workplace fatalities involving falls to a lower level. Fall related fatalities make up 16% of workplace fatalities

Transcription

1

2 workplace fatalities involving falls to a lower level Fall related fatalities make up 16% of workplace fatalities Bureau of Labor Statistics

3 Passive Fall Prevention Fall Arrest Fall Restraint Inspection/Maintenance

4 Guarding Floor and Wall Openings and Holes Powered Platforms, Manlifts and Vehicle Mounted Work Platforms Fall Protection Duty to Have Fall Protection Fall Protection Systems and Criteria Training Requirements

5 Evaluate the workplace for fall hazards and plan accordingly Focus on: The presence of fall hazards Structural integrity issues Types of fall arrest or restraint methods to be used Situations where fall arrest or restraint will be difficult to utilize Protection for persons working under or passing below overhead work Situations where passive forms of fall protection can be used

6 Addressing the Hazard

7 Best example Guardrail Once a guardrail is installed it doesn t need to be altered to prevent access to the leading edge Rights Reserved

8 Eliminates the hazard all together 4 foot General Industry The Forty-Eight Inch Rule Rights Reserved

9 Top-rails must be 42 inches above the walking/working surface Intermediate rails 21 inches Must be capable of withstanding 200 lbs. in any direction Rights Reserved

10 All excavations should be marked with caution tape, reflective pylons, traffic cones, etc. Excavations six feet or greater must be protected by a guardrail, fence, barricade or properly rated cover.

11 Floor Opening - An opening measuring 12 inches or more in its least dimension, in any floor, platform, pavement, or yard through which persons may fall; such as a hatchway, stair or ladder opening, pit, or large manhole. Rights Reserved

12 Need to be guarded: Standard Railing Permanent or temporary Hinged floor opening cover Manhole cover Rights Reserved

13 Floor Openings

14 Preventing Fall Related Injuries

15 Must be protected from falling six feet or more: Maintenance Activities Use of Boom Articulating Lifts Use of cranes Others??? Rights Reserved

16

17 Designed to stop a fall once it has already begun Bring an employee to a complete stop and limit deceleration distance: 3.5 feet with a traditional energy absorbing lanyard 24 inches for Self- Retracting Lifeline Rights Reserved

18 Anchorage Full-Body Harness Connector Rights Reserved

19 Activates upon a fall Stops Fall May prevent serious injury Rights Reserved

20 Distance a body falls before the fall arrest system activates Must not exceed 6 feet or contact w/lower level or obstruction Rights Reserved

21 When stopping a fall the system shall: Limit maximum arresting forces to 1,800 lbs. when used with a body harness Bring an employee to a complete stop and limit deceleration distance an employee travels to 3.5 feet Shall have sufficient strength to withstand the potential impact energy of a person free falling a distance of 6 feet or the distance permitted by the system

22 Support 5000 lbs. static load per person This is often difficult to achieve without a engineered anchor point Rights Reserved

23 When possible choose an anchor point above the head If not positioned overhead a pendulum effect will occur Rights Reserved

24 Disperses forces of fall arrest over the chest, thighs, pelvis and shoulders Connected to anchorage by a lanyard (Dorsal D- Ring Rights Reserved

25 Shock absorbing Self retracting lifelines (SRL) All must have double action locking hooks w/tensile strength of 5,000 lbs. Rights Reserved

26 Do not connect two snap hooks together (roll out) Be aware of sharp edges. Guard sharp edges with a protective materials Never use two lanyards attached to a dorsal d-ring in place of a dual legged lanyard

27 Full Body Harness D-Ring Anchorage Connector (Lanyard)

28 Personal fall arrest systems must limit arresting forces to 1800 lbs. when used with a full body harness Shock absorbing mechanisms should be used for fall arrest

29 Free Fall Distance = 6 ft. + Deceleration Distance = 3.5 ft. = Total Fall Distance = 9.5 ft. + Height of the Worker = 6 ft. + Safety Factor = 3 ft. = Required Clearance = 18.5 ft. Assume: 6 foot shock absorbing lanyard anchored above the head

30

31 Do Bungee Jumpers Calculate Total Fall/Clearance Distance?

32 Travel Freely Automatically locks to arrest a fall Example: Rope Grab Rights Reserved

33 Rated for correct number of persons Used accessing rolling stock (i.e. railcars, tops of tankers, etc.) Rights Reserved

34 Crane Basket Required Boom Articulating Lift Required Scissor Lifts Not required unless railing is removed Scaffolding Not required unless railings are not being utilized (10 ft.) Rights Reserved

35 Employer shall provide prompt rescue of employees in the event of a fall or ensure that employees are able to rescue themselves. In-house Equipment Local First Responders Rights Reserved

36 What s wrong with this picture?

37 Additionally, it would not be appropriate to use the personal protection equipment standard, 29 CFR (d), to cite exposure to fall hazards from the tops of rolling stock, unless employees are working atop stock that is positioned inside of or contiguous to a building or other structure where the installation of fall protection is feasible. In such cases, fall protection systems often can be and, in fact, are used in many facilities in the industry.

38 Perform all work under fall protection if feasible, if not possible: Blue-flag/isolate tracks to ensure cars are not moved with workers on top Prohibit employees from working on top of railcars in inclement weather (snow/ice/high winds) Train employees on proper ways to climb on to cars (three-point control) Require all work to be done from railcar catwalk

39 Document a PPE Hazard assessment Train and enforce Rights Reserved

40 Eliminate the Fall

41

42 A tie off system that restrains the employee from falling Does not allow the worker to access the fall hazard Rights Reserved

43 Consists of an anchorage point 1,000 lbs. (ANSI Z359) Full-Body Harness Connector Adjustable Lanyard Preferred Rights Reserved

44 Must keep ample distance from the leading edge (i.e. 6 feet) Must not allow for fall potential Rights Reserved

45 Does not allow a person to be exposed to a fall Anchorage point requirements of 1,000 lbs. (ANSI 359) No fall, no rescue! Rights Reserved

46 Fall Arrest or Fall Restraint?

47 Caring for and inspecting equipment

48 Before each use (after) inspect lanyards, SRL and harnesses: Cuts Frays Damage Cracks Burns Impact indicator Rights Reserved

49 Annually by a competent person (ANSI Z359) Rights Reserved

50 Personal fall protection systems and components subjected to impact loading need to be taken out of service until: Inspected by a competent person Determined to be undamaged and suitable for use If equipment is not useable, make it unusable

51 SRL According to manufacturer frequency requirements Rights Reserved

52 Clean full body harness with water and mild soap solution Do not use bleach or bleach solutions Air Dry Store full body harness in a cool, dry, clean environment, out of direct sunlight Many factors can damage a harness: Chemicals Extreme heat Sunlight

53

54 Train employees on: Nature of hazards in the work area The correct procedures for maintaining, erecting and inspecting fall protection systems Document all training: Name of employee trained Date Signature of person who conducted the training

55 Required when: Changes in the workplace Changes in the types of fall protection systems or equipment used Determined that the employee does not have requisite understanding or skills

56 Supervisor Talking Points Quiz OSHA.gov etool - Falls

57