2014 European Workshop AFB20 (2) Roadside Safety Design International Research Activities Subcommittee Wednesday, November 5, 2014

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1 2014 European Workshop AFB20 (2) Roadside Safety Design International Research Activities Subcommittee Wednesday, November 5, 2014 SESSION II: Innovation for Road side Safety Run-off accidents against road culvert ends: A way of evaluation protector systems based on standards Mr Aquilino Molinero (aquilino.molinero@cidro.es)

2 Road culvert ends: A GLOBAL road safety problem Engineering structure that allows the pass of vehicles, of pedestrians, services or water streams under a path Poland Australia Hungary France USA Costa Rica

3 Characteristics of real impacts 1 High severity in this kind of impacts (fatal accidents / serious injured). Existing on any type of road network: National, Regional, Sub regional and local. Any type of user involved. Type of vehicles involved 1 : 90% passenger cars (1.355 kg) and 10% motorcycles. Impact angle: 6º degrees. Impact Speed : 75 Km/h. Roadside: 80% on the right side. Impact angle: 6º 1 Source: 24 accidents investigated in depth by Accident Research Team of CIDAUT in the province of Valladolid.

4 How these accidents happen? Vehicle mass: 1,500 kg Impact speed: 100 km/h Angle: 0º 3m 0,5m Vídeo1

5 Current possible solutions But.we need a PERFECT SOLUTION that should be..safe (MANDATORY): TESTED in accredited crash test laboratory...other (OPTIONAL) characteristics: low cost, easy installation, adaptable to any type of ditches, easy cleaning of the drainage elements, minimum maintenance,

6 MANDATORY Characteristics 1. How to TEST a protective device for road culvert ends?: 1.1. EN 1317 (Road Restraint System): It does not detail how to evaluate these specific devices, but. it defines possible parameters to evaluate them for passsenger cars (according to UNE-EN Performance classes, impact test acceptance criteria and test methods for safety barriers including vehicle parapets ): - ASI (Acceleration Severity Index) Impact Severity. - THIV (Theoretical Head Impact Velocity) Seriousness for the passengers. - Impact Severity Index: Based on ASI and THIV (A<B<C) values. - Deformations into the interior part and roll over in a vehicle. it defines possible parameters to evaluate them for motorcyclists (according to TS Motorcycle road restraint systems which reduce the impact severity of motorcyclist collisions with safety barriers ): - HIC (Head Injury Criterion) Possible (TCE). - Forces and Moments Possible injuries. - Intrusions, protruding rearwards, elements of detachment, lacerations in the dummy.

7 MANDATORY Characteristics 1. How to TEST a protective device for road culvert ends?: 1.2. MASH (Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware): It does detail how to evaluate these specific devices Chapter Roadside Geometric Features and Pavement Discontinuities : - Includes Ditches, Embankments and Drainage structures. - The same vehicle for TL3 tests must be used (Pick-up 2270 Kg). - The impact test speed can be between TL2 and TL3 (70 and 100 Km/h). - The impact angle could come from simulations or any input with the aim of dealing the most severe consequences (the worst impact scenario).

8 2. Practical example of evaluation: EN (Road Restraint System) MASH + + (Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware) Necessary characteristics Real accidents (In depth Accident Databases) Example: Evaluation of CROSSAFE System 3m 0,5m Passenger car kg at 100 km/h and 0 Vídeo2 Configuration Results Behaviour Test Impact Speed (km/h) Vehicle approach angle(º) Mass (kg) ASI THIV (km/h) Severity Index Vehicle deformation Vehicle rollover 1 102,5 0, ,7 8 A 2 102,6 5, ,9 11 A

9 2. Practical example of evaluation: Necessary characteristics CROSSAFE mitigates passenger car injuries Efficiency tested Three LIFES SAVED in two real accidents

10 2. Practical example of evaluation: TS (Road Restraint System) MASH + + (Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware) Necessary characteristics Real accidents (In depth Accident Databases) Example: Evaluation of CROSSAFE System Motorcyclist at 60 km/h and 0 and 30 Vídeo3 Results Behaviour Test HIC36 Fx (N) Fz trac. (N) Fz comp. (N) Mco.x (Nm) Mco.y flex. (Nm) Mco.y ext. (Nm) Level There is intrusion, break or cut of the dummy The dummy is trapped 1 23,41 306,19 653, ,27 16,29 20,1 I 2 250,27 616,63 849, ,86 5,45 32,19 29,56 I 3 57,41 596,73 185,64 249,8 14,49 35,06 116,24 I

11 2. Practical example of evaluation: Necessary characteristics CROSSAFE mitigates motorcyclists injuries

12 Desirable Characteristics 3. National Standards about how to protect Road culvert ends : 3.1. SPAIN (O.C. 35/2014 Recommendations about which kind of RRS is necessary in each roadside):

13 4. Conclussions: Desirable Characteristics Run-off accidents against road culvert end are a GLOBAL problem Real accidents have been analysed Real impact dynamics are detailed Does MASH and EN-1317 define specific test performance and impact parameters?...or it would be interesting to detail deeper how to performance an impact test for evaluating these devices and help to National Road Authorities how to choose safe protector (CE mark) for their road culvert ends?.

14 To take in mind We can reduce these accident fatalities.. and LIFE could revive from a TESTED PROTECTIVE DEVICE Thank you for your attention!! Mr Aquilino Molinero CIDRO aquilino.molinero@cidro.es

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