Hawkes Bay Region State Highways Road Safety Report 2005 to 2009

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1 Hawkes Bay Region State Highways Road Safety Report 25 to 29 Performance Information NZ Transport Agency PO Box 74 Dunvegan House 215 Hastings St NAPIER 414 Ph. (6) Fax. (6) Web: June 21

2 Blank pagecontents Page Introduction and general information 1 Crash rates and costs (Figures 1.1 to 1.11) 5 Crash counts (Figures 2.1 to 2.14) 17 Road user statistics (Figures 3.1 to 3.28) 25 Crash type statistics (Figures 4.1 to 4.6) 41 Crash factor statistics (Figures 5.1 to 5.14) 47 Environmental statistics (Figures 6.1 to 6.14) 57 Date and time statistics (Figures 7.1 to 7.3) 67 Crash location statistics (Figures 9.3, 9.5) 73 Appendices Grouping of crash types Groupings of contributing factors

3 List of figures Crash rates and costs page 5 Fig. 1.1 Reporting rate serious injuries to hospital admissions Fig. 1.2 Crashes per 1 million vehicle kilometres travelled Fig. 1.3 Casualties per 1 million vehicle kilometres travelled Fig. 1.4 Regional crash and casualty rates Fig. 1.4a Peer group crash and casualty rates Group Y Fig Crashes per 1 million vehicle kilometres travelled on: Urban council roads Group Y Rural council roads Group Y Urban state highways Group Y Rural state highways Group Y Fig. 1.9 Crashes per 1, people (2 to 29) Fig. 1.1 Casualties per 1, people (2 to 29) Fig Social cost of crashes in Hawkes Bay Region State Highways in 29 Crash counts page 17 Fig. 2.1 Crash numbers and severity (25 to 29) whole district Fig. 2.2, 2.3 Crash numbers and severity (25 to 29) urban/rural Fig. 2.4 Casualty numbers and severity (25 to 29) whole district Fig. 2.5, 2.6 Casualty numbers and severity (25 to 29) urban/rural Fig. 2.7 Number of injury crashes (2 to 29) all roads Fig. 2.8 Number of casualties (2 to 29) all roads Fig. 2.9 Number of injury crashes (2 to 29) urban Fig. 2.1 Number of casualties (2 to 29) urban Fig Number of injury crashes (2 to 29) rural Fig Number of casualties (2 to 29) rural Fig. 2.13, 2.14 Severity ratio (2 to 29) urban/rural Road user statistics page 25 Fig. 3.1, 3.2 Road user casualties (25 to 29) urban/rural Fig. 3.3, 3.4 Male/female casualties (2 to 29) Fig. 3.5 Male casualties by age (25 to 29) Fig. 3.6 Female casualties by age (25 to 29) Fig. 3.7, 3.8 Car/van driver casualties (2 to 29) Fig. 3.9, 3.1 Car/van passenger casualties (2 to 29) Fig. 3.11, 3.12 Heavy vehicle casualties (2 to 29) Fig. 3.13, 3.14 Motorcyclist casualties (2 to 29) Fig. 3.15, 3.16 Pedestrian casualties (2 to 29) Fig. 3.17, 3.18 Cyclist casualties (2 to 29)

4 List of figures continued Road user statistics page 25 Fig Car/van driver casualty age (25 to 29) Fig. 3.2 Car/van passenger casualty age (25 to 29) Fig Heavy vehicle casualty age (25 to 29) Fig Motorcyclist casualty age (25 to 29) Fig Pedestrian casualty age (25 to 29) Fig Cyclist casualty age (25 to 29) Fig. 3.25, 3.26 Casualty ethnicity (25 to 29) Fig. 3.27, 3.28 Licence status (2 to 29) Crash type statistics page 41 Fig. 4.1, 4.2 Crash movement type (25 to 29) Fig. 4.3, 4.4 Crash movement type trends (2 to 29) Fig. 4.5 Failed to give way/stop urban (2 to 29) Fig. 4.6 Bend lost control/head on rural (2 to 29) Crash factor statistics page 47 Fig. 5.1, 5.2 Contributing factors (25 to 29) Fig Contributing factor trends urban (2 to 29) Fig. 5.7 Alcohol-involved trend urban (2 to 29) Fig. 5.8 Speed-involved trend urban (2 to 29) Fig Contributing factor trends rural (2 to 29) Fig Alcohol-involved trend rural (2 to 29) Fig Speed-involved trend rural (2 to 29) Environmental statistics page 57 Fig. 6.1, 6.2 Crashes not on state highways (2 to 29) Fig. 6.3, 6.4 Intersection crashes (2 to 29) Fig. 6.5, 6.6 Wet road crashes (2 to 29) Fig. 6.7, 6.8 Crashes in darkness (2 to 29) Fig. 6.9 Unsealed road crashes rural (2 to 29) Fig. 6.1 Icy road crashes rural (2 to 29) Fig. 6.11, 6.12 Collisions with objects (2 to 29) Fig. 6.13, 6.14 Objects struck (25 to 29) Date and time statistics page 67 Fig. 7.1 Time pattern over average week (25 to 29) Fig. 7.2 Day of week (25 to 29) Fig. 7.3 Month of year (25 to 29)

5 List of figures continued Crash location statistics page 73 Fig. 9.3 State Highway crash blackspot list for the Region (25 to 29) Fig. 9.5 State highway crash blackspots with a significant increase in crashes in 29

6 Hawkes Bay Region State Highways Road Safety Report Introduction and general information The NZ Transport Agency provides information on road safety to its stakeholders and the public. It also has responsibility for promoting safety and sustainability in land transport, among a variety of other functions. This road safety report is an example of information supplied by the NZ Transport Agency. This report helps identify road safety issues in Hawkes Bay Region State Highways area ( the region ) by presenting tables or graphs of: numbers and trends in reported crashes and casualties characteristics and types of crashes and casualties factors contributing to crashes locations with bad crash records characteristics of crashes on council authority roads The information is intended to assist road controlling authorities, the New Zealand Police and others in evaluating the safety performance of the road network in Hawkes Bay Region State Highways. Comparison with other cities, districts or regions elsewhere in the country is included. Researchers, students, and organisations with an interest in road safety will also find the information useful. Source of crash information This report uses data from the NZ Transport Agency s crash database. This database includes all crashes involving injury and non injury for which Police reports have been completed and forwarded to the NZ Transport Agency. Mostly five-year data (25 to 29) has been used, but 1-year data (2 to 29) has been used to analyse trends. Council authority peer groups Traffic crash patterns and features for an area can depend on the traffic and roading characteristics of that area. The most useful comparisons are made with other areas or authorities with similar characteristics, rather than with the whole country. The data is compared with a peer group of similar authorities (Group Y) along with data for all New Zealand. The peer group used for comparison with Hawkes Bay Region State Highways is Group Y which consists of provincial city and hinterland. (Population under 16 and/or rural crashes less than 5 percent). Council authorities included in this group are listed in Figure 1.4a, however this may not be the most appropriate comparison for the state highways and should be considered with caution. 1 Introduction and general information

7 Hawkes Bay Region State Highways Road Safety Report Definitions of urban and rural Data has been separated for urban and rural (open) roads through this report because each has a distinctly different pattern of crashes. In this report urban roads are defined as all those with a speed limit of 7 km/h or less, however it should be noted that some locations which have been speed limit zoned might be more appropriately defined as rural but are included in urban zones. Definition of statistically significant A number of graphs include a comparison between the road controlling authority, all New Zealand and a similar peer group. These graphs can include an indication as to whether the difference is statistically significant. For the purposes of this report statistically significant means that a difference of this size is unlikely to be due to chance. Significance is noted at the 5% level (P <.5), this means that the observed result would occur by chance in only 1 in 2 similar situations. Road user compliance data The Ministry of Transport collects information on road user compliance with traffic law. This information includes speed surveys, occupant restraint use surveys and cycle helmet use surveys. Information about these surveys is available on Ministry of Transport web site. The appropriate web addresses are as follows: Speed Surveys Safety belts Cycle helmets The information is also distributed quarterly in the Ministry of Transport publication Road safety progress. The Ministry of Transport also conducts public attitude surveys. These have been undertaken annually since They evaluate attitudes to road safety issues, primarily alcohol-impaired driving and speed. Surveys are carried out in May and June of each year by trained interviewers who conduct interviews with respondents in their homes. The sample is chosen to be representative of the New Zealand adult population, and includes men and women aged 15 and over from towns, cities and rural areas throughout New Zealand. 2 Introduction and general information

8 Hawkes Bay Region State Highways Road Safety Report The results of these surveys are available from: General explanatory notes 1. Crash and casualty information in this report generally includes data for both roads and state highways. 2. Crash and casualty rates are based on 29 populations estimates updated from the 26 census, traffic flows from the year 29, and the average of five year crash data (25 29). 3. Traffic flows are based on Road Asset Maintenance and Management (RAMM) data from December 29. As different road controlling authorities update flow data in RAMM at different times some data will be more up to date than other data, hence caution should be exercised when comparing traffic flow based crash rates in one authority with those of other authorities particularly as the traffic flow data (VKT) used in the calculations can not be considered definitive. Comparisons should be considered as indicative only. 4. With four to five categories of road for each council authority, some categories will only have short lengths of road. This may cause significant variation in the calculated crash and casualty rates. 5. The crash numbers include all those within the road controlling authority. The crash numbers used in the crash rate section can, however, vary slightly from the remainder of the document as only on road crashes can be used. These are crashes on roads that have traffic volume information recorded. Crashes that occurred in car parks, reserves, beaches etc. are excluded. 3 Introduction and general information

9 Hawkes Bay Region State Highways Road Safety Report The severity of a crash is determined as the most severely injured casualty in the crash. Injury severity is classified as fatal, serious, or minor as follows: Fatal: Serious: Minor: Injuries that result in death within 3 days of a crash. Fractures, concussion, internal injuries, crushing, severe cuts and lacerations, severe general shock necessitating medical treatment, and any injury involving removal to and detention in hospital. Injuries which are not serious but which require first aid, or cause discomfort or pain to the person injured, eg sprains and bruises. 7. Ethnicity of road users involved in crashes can now be recorded on traffic crash reports, although some reports may not include this data. Figures 3.25 and 3.26 shows the ethnicity of casualties, where known. Ethnicity is divided into five different groups. Only data for 25 to 29 is available. The graph includes all casualties irrespective of culpability. NOTE: Ethnicity data should be treated with caution as the data can be considered subjective and incomplete. 8. For the licence status grouping in Figures 3.27 and 3.28 the no/wrong licence group includes drivers who have never held a licence or have an expired or wrong class licence. This graph includes all drivers irrespective of injury or culpability. 9. See appendix for detailed descriptions of: crash movement types and crash movement groupings (for Figures ) grouping of factors contributing to crashes (for Figures ) 1. Blackspot sites listed in Figure 9.3 are listed by the total cost of crashes at the site and are listed regardless of any remedial treatments. Site were initially selected on the basis of 3 reported crashes and then the sites listed were limited to those with a higher number of injury crashes and over a defined social cost, which is indicated on each figure. 11. Alarm crash sites listed in Figure 9.5 are crash sites that have shown a statistically significant increase (at the 95 percent level of confidence) in reported crashes in 29 compared with the previous five years (24 to 28). The sites are initially selected on the basis of 3 or more reported crashes at the sites. Sites are listed regardless of any recent remedial treatments and they may already be under investigation for treatment. 4 Introduction and general information

10 Hawkes Bay Region State Highways Road Safety Report Introduction and general information

11 Crash Rates and Costs 6 Crash Rates and Costs

12 7 Crash Rates and Costs

13 Crash reporting rates The ratio of reported serious injuries can be assessed by comparing seriously injured casualty numbers from Police crash reports to hospital admissions, given that a serious injury is generally one requiring hospital attention. Figure 1.1 below indicates the serious injury reporting rate for each region. Figure 1.1 Reporting rate serious injuries to hospital admissions Region Northland Auckland Waikato Bay of Plenty Gisborne Hawkes Bay Taranaki Manawatu-Wanganui Wellington Nelson-Marlborough West Coast Canterbury Otago Southland New Zealand 3 28% 34% 38% 27% 17% 2 16% 18% 18% 4 38% 5 47% 4 32% 37% 38% 29% 27% 32% 26% 31% 28% 27% 8 75% 59% 68% 42% 55% 65% 79% 41% 36% 38% 34% 35% 36% 31% 68% 61% 74% 55% 48% 44% 52% 54% 5 39% 53% 55% 59% 53% 54% 47% 42% 49% 45% 43% 99% 85% 77% 69% 39% 78% 13% 73% 53% 39% 36% 35% 37% 35% 33% This is the ratio of the number of persons with serious injuries in reported crashes divided by the number of persons admitted to hospital with serious injuries. These variations in reporting rates need to be considered when viewing the trends in crashes and casualties shown in this report. Note: These values should be considered indicative only. 8 Crash Rates and Costs

14 Figure 1.2 Crashes per 1 million vehicle kilometres travelled Council roads State Highways Urban Rural Urban Rural Hawkes Bay Region S.H Group Y All NZ Figure 1.3 Casualties per 1 million vehicle kilometres travelled Council roads State Highways Urban Rural Urban Rural Hawkes Bay Region S.H Group Y All NZ Crash Rates and Costs

15 Figure 1.4 Peer group crash and casualty rates Regions 1, Population (5 year average) Crashes per Casualties per 1 million vehicle kilometres travelled Council roads Urban Rural State Highways Urban Rural Region name Auckland Bay of Plenty Gisborne Hawkes Bay Manawatu Wanganui Nelson Marlborough Southland Greater Wellington Canterbury Chathams 119 n/a n/a n/a n/a 91 n/a n/a n/a n/a 64 n/a Northland Otago Taranaki Waikato West Coast , Population (5 year average) 1 million vehicle kilometres travelled Council roads Urban Rural State Highways Urban Rural 29 Population % of rural crashes All New Zealand N/A : Denotes that data for vehicle kilometres travelled (VKT) is not available or inappropriate for some categories. Crashes and casualties per 1 million VKT are based on five years of reported injury on-road crash data (25-29) and December 29 VKT estimates. Crashes and casualties per 1, population are based on five year average crash data (25-29) and Statistics NZ 29 population estimates. 1 Crash Rates and Costs

16 Figure 1.5 Crashes per 1 million vehicle-kilometres travelled - urban council roads Chathams Otago Southland Hawkes Bay Taranaki Canterbury Greater Wellington Waikato Nelson Marlborough Manawatu Wanganui All New Zealand West Coast Northland Auckland Gisborne Bay of Plenty Crashes per 1 million vkt 11 Crash Rates and Costs

17 Figure 1.6 Crashes per 1 million vehicle-kilometres travelled - rural council roads Chathams Otago Greater Wellington Northland Southland Taranaki Hawkes Bay Auckland All New Zealand Waikato Bay of Plenty Manawatu Wanganui West Coast Nelson Marlborough Canterbury Gisborne Crashes per 1 million vkt 12 Crash Rates and Costs

18 Figure 1.7 Crashes per 1 million vehicle kilometres travelled - urban state highways Chathams Southland Otago Auckland Hawkes Bay Greater Wellington Manawatu Wanganui Taranaki Gisborne All New Zealand Canterbury Waikato Nelson Marlborough West Coast Northland Bay of Plenty Crashes per 1 million vkt 13 Crash Rates and Costs

19 Figure 1.8 Crashes per 1 million vehicle-kilometres travelled - rural state highways Chathams Gisborne Hawkes Bay Southland Northland West Coast Taranaki Otago Nelson Marlborough Waikato All New Zealand Manawatu Wanganui Bay of Plenty Canterbury Greater Wellington Auckland Crashes per 1 million vkt 14 Crash Rates and Costs

20 Figure 1.4a Peer group crash and casualty rates Group Y 1, Population (5 year average) Crashes per Casualties per 1 million vehicle kilometres travelled Council roads Urban Rural State Highways Urban Rural City or District name Gisborne Gore Grey Hastings Kapiti Coast Marlborough Masterton New Plymouth Porirua Rotorua Thames Coromandel Timaru Upper Hutt Whangarei , Population (5 year average) 1 million vehicle kilometres travelled Council roads Urban Rural State Highways Urban Rural 29 Population % of rural crashes Group Y All New Zealand Group Y : Cities and dstricts where the percentage of vehicle kilometres travelled in urban areas is between 3 and 5 percent. N/A : Denotes that data for vehicle kilometres travelled (VKT) is not available or inappropriate for some categories. Crashes and casualties per 1 million VKT are based on five years of reported injury on-road crash data (25-29) and December 29 VKT estimates. Crashes and casualties per 1, population are based on five year average crash data (25-29) and Statistics NZ 29 population estimates. 15 Crash Rates and Costs

21 Figure 1.9 Crashes per 1, people Hawkes Bay Region state highways Crashes per 1, people All NZ SH Hawkes Bay SH Group Y SH 25 Figure 1.1 Casualties per 1, people Hawkes Bay Region state highways Casualties per 1, people All NZ SH Hawkes Bay SH Group Y SH 16 Crash Rates and Costs

22 Figure 1.11 Social cost of crashes in Hawkes Bay Region in 29 Hawkes Bay Region New Zealand Council roads State Highways Total urban rural urban rural $56.35 $42.97 $12.11 $83.66 $195.8 $1,67.4 $99.43 $ $1, $4,33.94 Note: Crash costs are in $ millions The social costs of a road crash and the associated injuries include a number of different elements: Loss of life and life quality Loss of output due to temporary incapacitation Medical costs Legal costs Property damage costs The average value of a loss of life due to a road crash is estimated by the amount of money the New Zealand population would be willing to pay for a safety improvement that would result in the expected avoidance of one premature death. This is the willingness to pay based value of statistical life or VOSL. The VOSL was established at $2 million in This has been indexed to the average hourly earnings (ordinary time) to express the value in current dollars. The updated VOSL is $3.5 million (in June 29 dollars). Based on several international and New Zealand studies on VOSL, the average loss of life quality for permanent impairments due to a serious and a minor injury were estimated to be 1 and.4% of the VOSL respectively. Crash rates can vary due to reporting rates. These are adjusted on a regional basis in this report by comparing with hospitalisation rates. The other social cost components are estimated based on a number of studies conducted during the early to mid-199s and are updated for price changes by indexing to an appropriate price index. For a detail discussion on this, please refer to The social cost of road crashes and injuries: June 29 update, available at the Ministry of Transport s website: The average social cost per reported crash (in June 29 dollars) are estimated at: Rural fatal crash $4,26, Rural serious crash $82, Rural minor crash $91, Urban fatal crash $3,775, Urban serious crash $699, Urban minor crash $82, These values include an allowance for non-reported injury crashes, and the totals in Fig also include an allowance for non injury crashes. 17 Crash Rates and Costs

23 18 Crash Rates and Costs

24 Crash Counts 19 Crash Counts

25 2 Crash Counts

26 Figure 2.1: Crash numbers and severity 25 to 29 - whole Region Total % Group Y Fatal crashes % 5% Serious crashes % 2 Minor crashes % 75% Total injury crashes Non-injury crashes Figure 2.2: Crash numbers and severity 25 to 29 - urban roads Total % Group Y Fatal crashes % 2% Serious crashes % 15% Minor crashes % 83% Total injury crashes Non-injury crashes Figure 2.3: Crash numbers and severity 25 to 29 - rural roads Total % Group Y Fatal crashes % 7% Serious crashes % 22% Minor crashes % 72% Total injury crashes Non-injury crashes Figure 2.4: Casualty numbers and severity 25 to 29 - whole Region Total % Group Y Fatal casualties % 4% Serious casualties % 18% Minor casualties % 78% Total casualties Figure 2.5: Casualty numbers and severity 25 to 29 - urban roads Total % Group Y Fatal casualties % 2% Serious casualties % 13% Minor casualties % 86% Total casualties Figure 2.6: Casualty numbers and severity 25 to 29 - rural roads Total % Group Y Fatal casualties % 5% Serious casualties % 2 Minor casualties % 75% Total casualties Crash Counts

27 Figure 2.7 Number of injury crashes Hawkes Bay Region state highways (urban & rural) No. of crashes Minor Serious Fatal 5 Figure 2.8 Number of casualties Hawkes Bay Region state highways (urban & rural) No. of casualties Minor Serious Fatal Crash Counts

28 45 Figure 2.9 Number of injury crashes Hawkes Bay Region - urban state highways No. of crashes Minor Serious Fatal Figure 2.1 Number of casualties Hawkes Bay Region - urban state highways No. of casualties Minor Serious Fatal Crash Counts

29 Figure 2.11 Number of injury crashes Hawkes Bay Region - rural state highways No. of crashes Minor Serious Fatal Figure 2.12 Number of casualties Hawkes Bay Region - rural state highways No. of casualties Minor Serious Fatal Crash Counts

30 4 Figure 2.13 Severity ratio - urban Hawkes Bay Region state highways 35% 3 % of all injury crashes 25% 2 15% 1 5% Note: This graph depicts the percentage of serious injury crashes (including those which resulted in death) to all injury crashes. All NZ SH Hawkes Bay SH Group Y SH 45% Figure 2.14 Severity ratio - rural Hawkes Bay Region state highways 4 35% % of all injury crashes 3 25% 2 15% 1 5% Note: This graph depicts the percentage of serious injury crashes (including those which resulted in death) to all injury crashes. All NZ SH Hawkes Bay SH Group Y SH 25 Crash Counts

31 26 Crash Counts

32 Road User Statistics 27 Road User Statistics

33 28 Road User Statistics

34 Figure 3.1 Road user casualties - urban Hawkes Bay Region state highways (25-29) Pedestrians 9 Cyclists 31 M/cyclists Heavy vehicles 2 17 Group Y SH Hawkes Bay SH All NZ SH Car/van passengers 4 Car/van drivers % of urban casualties Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of casualties is shown against the data points. Denotes statistically significant difference between Local Authority and National or Peer Group Proportions Figure 3.2 Road user casualties - rural Hawkes Bay Region state highways (25-29) Pedestrians 12 Cyclists 12 M/cyclists Heavy vehicles Group Y SH Hawkes Bay SH All NZ SH Car/van passengers 35 Car/van drivers % of rural casualties Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of casualties is shown against the data points. Denotes statistically significant difference between Local Authority and National or Peer Group Proportions 29 Road User Statistics

35 Figure 3.3 Male/female casualties - urban Hawkes Bay Region state highways 35 No. of casualties Male Female 1 5 Note: This graph shows the number of male and female roadusers injured. Figure 3.4 Male/female casualties - rural Hawkes Bay Region state highways No. of casualties Male Female 4 2 Note: This graph shows the number of male and female roadusers injured. 3 Road User Statistics

36 Figure 3.5 Male casualties by age Hawkes Bay Region state highways (25-29) 2 18% % % of male casualties 14% 12% 1 8% 6% % 14 2% < Age (years) Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of casualties is shown against the data points. The graph plots the percentage of Roaduser Casualties by age. All NZ SH Hawkes Bay SH Group Y SH Figure 3.6 Female casualties by age Hawkes Bay Region state highways (25-29) 2 18% % of female casualties 16% 14% 12% 1 8% 6% 4% 2% < Age (years) Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of casualties is shown against the data points. The graph plots the percentage of Roaduser Casualties by age. All NZ SH Hawkes Bay SH Group Y SH 31 Road User Statistics

37 Figure 3.7 Car/van driver casualties Hawkes Bay Region state highways % of all casualties Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of casualties is shown against the data points All NZ SH Hawkes Bay SH Group Y SH Figure 3.8 Car/van driver casualties Hawkes Bay Region state highways No. of casualties Note: Dotted line represents the ten year trend line 32 Road User Statistics

38 Figure 3.9 Car/van passenger casualties Hawkes Bay Region state highways 35% % % of all casualties 2 15% 1 5% Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of casualties is shown against the data points. All NZ SH Hawkes Bay SH Group Y SH 12 Figure 3.1 Car/van passenger casualties Hawkes Bay Region state highways 11 1 No. of casualties Note: Dotted line represents the ten year trend line 33 Road User Statistics

39 Figure 3.11 Heavy vehicle casualties Hawkes Bay Region state highways 12% % of all casualties 8% 6% 4% % Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of casualties is shown against the data points. All NZ SH Hawkes Bay SH Group Y SH Figure 3.12 Heavy vehicle casualties Hawkes Bay Region state highways No. of casualties Note: Dotted line represents the ten year trend line 34 Road User Statistics

40 Figure 3.13 Motorcyclist casualties Hawkes Bay Region state highways 9% 8% 12 7% % of all casualties 6% 5% 4% 3% % 1% Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of casualties is shown against the data points. All NZ SH Hawkes Bay SH Group Y SH 25 Figure 3.14 Motorcyclist casualties Hawkes Bay Region state highways No. of casualties Note: Dotted line represents the ten year trend line 35 Road User Statistics

41 Figure 3.15 Pedestrian casualties Hawkes Bay Region state highways 5% 4% % of all casualties 3% 2% 1% Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of casualties is shown against the data points. All NZ SH Hawkes Bay SH Group Y SH Figure 3.16 Pedestrian casualties Hawkes Bay Region state highways No. of casualties Note: Dottedline represents the ten year trend line 36 Road User Statistics

42 Figure 3.17 Cyclist casualties Hawkes Bay Region state highways 5% % 7 7 % of all casualties 3% 2% % Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of casualties is shown against the data points. All NZ SH Hawkes Bay SH Group Y SH Figure 3.18 Cyclist casualties Hawkes Bay Region state highways No. of casualties Note: Dotted line represents the ten year trend line 37 Road User Statistics

43 Figure 3.19 Car/van driver casualty age Hawkes Bay Region state highways (25-29) % of car/van driver casualties 18% 16% 14% 12% 1 8% 6% 4% 2% < Age (years) Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of casualties is shown against the data points. The population line show the age distribution for the TLA being analysed. All NZ SH Hawkes Bay SH Group Y SH Population 3 Figure 3.2 Car/van passenger casualty age Hawkes Bay Region state highways (25-29) % of car/van passenger casualties 25% 2 15% % < Age (years) Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of casualties is shown against the data points. The population line shows the age distribution for the TLA being analysed. All NZ SH Group Y SH Hawkes Bay SH Population 38 Road User Statistics

44 Figure 3.21 Heavy vehicle casualty age Hawkes Bay Region state highways (25-29) 18% 11 % of heavy vehicle casualties 16% 14% 12% 1 8% 6% 4% 2% < Age (years) Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of casualties is shown against the data points. The population line shows the age distribution for the TLA being analysed. All NZ SH Hawkes Bay SH Group Y SH Population Figure 3.22 Motorcyclist casualty age Hawkes Bay Region state highways (25-29) 2 18% 13 % of motorcyclist casualties 16% 14% 12% 1 8% 6% 4% 2% < Age (years) Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of casualties is shown against the data points. The population line shows the age distribution for the TLA being analysed. All NZ SH Hawkes Bay SH Group Y SH Population 39 Road User Statistics

45 25% Figure 3.23 Pedestrian casualty age Hawkes Bay Region state highways (25-29) 5 5 % of pedestrian casualties 2 15% 1 5% < Age (years) Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of casualties is shown against the data points. The population line shows the age distribution for the TLA being analysed. All NZ SH Hawkes Bay SH Group Y SH Population 2 Figure 3.24 Cyclist casualty age Hawkes Bay Region state highways (25-29) 8 18% % of cyclist casualties 16% 14% 12% 1 8% 6% % 2% < Age (years) Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of casualties is shown against the data points. The population line shows the age distribution for the TLA being analysed. All NZ SH Hawkes Bay SH Group Y SH Population 4 Road User Statistics

46 Figure 3.25 Casualty ethnicity - urban Hawkes Bay Region state highways (25-29) Other Asian Pacific Islander 4 Group Y SH Hawkes Bay SH All NZ SH Maori 29 European % of all casualties Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of crashes is shown against the data points. Denotes statistically significant difference between Local Authority and National or Peer Group Proportions Figure 3.26 Casualty ethnicity - rural Hawkes Bay Region state highways (25-29) Other 13 Asian Pacific Islander Group Y SH Hawkes Bay SH All NZ SH Maori 166 European % of all casualties Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of crashes is shown against the data points. Denotes statistically significant difference between Local Authority and National or Peer Group Proportions 41 Road User Statistics

47 Figure 3.27 Licence status - urban Hawkes Bay Region state highways 9 % of all drivers involved in injury crashes Note: This graph shows drivers by licence status as % of all drivers involved in injury crashes. Learner/Restricted No/Wrong Licence Forbidden/Disqualified Full Licence Unknown Overseas Figure 3.28 Licence status - rural Hawkes Bay Region state highways 8 7 % of all drivers involved in injury crashes Note: This graph shows drivers by licence status as % of all drivers involved in injury crashes. Learner/Restricted No/Wrong Licence Forbidden/Disqualified Full Licence Unknown Overseas 42 Road User Statistics

48 Crash Type Statistics 43 Crash Type Statistics

49 44 Crash Type Statistics

50 Figure 4.1 Crash movement type - urban Hawkes Bay Region state highways (25-29) Overtaking 11 Pedestrian vs vehicle 8 Crossing / Turning Rear end / obstruction Group Y SH Hawkes Bay SH All NZ SH Bend -lost control/head on 23 Straight -lost control/head on 17 Miscellaneous 5% 1 15% 2 25% 3 35% 4 45% % of urban crashes Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of crashes is shown against the data points. Denotes statistically significant difference between Local Authority and National or Peer Group Proportions Figure 4.2 Crash movement type - rural Hawkes Bay Region state highways (25-29) Overtaking 45 Pedestrian vs vehicle 12 Crossing / Turning Rear end / obstruction Bend -lost control/head on Group Y SH Hawkes Bay SH All NZ SH Straight -lost control/head on 12 Miscellaneous 3 5% 1 15% 2 25% 3 35% 4 45% 5 % of rural crashes Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of crashes is shown against the data points. Denotes statistically significant difference between Local Authority and National or Peer Group Proportions 45 Crash Type Statistics

51 Figure 4.3 Crash movement type - trends Hawkes Bay Region - urban state highways No. of crashes Overtaking Straight -lost control/head on Bend -lost control/head on Rear end / obstruction Crossing / Turning Pedestrian vs vehicle Figure 4.4 Crash movement type - trends Hawkes Bay Region - rural state highways No. of crashes Overtaking Straight -lost control/head on Bend -lost control/head on Rear end / obstruction Crossing / Turning Pedestrian vs vehicle 46 Crash Type Statistics

52 Figure 4.5 Failed to give way / stop Hawkes Bay Region - urban state highways % of urban crashes failed to give way/stop Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of crashes is shown against the data points. All NZ SH Hawkes Bay SH Group Y SH Figure 4.6 Bend - lost control / head - on Hawkes Bay Region - rural state highways 7 58 % of rural crashes bend/lost control/head on Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of crashes is shown against the data points. All NZ SH Hawkes Bay SH Group Y SH 47 Crash Type Statistics

53 48 Crash Type Statistics

54 69 Crash Factor Statistics 49 Crash Factor Statistics

55 5 Crash Factor Statistics

56 Figure 5.1 Contributing factors - urban Hawkes Bay Region state highways (25-29) Weather Road factors Vehicle factors Cyclist factors Pedestrian factors Disabled/old/ill Fatigue Poor judgement Poor observation Poor handling Incorrect lanes/position Over-taking Failed to keep left Failed to g.w./stop Too fast Alcohol involved Group Y SH Hawkes Bay SH All NZ SH % of urban crashes Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of crashes is shown against the data points. Denotes statistically significant difference between Local Authority and National or Peer Group Proportions Figure 5.2 Contributing factors - rural Hawkes Bay Region state highways (25-29) Weather Road factors Vehicle factors Cyclist factors Pedestrian factors Disabled/old/ill Fatigue Poor judgement Poor observation Poor handling Incorrect lanes/position Over-taking Failed to keep left Failed to g.w./stop Too fast Alcohol involved Group Y SH Hawkes Bay SH All NZ SH 5% 1 15% 2 25% 3 35% % of rural crashes Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of casualties is shown against the data points. Denotes statistically significant difference between Local Authority and National or Peer Group Proportions 51 Crash Factor Statistics

57 Figure 5.3 Contributing factor trends Hawkes Bay Region - urban state highways No. of urban crashes Alcohol involved Too fast Failed to g.w./stop Fatigue Figure 5.4 Contributing factor trends Hawkes Bay Region - urban state highways 3 25 No. of urban crashes Poor observation Poor judgement Pedestrian factors Road factors 52 Crash Factor Statistics

58 Figure 5.5 Contributing factor trends Hawkes Bay Region - urban state highways 6 5 No. of urban crashes Cyclist factors Incorrect lanes/position Vehicle factors Failed to keep left 7 Figure 5.6 Contributing factor trends Hawkes Bay Region - urban state highways 6 No. of urban crashes Poor handling Over-taking Disabled/old/ill Weather 53 Crash Factor Statistics

59 Figure 5.7 Alcohol involved trend Hawkes Bay Region - urban state highways 35% 7 % of urban crashes involving alcohol 3 25% 2 15% 1 5% Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of crashes is shown against the data points. All NZ SH Hawkes Bay SH Group Y SH Figure 5.8 Speed involved trend Hawkes Bay Region - urban state highways 14% 4 % of urban crashes involving speed 12% 1 8% 6% 4% 2% Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of crashes is shown against the data points. All NZ SH Hawkes Bay SH Group Y SH 54 Crash Factor Statistics

60 Figure 5.9 Contributing factor trends Hawkes Bay Region - rural state highways 4 35 No. of rural crashes Alcohol involved Too fast Road factors Fatigue 7 Figure 5.1 Contributing factor trends Hawkes Bay Region - rural state highways 6 No. of rural crashes Failed to g.w./stop Poor handling Poor judgement Failed to keep left 55 Crash Factor Statistics

61 Figure 5.11 Contributing factor trends Hawkes Bay Region - rural state highways 6 5 No. of rural crashes Vehicle factors Incorrect lanes/position Poor observation Over-taking 9 Figure 5.12 Contributing factor trends Hawkes Bay Region - rural state highways 8 No. of rural crashes Weather Disabled/old/ill Pedestrian factors Cyclist factors 56 Crash Factor Statistics

62 Figure 5.13 Alcohol involved trend Hawkes Bay Region - rural state highways 2 17 % of rural crashes involving alcohol 18% 16% 14% 12% 1 8% 6% 4% % Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of crashes is shown against the data points. All NZ SH Hawkes Bay SH Group Y SH 3 Figure 5.14 Speed involved trend Hawkes Bay Region - rural state highways 32 % of rural crashes Involving speed 25% % % Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of crashes is shown against the data points. All NZ SH Hawkes Bay SH Group Y SH 57 Crash Factor Statistics

63 58 Crash Factor Statistics

64 69 Environmental Statistics 59 Environmental Statistics

65 6 Environmental Statistics

66 Figure 6.1 Crashes not on state highways Hawkes Bay Region - urban state highways % of urban crashes not on State Highways 69 Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of crashes is shown against the data points. All NZ SH Hawkes Bay SH Group Y SH Figure 6.2 Crashes not on state highways Hawkes Bay Region - rural state highways % of rural crashes not on State Highways Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of crashes is shown against the data points. All NZ SH Hawkes Bay SH Group Y SH 61 Environmental Statistics

67 Figure 6.3 Intersection crashes Hawkes Bay Region - urban state highways 1 % of urban crashes at intersections Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of crashes is shown against the data points. All NZ SH Hawkes Bay SH Group Y SH Figure 6.4 Intersection crashes Hawkes Bay Region - rural state highways 3 31 % of rural crashes at intersections 25% % 1 5% Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of crashes is shown against the data points. All NZ SH Hawkes Bay SH Group Y SH 62 Environmental Statistics

68 Figure 6.5 Wet road crashes Hawkes Bay Region - urban state highways 35% % of urban crashes on wet roads 3 25% 2 15% 1 5% Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of crashes is shown against the data points. All NZ SH Hawkes Bay SH Group Y SH Figure 6.6 Wet road crashes Hawkes Bay Region - rural state highways 45% 45 % of rural crashes on wet roads 4 35% % 2 15% % Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of crashes is shown against the data points. All NZ SH Hawkes Bay SH Group Y SH 63 Environmental Statistics

69 Figure 6.7 Crashes in darkness Hawkes Bay Region - urban state highways 45% % of urban crashes in darkness 4 35% 3 25% 2 15% % Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of crashes is shown against the data points. All NZ SH Hawkes Bay SH Group Y SH 45% Figure 6.8 Crashes in darkness Hawkes Bay Region - rural state highways % of rural crashes in darkness % 3 25% 2 15% % Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of crashes is shown against the data points. All NZ SH Hawkes Bay SH Group Y SH 64 Environmental Statistics

70 Figure 6.9 Unsealed road crashes Hawkes Bay Region - rural state highways 5% % of rural crashes on unsealed roads 4% 3% 2% 1% Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of crashes is shown against the data points. All NZ SH Hawkes Bay SH Group Y SH 5% Figure 6.1 Icy road crashes Hawkes Bay Region - rural state highways % of rural crashes on icy roads 4% 3% 2% 1% Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of crashes is shown against the data points. All NZ SH Hawkes Bay SH Group Y SH 65 Environmental Statistics

71 Figure 6.11 Collisions with objects Hawkes Bay Region - urban state highways 4 13 % urban collisions involving fixed objects 35% 3 25% 2 15% 1 5% Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of crashes is shown against the data points. All NZ SH Hawkes Bay SH Group Y SH Figure 6.12 Collisions with objects Hawkes Bay Region - rural state highways % rural collisions involving fixed objects Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of crashes is shown against the data points. All NZ SH Hawkes Bay SH Group Y SH 66 Environmental Statistics

72 Ditch Trees Figure 6.13 Objects struck - urban Hawkes Bay Region state highways (25-29) 5 2 Roadworks Poles 9 Other 4 Parked vehicle 9 Island/sign/kerb 11 Guardrail Fence/building Over bank Cliff/bank Group Y SH Hawkes Bay SH All NZ SH Bridge 1 Animals 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% 6% 7% 8% % of urban crashes Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of crashes is shown against the data points. Denotes statistically significant difference between Local Authority and National or Peer Group Proportions Figure 6.14 Objects struck - rural Hawkes Bay Region state highways (25-29) Ditch Trees Roadworks Poles Other Parked vehicle Island/sign/kerb Guardrail Fence/building Over bank Cliff/bank Bridge Animals % 4% 6% 8% 1 12% 14% 16% 18% % of rural crashes Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of crashes is shown against the data points. Denotes statistically significant difference between Local Authority and National or Peer Group Proportions Group Y SH Hawkes Bay SH All NZ SH 67 Environmental Statistics

73 68 Environmental Statistics

74 69 Date and Time Statistics 69 Date and Time Statistics

75 7 Date and Time Statistics

76 Figure 7.1 Time pattern over average week Hawkes Bay Region state highways (25-29) % 71 Date and Time Statistics Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday All NZ SH Hawkes Bay SH Group Y SH 1..5%. % of Total Crashes Hawkes Bay Region S.H. Road Safety Report 25-29

77 Figure 7.2 Day of week (6 a.m. to 6 a.m.) Hawkes Bay Region state highways (25-29) % of total crashes 18% 16% 14% 12% 1 8% 6% % 2% 69 Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday Day Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of crashes is shown against the data points. Denotes statistically significant difference between Local Authority and National or Peer Group Proportions Group Y SH Hawkes Bay SH All NZ SH Figure 7.3 Month of year Hawkes Bay Region state highways (25-29) 12% 96 % of total crashes 1 8% 6% 4% % Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Month Note: While the graph plots percentages, the number of crashes is shown against the data points. Denotes statistically significant difference between Local Authority and National or Peer Group Proportions Group Y SH Hawkes Bay SH All NZ SH 72 Date and Time Statistics

78 Crash Location Statistics 73 Crash Location Statistics

79 74 Crash Location Statistics

80 Hawkes Bay Region S.H. Road Safety Report Table 9.3: State Highway Urban and Rural Black Spot List (Injury and Non-Injury Crashes) Urban Site Radius = 3 metres Rural Site Radius = 25 metres Sites with 3 or more injury crashes or more than $15 in social costs CRASH ROAD SIDE ROAD TOTAL Non- Injury SH 5A 8 S EVENDEN ROAD $12,576,654 SH 2 I SH $7,598,37 SH 5 I SH 5A $7,162,113 SH 5 I MEEANEE ROAD $6,867,374 SH 2 15 N HIGGINSON ST $5,91,877 SH 2 7 N KIWI VALLEY ROAD S $5,671,26 SH 2 I NAPIER ROAD $5,641,44 SH 5 I OMAHU ROAD $5,339,232 SH 5A MARAEKAKAHO I YORK ROAD $5,247,122 SH 2 I PILCHER ROAD $5,217,452 SH 2 35 W MANGATAURANGA ROAD $5,57,712 SH 5 I MARAEKAKAHO ROAD $5,39,671 SH 2 84 S MILL ROAD $4,987,22 SH N TE MAHANGA ROAD $4,954,397 SH 5 13 S MEEANEE ROAD $4,932,17 SH S TE MAHANGA ROAD $4,91,297 SH 2 I MAHARAKEKE ROAD $4,91,974 SH 2 2 N ONEHUNGA ROAD $4,633,657 SH 2 I ELWOOD ROAD $4,599,53 SH 2 14 S ELLISON ST $4,568,523 SH 2 I WAITANGI ROAD $4,551,35 SH 2 5 N DRUMPEEL ROAD $4,476,928 SH 5A I IRONGATE ROAD $4,433,534 SH 2 1 N BOUNDARY ROAD $4,376,626 SH 2 56 S WAIKAREAO ROAD $4,355,631 SH 5 35 N HAKIWAI ROAD $4,352,99 SH 2 I TAPAIRU ROAD $4,332,526 SH 5 15 N MEEANEE ROAD $4,328,818 SH 5 78 N GLENGARRY ROAD $4,321,63 SH 5 9 W YULE ROAD $4,316,234 SH 5 16 E WAITARA ROAD $4,313,477 SH 2 I SYDNEY ST $4,31,456 SH 2 1 E IWITEA ROAD $4,31,234 SH 5A 2 S LINKS ROAD $4,293,891 SH 5 9 N HILL ROAD $4,289,34 SH 2 I TE PAIRU ROAD $4,288,426 SH W THE CRESCENT $4,271,256 SH 5 6 S KENNEDY OFF NBD $4,271,256 SH 2B 92 N PREBENSEN DRIVE $4,267,234 SH 2 45 S POUKAWA ROAD $4,264,477 SH 5 3 W OMARUNUI ROAD $4,26,891 SH 2 2 S MARINE PARADE $4,249,791 SH 2 77 S MCINTYRES ACCESS ROAD $4,214,912 SH 2 49 W KIWI VALLEY ROAD $4,213,34 SH 2 I WATCHMAN ROAD $3,417,873 SH 2 I AWATOTO ROAD $3,63,11 SH 2 I PAKIPAKI OFF NBD $2,92,19 SH 2 I HILL ROAD $2,388,757 SH 2 5 E TE AUTE TRUST ROAD $2,294,194 SH 2 I SH $2,254,831 Wet Crash % Dark Crash % Crash Costs 75 Crash Location Statistics

81 Hawkes Bay Region S.H. Road Safety Report Table 9.3: State Highway Urban and Rural Black Spot List (Injury and Non-Injury Crashes) Urban Site Radius = 3 metres Rural Site Radius = 25 metres Sites with 3 or more injury crashes or more than $15 in social costs CRASH ROAD SIDE ROAD TOTAL Non- Injury HEATHCOTE ROAD I SH 5A $1,821,583 SH 2 I LATHAM ST $1,88,965 SH 5 85 N TARAWERA TAV $1,771,313 SH 5 I PAKOWHAI ROAD $1,683,344 SH 2 45 N PUTORINO STATION ROAD $1,634,157 SH 5 5 N MCVICAR ROAD $1,565,891 SH 2 95 N TUNANUI ROAD $1,531,74 SH 5 I TRINITY CRESCENT $1,42,52 SH 2 3 S OLD MAIN ROAD $1,373,892 SH 5 I SHAW ROAD $1,285,34 SH 5A I EVENDEN ROAD $1,257,626 SH 2 I HIGGINSON ST $1,23,618 SH 5 35 N TE HAROTO ROAD $1,2,249 SH 2 11 E WAIHUA VALLEY ROAD $1,143,28 SH 5 A MANGA-O-NUKU NO3 BR $1,129,471 SH 2 I OLD MAIN ROAD $1,1,37 SH 2 1 S POUKAWA ROAD $1,84,86 SH 2 I BEACH ACCESS ROAD $1,77,34 SH 2 65 N COLLEGE ROAD $1,67,636 SH 5 9 N GLENGARRY ROAD $1,46,97 SH 2 19 N WAIKARE ROAD $1,45,96 SH 2 28 W TANGOIO SETTLEMENT RO $1,39,61 SH 2 I WEST QUAY $1,3,928 SH 2 I KENNEDY ROAD $1,14,38 SH 5 A MOHAKA BR $993,734 SH 5 I POHOKURA ROAD $991,76 SH 5 2 S GLENGARRY ROAD $987,25 SH 2 2 N NORTH SHORE ROAD $972,657 SH 2 42 S HALIBURTON ROAD $953,289 SH S ARGYLL ROAD $952,77 SH 2 12 S AWATOTO ROAD $949,934 SH N MCVICAR ROAD $931, SH 2 I DOUGLAS ROAD $916,932 SH 5 I SH $863,333 SH 2B I TAMATEA DRIVE $843,114 SH 5 25 S GLENGARRY ROAD $815,14 KENNEDY ROAD I KENNEDY OFF NBD $742,762 SH 5 I SWAMP ROAD $729,66 SH 5 1 S MEEANEE ROAD $661,94 YORK ROAD 1 E SH 5A $545,13 SH 2 3 S NGARURORO BR $516,46 SH 2 A HAWKES BAY AIRPORT $494,677 SH 2 59 S AWATOTO ROAD $494,336 SH 2 I ARGYLL ROAD $48,527 SH 2 I TAHAENUI ROAD $474,749 SH 5 I FRANKLIN ROAD $466,577 SH 5 55 N MCVICAR ROAD $454,898 SH 5 12 N SUMMIT KIOSK $434,598 SH 2 I ST GEORGES ROAD $4,699 SH S WAIKOAU ROAD $392,63 Wet Crash % Dark Crash % Crash Costs 76 Crash Location Statistics

82 Hawkes Bay Region S.H. Road Safety Report Table 9.3: State Highway Urban and Rural Black Spot List (Injury and Non-Injury Crashes) Urban Site Radius = 3 metres Rural Site Radius = 25 metres Sites with 3 or more injury crashes or more than $15 in social costs CRASH ROAD SIDE ROAD TOTAL Non- Injury SH 5 I KOWARO ROADWAY $387,427 SH 2B I PREBENSEN DRIVE $379,619 SH 2 I MCGRATH ST $378,18 SH 2 I TE AUTE TRUST ROAD $362,6 SH 2 I RICHMOND ROAD $344,892 SH 2 1 S MARINE PARADE $333,73 SH 2 5 S KAIMO ROAD $33,973 SH 2 5 N FARNDON ROAD $328,83 SH 5A I TURAMOE ROAD $317,936 SH 5 8 E SUMMIT KIOSK $313,36 SH 5 13 W BEATTIE ROAD $313,36 SH 5 I MCVICAR ROAD $313,36 SH 2 I FARNDON ROAD $39,42 SH 2 1 W WAIHUA VALLEY ROAD $39,14 SH 5 5 S WHAKAPIRAU ROAD $38,136 SH 5 1 N ELLIS WALLACE ROAD $36,257 SH 5 2 S WAIPUNGA NO2 BR $276,36 SH 2 28 S COLIN WHITE ROAD $274,4 SH 5 2 S BEATTIE ROAD $269,5 Wet Crash % Dark Crash % Crash Costs 77 Crash Location Statistics

83 Hawkes Bay Region S.H. Road Safety Report Table 9.5 : State Highway Crash Sites with a Significant Increase in Crashes in 29 (Injury and Non-Injury Crashes) Urban Site Radius = 3 metres Rural Site Radius = 25 metres Non- CRASH ROAD SIDE ROAD TOTAL Injury SH 2 I PAKIPAKI OFF NBD SH 5 I SH 2B SH 2B I TAMATEA DRIVE SH 5 I OMAHU ROAD SH 2 A HAWKES BAY AIRPORT SH 2 19 N WAIKARE ROAD SH 2 I HILL ROAD SH 2 7 N KIWI VALLEY ROAD S SH 2 1 E IWITEA ROAD SH 2 15 E ANDREW ST SH 5 2 N MARAEKAKAHO ROAD SH 2 45 S POUKAWA ROAD SH 2 2 N KAIMO ROAD SH 2 5 W COUGHLAN ROAD SH 2B 92 N PREBENSEN DRIVE SH 5A 1 S YORK ROAD SH 2 2 N WILLIAMSON ROAD SH 2 4 W STOPFORD ST SH 5 I POHOKURA ROAD Wet Crash % Dark Crash % 78 Crash Location Statistics

84 Groupings of crash types Grouping of contributing factors General factor list General movement types Appendix

85 Appendix

86 Explanatory notes for the appendix 1. Each traffic crash report has a diagram and a description of what happened. These are used to classify the movements the vehicles were making when they crashed eg collided with parked vehicle, or lost control while overtaking. In this report, crash types are grouped into seven categories. The following page shows the types of crashes which are included in each group. 2. Traffic crash reports also include information on why the crash occurred, or on factors contributing to the crash. In this report the hundreds of contributing factor codes used by New Zealand Transport Agency have been condensed into 16 groups for practical reasons. Lists of the factor groups used in this report, and of all the contributing factors used by New Zealand Transport Agency, are shown on the following pages. 3. Note that in the year 2 there were some minor changes to the contributing factor groups. The most significant change was that inattention was grouped with inadequate check to form poor observation. This allowed a more accurate assessment of fatigue as a contributing factor, as it now has its own grouping. 4. The factor group poor handling includes factor codes that were only introduced in This could explain why there may have been a sudden change at this time. 5. The coding of the factors contributing to a crash is subjective. Therefore analysis using contributing factor groups needs to be interpreted with caution. Also, to effectively target safety or enforcement campaigns more analysis of the specific contributing factors involved may be needed. 6. It should be noted that a traffic crash generally has more than one contributing factor. Therefore, adding the number of crashes on graphs showing the number of crashes with a given factor or factor group will be greater than the total number of crashes in the city or district. Appendix

87 Groupings of crash types Appendix

88 Groupings of contributing factors Factor group Factor codes included Alcohol involved Too fast Failed to give way or stop Failed to keep left Overtaking Incorrect lanes or position Poor handling Poor observation Poor judgement Fatigue Disabled, old age or illness 5 57 Pedestrian factors Cyclist factors Any factor coded against a cyclist Vehicle factors 136, Road factors 135, Weather 9 99 Note: The following factor codes are not included as they do not fit adequately into any of the above groupings: 12, 16, , 433, 434, and Appendix

89 A B C TYPE OVERTAKING AND LANE CHANGE HEAD ON LOST CONTROL OR OFF ROAD (STRAIGHT ROADS) PULLING OUT OR CHANGING LANE TO RIGHT ON STRAIGHT OUT OF CONTROL ON ROADWAY VEHICLE MOVEMENT CODING SHEET HEAD ON CUTTING CORNER OFF ROADWAY TO LEFT CUTTING IN OR CHANGING LANE TO LEFT SWINGING WIDE OFF ROADWAY TO RIGHT For use with crash data from CAS (Version 2.8 May 21) A B C D E F G O LOST CONTROL (OVERTAKING VEHICLE) BOTH OR UNKNOWN SIDE ROAD LOST CONTROL ON STRAIGHT LOST CONTROL (OVERTAKEN VEHICLE) LOST CONTROL ON CURVE WEAVING IN HEAVY TRAFFIC OTHER OTHER OTHER D CORNERING LOST CONTROL TURNING RIGHT LOST CONTROL TURNING LEFT MISSED INTERSECTION OR END OF ROAD OTHER E COLLISION WITH OBSTRUCTION PARKED VEHICLE CRASH OR BROKEN DOWN NON VEHICULAR OBSTRUCTIONS (INCLUDING ANIMALS) WORKMANS VEHICLE OPENING DOOR OTHER F REAR END SLOWER VEHICLE CROSS TRAFFIC PEDESTRIAN QUEUE SIGNALS OTHER OTHER G TURNING VERSUS SAME DIRECTION REAR OF LEFT TURNING VEHICLE LEFT TURN SIDE SIDE SWIPE STOPPED OR TURNING FROM LEFT SIDE NEAR CENTRE LINE OVERTAKING VEHICLE TWO TURNING OTHER H CROSSING (NO TURNS) RIGHT ANGLE O O (7 TO 11 ) OTHER J CROSSING (VEHICLE TURNING) RIGHT TURN RIGHT SIDE OPPOSING RIGHT TURNS TWO TURNING OTHER K MERGING LEFT TURN IN RIGHT TURN IN TWO TURNING OTHER L RIGHT TURN AGAINST STOPPED WAITING TO TURN MAKING TURN OTHER M MANOEUVRING PARKING OR LEAVING "U" TURN "U" TURN DRIVEWAY MANOEUVRE ENTERING OR LEAVING FROM OPPOSITE SIDE ENTERING OR LEAVING FROM SAME SIDE REVERSING ALONG ROAD OTHER N PEDESTRIANS CROSSING ROAD LEFT SIDE RIGHT SIDE LEFT TURN LEFT SIDE RIGHT TURN RIGHT SIDE LEFT TURN RIGHT SIDE RIGHT TURN LEFT SIDE MANOEUVRING VEHICLE OTHER P PEDESTRIANS OTHER WALKING WITH TRAFFIC WALKING FACING TRAFFIC WALKING ON FOOTPATH CHILD PLAYING (INCLUDING TRICYCLE) ATTENDING TO VEHICLE ENTERING OR LEAVING VEHICLE OTHER Q MISCELLANEOUS FELL WHILE BOARDING OR ALIGHTING FELL FROM MOVING VEHICLE TRAIN PARKED VEHICLE RAN AWAY EQUESTRIAN FELL INSIDE VEHICLE TRAILER OR LOAD OTHER = Movement applies for left and right hand bends, curves or turns

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