YEAR 10 SPORT SCIENCE QUIZ 3 - BIOMECHANICS. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (Circle the correct response)

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1 NME: YER 10 SPORT SIENE QUIZ 3 - IOMEHNIS MULTIPLE HOIE QUESTIONS (ircle the correct response) Question 1 To accelerate from a standing start, a 100m sprinter would need to: minimise the friction between the spikes and the track to allow more forward force to be applied maximise the friction between the spikes and the track to allow more force to be applied backwards apply more downward force to maximise the upward reaction force from the track apply less downward force to minimise the upward reaction force from the track Question 2 Which of the following statements best describes Newton s first law of motion? The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the amount of force applied to it. The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to its momentum. n object will remain in a constant state of motion or rest unless acted on by a force. For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. Question 3 In long jump, athletes run in at full speed to maximise their distance. However, in a javelin throw, the athlete runs in at about ¾ of their top speed. The most likely reason they can throw further this way, would be that: they would be able to balance better during the throwing action they can lean back further to maximise the angle of release of the javelin run-up speed does not affect the distance of the throw they have more time to generate force during the last stride of the throw Question 4 Increasing the mass of a baseball bat could help to increase the distance of the hit by: increasing the surface area of the bat so that the ball is more likely to hit the centre of the bat increasing the force transferred to the ball due to a greater momentum of the bat increasing the summation of forces as the bat cannot be swung as quickly increasing the spin and lift on the ball due to a larger bat Question 5 ack spin imparted to the ball in tennis will see the ball most likely do the following in terms of its flight path: the ball will hold up more in the air, lengthening its flight time and distance the ball will dip and drop more quickly, shortening its flight time and distance there will be no change in the ball s flight path due to the application of top spin none of the above.

2 Question 6 The acceleration of a body is directly proportional to the amount of force used. This is an example of: Newton s first law Newton s second law Newton s third law Newton s law of conservation. Question 7 ten-pin bowler changes his bowl from a 6kg to an 8kg bowl. The bowl now: / has less momentum as it is more difficult to bowl it with speed / requires a greater force to bowl it at the same speed / will knock the pins down easier due to a higher speed / none of the above Question 8 basketball centre weighing 100kg collides with a guard weighing 80kg. Neither player saw the contact coming, but the centre was knocked to the floor, most likely because: / both players were moving at a similar speed / the guard was moving much faster than the centre / the centre had less grip on his shoes than the guard so had less friction to stay on his feet / none of the above. Question 9 In cricket, a fast bowler shines one side of the ball to make it smooth, and the ball begins to swing in towards the batter. This would occur mostly due to: / the air moving faster over the smooth side of the ball to increase the pressure / the air moving slower over the smooth side of the ball to decrease the pressure / the air moving faster over the smooth side of the ball to decrease the pressure / the air moving slower over the smooth side of the ball to increase the pressure Question 10 If we replaced an old tennis ball with a new tennis ball, what would you expect to happen? / The new tennis ball to travel faster through the air as it is more elastic / The old tennis ball to bounce higher due to less friction with the court surface / The new tennis ball to swing/move more through the air due to a greater effect of air resistance / The old tennis ball to bounce slower off the court surface as it has less hair EN OF SETION

3 Question 1 a. State Newton s First Law of Motion. SHORT NSWER QUESTIONS 1 mark b. Explain a specific sporting situation that demonstrates the application of Newton's First Law of Motion. Question 2 The photo illustrates the sequence of movements involved in a jump shot in basketball. a. Explain the relationship between the force applied to the ball by the player and the acceleration of the ball as it leaves his hand. Which of Newton s laws of motion does this relationship reflect? E F b. The jump shot in basketball involves the concept of force summation. Explain the principle of force summation, using the jump shot as an example. 3 marks

4 c. cceleration can be defined as an increase in speed from one point to another (deceleration is a decrease in speed). etween which phases in the basketball jump shot (eg. to ) would there be (refer to diagram): i) The highest rate of acceleration of the body. ii) Little or no acceleration of the body. iii) The highest rate of deceleration of the body. 3 marks Question 3 a. List three factors that influence the initial flight path (release) of a projectile eg. Throwing a ball for distance: i. i 3 marks b. s a projectile travels through the air (eg. a discus throw in athletics), air resistance opposes its movement. What are the effects of the following on the air resistance (lift and drag) experienced by a projectile? i. decrease in the mass of the projectile: n increase in the velocity of the projectile: _ i decrease in the surface area of the projectile: 3 marks c. Spin imparted to a projectile such as a ball also influences the flight path of the ball through the air. Label the following diagram (using the terms below) to help explain how the flight path of a spinning ball is different to one with no spin. High pressure area Low pressure area High air velocity Low air velocity ctual flight path (direction) of the ball (use an arrow to indicate). 3 marks Force

5 Question 4 Friction is a factor in many sports. It can be defined as the force that arises whenever one body or object moves or tends to move across the surface of another. a. Explain two different sporting examples where athletes attempt to increase friction in order to improve their performance. i. b. Explain two different sporting examples where athletes attempt to decrease friction in order to improve their performance. i. Question 5 base-baller swapped to a lighter bat, and found he could hit the ball further. Using the principle of momentum, explain how he is able to hit the ball further. Short answer 26 marks TOTL MRKS: /36 EN OF TEST