. 2.- In your own words and based on the ideas in the text, answer the following questions. Do not copy from the text. a) Why do British people make more use of technology nowadays? Technology environment growth in our lives has led to a bigger use of electronic devices, this can be clearly seen on such a simple thing as Wi-Fi, Wi-Fi has led to a greater use of technology in our society, it has helped to create an almost limitless connection society, which is directly linked to more usage of electronic devices. b) What are the research findings regarding children and teenagers? Studies have founded that an excessive use of technology by children and teenegers means overtime a greater risk of mental and physical problems. 3.- Find the words in the text that mean: a) nearly (paragraph 1). Almost. b) discovery (paragraph 2). Finding. c) due to (paragraph 3). Because of. d) associated (paragraph 4). Linked. (Puntuación máxima: 1 punto) 4.- Complete the following sentences. Use the appropriate form of the word in brackets when given. a) She uses her computer, which is in her living room, to keep in touch with her family. b) People wouldn t communicate (not communicate) so easily if the Internet didn t exist (not exist). c) After getting (get) home, she found out that her son had used (use) the PlayStation while she was out. d) Complete the following sentence to report what was said. They shouldn t have sent the report off for printing yet. The report shouldn t have been sent off for printing yet. Autor: Javier Guijarro Dávila 5

6 5.- Write about 100 to 150 words on the following topic. What differences do you find between the use of technology by teenagers and by adults? (Puntuación máxima: 3 puntos) Technology has got in our society in a way we could have never imagined. Due to this fact, it is not anymore a tool exclusive for some sectors, but almost a need for everyone in a certain way. Given this, it is a field so important for a huge range of ages nowadays, it has been implemented, embraced by so many people, if we had to stablish two different sectors based on their ages, we would have to divide the use of technology between young people (teenagers) and old people (adults). Teenagers use technology for everything, they live infatuated with their phones, ipods and computers, they do really depend on technology, otherwise they feel isolated, technology has created a serious need on them of being 24/7 connected to the web. On the other hand, most adults use it only as a tool, to fulfil tasks on their jobs, taking it as a mere communication device They don t seem to have the seem dependence on it as teenagers do. All in all, technology has many uses, it is not only a tool, it can be used also for fun, to keep in touch with others and many more; as a society we have to get to a certain point in which it doesn t create addiction in people (mainly in teenagers) and we don t give it more importance than it has. Autor: Javier Guijarro Dávila 6