November 5, Sent via to:

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1 James Gunvaldsen Klaassen Sarah McDonald Hollis Street Halifax, NS B3J 3N4 Tel: ext 643 Fax: File No.: 1006 November 5, 2018 Sent via to: Minister Andrew Parsons 4th Floor, East Block Confederation Building P.O. Box 8700 St. John s, NL A1B 4J6 Dear Minister Parsons: Re: Indian Head Hatchery expansion s 107 appeal Please accept this letter as an appeal under section 107 of the Environmental Protection Act, SNL 2002, c E-14.2 [EPA] of your decision to release the Indian Head Hatchery Expansion Project (Registration 1975) from further environmental assessment. We write to you on behalf of our clients, who are listed as follows: Atlantic Salmon Federation Canadian Parks and Wilderness Society, Newfoundland and Labrador Chapter Centre for Long-term Environmental Action in Newfoundland For A New Earth Freshwater-Alexander Bays Ecosystem Corporation Port Au Port Bay Fishery Committee Salmonid Association of Eastern Newfoundland Alan Pickersgill John Baird Wayne Holloway Each of these organizations and individuals is deeply concerned about the ongoing dramatic expansion of aquaculture in Newfoundland and Labrador, and your government s failure to

2 properly assess and manage the environmental impacts of that expansion. Your decision to release the Indian Head Hatchery Expansion Project is but the latest example of a decision made without proper scrutiny, with the aim of facilitating the growth of the aquaculture industry. Your decision to release the Hatchery Expansion Project from further environmental assessment under the EPA is unlawful and must be set aside. The Hatchery Expansion was improperly registered under s 49(1) of the EPA, as you did not require the Proponent to register the entire undertaking. To be properly scoped and registered, the undertaking must include not only the Hatchery Expansion itself, but also the associated increase in salmon smolt transferred to open net pens and farmed in the Province s coastal waters. We respectfully request that you revoke this decision and require the Proponent to submit a properly scoped Environmental Registration document which includes all of the essential project components. Your decision was made on September 4, 2018, and was announced to the public, including our clients, on September 6, A PDF copy of the Government of Newfoundland and Labrador webpage outlining the chronology of the project s progression through the environmental assessment process is attached as Appendix A to this appeal. I. Overview of the Environmental Protection Act environmental assessment scheme (a) The purpose of Part X of the EPA The purpose of Part X of the EPA, which contains the Act s provisions on environmental assessment, is to protect the environment and quality of life of the people of the province and to facilitate the wise management of the natural resources of the province. 1 The provisions in Part X must therefore be interpreted to facilitate the attainment of this purpose. This approach to statutory interpretation is mandated by s 16 of the Interpretation Act, 2 which states as follows: Every Act and every regulation and every provision of an Act or regulation shall be considered remedial and shall receive the liberal construction and interpretation that best ensures the attainment of the objects of the Act, regulation, or provision according to its true meaning. The Newfoundland and Labrador Court of Appeal has similarly described the accepted approach to the interpretation of provincial statutes as follows: The approach to interpretation of provincial statutes in this jurisdiction is to ascribe to the words used a meaning that reconciles those words with all other indicators of meaning, including the mischief against which the remedial nature of the statute is directed as well as the context of the surrounding legislative text and 1 Ibid, s RSNL 1990, c I of 10

3 related statutes and the social context of the provision, and by inference therefrom, the purpose or object of the provision under consideration [ ] 3 (b) The registration and assessment process As you know, s 48 of the EPA prohibits any person from proceeding with an undertaking unless that undertaking has been exempted or released under the EPA. All undertakings must be registered under s 49 of the EPA. This provision states that an undertaking shall be registered in the form and with the content prescribed by the minister [ ]. As confirmed by Newfoundland and Labrador s Supreme Court in Atlantic Salmon Federation, you may refuse to register an undertaking if the proponent does not provide sufficient information. 4 Although neither the Act itself nor the EA Regs provide any explicit guidance as to the content that must be included in a proponent s registration documents, we respectfully submit that your discretion to determine the necessary content cannot be absolute. The purpose of Part X demands, at a minimum, that you receive sufficient information on all aspects of a proposed undertaking to make a fully informed decision as to whether that undertaking may have significant negative environmental effects. In other words, you must require the proponent to register the entire undertaking you cannot allow potentially damaging components of the undertaking to be hived off and hidden from your scrutiny. Once the undertaking is registered fully and appropriately, you must determine whether: (a) an environmental preview report is required; (b) an environmental impact statement is required; or (c) the undertaking may be released from further environmental assessment. 5 This determination is made on the basis of criteria outlined in Part II of the Environmental Assessment Regulations, 2003, NLR 54/03 [EA Regs]. Your decision letter of September 4, 2018, does not indicate the basis on which you released the Indian Head Hatchery Expansion Project from further environmental assessment. II. The entire undertaking must be registered We respectfully submit that both the EPA and common law principles require both the land-based hatchery and marine farming components of the Indian Head undertaking to be registered for environmental assessment. (a) Connected actions In Atlantic Salmon Federation, Newfoundland and Labrador s Supreme Court adopted a test from the Federal Court s decision in Conseil des Innus 6 to determine whether two projects are connected actions that should be scoped together for the purpose of environmental assessment. 3 Dwyer v Bussey, 2017 NLCA 68 at para Atlantic Salmon Federation (Canada) v Newfoundland (Environment and Climate Change), 2017 NLTD(G) 137 [Atlantic Salmon Federation]. 5 Environmental Protection Act, SNL 2002, c E-14.2, s 51(1). 6 Conseil des Innus de Ekuanitshit v Canada (Procureur général), 2013 FC of 10

4 We respectfully submit that the hatchery and marine farming components of the proposed Indian Head Hatchery Expansion meet this test. The Court in Conseil des Innus pulled from the Operational Policy Statement ( OPS ) under the pre-2012 Canadian Environmental Assessment Act. The OPS established that two projects that are considered connected actions should generally be scoped together for the purposes of environmental assessment. Two projects will be considered connected actions when (1) one project is automatically triggered by the other; (2) one project cannot proceed without the other; or (3) both are part of a larger whole and have no independent utility if considered separately. 7 The hatchery expansion and marine farming elements of Marine Harvest s project are undoubtedly connected actions. As the company states explicitly in its Environmental Registration of the Indian Head Hatchery expansion, Marine Harvest cannot obtain enough smolt to fully utilize its open net pens without expanding the Indian Head Hatchery. For example, the Environmental Registration contains the following statements: The proposed Project is necessary to improve capacity and quality of Atlantic salmon smolt produced to fully utilize licensed [Northern Harvest Sea Farms] saltwater farms. 8 If the [Indian Head Hatchery] is not expanded and improved upon, smolt production and smolt size will be limited to current levels and salmon production potential on licensed sea cages site will not be fully realized. 9 Likewise, it is unclear what utility could be attributed to the expansion of smolt production at the Indian Head Hatchery if the proponent cannot transfer the fish to open net pen sites once they have reached an adequate size. The hatchery and marine farming components of the Indian Head Hatchery Expansion Project are undoubtedly connected actions as per the test adopted by the Supreme Court in Atlantic Salmon Federation. We must therefore consider, as did Justice Butler in Atlantic Salmon Federation, 10 whether you had the discretion to split these connected actions and register only the hatchery component. (b) Section 29 of the EA Regs Section 29 of the EA Regs mandates the registration of both the hatchery and marine farming components of the Indian Head Hatchery Expansion Project for environmental assessment under the EPA. That provision states as follows: 29. An undertaking that will be engaged in farm raising fish or shellfish where that undertaking will intervene in the rearing process to enhance 7 Atlantic Salmon Federation, supra note 1 at paras 72, Edwards and Associates Limited & Mel-Mor Science, Environmental Registration for Northern Harvest Smolt Ltd., Stephenville, NL (July 2018), p 2 [Environmental Registration] 9 Ibid, pp Atlantic Salmon Federation, supra note 1 at para of 10

5 production by keeping the animals in captivity, stocking and feeding the animals and protecting the animals from predators including (a) fish or shellfish farming in salt or fresh water; and (b) fish or shellfish breeding and propagating or hatchery services, where the undertaking will include the construction of shore based facilities other than wharves or storage buildings [ ] shall be registered. It is unclear from your announcement whether the Hatchery Expansion Project was originally registered under this provision. A copy of the Environmental Assessment Bulletin with the registration announcement, dated July 17, 2018, is attached to this appeal as Appendix B. Section 29 of the EA Regs mandates the registration of all components of the undertakings described in that provision for environmental assessment. Section 29 requires registration for environmental assessment for hatchery services and fish farming in salt water. Section 29 draws a clear connection between salt water farming and hatchery services connected with that farming. Such an undertaking shall be registered, whether or not the company has already obtained licences for some of its infrastructure under the Aquaculture Act. Further, as per the test adopted by Justice Butler in Atlantic Salmon Federation, the hatchery and marine farming components of the Indian Head Hatchery Expansion Project are connected actions. A purposive interpretation of s 29 therefore requires that both components be considered a single undertaking for the purposes of this provision. Indeed, to allow you to hive off the marine based component of the Indian Head Hatchery Expansion Project or any similar project would entirely undermine the function of this provision. Essentially, it would permit you to completely avoid the operation of s 29 where convenient for the Proponent. As the hatchery and marine farming components must be considered a single undertaking, the effect of s 29 is to require that both be registered for environmental assessment under the EPA. (c) The common law We further submit that the common law principles adopted by Justice Butler in Atlantic Salmon Federation dictate that you do not have the discretion to split the hatchery and marine farming components of the Indian Head Project. The three factors analyzed by Justice Butler in this context are examined in turn below. (i) Same proponent Marine Harvest is the proponent of both the hatchery expansion and the associated marine farming activities. The EPA defines a proponent as [ ] a person who (i) carries out or proposes to carry out an undertaking, or (ii) is the owner or person having charge, control or management of an undertaking EPA, s 45(h). 5 of 10

6 The Indian Head Hatchery expansion project was registered by Northern Harvest Smolt (NHS). NHS is a wholly owned subsidiary of Northern Harvest Sea Farms (NHSF), which operates Marine Harvest s open net pens. Both corporations are, in turn, owned by Marine Harvest. 12 Marine Harvest acquired Northern Harvest in early July 2018, and made public statements at that time indicating that the acquisition would allow Marine Harvest to significantly expand its salmon production in Newfoundland. A number of news articles containing statements to that effect are attached as Appendix C to this appeal. The Indian Head Hatchery expansion project is entirely financed by Marine Harvest. 13 In Atlantic Salmon Federation, Justice Butler accepted that Grieg NL Nurseries Ltd and sister company Grieg NL Seafarms Ltd were the same proponent for the purposes of the environmental assessment of their proposed undertaking. 14 It appears that this point was not contested by the respondent Minister. Likewise, Marine Harvest is a proponent of both the Indian Head Hatchery expansion project and the associated marine farming activities. (ii) Timing Marine Harvest s expansion requires simultaneous construction of the hatchery expansion and development of its marine farming capacity. In Atlantic Salmon Federation, Justice Butler noted that a similarity in the timing of associated projects may increase the likelihood that splitting project components for the purposes of environmental assessment is unreasonable. 15 Marine Harvest (via NHSF) currently owns 33 licensed open net pens around Newfoundland. 16 A list of active open net pen and hatchery sites in Newfoundland, including those owned and operated by NHSF, is attached to this appeal as Appendix D. This list was produced by the Department of Fisheries and Land Resources in response to a request for information made under the Access to Information and Protection of Privacy Act in April, A map plotting the locations of the NHSF s net pen sites is also attached as part of Appendix D. A number of Marine Harvest s open net pen sites received their leases and/or licenses for operation within the last 18 months. At least one lease application was reactivated by NHSF as recently as May Six applications by NHSF to renew cancelled lease applications, dated June 2017 to May 2018, are attached to this appeal as Appendix E. Appendix E also includes related documentation, such as the leases themselves and relevant correspondence between NHSF and government staff. Marine Harvest s Environmental Registration document does not indicate whether it will be transferring smolt from the expanded Hatchery to these recently leased sites. 12 Environmental Registration, supra note 8, p Ibid, p Atlantic Salmon Federation, supra note 1 at paras Ibid at paras 122, Environmental Registration, supra note 8, p of 10

7 Marine Harvest claims that the expansion of its Indian Head Hatchery will allow it to fully utilize its existing open net pen sites meaning that the sites will contain greater numbers of salmon as a result of the Hatchery expansion. Although many of the open net pens may already be licensed to contain portions of the additional 2.2 million fish produced by the expanded Hatchery, the open net pens will not, and cannot, receive this influx of fish until the Hatchery expansion is operational. Marine Harvest has also recently applied for four new open net pen licenses in Facheux Bay, Newfoundland. 17 The licensing process for these new net pens is ongoing, running concurrently with the development of the Hatchery expansion. Marine Harvest has not explicitly stated that these new open net pens will receive smolt from the expanded Indian Head Hatchery. However, in the company s Environmental Registration for the Hatchery expansion it indicates that it cannot expand its current level of salmon production in Newfoundland in the absence of an expanded Hatchery. 18 It is therefore reasonable to assume that some, if not all, of the smolt that will be raised in the company s new open net pens will originate from the expanded Hatchery. (iii) Avoiding environmental scrutiny An important factor to consider when assessing whether two components of a project should be scoped as a single undertaking for the purpose of environmental assessment is whether separating them would allow one component to avoid environmental scrutiny. 19 As Justice Butler noted in Atlantic Salmon Federation, in order to fulfill the purpose of the EPA the environmental impacts of all components of an undertaking must be considered [ ] in a careful and precautionary manner with meaningful public participation. 20 In this case, Marine Harvest s failure to include the marine farming component within the scope of its Hatchery expansion project for the purpose of environmental assessment means that the addition of 2.2 million smolt to the Province s marine environment will receive little to no environmental scrutiny. The company s Environmental Registration suggests that the additional smolt will be transferred to its existing licensed open net pens. Unfortunately, it fails to indicate which of its 33 existing sites will receive smolt from the expanded Hatchery, and in what quantities. The company does not mention the four new open net pen licence applications at all. The intended destination for smolt raised in the expanded Hatchery is vital information without which the Minister cannot properly assess the environmental impacts of the Hatchery expansion. We understand that the 33 existing open net pens are already licensed to contain more salmon than they currently hold, and will not require any further review before receiving smolt from the expanded Hatchery. These pens are licensed under the Province s Aquaculture Act, RSNL 1990, c A-13. The licensing process under the Aquaculture Act does not involve a consideration of the environmental impacts of each license in a careful and precautionary manner with meaningful 17 The Notices of Aquaculture License Application for these sites are attached as Appendix F to this appeal. 18 Ibid, p Atlantic Salmon Federation, supra note 1 at paras Ibid at para of 10

8 public participation. In contrast to the EPA, the Aquaculture Act does not speak at all to the Minister s consideration of environmental impacts or to public participation during the licensing process. We understand that the Province s standard practice is merely to require license applicants to disclose environmental concerns and/or conflicts and to provide a brief comment period for people residing in close proximity to a proposed open net pen. A PF copy of the Fisheries and Land Resources Department s Aquaculture Licensing webpage is attached to this appeal as Appendix G. The addition of 2.2 million farmed salmon to provincial coastal waters is a significant increase in numbers. Your decision to release the Indian Head Hatchery expansion project from further environmental assessment without requiring the proponent to provide detailed information about the associated marine farming activities allows Marine Harvest to escape environmental scrutiny of this significant expansion in marine farming simply because the salmon in question will be transferred to existing open net pens. This is directly contrary to Part X of the EPA and the ESA Regs. As noted above, Marine Harvest has also recently submitted four applications for additional aquaculture licenses at the same time as it is developing the shore-based Hatchery expansion. The information available to us suggests that smolt from the expanded Indian Head Hatchery may be transferred to these new open net pens. Although the Province could arguably require Marine Harvest to register these open net pens for environmental assessment under the EPA, your current practice is not to conduct environmental assessments for any open net pens in the absence of associated land-based infrastructure. Attached as Appendix H to this appeal is your response to Bill Bryden s section 107 appeal, in which you state that [ ] an undertaking involving marine sea farms is required to be registered only where there is the construction of shore-based facilities. III. Risks of the Minister s failure to conduct a proper environmental assessment Your failure to require Marine Harvest to register both the hatchery and associated marine farming components of its project for environmental assessment will undoubtedly mean that the significant increase in farmed smolt transferred to coastal waters will escape proper environmental scrutiny. This is particularly troubling in light of the critical and well-recognized threats posed by open net pen salmon farming to Newfoundland and Labrador s wild salmon populations. Attached as Appendix I to this appeal are COSEWIC s 2010 Assessment and Status Report on the Atlantic Salmon, COSEWIC s 2015 clarification note for its 2010 assessment, and DFO s 2012 Recovery Potential Assessment for the South Newfoundland Atlantic Salmon (Salmo Salar) Designatable Unit. Each of these documents notes in clear terms that open net pen salmon farming poses numerous threats to wild salmon populations. For example, the DFO Recovery Potential Assessment states as follows: Concern is based on the potential for negative interactions that can result from inter-breeding and subsequent loss of fitness, competition for food and space, disruption of breeding behaviour, and transmission of disease 8 of 10

9 and parasites. Even small numbers of escaped farmed salmon have the potential to negatively affect resident populations, either through demographic or genetic changes in stock characteristics. There have been many reviews and studies showing that the presence of farmed salmon results in reduced survival and fitness of wild Atlantic salmon, through competition, interbreeding and disease. 21 The addition of 2.2 million farmed salmon to Newfoundland s coastal waters undoubtedly has the potential to negatively impact the health of the Province s wild Atlantic salmon populations. You cannot, and should not, allow this vital component of Marine Harvest s Indian Head Hatchery expansion project to escape proper environmental scrutiny. IV. Conclusion For the reasons outlined above, we believe that your decision to release the Indian Head Hatchery Expansion Project from further environmental assessment is unlawful. We request that you revoke this decision and require Marine Harvest to submit a properly scoped Environmental Registration document for review and assessment under the EPA. We look forward to hearing from you on this matter. Sincerely, James Gunvaldsen Klaassen Barrister & Solicitor Sarah McDonald Barrister & Solicitor ON BEHALF OF: Atlantic Salmon Federation, per Dr. Stephen Sutton CPAWS Newfoundland and Labrador, per Mary Alliston Butt Centre for Long-term Environmental Action in Newfoundland, per Paul Rowe 21 Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Recovery Potential Assessment for the South Newfoundland Atlantic Salmon (Salmo Salar) Designatable Unit, Canadian Science Advisory Secretariat Science Advisory Report 2012/0007, p of 10

10 For A New Earth, per Barry Stephenson Freshwater-Alexander Bays Ecosystem Corporation, per John Baird Port au Port Bay Fishery Committee, per Bill O Gorman Salmonid Association of Eastern Newfoundland, per James Dinn Alan Pickersgill John Baird Wayne Holloway c: susansquires@gov.nl.ca Encl. Appendices 10 of 10

11 APPENDIX "A"

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14 APPENDIX "B"

15 Municipal Affairs and Environment July 17, 2018 Environmental Assessment Bulletin The Honourable Andrew Parsons, Minister of Municipal Affairs and Environment, has announced the following events relative to Part 10 Environmental Assessment of the Environmental Protection Act. UNDERTAKINGS REGISTERED: Northern Brook Forage and Pasture Land (Reg. 1974) Proponent: Sunshine Investments Inc. The proponent is proposing to develop 200 hectares for forage and pasture land approximately four kilometres north of Botwood and adjacent to Northern Brook. The construction will include clearing and grubbing with a commitment to a 50-metre buffer to be maintained around all water bodies and to avoid vegetation clearing during migratory birds nesting, breeding, and brood rearing season. Lime, seed, and fertilizer will be applied to the cleared land with no plans to use herbicides. Manure will be stored and applied to the land in association to rotational grazing. The main water supply for livestock throughout the pasture lands will be from artesian wells. The five-year schedule includes having the land cleared and mulched during the seasons. The undertaking was registered on July 17, 2018; the deadline for public comments is August 21, 2018; and the minister s decision is due by August 31, Indian Head Hatchery Expansion Project (Reg. 1975) Proponent: Northern Harvest Smolt Ltd. The proponent is proposing to expand the Indian Head Hatchery in Stephenville. The expansion will provide smolts to the licensed sea cages that belong to Northern Harvest Sea Farms. The project is intended to improve production capacity and quality of salmon smolts produced for the company and to increase salmon aquaculture production for the province. The project includes: upgrades to improve efficiency of the existing facility; expansion of the hatchery; and new supporting infrastructure such as freshwater and saltwater supply and effluent treatment and discharge. The undertaking was registered on July 17, 2018; the deadline for public comments is August 21, 2018; and the minister s decision is due by August 31, Learn more Environmental Assessment Division - toll-free at or by mail: Department of Municipal Affairs and Environment

16 Fourth Floor, West Block, Confederation Building P.O. Box 8700, St. John's, NL A1B 4J6 Public comments may be forwarded to: Environmental assessment information: Follow us on Media contact: Erin Shea Municipal Affairs and Environment ,

17 APPENDIX "C"

18 10/25/2018 Expansion of Indian Head Salmon Smolt Hatchery undergoing environmental assessment Business The Telegram - n- Exhibition(/sports/hockey/exhibitio game against game-against-senators- Senators will-highlight-toronto- maple-leafs-2019-stay-in will highlight Studded tires permitted in Newfoundland as of Nov. 1 (/news/regional/stud tires-permitted-innewfoundland-as-ofnov /) Easter Health urges everyo to get shot Expansion of Indian Head Salmon Smolt Hatchery undergoing environmental assessment Frank Gale (frank.gale@thewesternstar.com) (mailto:frank.gale@thewesternstar.com) Published: Jul 22 at 9:09 p.m. Facebook Twitter More This photo shows a section of the Indian Head Salmon Smolt Hatchery in Stephenville which is to be expanded if an environmental assessment gets approval from the Minister of Municipal Affairs and Environment. - Frank Gale 1/8

19 10/25/2018 Expansion of Indian Head Salmon Smolt Hatchery undergoing environmental assessment Business The Telegram Plans are in the works for an expansion to the Indian Head Salmon Smolt Hatchery located near Port Harmon in Stephenville. Northern Harvest Smolt Ltd. has applied to Municipal Affairs and Environment to carry out the expansion, which provides smolts to the licensed sea cages that belong to Northern Harvest Sea Farms. Although the operation has been purchased by Marine Harvest, in Stephenville the company is still operating under Northern Harvest Smolt Ltd., and in the Coast of Bays Region under Northern Harvest Sea Farms. Related stories: Building on its success ( /) Half a million more: Northern Harvest Smolt hatchery increases production ( A company representative, who didn t want to be named, confirmed Northern Harvest Smolt has submitted documents to the provincial government to modernize and expand its hatchery facility in Stephenville. This land based production facility will be comprised of the latest in recirculation technology and will allow Northern Harvest Sea Farms to fully utilize its licensed marine sites. Marine Harvest has a commitment to innovation, environmental performance, and sustainable growth of aquaculture on the east coast of Canada, with significant investments planned for Newfoundland. The spokesperson said the first step for this growth involves opportunities in Newfoundland and Labrador to grow the industry, starting with improving and expanding the Stephenville facility to provide more and better quality smolt. As part of the expansion, there will be more tanks at the facility to grow the smolt larger and introduce them to salt water before they are shipped off. The industry is now using larger smolt and by bringing salt water in to the operation in Stephenville, it creates an environment in the hatchery for the fish to be larger and better fit to transition from fresh to seawater. The estimated cost of the work in Stephenville will be about $51 million, which will involve more sophisticated technology, employment in the building phases and more long term employment once the expansion goes into operation. All expansion leads to business opportunities on sea and on land in the province, the spokesperson said. It s a wonderful thing for fish farming when people from Newfoundland can earn a living on or near the water. The Department of Municipal Affairs and Environment indicated the undertaking for the expansion was registered on July 17; the deadline for public comments is Aug. 21; and the minister s decision is due by Aug /8

20 10/25/2018 Marine Harvest completes deal for Northern Harvest Undercurrent News Advertisement X Marine Harvest completes deal for Northern Harvest By Jason Smith July 3, :50 BST Marine Harvest has of cially completed the acquisition of Canadian salmon farmer Northern Harvest Sea Farms, despite initial fears that competition regulators would raise concerns. Norway's Marine Harvest closed the deal, rst reported by Undercurrent News and announced in December 2017, effective July 3, the company said in a securities ling. Last month, Marine Harvest, the world's largest salmon farmer, received a "noaction letter" from Canada's Competition Bureau, paving the way for a sale. "This means that we can proceed with closing the transaction," Marine Harvest said in the ling. In April, Undercurrent reported that Marine Harvest CEO Alf-Helge Aarskog, did not foresee regulators taking issue with his company s plan to acquire Northern 1/4

21 10/25/2018 Marine Harvest completes deal for Northern Harvest Undercurrent News Harvest, which has salmon aquaculture operations in the Canadian provinces of New Brunswick and Newfoundland and Labrador. In fact, Aarskog has said the deal will increase competition, not reduce it. We don t know when it [the Northern Harvest deal] will be approved. We have our timelines and the competition bureau will, in due course, do its job, Aarskog told Undercurrent earlier this year. "If the deal goes through on the east side of Canada, we have the possibility to grow. We have the hatchery. We didn t get the smolt with the Gray [Aqua Group] acquisition, so it [getting Northern Harvest] was important to get access to smolt. It s very hard to get the eggs for Newfoundland. They have narrow criteria," said Aarskog. The announcement of the deal was soon after followed by news that Northern Harvest was experiencing issues with infectious salmon anemia (ISA). "We believe that this acquisition will increase competition. More salmon will be produced and thus more salmon for the consumer. Marine Harvest does not have production on the east coast, in practical terms Canadian sh produced on the east coast is sold on the east coast and salmon produced on the west coast is sold on the west coast, he said. Back in January, analysts and industry sources told Undercurrent that they felt the CAD 315 million ($248m) deal could fall afoul of the country's competition authority, however. That's if the powers that be assess the salmon sector on a national, not coastal basis. At the time, Marine Harvest did not respond to a request for comment from Undercurrent. The company does not currently farm at all on the east coast of Canada but has been acquisitive in order to build a sizable operation in the Maritimes. At the start of 2017, Marine Harvest acquired Gray Aqua Group, which currently holds nine licenses on the east coast of Canada. Marine Harvest has said it plans to build an organization capable of producing 15,000-20,000 metric tons per year with the assets in Newfoundland. If the Northern Harvest deal is approved, the company plans to combine the two as Marine Harvest Atlantic. The teaser circulated in the sale process for Northern Harvest gave 13,770t as the estimated production level for 2017, with the targets for 2018 and ,877t and 19,573t, respectively. On the west coast of Canada, Marine Harvest produced 39,000t in Its target for Canadian production for 2018 is 46,000t. 2/4

22 10/25/2018 Marine Harvest completes deal for Northern Harvest Undercurrent News The total Canadian production for 2017 is forecast to be 137,000t and 146,000t in So, even adding Northern Harvest to this and excluding the longer-term plans with Gray, Marine Harvest would have over 40% of total Canadian production. Northern Harvest growth potential According to the Northern Harvest sale teaser, the company has scope to expand its production to as much as 40,000t on its current licenses. Northern Harvest owns in aggregate 45 licenses in two regions on the east coast of Canada, with 33 licenses in Newfoundland and 12 licenses in New Brunswick. According to the teaser, which is from July, addition 13 additional licenses have been applied for and Northern Harvest s management expects at least three new approvals in the coming 12 months. Northern Harvest currently has a harvest capacity of 25,000t with existing licenses and infrastructure, according to the teaser. A large part of the projected growth is already in the water with biomass equal to 20,000t harvest in Investments during 2017 in broodstock and hatcheries allow for higher smolt capacity and better quality, increasing capacity to 30,000t, the teaser states. Also, investments in automated feeding systems will reduce operational costs, improve feed conversion ratios, and provide critical scalability for future growth, it continues. In order to hit 40,000t, additional investments in hatchery expansions as well as access to an additional wellboat (charter/purchase) will be required, states the teaser. Tightlipped on ISA On April 4, Undercurrent reported that combination of Canadian government documents and satellite imagery suggest Northern Harvest's recent discovery of ISA at one of its salmon facilities on the coast of Newfoundland was just the exposed point of a much larger outbreak. Northern Harvest, however, disputed this. "There has been multiple testing [for ISA] done on all farms over the past 60 days and all results are negative," Larry Ingalls, Northern Harvest's CEO, told Undercurrent. 3/4

23 10/25/2018 Marine Harvest completes deal for Northern Harvest Undercurrent News The message was the rst response by Northern Harvest to multiple calls and s after the Newfoundland and Labrador Department of Fisheries and Land Resources (DFLR) con rmed that ISA was detected at the company's Spyglass Cove farm, near the town of Pool s Cove. A review by Undercurrent of DFLR records showed the nearly 50-acre site, with 15 net pens capable of holding a million salmon, likely received four transfers of smolts from three different hatcheries in One shipment from Northern Harvest supplier Dartek Hatchery, in Nova Scotia, was scheduled between Oct. 16 and Nov. 30. As Undercurrent reported in early March, at least 500,000 young salmon had to be culled at the Dartek plant after ISA was detected there, as well as another 100,000 to 200,000 at another hatchery that had accepted a transfer from Dartek. The common thread means Dartek could've been the source of Spyglass s ISA contamination, which is potentially bad news for at least three other Northern Harvest farms off the coast of Newfoundland that had permits to take transfers from the hatchery in Each is capable of holding about 1m sh, based on government records and satellite imagery. Contact the author jason.smith@undercurrentnews.com 2018 Undercurrent News. All rights reserved. 4/4

24 10/25/2018 Marine Harvest to spend 30m on Newfoundland hatchery - FishFarmingExpert.com ADVERTISEMENT Menu ADVERTISEMENT Home News Marine Harvest to spend 30m on Newfoundland hatchery Marine Harvest to spend 30m on Newfoundland hatchery Northern Harvest Sea Farms has sites in Newfoundland and New Brunswick. Photo: Northern Harvest Marine Harvest is planning to invest CAD51 million ( 30m) to expand and modernise a hatchery in Newfoundland, Canada. 1/9

25 10/25/2018 Marine Harvest to spend 30m on Newfoundland hatchery - FishFarmingExpert.com By Editors ADVERTISEMENT The company acquired the hatchery, at Port Hampton, Stephenville, as part of the CAD315 ( 183m) purchase of Northern Harvest, which continues to operate under the Northern Harvest name. The hatchery operates as Northern Harvest Smolt and has applied for planning permission under that name. In a statement, Marine Harvest said the expanded facility will be comprised of the latest in recirculation technology and will enable Northern Harvest Sea Farms to fully utilise its licensed marine sites. Signi cant investments It added: Marine Harvest has a commitment to innovation, environmental performance, and sustainable growth of aquaculture on the east coast of Canada, with signi cant investments planned for Newfoundland. This investment supports the Government of Newfoundland and Labrador s Way Forward commitment to grow salmon aquaculture production to 50,000 tonnes. Marine Harvest will continue to invest to meet this target, supporting increased employment in the hatchery, at the sea sites, processing plants and in the supply and service sector. Hard to get eggs 2/9

26 10/25/2018 Marine Harvest to spend 30m on Newfoundland hatchery - FishFarmingExpert.com Until the acquisition of Northern Harvest was approved by regulators earlier this month, Marine Harvest hadn t farmed sh in Atlantic Canada, but had been buying up licences so it can do so. In early 2017 it acquired Gray Aqua Group, which has nine licences. Alf-Helge Aarskog, Marine Harvest chief executive, has previously said that acquiring Northern Harvest s smolt facility allowed the company the possibility to grow, as no smolt came with the Gray purchase. It s very hard to get eggs for Newfoundland. They have narrow criteria, said Aarskog. The company has not said how many smolts the expanded facility at Port Hampton will produce. ADVERTISEMENT Published :48 (Updated :56) Marine Harvest Canada Northern Harvest Newfoundland Related articles 3/9

27 APPENDIX "D"

28

29 Government of Newfoundland and Labrador Department of Fisheries and Land Resources FLR/58/2018 May, 17, 2018 Dear Applicant: Re: Your request for access to information under Part II of the Access to Information and Protection of Privacy Act FLR/58/2018 On April 19, 2018, the Department of Fisheries and Land Resources (FLR) received your request for access to the following records: I would like a map or a table listing the lats and longs showing the leases sites and hatcheries for fin fish aquaculture in NL; who owns them and how many cages can be maximally placed in each marine and freshwater site. The type and number of fish that can maximally be placed in each site and the current number of fish stocked at each site. The figures would be for Dec 31, Please be advised that a decision has been made by the Deputy Minister for FLR to provide full access to the requested information. FLR releases fish stock numbers in aggregate as per the Fisheries Act. This information is available at You will find a copy of responsive material attached. Please be advised that you may appeal this decision and ask the Information and Privacy Commissioner to review the decision to provide partial access to the requested information, as set out in section 42 of the Act (a copy of this section of the Act has been enclosed for your reference). A request to the Commissioner must be made in writing within 15 business days of the date of this letter or within a longer period that may be allowed by the Commissioner. Your appeal should identify your concerns with the request and why you are submitting the appeal. The appeal may be addressed to the Information and Privacy Commissioner as follows: Office of the Information and Privacy Commissioner 2 Canada Drive P.O. Box 13004, Stn. A St. John s, NL. A1B 3V8 Telephone: (709) Toll-Free: Facsimile: (709) You may also appeal directly to the Supreme Court Trial Division within 15 business days after you receive the decision of the public body, pursuant to section 52 of the Act (a copy of this section of the Act has been enclosed for your reference). P.O. Box 8700, St. John s, NL, Canada A1B 4J6 t f

30 -2- Please be advised that this letter will be published following a 72 hour period after the response is sent electronically to you or five business days in the case where records are mailed to you. It is the goal to have the responsive records posted to the Office of Public Engagement's website within one business day following the applicable period of time. Please note that requests for personal information will not be posted online. If you have any further questions, please contact me by telephone at or by at JasonWhiteway@gov.nl.ca Sincerely, Jason Whiteway ATIPP Coordinator Right of access 8. (1) A person who makes a request under section 11 has a right of access to a record in the custody or under the control of a public body, including a record containing personal information about the applicant. (2) The right of access to a record does not extend to information excepted from disclosure under this Act, but if it is reasonable to sever that information from the record, an applicant has a right of access to the remainder of the record. (3) The right of access to a record may be subject to the payment, under section 25, of the costs of reproduction, shipping and locating a record. Access or correction complaint 42. (1) A person who makes a request under this Act for access to a record or for correction of personal information may file a complaint with the commissioner respecting a decision, act or failure to act of the head of the public body that relates to the request. (2) A complaint under subsection (1) shall be filed in writing not later than 15 business days (a) after the applicant is notified of the decision of the head of the public body, or the date of the act or failure to act; or (b) after the date the head of the public body is considered to have refused the request under subsection 16 (2). (3) A third party informed under section 19 of a decision of the head of a public body to grant access to a record or part of a record in response to a request may file a complaint with the commissioner respecting that decision. (4) A complaint under subsection (3) shall be filed in writing not later than 15 business days after the third party is informed of the decision of the head of the public body.

31 -3- (5) The commissioner may allow a longer time period for the filing of a complaint under this section. (6) A person or third party who has appealed directly to the Trial Division under subsection 52 (1) or 53 (1) shall not file a complaint with the commissioner. (7) The commissioner shall refuse to investigate a complaint where an appeal has been commenced in the Trial Division. (8) A complaint shall not be filed under this section with respect to (a) a request that is disregarded under section 21 ; (b) a decision respecting an extension of time under section 23 ; (c) a variation of a procedure under section 24 ; or (d) an estimate of costs or a decision not to waive a cost under section 26. (9) The commissioner shall provide a copy of the complaint to the head of the public body concerned. Direct appeal to Trial Division by an applicant 52. (1) Where an applicant has made a request to a public body for access to a record or correction of personal information and has not filed a complaint with the commissioner under section 42, the applicant may appeal the decision, act or failure to act of the head of the public body that relates to the request directly to the Trial Division. (2) An appeal shall be commenced under subsection (1) not later than 15 business days (a) after the applicant is notified of the decision of the head of the public body, or the date of the act or failure to act; or (b) after the date the head of the public body is considered to have refused the request under subsection 16 (2). (3) Where an applicant has filed a complaint with the commissioner under section 42 and the commissioner has refused to investigate the complaint, the applicant may commence an appeal in the Trial Division of the decision, act or failure to act of the head of the public body that relates to the request for access to a record or for correction of personal information. (4) An appeal shall be commenced under subsection (3) not later than 15 business days after the applicant is notified of the commissioner s refusal under subsection 45 (2).

32 Type Licence # Species Licencee Location Latitude Longitude Approved ## cages FFM 77 ST Northern Harvest Sea Farms NL Ltd. Roti Bay Site 1, South East Cove n/a 8 FFM - finfish marine FFM 127 AS Northern Harvest Sea Farms NL Ltd. Strickland Cove FFFW - finfish fresh w FFM 155 AS, ST Northern Harvest Sea Farms NL Ltd. Lou Cove n/a n/a HAT - Hatchery FFM 201 AS, ST Northern Harvest Sea Farms NL Ltd. Man Of War Cove FFM 317 ST Nova Fish Farms Inc. Roti Bay Site n/a 7 HAT 377 AS, RT Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. Daniel's Harbour X FFM 462 ST, ACH Bonne Bay Fish Farms Inc Jersey Cove, Bay d'espoir n/a ST - Steelhead FFM 500 ST Nova Fish Farms Inc. Muddy Hole, Bay d'espoir AS - Atlantic Salmon FFFW 637 AS, RT Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. Long Pond, Hermitage n/a n/a RT - Rainbow Trout FFM 673 AS Northern Harvest Sea Farms NL Ltd. Blackfish Cove, Little Passage ACH - Arctic Char FFM 751 ST Nova Fish Farms Inc. Roti Bay Site n/a CN - Cunners FFM 752 ST Nova Fish Farms Inc. Hardy Cove, Bay d'espoir n/a LU Lumpfish FFM 781 AS Northern Harvest Sea Farms NL Ltd. Seal Nest Cove AC - Atlantic Cod FFM 823 ST Nova Fish Farms Inc. Arran Cove FFM 826 AS, ST Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. The Matchems FFM 833 AS, ST Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. Seal Cove FFM 836 AS, AC Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. North West Cove, Hermitage Bay FFM 840 AS, ST, CN, LU Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. Sugarloaf Island, Great Cullier Bay FFM 841 AS, ST Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. Pot Harbour, Goblin Bay FFM 842 AS, ST Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. Manuel Arm, Bay d'espoir FFM 865 AS, AC Northern Harvest Sea Farms Inc Ironskull Point FFM 867 AS, ST Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. Grip Cove, Little Passage FFM 869 AS, ST Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. Robin Hood Cove, Little Passage FFM 875 AS Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. Herring Cove FFM 876 AS Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. North of Killbuck Cove FFM 877 AS Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. Wild Cove, Bonne Bay FFM 881 AS Northern Harvest Sea Farms NL Ltd. Spyglass Cove (Cinq Islands Bay) FFM 882 AS Northern Harvest Sea Farms NL Ltd. Spoon Cove, Belle Bay FFM 883 AS Northern Harvest Sea Farms NL Ltd. Cinq Island Cove, Belle Bay FFM 885 AS, AC Northern Harvest Sea Farms Inc McGrath Cove South, Belle Bay FFM 886 AS, AC Northern Harvest Sea Farms Inc McGrath Cove North, Belle Bay FFM 888 AS, AC Northern Harvest Sea Farms Inc Belle Island, Belle Bay

33 FFM 939 AS Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. Olive Cove FFM 944 ST Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. Margery Cove, Bay d'espoir FFM 954 AS Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. L'Anse au Flamme FFM 976 AS Northern Harvest Sea Farms NL Ltd. Tilt Point, Cinq Island Bay, Fortune Bay FFM 978 AS Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. Chapel Island, Fortune Bay FFM 991 AS, AC Northern Harvest Sea Farms NL Ltd. Harvey Hill East, Northeast Arm FFM 993 AS, AC Northern Harvest Sea Farms NL Ltd. Harvey Hill North, Northeast Arm FFM 996 AS Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. Belle Harbour Mouth West FFM 997 AS Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. Back Cove FFM 998 AS Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. Farmer's Cove, Chapel Island FFM 999 ST Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. Roti Bay Site FFM 1002 AS Northern Harvest Sea Farms NL Ltd. Hickman's Point, East Bay, Fortune Bay FFM 1007 AS Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. Saddle Island FFM 1009 AS Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. Doctor's Hr., Belle Bay, Fortune Bay FFM 1010 AS Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. East of Belle Island, Belle Bay, FB FFM 1011 AS Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. East of Grandy Rock, Chapel Island, FB FFM 1012 AS Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. Bottle Hill, Fortune Bay FFM 1013 AS Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. South of Farmer's Cove Head, Chapel Is FFM 1014 AS Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. South East of Chapel Island, Fortune Bay FFM 1045 AS Northern Harvest Sea Farms NL Ltd. Broad Cove, Northeast Arm FFM 1046 AS Northern Harvest Sea Farms NL Ltd. South East Bight FFM 1048 AS Northern Harvest Sea Farms NL Ltd. Salmonier Cove, Great Bay de l'eau FFM 1049 AS Northern Harvest Sea Farms NL Ltd. Dog Cove, Great Bay de l'eau FFM 1050 AS Northern Harvest Sea Farms NL Ltd. Steamers Head FFM 1051 ST Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. Curley Cove FFM 1052 ST Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. Hatcher Cove FFM 1053 ST Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. Pomley Cove FFM 1054 ST Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. Northwest Cove, Bay d'espoir FFM 1058 ACH Nordic Salmon Co. Inc. Lee Cove, Bay D'Espoir FFM 1059 ACH Nordic Salmon Co. Inc. Shoal Cove, Bay d'espoir HAT 1061 AC, CN Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. Belleoram X FFM 1062 ST Nova Fish Farms Inc. Roti Bay Site FFM 1063 ST Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. Roti Bay Site FFM 1064 ST Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. Roti Bay Site

34 FFM 1065 AS Northern Harvest Sea Farms NL Ltd. Red Cove, Great Bay de l'eau HAT 1067 AS Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. Swanger Cove X FFM 1068 ST Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. Ingram Point FFM 1069 ST Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. Taylor Island FFM 1071 AS Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. Bobby Herring Cove FFM 1072 AS Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. Green Point FFM 1073 AS Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. Herring Cove, Hermitage Bay FFFW 1074 AS Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. Long Pond Site FFM 1075 AS Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. Fish Cove FFM 1076 AS Cold Ocean Salmon Inc. Rattling Brook FFM 1080 AS Northern Harvest Sea Farms NL Ltd. Deep Water Point FFM 1081 AS Northern Harvest Sea Farms NL Ltd. Rencontre East Island FFM 1082 AS Northern Harvest Sea Farms NL Ltd. Old Woman's Cove FFM 1083 AS Northern Harvest Sea Farms NL Ltd. Little Burdock Cove FFM 1084 AS Northern Harvest Sea Farms NL Ltd. Benny's Cove FFM 1085 AS Northern Harvest Sea Farms NL Ltd. Foshie's Cove FFM 1086 AS Northern Harvest Sea Farms NL Ltd. The Hobby HAT 1087 AS Northern Harvest Smolt Ltd Stephenville X FFM 1088 AS Northern Harvest Sea Farms NL Ltd. Murphy Point FFM 1090 AS Northern Harvest Sea Farms NL Ltd. Deer Cove HAT(O) 1109 TP Lester Farms Inc 92 Pearltown Road X FFM 1121 AS Northern Harvest Sea Farms NL Ltd. Harvey Hill South

35 APPENDIX "E"

36 121 ~OIU'-' -t- 'Q "'l y -t- ~ I'-{ Ye>.,.~..,- ~ a:. ~~ ';)44 $ ~ 10. ~o C\ u~ ~ { l1 Newf9J'dl.and Labrador LEASE FOR AQUACULTURE Government of Newfoundland and Labrador Department of Asherles and Lend Resources N Under tbe provisions of Sccuon 3 of the T.andl Ad, Chapter 36 of tbe Statutes of Newfoundland and Labrador, 1991, as amended, Her MllJCSIY the Queen in Rlgbt of Newfoundland and LabrBdor (hereinafter called the "Crown") represented herein by the r looouroblc the Minister of Fi<hcries and Land Re11ources for the Province of Newfoundland and l;1bnu!ot (bereinancr called the " Mi nis ter~) does hereby I.EASE and DEMISE unto NORTHERN HAR\ EST SEA FAR~ l\fwfoiindj.anl> LTD. m the Province of Newfoundland and Labrador (hereinafter called the "Lessee") its suoccssors and assigns ALL THAT piece or paroel of land situate ond being al Bennyii Covt (hereinafter called the "demised premises') as more plllticularly described m Schedule A and delinea1cd in Schedule B attached hereto (which schedule11 are part of these presents), togelhor with the appurtenance., EXCEPTINC AND R SERVING ncvenheless out of tjus ~nt Lease to the Crown all l'1udcrls both metallic and oon-me1albc, hmestone, srao1te, slate, n:wblc, g~um. marl. clay, sand, gravel, building stone, volcan.1c ash, peat, coal, salt. natural gas, naturally occurrinj: 011 and rclaled hydrocarbons in and under the demised P!.~.s TO ~VE AND TO 801.D tbc dcauscd premisci unto the Lessee for the term of SO years from thc 2 15 day of :JU tie A.0 2/)lf, SU8.JECT to the rese1v0tion. terms aod eond1llons hereinafter set ou~ YI El.DING AND PAYlNC unto the Crown, subject to the reui.i revwon cl1u5e hercin11.fter appeanng, as the pncc and coos1derauon of the said Lease. lhc sum of $96.00 per yur paynble on the day of UI each ycac, the fint payment to be made oo the execuuon of tlus Lease Thu Lease ii renewable upoo applicallon subject to the tcruu and eondnion. U1 effect at the lime of n:newal; PROVIDED ALWAYS that lhc Lessoe covi:nanl.'l and agree» to comply in all re-;pccts to the temu l10d conditions 115 outlined in Schedule C of the6e present&; PRO\ JUED ALWAYS that if tbe Lcs.o«, 1& successors or a'<t~ shall make default U1 the pe:rl'onnallcc of any of the provi~ 1 ons or cond 1Jons herein eontamcd then this Lease shall be null and void and the demised pre~ shall rcven to the Crowo and the Crown 11S servants or agc111:1 rnay itn.medjatel)' enter on and take ~ ion of the same freed from all liability. PROVIDED ALWAYS that the Lessee, its successors or m ii;ns. hereby forever releases the Mimsler, bis or her ~crvants and agcnis, from any and all!jab1hty ansing from or related to any defect and/or Oll\l$$1on that may be 1denhfied i.o the survey description and/or plan attached hereto as Schedules A and B The Lessee further agrees that it shall have no recourse agai!ist the Mrnisler, bis or her servants or agents, if the SSJd survey d<:scnption Md/or plan fur the demised prellllscs arc found to be defective in any way. PROVIDED ALWAYS that except for the demised premiseb, lhe 1&6uanec of this Lease by the Minister does nol couslillllc an acknowledgement of any right, bile or interest ID or to lldy of the other panics identi.6ed in the survey dcsenption and plan attached hereto as Sebcdul~ A lllld B.

37 122 IN WlfNF.SS WHEREOF the Parties have executed this Indenture. 40(1)- SlGNED AND SEALED by the Muuster offisbenes and Land Resourccs and the Seal of the Department ofrisberies and Land Resources was affixed on the Z4 9S-- day of ~ Ill ~ ANDREW PIKE A CommllSiollflt' for Oaths In end for the ProvinC8 of Newfoondland and Labrador. My commission lljlll"' k on the 31st day of December tc 40(1) SJGNI.:O AND S ALED by the Lessee on the ~ 'f day of 111 the M ta.v cqm.v&~ '5>c.o.\

38 SCHEDULE " A H All that piece or parcel of land covered by water situate and being at Bennys Cove, abutted and bounded as follows, that is to say: Beginning at a point on the southerly side of a forty ( 40) meters wide Navigation Channel reserved along the southeasterly shoreline of Mal Bay at low tide, the said point having NAO 83 coordinates 5,282, meters and east 370, meters: Thence through the Waters of Mal Bay, south eighty-two degrees three minutes forty-two seconds east (S BT 03' 42" E) two hundred forty decimal zero z.ero zero { ) meters; Thence through the Waters of Mal Bay, south seven degrees fifty-six mmutes eighteen seconds west (S 07" 56' 18" W) five hundred decimal zero zero zero ( ) meters; Thence through the Waters of Mal Bay, north eighty-two degrees three minutes forty-two seconds west (N sz 03' 42" W) two hundred forty decimal zero zero zero ( ) meters; 10cnce through the Waters of Mal Bay, north seven degrees fifty-silc minutes eighteen seconds cast (N OT 56' 18" E) five hundred decimal zero zero zero ( ) meters more or less, to point of beginning and being more particularly shown and delineated on attached plan; The above described land contains an area of twelve decimal zero zero zero (12.000) Hectares more or less. All bearings are being referred to the meridian of fifty-six degrees west longitude of the Three Degree Modified Transverse Mercator Projection Zone 2 NAD83 for the Province of Newfoundland & Ubrador. Job No

39 124 SCHEDULE "B".J L NAVIGATION CHANNEL 40mWIDE CIP 2003 S0'28'M"W m STARTING PT N 5, m E 370,067.89Clm ,.,, WATERS OF MAL BAY 11 SHORELINE AT ORDINARY LOW WATER ~ AREA= Ha. SHORELINE AT ~ORDINARY LOW WATER NAVIGATION CHANNEL 40mWIDE NAVIGATION CHANNEL 40mWIOE WATERS OF MAL BAY S MTM COOROl~TES STATION NORTHING 93G5054 5,282, m 9.3G5055 :S. 282, m CIP 2001 CIP 2002 CIP 2003 CIP ,064.SOSm m 5,282, m 5,282, m EASTlNG 347, lm 347,:S23.484m 370, m 369, m 370, m 370, m CIP m 370,404.SMm STARTING PT , m 370, m SCALE FACTOR ~ NAJI.. 0 IRON PlN 0 CAPPED IRON Fd FOUND LINEAR MOOUREMENT HORIZONTAL GROUND DISTANCES CENTRAL MERIDIAN 56 00' oo W 140 1) --. -~ ~..,~-z '. I. '..- "-... '. I -# DATE: AUGUST 31, 2015 APP. NO SCALE JOB NO RED INDIAN SURVEYS LIMITED 1:

40 125 SCRF.DULE "C" I. The Lessee shall at all times ~ a valid aquaculture hcencc L~iU«l under the Aquarulture Act 2 The demi9ed premises shall be used solely for the estabhstunent and maintenadce of aqwu;ulture for the lemt of the Lease. 3. The rent reserved as set out in this Leue shall be subject to l'cvicw every five (5) yeajs, wuh the upwanl revision (1f any) not to exceed I 00% of the annual amount levied during the immediately preceding year. 4. The demised premises shall not be a.'!signed or conveyed in whole or in pan, without the prior written consent of the Minister and then only on such terms and upon payment of such fees as lho Minister may prescribe And it is further agreed that this consent IS not required v.berc the whole of the demised prcliubcs only is being assigned solely for mortgage purposes. 5. The use of the demised prem.jscs will, for its 111tended purpo..e, be tubjecl to and m accordance wilh all provincial acts and regulations respecting lhe promotion of efficient aquaculwre and en\iu'onroental control 6. Che l.easee will not permll the denmcd prenurcs to be 1001JCrativc for its intended purpose for a period in excess of three (3) consecutive )'eal's. 7. The demised prell'.ll5cs shall be held under and subject to alj rcgulauons and prow.tons of the Lands Act, Cb.apter 36 of the SIAtute$ of Newfoundland and Labrndor, J 991, u amended, and to such statutes and regulation~ a~ are now in force or wb1ch may at lldy lime hereafter be IMde by law for tbe IDlJ>COVement or cultivation of lands withm the ProVU1Ce of Newfoundland and Labrador. 8. Should the LelSee Wl!h to tcmunate this Lease, the Lessee shall submit notice to that effect to lhe Mmister and six (6) months aflct date of receipt of such notice the herein demised premises will revert to the Crown. 9 Tbc Lessee hereby agrees that upon cantcllntion or ooo-rcnewal of this Lease, the deoused prellllses shall be restored 10 a condillon satisfactory to the Minister. which rc.-<torat1on shall mclude the removal of aji buoy&. moonug Imes, UllChon., Ooabng strucrurcs and any other n.ems placed or installed in or on the dcin1sed preuuses, AND 1f the Le5soc fails to restore the demised premises to a satlsfactory condttaon. the MU11Stcr may do so and the oosts 111,WTCd by the M101ster ID talon& this action shall be a debt due the Crown by the Lcs.9ee. JO. Floa11ng wallcwayi; extending to shore will not be considered ns occupying a part of the dern!jed prcmi~~ unlil such walkways extend over water exceeding twelve ( 12) metres depth at low water 11. All buo)ll>, moonng l.ulcs and :anchors must be contained witlun the demised prembes of the Lea.se 12. At least six (6) metres of water must exist between the ocean floor and the bottom of the netted cncl0$uj'c at low tide. 13. The locahon and operatiou of the nqunculturo fac1htics must not interfere with the nght of oav1gauou. 14. The l..e$see sha!j mdemnify and save harmless the Crown against any loss, cost or dama~ rcsultmg dtrcctly or mdirectly from the Le$sco'1 use or oc~upation of the demised premises. IS. The Lessee must obt.ald all oeccs.wy pemuls from the Go\/Cfllment Sen.ice Ceotn:, Department of Service NL 16. This Lease shall be governed by IUld con.~trucd in accordance with the laws of the Province of Newfoundland and Labrador

41 J COVEKNMBN'I OP NF.WFOUNnlANO AND lj\rrao()r Department of Environment and Conservation APPLICATION FOR CROWN LANDS G'JS luf o fl/'! ~ ~ V I~ f lf <7{ EQR PEPABTMENI USE ONLY APPUCAllON NO. I ) lb ~ I ~ RECEIPT NO 1}j ~ ~ c ~(P. M v ) FJL.E NO. Jo~ < t..\'\ \ ~ AMOUNT l l 3 DATE Av6 tl J d-ol DATE REGISTERED _...k,,..._o._ \ -----)1--~Q.._~o~Ui----- INDICATED ON Pl.AN NO INITIAL TOPO NO INITIAL APPLICATION INFORMATION N L. L+d.. MllDLE l'iame CfTYfTOWN PROVINCE N l- BUSINESS \"El PHOtlE PROPOSED TENURE AND USE TYPE OF APPUCATION I.ANO USE 0 <>AANT 0 UC1:NCE TO OCCUPY RESIDENCE 0 COTTA<* AOUACut.1Ufl D AORICUl.Tl.IAE(prowde delallsbelowl [_] COMMERCW. (pto.idd d9lalled dlfall*!n blllow) D OTHER (pr!mde dol&ls ~) DESCRIBE OUWINGS TO BE EAfCTEtl (rt llj!)leablej PROPOSED WATER AHO SEWAGE FACll ITIES (IJ ~I 0 wru 0 septic 0 MUNICJP.Al WAWI 0 MUNOPAL S8YEll ~TtlER!Pr0!dl delm b91ow} MuinL 4.t.m(cd loi..ld i ~~-=--~'f---'l~~--~~~~~----~~~~!

42 127 LAND DESCRIPTION THE lan.d IS SlTUA TEO AT I IN THE eu:crooal DISTRICT OF /\PPROXIMA'!'E OIMENS!ONS Of THE I.ANO FRONT-'GE DISTANCE TO CLOSESTWATERSOOY IS THE SITE ACCESSIBLE BY ROAD? Dyes IF NO. WIU. TliE SIT.: fleq\jire HEW ROAD CONSTRUCTION FOR ACCESS? NO FOR SITES W!TliOVT ROAD ACC SS. PLEASE INOICA'Tl: NtmtOO OF lfwispolltation O wauong 5w IF YES, YOO MUST ENCLOSE A MUNICIPAL RECOMMENDATION FORM If YES, YOU MUST ENClOSE A MUNICIPAL RECOMMENDATION FORM HQli: nfls FORM IS AVAll.ABl.E F"ROM THE MUNICIPAL COUHCIL, REOIO~ I.ANOS OfFICE. 6 GOV!RNMENT SERVICE CEHTRES IF \"ES, WHAT WIU. 6 THE APPROXIMATE U!NGnf OF 'l)!e ROAD'> FOR SITES WITHOUT ROAD ACCESS, LOCATION Of ACCltSS ROUTE MUST BE INDtCATEO ON THE MAP... TT ACHED TO TI-IE APPllCllTION ANO ACCESS av A. T.V MUST 81! IN ACCOF\OANC WITH A.T.V R QUl.AT10NS. IS THf SITE PRESENTI.Y OCCU~D. FENCES. 8UllOINGS. SIGNS. CUARING. l.ocal.ijn~stanoing? OYes 1-F_ YE_S_. -ST-A-~-YEAA --~---:n-on_com _ M_EN_C_EO. ARE.A occupl E_O_AA_ D_ HAME OF:--P-EASON~ :--WHO -,-O,...E""v-E-lOP!: ~..,. o""'oa.,...,, OC""':coP.,..,- IEO 'OiE LANO AAE YOU AWARE Of Nf( E"l\OENCE OF PREVIOVS I.ANO USE. 6VCff AS D ri,/ EHCES. 9Ull.OINGS. SIGNS. C\.EAAING. 1-0CAL UN0ERSTN4DING ETC.? YE.S u.:t1io IF YES, STATE YEAR OOCIJPl'ITION COMMENCED. AREA OCCUPIED ANO N~e OF PERSON WHO OINElOPEO OR OCCUPtEO THE LAND DESCRIPTION OF LANI> Please Note: When vour apphcattoo is accepted by this Oepar1met11 you are requited to identify!tie Site In th11 field by clearly mazking your comer posts ti there 1s a discfepancy between the area martced In me field and the area indicated on the map. the latter shall prevail Sketch the land applied for showing distance to prominent nearoy l~tures such as bulldings, fences. road lotersectlons. Map must also be attached BOUNOEO SOUNDED ON SOUlli 8V 80\JNOEO ON EAST BY 90lJNOED ON WEST BY P!. ASE NOD:: IT IS THE POLICY OF THE CROWN LANOS DIVISION TO ACCEPT APPUCA TIONS ON A ARST COME, FIRST SERVE BASIS. Af>PUCATIONS MUST 6E FULLY COMPt.fTEO, WITH A WP SHOWING THE EXACT 1.0CAT!ONS OF THE LANO APP.UEO FOR TOGETHER WITH THE Af>?UCATION FEE. THE APPROVED MUNICIPAL RECOMMENOATION FORM FROM COUNCIL. IF APPUCASI., MUST Al.SO BE ATTACHED. OMY THEN WILL THE APPLICATION BE ACCEPTED ANO DEEMED REGISTEAABLE BY TH1S DEPARTMENT

43 128. ' SKE1'CH ' USE nie /\REA 8ELOW TO Sl<ETCH THE I.ANO APPUEO FOR ~ DISTANCE TO PROMINENT NEAAOY FEATURES SUCH AS 8UIU>INGS. FENCFS. ROAD 1Nl' 11SEC'TlONS WI' MUST ALSO BE ATTACHED. AFFIDAVIT OF APPLICANT (to be r.. d carefully) 1, t:kt_.h.ar._n./k'-'"-_11"""<'.--'~~-~--~-m-'s_tj_l_i_~_d_~_ do hereby mal<e oath and declare as follows (a) The 11lformauon contained in lhls appllcatjon is true and C01Tect to the best of my knowledge and beltef (b) I have inspected the land applied for and have found no EMdence of occupation (With ttie exception of No 6 and/or No 7 on page 1, Where applicable). (c) I am not aware of any adverse clatm to the land applied for by any person(s). (d) I recogn12:0 and accept thal I am solely re1pona1ble ror correctly identifying the parcel or land that is the subject Of this appl1cation. (e) (I) (g) I fully undersland that acceptance of this application by the Department does not give me any rights or priveleges In relatton to the land under application I FULLY UNDERSTAND THAT THE LAND IS NOT TO BE OCCUPIED UNTIL I RECEIVE A FUUY EXECUTED TITLE DOCUMENT. I FUU. Y UNDERSTAND THAT, UNDER SECTION 1~ OF THE LANDS ACT, THE MINJSTER OF GOVERNMENT SERVICES AND LANDS MAY CANCEl OR REFUSE THIS APPllCATION Irr HIS OR HER DISCRETION AT AAY TIME PRIOR TO THE DELIVERY OF A FULLY EXECUTED TITLE DOCUMENT Swom.4j;.me. At aj...be,.? fiqr; A nolw'ofundable processing fee of ONE HUNDRED DOLLARS ($ plus 15% H.S.T. tor a total al $115.00) mu&i dcc<lmpany this application. Cheques or money orde<s are to be made payable to the NEWFOUNDLAND EXCHEQUER ACCOUNT. SANORA COX A Commrasioner for Oerms In Ind for the Province of Newfoundland and labrldor My commla8lon oxplres on December 31, 2013.

44 129.. B>R peparjment USE ONLY summafty OF AGENCY REFERRALS Approved 0 Government Service Centre Mines Branch D Transportation Branch 0 Urban and Rural Planning Division D Munlcipal Assessment Agency 0 0 Envilonmental Asse&Sment Division D ~Water Resources Division Oepl. of Fisheries and Aquaculture D Agriculture Branen 0 Refused D 0 D 0 D 0 0 Forestsy Branch D D 0 Wildtrte DMS1on 0 0 D Pat1<s Division 0 D 0 Municipal Authority Fisheries and Oceans (Federal} 0 D D Toun$Tl Development Ol\lision D 0 o. 01her 0 0 D Other D D Officers Comments: LUA CW.ct..RJ. 0 Comments Attached 0 D Date Sent Date Ree.lved Page4 0 ~'O G 1 2ol\ fa"'tl n a \'.~ 0 0 D 0 D 0 D Dale Rtc2mmaodat!on of Reglgnal Oltlce: 0 Approved (Complete secuon below) 0 Refused (Give reason) --.,.. ":'.. :; :,..: ''.... Dale Reglallll i.arioa Mana;ef U This aectlon to be completed by Reglona.t Office when approval ts recommend, "".L ~ Areaepproved \'i.. QO"'i\ Frontage 6"oO Cooa'tderatlon/Rental_!}jj h1:ji Back.'RentaJ ~ Lease 0 Grant 0 Licence D Other D Type t\'lu D.(u.\;\\IA'& Cabinet approval required 0 Yes 0 No Special instructions to surveyor (rl any): Departmental decision: ~roved D Refused D Deferred 0 To C<i>met $peclalinstructions: ~ ~~~--- --~---- Olleclor of Lands Management

45 130.. FQR QEPARJMENI USE ONLY. l Page5 Special CondlllOns of Approval Date Regional Lllnda Marwgor Special Tltle Cond1bons Date Regional Lands Managet

46 REACTIVATION OF CAN.CELLED APPLICATION Appr'teation No. \33'~\L\ A b t-&gva ity~ ~ -G..t _rn...;;; S File No. ~5Y Cl I firlt NllM Middle Neme Femily Name?o &>x -eo, )~ cm.in 3re&e1 St b\ hl.n~ Ao\-\ & c= u M6'1JMdrNI Recommendation of Regionel Office: 0 Approved (Complete sectlon below) D Refused (Glvt reason) Dlt RegJoneJ lands Manager Thia section to be completed by Reglona! Office when 1pprov1l ls r~mended. Alee approved \ '1. \\a, Frontage '5C<) ca CoMld.. 1tlOA/Rental l\9. 00(-t ~~) t..e.. Q Grant 0 Permit 0 Other 0 Type ~ 114( u t\\).!e.. C.blntt approval ttqufred? YesO NoO Ust pedo1 conditions to~ Included tn title document Of any): Spedal lnstructjona to aurveyor (If anyt: Mnllt8tl dedslon: ApprovecSEr RtfusedC DeferredC 4 0( 1 ) ToceblnttO Specf~lnsvuctlont:~ f.-----~~ Dote Authorlled Of fldll

47 o::\:i>,./1...)1..j '\"' ~ \ ~. ~b \4'-T Government of Newfoundland and Labrador Department of Flsherles and Land Resources N PJ it= '8 % d- 4 ""' ~~o t :io C\u l\j. t ~ I ' 7 LEASE FOR AQUACULTURE Under the provisions of Section 3 of the Lands ACI, Chap\er 36 of the Starutes of Newfoundland and Labrador, 1991, 3ll amended, Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Newfow1dland and Labmdor (hereinafter called the "Crown") reprc~ented herein by the Honourable the Minister of Fisheries l'llld Land Resources for the Province of Newfoundland and Labrador (hereinafter called the "Milllstcr") does hereby LEASE and DEMISE unto ORl 'RERN HA.RVt:ST SEA FARMS NEWFOUND LANO LTD. in the Province of N~wfoundland and Labrador (hereinafter called the "Lessee") its successors and assigns ALL THAT piece or parcel of land situate and being at Deer Cove, Little Panage (hercmafter called the "demised premises? as more particularly dcscnocd in Schedule A and delineated in Schedule B attached hereto (which schedules arc part of these presents). together with the appurtenances,.excepting AND RESERVING nevertheless out of this present Lease to the Crown all mioera.ls both metallic and non-metallic, limestone, granite, slate, marble, gypsum, marl, clay,!181ld, gravel, building stone, volcanic llsb. peat, coal, salt, oatuml gas, naturally occwring oil and related hydrocarbons in and under the demised _premises TO HA VE AND TO BOLD the demised premise.~ unto the Lessee for the term of 50 yea.rs from the 'i--/ S1 day of JU 11 e do () A.O., SUBJECT to the ~rvatio o, temis and condiuoos hercmaftcr set out: YU:LDINC AND PA YING unto the Crown, SUbJCCt to the rental revision elallse hercmafter appearing, as the price aod consideration oflhc said Lease, the sum ofs88.00 per ycu payable on tbel.j~r day of ::fun< in each year, the first payment to be made on tbe execution of this Lease. This Lease is renewable upon 11pplication, subject to the terms and c<1nditions in effect al the time of renewal; PROVIDED ALWAYS that the Lessee coveoantll and agrees to comply in all respectb to the tcmjs and condmoru. as outlined w Schedule C of these presents, PROVIDED ALWAYS that if the Les=, its successon or assigns shall m3ke default in the performllnce of any of the provisions or conditions herein contained then this Lease shall be nuu and void and the demised premises shall revert to the Crown and the Crown its servants or agents may unmcdiately enter on and take possesnion of the same freed from all liability. PROVIDED ALWAYS that the Lessee, its successors or assigns, hereby forever releases tbe MinlStcr, his or her servants and agenta, from any and au liability arising from or related to any defect andlor omission th.at may be identified in the survey description and/or plan attached hereto as Schedules A and B. The Les..<:ee further agrees that it shall have no recourse again.~t the Minister, his or her sc:rvnnts or agents. iftbe said survey description and/or plan for the demised premises are found to be defective in any way. PROVIDED ALWAYS that ejccept for the demised premises. the issuance of this Lease by the Minister does not constitute an acknowledgement of any right, title or interest in or to any of the other parties identified in the survey description and plan attached hereto as Schedules A and B.

48 78 IN WITNESS WHEREOF the Parties have executed Ibis Indenture. SIGNED AND SEALED by the Minister offishenes and Land Resources and the Seal of the Department offishenes and Land Resource~ wasaffixcdonthc 'ii~ dayof J~ in the 40(1)- Witness ANDREW PIKE A Commissioner for Oaths in and lo< the Plovince of Newfoundlaod and Labrador. My conimission exp~son the 31st day of Ocaimber ~ I f' SIGNED AND SEALED by the Les_~cc on the {) "-/ day of rl\ 4 1 in the pre-.;ence of: 40(1) A. D\~ o l 7. 40(1) -,... l.o" 1Q ""' i C; eo. ~ Lessee

49 79 SCHEDULE " A II All that piece or parcel of land covered by water situate and being at Deer Cove, little Passage abutted and bounded as follows, that is to say: Beginning at a point on the northerly side of a forty (40) meters wide Navigation Channel reserved along the westerly shoreline of Deer Cove at low tide, the said point having NAD 83 coordinates of north 5,281, meters and east 310, meters: Thence through the Waters of Little Passage, north eight degrees twenty-two minutes fourteen seconds east (N 8 22' 14tt E) five hundred eighty seven decimal one four zero ( ) meters; Thence through the Waters of Deep Cove and along the westerly limit of a reserved navigational Channel forty (40) meters wide, for a distance of approximately eight hundred eighty (880) meters more or less, to point of beginning and being more particularly shown and delineated on attached plan; The above described land contains an area of ten decimal six seven five (10.675) Hectares more or less. All bearings are being referred to the meridian of fifty-six degrees west longitude of the Three Degree Modified Transverse Mercator Projection Zone 2 - NAD83 for the Province of Newfoundland & Labrador. App. No Date: August 31, 2015 Job No

50 80,L. CIP _10 la> NIO "'I. ~~ --.>,... NA\/\GA1\0N Cl-IANNEL 4ocnWlOE WA1ERS OF U"llLE. PASSAGE tjsllng 3 ).(l\.i cqoroiw.ies ST,b.1\0N NORTf\\NG 3\o, m 5,zsa \m 3' o !'0 93G5008 5,2se,2es.994m 3\0,037A\6m 93G5009 5,28'.355 ' 4sm 3\0,\29 591m S'f,b.1{11NG Pi. CIP ,28\,98\.633m 3\Q,0:30.6\6m CIP 4QO\ 5,28\ se;,a\ f,b.eior = u- """"""'"" W.IL 0 IRON Pll-1 0 CAPPED \RON Fd f'oun'd w>r<l01'1"- GROIJ ll DIS1'NC<S c~ MERIQIAN 56' oo' oo w J06 NO REO \NO\AN survf.'(s Lil OAiL,ti..UGUSi ~.-. 1',)()_ ~

51 81 SCHEDULE "C" 1. The Lessee shall at all times possess a valid aquaculture licence issued under the Aquaculture Act. 2. The demised prolluscs shall be used solely for the establishment and maintenance of aquaculture for the term of the Lease. 3. The rent reserved as set out in this Lease shall be subject to review every five (S) years, with the upward revision (if any) not to exceed I 00% of lhe annual amount levied during the immediately preceding yellf. 4. The demised premises shall not be assigned or conveyed in whole or in part, wilhout the prior written eon..'lellt of the Minister and then only on such terms and upon payment of such fees as I.be Minister may prescribe. And it is further agreed that this consent is not requj.ccd where the whole of the dem.ised premise.~ only is being a.~signed solely for mortgage purposes. S. The use of the demised premises will, for its intended purpose, be subject to 111Jd in accordance with all provincial acts and regulations respecting the promotion of efficient aquaculture and environmental cootrol. 6. fhe Lessee wi11 not permit the denmed prem.i es to be uiopenihvc for ts mtendcd JlW'POSC for a period in excess of three (3) consecutive years. 7. The demt.sed premises sbl1.ll be held under and subject to all regulations and provis1011$ of the Lands ArJ, Chapter 36 of the Statute..q of Newfoundlsnd and Labrador, 1991, as amended, and to such statutes and regulations as are now in force or which may at any thne hereafter be made by law for the improvement or cultivation oflands within the Province of Newfoundland and Labrador. 8. Should the Lessee wish to terminate this Lease, the Lessee shall submit notice to that effect to the Minister and six (6) months after date of receipt of such notice the herein demised premises will revert to the Crown. 9. The Lessee hereby agrees tbat upou cancellauon or non-renewal of lb.is Lease, the demised prenuses shall be restored to a condition satisfactory «> the Miruster. which restoration shall mclude the removal of all buoys, mooring lines, nnchors, floating structw'es and any other items placed or installed in or on th.e demised premises, AND iflhc Lessee fails lo restore the demised premises to a satisfactory condition, the Minister may do!io and the costs incurred by the MinistCT in talong this action shall be a debt due the Crown by the LcMOe 10. Floating walkways extending to shore will not be coos1dered as o.:cupymg a part of the demised prenuses until such walkways extend over water e~cecdiug twelve ( 12) metres depth at low water. 11. All buoys, mooring lines a.nd anchors must be contained withm the demised premises of the Leaso. 12 At leiut sijt (6) mem of water m tl~t exist between the ocean floor and the bottom of the netted enclosure at low tide. 13. The location and operation of the aquaculture facilities must not interfere with the right of navigation. 14. The Lessee shall indemnify Md save harmless the Crown against any loss, cost or damage resulting directly or indireotly from the Lesl;ee's use or occupation of the dt.'ll\ised premises. 15. The Lessee must obtain a.ii necessary permits from the Government Service Centre, Department of Service NL 16. This Lease shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the 'Province of Newfoundland and Labrador.

52 82 J\ ' /. GOVERNMENT OF NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR Deparbnent of Environment and Conservation APPLICATION FOR CROWN LANDS FOR DEPARTMENT USE ONLY APPLICATION N0,_ /_4_..0..._d._Or-- \ RECEIPT NO. FILE NO. ao d 5-qq 1 AMOUNT DAlE REGISTERED INITlAL 3:\0 \~ L dqi d Nkc f)~r~ /l ~ DA1E J@n. I ~ a 'tl INDICATED ON Pl.AN NO TOPO NO. INITIAL APPLICATION INFORMATION MAILING AOOAESS CIT'flTOWN B Po. o Y. (C/ D PROVINO; NL- MIOOLE NAME AAE YOU A RESIDENT Of lhe PACMNCE OF NEWF'OUNOlANO ANO l.asrador? n _,., L::::fVES HAVE YOU, YOUR SPOUSE, OR ANY DEPENDENT CHILDREN EVER APPLIED roa, OA RECEIVED LANO FROM THE CROWN? NE YOU A}I EMPt.OYEE Of THE OEPARTMfNT Of ENVIA "'M NT N'40 OONSFRVATION? D YES ONO IF YES, specify Tin.E NO(a) - PROPOSED TENURE AND USE TYPE OF APPLICATION LANO USE g(ease D RESIDENCE D COM"1ERCIAI. ~detllllod ~ below) D GRANT O comoe D LICENCE TO OCCUPV [J..fu'CULT\JRE 0 AGRICIJLTVAE (prollkje delais below) D OTHER (pro'"llde c below) OESCl'llBE 8Ull.OlNGS TO BE ERECTED (H applicable) DIMENSIONS 1 NG"Oi PROPOSED WATER ANO SF:WAGE FACILITIES (~ apphcsble) WIOTrl O weu D SEPTIC 0 MUMCl'Al. WATI:R D MUN CIPAL SEWER ffillier (pr0\'1de ~ belowl ~ri~e CLt~"1i to'1{'o f

53 83 LAND DESCRIPTION n-u: lano IS S4l\JA TEO AT Page2 IN THE ElECTORAL 01sm1CT OF ~~ r:-j.-- IF YES, YOU MUST ENCLOSE A MUNICIPAL i!!:j NO RECOMMENDATION FORM IF YES. YOU MUST ENCLOSE A MUNIClPAL RECOMMENDATION FORM ftqlji,; TKIS FOIW IS AVAll.ABJ.E FROM Tit MUNICIPAL COUNCIL, REGIONAL LANDS OFFICE, & GOVERNMENT SERVICE CENmES APPROXIMATE OtMENSJONS OF THE IANO 141'1,,- 1--~~~~~~~~~~~FRONT..:.:.::..:.:..:..:...:; AG-E~~=~v 3.~~5:...:-;::::-::;:-::;:~-~metnl6~~~~~~==::...::;,~i:;;:;;:;;====~:!.!!...:!!t.--.:..:._.:._.:.:::..Lj DIST~TOCLOSESTWATERBOOY IS THE SITE ACCt:SSIBLE BY ROAD? IF NO. Will. THE SITE REQUIRE NEW ROAD CON$ffiUCTION FQA ACCESS? FOR SITES WITHOUT ROAO ACCESS, PLEASE INDICATE METHOO OF TRANSPORTATION OwAUONG ~E f metres Lt. a.> IF YES. WHAT WlU. BE THE APPROXIMATE LENGTH OF me ROAD? 0 A.T'< BOAT 0 SNOWMOBILE D malfll8 AJRCRAFT FOR SITES WITHOUT ROAD ACCESS, LOCATION OF ACCESS ROUTE MUST BE INDICATED ON Tl-IE MAP ATTACHED TO THE APPLICATION ANO ACCESS BY A.T." MUST BE IN ACCORDANCE WITH A.T.V REGULATIONS. 1$ 11-lE SITE l'resent'l. Y OCCUPIED; FENCES, BUILOINGS, SIGNS, CLEARING, LOCAi. UNDERSTANDING? O ves IF YES, STATE YEAR OCCUW.TION COMMENCED. AREA OCCUPIED ANO NAME OF PERSON WHO DEVELOPED OR OCCUPIED THE LAND ARE YOU AWARE Of Nrr EVIDENCE OF PRE\llOLIS l.nid USE, SUCH AS Et-iCES. BUILOl~S, SIGNS, CLEAAING. LOCAL UNDERSTANDING, ETC.? O ves D NO IF YES, STATE YEAR OCCUA!\TION COMMENCED. AREA OCCUPIED ANO NANE OF PERSON WHO DEVELOPED OR OCCUP:EO THE I.ANO DESCRIPTION OF LAND Please Note: When your application 1s accepted by this Department you are required to Identify the site In the field by ciearty marking your corner posts. If there ts a discrepancy between the area marked 10 the field and the area indicated on the map, the latter shall prevail. Sketch the land applied for showing distance to prominent nearby features such as buildings, fences, road Intersections. Map must also be attached. BOUNDED ON NORTH BY BOUNDED ON SOUTtt BY (l BOUNDED ON EAST BY,, BOUNDED ON WEST BY ~ IT IS THE POLICY Of THE CR LANDS DMSION TO ACCEPT APPLICATIONS ON A ARST COME, FIRST SERVE BASIS APPLICATIONS MUST BE FUU.Y COMPLETED. WrTH A MAP SHOWING THE EXACT LOCATIONS OF THE I.ANO APPLIED FOR TOGETHER WTTH THE APPLICATION FEE. THE APPROVED MUNICIPAL RECOMMENDATION FORM FROM COUNCIL. IF APPWCABLE, MUST ALSO ae AITACHED. ONLY THEN WILL THE APPUCA TION ee ACCEPTED ANO DEEMED REGISTERABLE BY THIS OEPARTMENt

54 84 Page3 SKETCH use THE AAFA SF.LOW TO SKETCH THE U\M) APPUEO FOR SHOWiNG OISTANCE TO PROMINENT NEAASY FEATIJRES SUCH AS BUILDINGS. FENCES, ROAO INTERSECTIONS MAP MUST AISO BE A fl ACHED I, ~~~:i.u..j.. t-k..;:..:;..:~~~<;c,~k~reb~kali~i and declare as follows: (a) (b) The rm n con r n lcatlon is true and correct to the best of my knowledge and belief. I have inspected the land applied for and have found no ev1dence of occupation (wltti the exception of No. 6 andior No. 7 on page 1, where applicable). (c) I am not aware of any ac!verse claim to the land applied for by any person(s) (d) I recognize and accept that I am solely responslble for correctly Identifying the parcel of land that Is the subject of thrs application. (e) I fully understand that acceptance of this application by the Department does not give me any rights or prlveleges rn relatjon to the land under application. (f) I FULLY UNDERSTAND THAT THE LAND IS NOTTO BE OCCUPIED UNTIL I RECEIVE A FULLY EXECUTED TITLE DOCUMENT. (g) I FULLY UNOERS'mND THAT; UNDER SECTION 14 OF THE LANDS ACT, THE MINISTER OF GOVERNMENT SERVICES AND LANDS MAY CANCEL OR REFUSE THIS APPLICATION AT HIS OR HER DISCRETION AT ANY TIME PRIOR TO THE DELIVERY OF A FULLY EXECUTED TITLE DOCUMENT. KRISTA RUSSELL Swom before me At ~~~~~~...!O="-=-=-~~~~~-~~~~ 20,_~_ th IS \ \ A ~mmissioner for Oaths in and for the Pto~n~ of Newfoundland and Lab Official Administenng Oath HQlii A non-refundable processing fee of ONE HUNDRED DOLLARS ($ plus 15% H,S.T. for a total of $1 t5.00} must accompany this application. Cheques or money ordbis are to be made payable to the NEWFOUNDLAND EXCHEQUER ACCOUNT.

55 I. 85 SUMMARY OF AGENCY REFERRALS tj FOR DEPARTMENT USE ONLY ~ovemmant Service Centre mines Branch D D 0 Transportallon Branch D D D Urban and Rural Planning Division 0 D D D Munlclpal Assessment Agency D 0 D D Environmental Assessment DMslon D D D D Water Resources DMsion 0 0 g---dept. of Fisheries and Aquaculture D D Comments Date Date Approved Refused Attached Sent Received ~ 0 Agriculture Branch Forestry Branch D Wiidiife DMslon D D 0 0 Parks Division D D D 0 Municipal Authority 0 D 0 D Fisheries and Oceans (Federal) D D D 0 T ourisn Development Dtvision 0 0 D I Other D D 0 D Other 0 D D Officers Comments. ~ua C ulb:-e ~ Page4 Date Becommeodatlon of Regional Office: D Approved (Complete section below) 0 Refused (Give reason) o.te Regional Landi ~ Thia aoction to be completed by Regional Office When approval ta recommend&jv ~./ Area approved / {, i1 a Frorrtage g1i0 l"'1 Conslderatlon/R~~,...,. Back/Rental -,-_ ~ease 0 Grant D LIC6!1ce 0 Other 0 Type fe ~ ~~ Cabinet approval required 0 Yes ~o Special instructions to suneyor (If any): oog111tmental declalon; ~Approved D Refused D Deferred D To C<blnet Speci~ l nstructiofls : _ Pee, /~ 2o/2

56 86. Special Coodrt10ns of Approval FOR DEPARTMENT USE ONL V Page5 Date RlglOn8I Lands Manager Special Tl11 Condruons: Date Regional Lands Manager

57 , 87 REACTIVATION OF CANCELLED APPLICATION Appl'ication No. \L\()aO\ N~n First Name th~~ ~" _~ s Middle Name \)o f2n1 \C\C \:63 rn:l ~Yl ~'\. Mallng Addttss S-r-er\'mD2 Fite No. Q?S l\ Ci I FamftyNam Ao tt &Eo D1te and Time Received Receipt No. a\qqql\\ Amount \\3 00 O.t9 [)a+\ (p c9ol\ Datt Registered :5lLo \ ~ g OI Pl Initial Technicians Comments:.PC \ I~!'JK C kkacq. \\gc\.fur r-cn {f'µ471 d)j 8J,(vf'.,b O.te Regional Lands Ttehnlclln Recommencfetton of Aegionat orrice:. 0 Approved (Complete section. below) 0 Refused (Give rea$0n) Date Regtonal lands Manager TN1 section i~ be completed by Regional Ofrtce when approval Is recommended. Area approved \!a \M Frontage 'i3 \Oro -eo1j:s1ds11cl~ental {py 00 ( ~ W:rt) Leese El GrantCJ PermltO OtherO Type Au U.Ac.u\1uyg,... Cabinet approval rtqulrtd7 Yes a No D U.t ~al conditions to be Included 1n title document (If any): Spedel tnstructtona to SUMy«Of any>= t.fnbtera declafon: Approved 19-"" RerusedO Tocab1net0 Specfal Instructions: Date Autf\Qdzed OfRcfel

58 97 'llalco -t- '-" :>otu - ~.:1\ Y Yf o t4 ~T Newf9.tdland Labrador Government of Newfoundland and Labrador Department of Fisheries and Land Resources N LEASE FOR AQUACULTURE Under the provisions of Section 3 of lhe Lands Act, Chapter 36 of the Statutes of Newfoundland and Labrador, 1991, as amended, Her MaJ~ty the Queen in Right ofncwfouj1dlond and Labrador (here1jlllfter called the "Crown") rcp r~oted herein by the Honourable the Munster of F1shcm:s and Land Resource.~ for the Province of Newfoundland and Labrador (hercmafter called the "M111ister") dcxs hereby LEASE and OJ<;M!SF. unto NORTEfERN HA RVEST S ~:A fi ARMl> NJ:.W:JiOUNDLAND LTD. Ill the Province of Newfoundland and Labrador (hen:maftcr called the "I c:rc;ce") its ~cc~r.. and assigns ALL THAT piece or parcel of land situate and bemg at Fosbies Cove (hcrcmafter called the "deuuscd premises') as more pllrtlcularly dc5cnbed m Schedule A and deltneated in Schroule 8 attached hereto l which schedules are part of these presents), together with the appurtenances, EXCEPTING AND RESERVING nevertheless out of this present Lease 10 the Crown all minerals both metallic and non-melllllic. hmeatone, granite, slate, matble. ID'PSUJn. marl, clay, sand, gnivel, building stone, volcanic ash, peat, coal. ssh. natural gas. naturally occurrins oil and related hydrocarbons id and Ullder the demised preou5e$ TO RA VE Al\ D TO HOl,D the demised pn:mises unto the Le5see for the tenn of 50 years from the ZJ 5+ day uf June A.0 2f)J/, SUBJECT to the reservation. tcniis and conditions hereinafter set out, \ lelding ~'D PAYING un10 the Crown. subject to the rental rcvl.!1on clause hcreanallcr appeanng. as the price and con..werauon of the saad Lease. ~sum nfs per year payable on tht> day of in each year, the first payment IO be made on the execuuon ofthas Lca_,e Thi~ l~~ 1~ renewable upon epphcat1on. UbJcct to the terms and condjoons m effect at the tnne of renewal PROVIDED ALWAYS that the Lessee covenants &Dd agree~ to comply in au re~ts to the tenns and condlbons as nutlancd 111 Schedule C of these prc.~cnts. PROVIDED ALWAYS that af lhe ~. its successors or as~1gns shall moke default m the performance of any of lhe pro vision.~ or conditiolls herein contained then llus Leaso shall be nuu and vu1d and the demised premio;es shall revert to tbe Crown aod the Crown its servants or agents may mtmc:diutcly enter on and take posress1on of the!lame freed from all liabtllty. PROVIDED ALWAYS that the Les.see, its successors or a.~ lgns, hereby forever releases the Minister, his or her servants and 11gents, from any and all liability arising from or related to any defect end/or omission that may be identified in the survey description and/or plan attached ooreto as Schedules A and B. The Les_~ce further agrees that 1t shau have no recourse against the Minister, his or her!.crvanls or agents, tfthe said survey description and/or plan for the demised premises are found to be defective an any way. PROVIDED AL WAYS that except for the dellllsed prenuses, the lsswijlcc of this L.case by the Minl$ter does ool coll!ltltutc on acknowledgement of any right, title or interest Ill or to any of the other parues Identified io the survey description and plan attached hereto as Schedules A and B.

59 98 IN WITNESS WHEREOF the Parties have executed this Jndenrure 40(1) SIGNED AND SEALED by the Minister of Fisheries and Land Resources and the Seal of the Oepanment offishenes and Land Resources was affuted oo ic: ~I~ day of ~~ A.O. Zot:f-; M.:/or~::l..;:,_e.,.., ~ -- 40(1)- ANDREW PIKE A Commisslonef for Oaths in and fo< the PIO'lince of Newfoundland and Labrador. My COIMl:~p~nJ)! 1st day of SIGNED AND SEALED by the wsoe on the I} y day of i.n the resencc of: 40(1)

60 99 SCHEDULE A tt All that piec.e or parcel of land c.overed by water situate and being at Foshies Cove, abutted and bounded as follows, that is to say: Beginning at a point being located in the Waters of Mal Bay, the said point being the most northerly comer of herein described survey, the said point having NAD 83 coordinates of north 5,281, meters and east 369, meters: Thence through the Waters of Mal Bay, south sixty-four degrees fifty minutes six seconds east (S 64 50' 06" E) three hundred eighty eight decimal zero six five ( ) mett:rs; 11ience through the Waters of Mal Bay, south twenty-fivt: degrees nine minutes fifty-three seconds west (S 25 09' 53" W) one thousand thirty three decimal six seven six ( ) meters; Thence through the Waters of Mal Bay, north sixty-three degrees fifty-six minutes forty-five seconds west (N 63 56' 45" W) three hundred eighty eight decimal one one two ( ) meters; Thence through the Waters of Mal Bay, north twenty-five degrees nine rninuws fifty-three seconds east (N 25 09' 53" E) one thousand twenty seven decimal six five two ( ) meters more or less to point of heginrung and being more particularly shown and delmcated on attached plan; The above described land contains an area of thirty rune dectm:il nine nine six (39.996) Hectares more or les.'i. All bearings are being referred to the meridian of fifty-six degrees west longitude of the Three Degree Modified Transveise Mercator Projection Z:One 2 NAD83 for the Province of Newfoundland & Labrador. App. No August 31, 2015 Job No (1)

61 100 ~ SHORELINE AT ORDINARY LOW WATER 11 SCHEDULE "B".J L WATERS OF MAL BAY SHORELINE AT ---ORDINARY LOW WATER AREA "' Ha. WATERS OF MAL BAY WATERS OF MAL BAY WATERS OF MAL BAY :S MTU COORDINATES STATION NORTHING 93G GS055 CIP 2006 CIP 2007 CIP ,89'4.801 m 5,282, m 5,281, m 5.280, m 5, m CIP ,280, m STARTING PT. 5,281, m SCALE FACTOR ~ e NAIL 0 IRON PIN (1) CAPPED IRON Fd FOUND EASTING 347,499.2'4,'Sm 347, m 369, m m 370, m 368, m 369, m LINEAR MfASUREMENT HORIZONTAL GROUND DlST.ANCES CENTRAL MERIDIAN 56' oo oo w DATE: AUGUST 31, 2015 APP. NO SCALE JOB NO RED INDIAN SURVEYS LIMITED 1:7500--

62 101 SCHEDULE ''C" I he l..es!iee shall ill alj times possess a valid aquagultwe hceoce issued under the Aquaculture Act. 2 The cleuusro prem.lses shall be used solely for the establishment and mamtenancc of aquacul!ulc for the tenn of the tease. 3. The rent ~as set out in this Lease shall be subject to rev1ew every five (S) years, wub the upward rcv1s1on (if any) not 10 exceed I 00% of the annual amount le Vied dunng the 1mmedia1ely precedmg year. 4. The demi.~ prcnuscs shall not be assigned or conveyed ID whole or 1n pan, without the pnor written consent of the Minister and then only on such tenns and upon payment of such fees as the Miruster may prescribe. And it is further agreed that thia consent is not required where the whole of the demised premises only is being as.~igned solely for mongagc purpo..'!cs S. The use of the demjsed prerwscs wil ~ for 1ts intended purpose, be ~ubjecl to and in accordance with all provincial acts and regulations respccung tbe prolllohoo of efficient IU!Uaculture and environmental control. 6 Tue ~see will not permit the demised prcum,~ to be mopen1t1vc for l l~ intended purpo'!c for H pcnod in exc~s oftbree (3) coosecuti\e years. 7. The dcmjsed pn:rwses ~be held wider and aubj C:Ct to all n:gulatio u ~ alld pro~ 1510n ~ of the Lands Act. Clu1pter 36 of the Statutes of Newfoundland and labntdor. 1991, a~ dmeoded. and to such statutes and regulations as arc now in force or which may at any bmc hereafier be lllllde by law for the 1mprovcmcn1 or cultivabon of lands within the PmV111Ce of Newfoundland and 1.nbmdM 8 Should!he ~e wish to terminate Uus Lease, the Lc:ssc:e shall submjt nonce 10 that effect to the M uu~1et and su (6) months after date of r~e1pt uf such nonce the hcn:10 dcnu:.cd prenu<>e. will revert to the Crown. Q The Lessee hereby agrees that upon ca.nccllauon or non-renewal of tlu~ Lease. the demised prenuscs shall be restored lo a condition sansfac1ory to the Mu11!11er, wlucb rr.stort1t1on ~hall include lhl: removlll of all buoys. mooring lines, anchors, floating <.tructures and any other 11ems placed or installed in or on the deou.sed premises, AND If the Lcs!i«fails lo ~store the demised pn:m1= 10 a 'l.'!usfactory conditi1jn. the Mllllst.er may do so and the costs incum:d by the M ID.IS~r in talong thts acbon shall be a debt due the Crown by the LcMICC lo31lng walkwa)s cxtcndu\g to ~ ore will not be coo~1dcrcd.., occupyiop: a part of the demised rmnm:<. un11l llllch walkways extend <Wcr cr ejtcc:cdtn(' twelve ( 12) mc1tc<1 deplh at low wllter I I, All buoy\, moonog lwes and anchors must be contamcd w1t111n lhe denuscd prem1>e: of the Lc3se 12 At least six (6) metres of water must extst betwccn tbc ocean floor and the bottom of the oeaed enclosure ar low tide 13. The locauoo and operation of the aquaculture fac1hues must not wterfere with the nght of nav1gauon. 14. The Lessee shall 1odcmnify and save ham1les5 the Cmwn again~! any loss, cost or dalllllgc resulting directly or indirectly from the lcssec'q use or occupation of the demised preml'ics IS. The Lessee must oblaln all nc~ penruts from tbe Government Service Centre, Department of SCl'Vlce NL 16 Tius Lease shall be go~'clllcd by and conslrucd 10 accordance Wllh the Jaws of the P10V1ncc of Newfoundland and Labrador

63 102.. GOVhKNfl.llA1 OF' Nf:WFOllNTlf l\"ln ANO VJIRAOOR Department of Envirunmeot and Conservation APPLICATION FOR CROWN LANDS TRIM # r;\?:; -5ssq0 RQ10~ FOR [)EPNUMENT USE ONLY APPLICATION NQ,... f}-=-~-3--+(_3 AEraPT NO. QJ,L\9 ALE No. a o Jc Y ~ I AMOUNT 11 :) cf' DATE fh }(:y 1 (at.1c DATE AEGISTERED -ft.. ---' ({~\ -._,..._ 1 --"' J..... o... /( _ INDICATED ON Pl.AN NO INrTW _t-'\ _. TOPO NO INmAL APPLICAnON tnformatton NL L-M MIDCL NAMI': MAILING ADOA &S f 'D. go X I 10 ClTYfTOWN <? ll'!i OWICE 1./ ~A1.COOE...) - - _j_ /V /... ~ ft ;;i,f;;() 8USINESSmE"HOHE 7 /) q 0ft:,) - I 6?'. IHOMI': m Pt10Ne-== ~ AAF. VOU ARESIOEHTOf-TllEl'ROVlt«;E - I ARE YOU N' ~PlOVEE Of Ttt DEPARTMFN'I OF NEWfOUHDW«> AHO l.a8r/\oor7 ~s L-1 HO Of ~NT ~NSERYAnotn LJ '\'ES llio Bs Di.a IFVU, SPECIFY Tll\.E NO~ l /V H5 F tj L l.:kf. IJ n!!.l_f IS 7o 2 t3v{'/,~ ~.. HAVE YOIJ. YOCJA $l'ou$, OR N<'f DEPENDENT CHIU>Ral Eva\ APPUEO FOR. Ofl AECEM!O ~D f'aom n4e CN:NM1 PROPOSED TENURE AND USE l'tpe OF N'f'l..ICATIOH!MOUSE wt.ea.se DGAAHT D UCENCE TO OCCUPY D RESIDENCE O corrage ~'l\jre D AGAICULTIJAE (j.icmdlt ~ ~ D Ct.>MMEACW. ~ ~~-bebwl 0 O ER (llr~ cnl.9ls bebwl OE&CRlM 8UllJllNGS ro ee er CTED Of ppkal)iel &. L HGTM WID'l\4 PROPOSED WAT 11 AHO SEWAGE FAOUTIES Iii eql)locabll) - - Oww. OsePnc D MUNIQ'N.. WATER 0 Ml.MCIJ'M. SE~ G}-ong (pflmll9 cw.is b9idlr) MMt/-U. c.wwucrd lot'~_i

64 103 ii.and DESCRIPTION. 1?1E LMD ts ~TEO A.T 14 TME a.ectoaal DISTRICT OI' H>thtn~ /2,a t./ - {ape... IA.!lun.e ls E 1.N1Q N'f'UEO FOR LOCATED WITlilN MUNICIPAL l:iophoaaies? Al'f'flOXIMATE DIMENSIONS OF THE~ IF~. YOU MUST ENCLOSE A MVNIQP.AI. D ~s ~ RECOMMENOATIOK F~ If YES, YOU MUST EHa.OSE A MUNICl'AL RECOMMEH~ON FOIW Ill.OU; TtlS FOf'IJt IS AVAllAllUi FROlll THE. MUNICIPAL COU~ REGIONAL I.ANOS Off'!Ce, 6 GOVEAHllENT SEIM~ C'EHTAES - FRONTAGE { DC met<*" D!;Plli.,,... - <l\ou8s DISTANCI! TO Ct..05ESTWAl!RllOOY I NAME or:;if:;_; ~'~l,_ &..../ /)~ tlj.f r:i>i I J'<O!.. LI/. IS 1lfli Srr1i ACCES&l8LE f1f AOoU>1 Oves ~ IF NO, 'MU. THE SITE AEOUIAE NEW IFYES, WHATWIU.BEThEAPPAOXIMATE ROAO CONSTAUCTION FOA ACCESS? Oves ~o l..e)jgl}4 OF THE AON1I m.u. FOi\ SIT'liS wmlovf ROAD ACCESS, PU:ASE INDICATE MElttOO OF ~AllOH DwwrHi Ou." 8 " BOAT D SHOWMOl5& OAJRaw:r FOR SITES Wll»OllT ROAD ACCESS, LOCATION OF Access ltoute MVST Bl! IHDICATEO ON 'nie MAP An ACHEO lo THE APP\JCRION ANO ACCE$S 8't A. T.'oj MUST ee IN ACCOllCAHCE WITH "'T.II Rt:OOJ.A TIONS. 15 nie SfT'E PRE5em. Y OCCVAE.O: FENCl;S, BlAIJltN$$, SIG~. CU'.ARHG, WCAL UNOEAST ANOING? 0 '1 s s;;'o --- IF YES, STATE 'feaa OCCUAl.TION COMMENCED, AAfA OCCUPleo ANO NAME Oil PERSON WttO OEVELOf'ED OR OCCIJPIE.O n«; I.ANO Page 2 - I ARE YOO AWfl/l.E OF #IY EYIOENCE Of PflEVIOUS I.ANO use. soo. AS 0Y s IP(HO EHCES, BUIU>INGS, SIGNS, Cl.fNUNG. ~OCAL UNOEl\STANDING, ETC.? IF YiS, STATE 'l"l!aa OCCUMllON c;ot.1menceo, #'o A OCCUPIED ANO NAME OF P 11SON WHO oevelop O Oii OCCUPIEO T>1E lnio DESCRIPTION OF LAND P1ee.M No.ta: When your appt1cat1on i. accepted by tf\ls Department you are required to 1den1rfy the site In the tleld by cleatly maridng your comer posts ll tnere ~ a discrepancy between ttie area martled In tne tlekl and the area indicated on the map, the letter ahall prevail Sketch tho l?.nd applied for showing distance to prominent nearby features such as buildings, teoces, road lntersectlona. Map musl atso be attached. UNOEOON Nosff~H~B~Y~~~,~tJ.. 1 ~-tl.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~---. BQIJNOEO ON SOUTH BY SOUNDED OH WEST av,, PLEA E NQIE: ft IS THE POU CY OF Tli CA OWN LANDS DMSION TO ACCEf'T AP PUCA TIONS ON A ARST COME, FIRST SERVE 8ASIS. APPLICATIONS MUST BE FUU.Y COMPt.ETED. WITH A MAP SHOWING THE EXACT LOCATIONS OF TME LANO APPLIED FOR TOGETHER WITH THE APPLICATION FEE. THE APPROVED MUNICIPAL RECOMMENDATION FORM FROM COONCO,. IF APPLICABLE. MUST Al.SO BE ATTACHED. ONlY THEN WIU. THE APPLICATION ee ACCEPTED ANO DEEMED AEGISTEAABLE BY THIS DEPAATMENt

65 104 Page3 SKETCH USE THE AAEA tlel.ow TO SKE:TCl-1 THE~ APPllEO FOR SHOWING OISTAHCE TO PROMINENT NEARBY FEA'l\lf.:S SUCH AS BllWHGS, F~CES, ROAD J 'NT~CflOHS lllap MUST ALS08EATT,\Qj D AFF10AYfT OF APPLICANT (to.,. read camuuy) I, do hereby make oath end declare as follows: (a) The information contained in ttli5 apphcabon Is true and correct to the best of my knowle(fge and belief. (b) I have Inspected the land applied ror and have found no evidence of occupation (with the exception of No. 6 and/or No. 7 on page 1, where applicable) (c) I arn not aw11e or any adven;e claim to tha land applied fer by any petson(s) (d) I recagnlle and accept that I am solely responsible for correctly Identifying the parcel ol land ttlal is the subjec1 of this appuc&llon. (e) I fully undem&nd ltiat acceptance ot this appllcallon by the Depar1m1nt does not give me any rtghls or priveleges in relation to the land under apph~on. (f) I FUU. Y UNDERSTAND THAT THE LANO IS NOT TO BE OCCUPIED UNTIL I RECEIVE A FUW E.XECUTEO TITLE DOCUMENT. (g) I RJU. Y UNDERSTAND TtiAT. UNDER SECTION 14 OF THE WIDS ACT, THE MINISTER OF GOVERNMENT SERVICES ANO LANDS MAY CANCEL OR REFUSE nus APPLICATION AT HIS OR HER DISCRETION AT AHY TIME PRIOR TO THE DELIVERY OF A. FULLY EXECUTED TITlE DOCUMENT. 40 1) 1tQR; A norhef\lndable processing lee of ONE HUNDRED OOUARS ($ plus 15% H.S.T. klr a total of $115.00) must accompany this application. Cheques or money orders are 10 b9 made payable to the NEWFOUNDlANO EXCHEQUER ACCOUNT. SANDRA COX A eomm loner for Oaths In Ind for Che Province of Newfoundland and UlndOr My commission expires on December 31, 2013.

66 105 SUMi!ARY OF AGENCY REFERRALS J 0 Government SeMce Centre 0 Mir.a Bltinch D Transportation Branch 0 U1'ben and Rural Planning Division D Municipal AssessrJMlnl Agency 0 Environmental As&essment Division ~Wstor Resources Qlvlslon DepL of Fisheries and Aquacutn>re D Agticulture Branch D ForesUy Bnmch 0 Wiidlife Divisb'\ 0 Pari<s Oivialon D Municipal Authority D Fisheries and Oceans (Federal) 0 Tourian Development OMs1on D. Othet D Otti.r Officers Comments; L.V.,A FOR DEPARTMENT USE ONLY Cocnmenla Dste Approved R.tuMd Anached S.nt D D 0 D D 0 D 0 D D 0 D D D D D D D D D D D D D ro...ct:1o aa1 0 D 0 0 D 0 D D D D D D D D D 0 D D D D D 0 D D D D D Cb!c.\u..J ~OP~1 Pagit4 Date Receiv.d ifl~~q13 Olll.e Reeommendatloo or Beg!onal Office: 0 Approved {Complete section below) D Refused (Give reaeoo) Olla Regional lm1da ~ Thia MCtlan to be compltlled by R119!0MI omce wtten approv.i la recommtnded. (:~ ~~ J ANtupprov&d V\D OO'v\O. FrOl'ltAlge l.\ DO Conefderation/Aentat$4/h J ~( Back/Renlal ~ Laase D Grant 0 Licence 0 Other 0 Type 8f\UM U.tILU"i. Cabinet approval required 0 Yes 0 No Special ln&truction& to aurveyor (if any): ~ dtefopo~etused D 0eterrec1 D To Qt>inet $peclallnstruction& ; ~ ~""""""------~---.A'ttt I Z Zlt>/3 I Diii

67 106 FOR DEPARTMENT USE~ Pa995 I Special Conditions of Approval: Spec\11 Trtle Col')ditions: _

68 f REACTIVATION OF CANCELLED APPLICATION Appl"ication No.\3<D3\3 file No. Q25yq l h\{)(ttevf\ ~~ sea. ~m 5. First Name Middle Name Family Name Po e:ox \90, \<o3 QYt.iYJ -~~ st A\txw::, Po\-\ Qco MaDlng AddrtsS Date and Time Recalvtd RecetptNo. Q loooy\ Am(Qlt \)3.00 oate ~ Co 0 \L\ Date RegJsttred ffi()j/c..\\ 9 Q}Q\ \ lnidal :"1m.. Technicians Comments: Co.nee\) fil Gr aca-f elf ' m $,:L~ ve'j m ~'-<'& j??c ''-1.(letter n ot semj t.\. Qo\L\ [ ~ D t 0( ) Reglonal Landt Technician "-commendation of Rtgion1I Office: 0 Approved (Complete section below) D Refused (Give reason) Date Reglonal lands Manager This section l.o be completed by Regional Office when approval Is recommended. (-+ :\ Area approved l..-\d he Frontage L\Qo f() toa1ld1r.atlga/rental \ {rx), 00_ ~J LeaselSl GrentO PermltO OtherO Type ftq:_uac u!-n>- Cabinet approval requlred7 Yes 0 No 0 list apecfat ~tfons to be Included In iltle document Clf any): Special lnstnjcttona to StJWyot (Jf any): Mntstete dtcfsfon: Approv.d~ RefusedO OeferredO TocabmetO Specfal fnattuctfons: Date Authodted OffJdal

69 60 - ' t -':..Joooo-t ~ ~o. \. ~ 4S -oo tt~r Government of Newfoundland and Labrador Department of Asheries and Land Resources Ri~<i:;l ~ 1.1\ 5 to'is oo (\u1\j. 1:a.::.{q LEASE FOR AQUACULTURE NO Under the provl~ion.~ of Section 3 of the /Ands Act, Cbapter 36 of the Statures of Newfoundland and Labrador, 1991, as nmendcd. Her Majcsry the Queen in Right of Newfoundland and I abrador (hc.reutafter called the "Crown") n:pre:.ento:d herein by the Honourable the M i ru ~tc r of P1shoncs and L11nd Resources for the Province of Newfoundland and Labrador (heromafter called tho " MIDl ~lel") does hereby LEASE and DEMISE unto ORTHERN HARVEST SEA FARMS ~:WFOUN OLA ND LTD. m the l'rovmcc of Newfoundland and Labrador (here111after called the " Lc.~scc") 1ts succe~sors and assigns ALL THAT piece or parcel of land siruate and being at Murph) Point (bcreu.ufler called the ''dermsed premises') as more pamcularly dcscnl>ed in Schedule A and delineated 1Jl Schedule B anached hereto (which ~hcd u les are pan of these presems). 1ogether with the appurteoances, EXCEPTING AND RESERVING nevertheless out of this present l.nse to the Crown all OlUletals both metall.a\: and uo11-1netalhc. lum:stone, grarute, slate, marble, g_vpswn. marl, clay, sand, gravel. bu1ldmg stone, volcaruc ash, pe:it. coal. salt.!ultural gas. naturally occumng oal and related hydrocarbons m and under the demised ~~cs TO H~E A.~D TO HOLD lhe dcn:used ~ unto the Les3ee for the 1amof 50ycmsfromthe Z.I~ dayof June AD 21J17, SUBJECT tolhc rescrvl!tion, tcnns and condauons henmulfler set out., YI ELDL'llG A.~D PA YL'llG tllllo the Crown. subject to the rental rcv 1 ~1on cla!uc hereinafter oppeanng. as the price and con.,adcrauon of the said Lease, the sum ofsjl 0.00 per year r ~ble on the day of 10 each year, the first paymcul to be made on the excculloo of th.is Leue. llus Lease is renewable upon application, sub jeer to the tc:mu and condition~ in effect at the time of renewal; rrovidfj> ALWAYS that the Lessee covenarus and agrees to comply an all respect~ to the terms and condmons as outlined ID Schedule C of these presc.ol5; PROVtDlm ALWAYS that if the Lessee. its successors or ass 1em shall make default m the perfonnauce of any of the prova~i ons or condthons herein COlltained then this Lease ~hall be null and void and the demised premises shall revert to the Crown and the Crown 1ts servants or agents may 1mmed1ately enter on add talce possession of the same freed from all llabllit:y PROVIDED ALWAYS that the Lessee, its succcs.'iors or a&li1gns, hereby forever releases lhe Minister, his or her Rervaou; and agents, from any and all liability ansmg from or relatod to nny defecl and/or omission that may be identified ID the survey description and/or plan otuchcd bcreto as Schedules A and 6. The Lessee further agrees that it shall have no rcc::o\l.l'sc against the Minister,!us or her servants or agents, 1f the said survey description and/or plan for the demised premises arc found to be defective many way PROVIDED ALWAYS that except for the demised pre~. the is.-.'llance of th.is lea.~e by the Miruster does not conslltute an acknowledgement of any right, tatlc: or mtercst m or to 411Y of the other parties identified in the survey dcscnpllon and plan attached hereto as Schedules A and B.

70 61 IN WITNESS WHEREOF the Partie.q have executed this lndcnl\itc SIGNED AND SEALED by the Mimster offishenes and Land Resources and the Seal of the Dcpanmen1 offisberies and Land Resources wasaffixedonthe f'1.dayof ~ 40(1) ANDREW PIKE A Commisslone< lot Catha tn and for lllt Province of Newtoondland and Lablld«. My commission expib t~st day of December I 40(1) s rgned AND SEALED by lhe Lessee on '{ day of in the pre.. ence of: A.I). '2.. 0,/ jz- 40(1)

71 62 SCHEDULE A All that piece or parcel of land covered by water situate and being at Murphy Point, Great Bay de L' Eau, abutted and bounded as follows, that is to say: Beginning at a point being located in the Waters of Little Bay, the said point being the most northwesterly comer of herein described survey, the said point having NAO 83 coordinates of north 5,262, meters and east 326, meters: Thence through the Waters of LltUe Bay, north sixty-six degrees one minute fourteen seconds east (N 66" 0 I' l 4" E) five hundred decimal zero zero zero ( ) me1crs; Thence through the Waters of little Bay, south twenty-three degrees fifl y-eight m10utes forty-six seconds cast {S 23 58' 46" E) eight hundred decimal zero zero zero ( ) meters; Thence through the Waters of Llttle Bay, south sixty-six degrees one minute fourteen seconds west (S 66" 01' 14" W) five hundred decimal zero :t..ero 1..ero ( ) meters; Thence through the Waters of Liule Bay, north twent)'-lhrce degr~ fi fty-eight m10utes forty-si>. seconds west (N 23 58' 46" W) eight hundred decljllaj zero zero zero ( ) meters more or less to pornt of beginning and being more particularly shown and delineated on attached plan: The above described land comains an area of forty decimal zero 1..ero.aro (40.000) Hectares more or less. All bearings arc being referred to the meridian of fifty-six degrees west longitude of the Three Degree Modified Transverse Mercator Projection Zone 2- NAD83 for the Province of Newfoundland & Labrador. App. No August 31, 2015 Job No (1)

72 63 SCHEDULE "B".J L SHORELINE AT ORDINARY LOW WATER WATERS OF LITILE BAY STARTING PT. N 5,262, m E 326,691.93~ / / ~ / \"/"' (>">'},~~~ ~..., ~ / / WATERS OF LITTLE BAY CIP 60020' AREA= Ha. SHORELINE AT ORDINARY LOW WATER WATERS OF UTILE BAY 3' MTM COORDINATES STATION NORTHING EASTING 93G G5028 CIP 6001 CIP ,257, m 5,257, m 5,261, m 5, m 333, m 333, m 326, m 326, m CIP ,262, m 327, m STARTING PT , m 326, m SCALE FACTOR = e NAIL 0 IRON PIN 0 CAPPED IRON Fd FOUND LINEAR MEASUREMENT HORIZOITTAL GROUND DISTANCES CENTRAL MERIDIAN 56" 00' 00" W DATE: AUGUST 31, 2015 APP. NO SCALE JOB NO RED INDIAN SURVEYS LIMITED 1:

73 64 SCHEDULE "C" The l.e.q_<;ee shall at all times possess a valid aquaculture licence issued under the Aquaculture Act, 2. The demised premises shall be used solely for the establishment and majjltenance of aquacul1ure for tbe t= of the Lease. 3. The rent reserved as set out in this Lease shall be subjccl to review every five (5) years, with the upward revision (if any) oot to exceed 100% of the annual amount levied during the immediately preceding year. 4. The demised premises shall not be a.'isigned or conveyed in whole or in part, without the prior written consent of the Minister and!hen only on such tenns and upon paymenr of such fees ~ the Minister may prescnbe. And it is further agreed that this consent is not required where the whole of the demised premii:es only is being assigned solely for mortgage purposes. 5. The use of the demised prerni.<es will, for its intended purpose, be subject to and in accordance with all provincial acts and regulation.~ respecting the promotion of efficient aquaculture and environmental control. 6. The Lessee will not penwt the demtsed prem1 ~es to be inoperatjve for 11S mtended purpose for a period iu CJICCSS of three (3) consecuu ve years. 7. The dernised pretllises shall be held under and subject to all regulation~ and provisjons of the Lands Acr, Chapter 36 of the Statutes of Newfoundlnnd and Labrador, 1991, as amended, Md to such statutes and regulation' as are now in force or which ll\lly at any tim" hereafter be mnde by law for the improvement or culuvation oflands within the Province of Newfoundland and Labmdor. S. Should the Lessee wish to tenmoate!his Lease, the Lessee shall submit ooticc to tbat effect to the M ulister and six (6) months after date of receipt of such notice the heretn demised premises will revert to the Crown. 9. The Lessee hereby agrees that upon cancellation or non-renewal of this I.ease, the derwsed premises shall be re.~tored to 11 condition sausfactory to the Minister, which restoration shall include the removal of all buoys, mooring Imes, anchors, floatmg structures and any other Items placed or inmalled m or on the demised prerruscs, AND jf the Lessee fa.tis to rcslore the deml~cd prenuses to a sausfactory condition. the Minister may do so and the costs 111curred by the Minister in tiling this action shall be a debt due the Crown by tho Lessee 10. floallng wulkways c tendiog to shore will not be considered as occupying a part of the demised premi~ until such walkways extend over water eltcel.lding 1welve (I 2) metres depth at low water 11. All buoys, moonng Imes and anchors must be conlalncd witlun the dtllllijcd prem~ of the Lease. 12. At least six (6) metres of water must exist between the ocean floor and the bottom of the netted enclosure at low tide l3. Tbe location and operauon of the aquaculture fac1.bhes must not interfere with lhe right of navigation. 14. The Lessee shall indemnify and save hannless the Crown again.st any loss. cost or damage resulting directly or indirectly from the Lessee's use or occupation of the demised premises. 15. The Lessee must obtam all necessary pennits from the Government Service Centre. Department of Service NL. 16. This Lease shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the Province of Newfoundland and Labrador

74 r. \lo~ \ic\5-:t\ ~ \0\D50S-f ~, GOVHRNMENT OF NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR Deparbnent of Environment and Conservation APPLICATION FOR CROWN LANDS E0R DEPARTMENT USE ONLY RECEJPT NO. 0?5 q g M10UNT I DAlE INDICATED ON Pt.AN NO TOPO NO. INITIAL _ APPLICATION INFORMATION HAVE YOU, YOUR SPOUSE. OR Nl't DEPENOEHT CHJl..CAEN EVER APPi.JED FOA. OR ~ lhe CROYwW? ARE YOU AN EMPLOYEE OF TliE OEPAR'!MENT OF 9'MRONMENT AND CONSERVATION? D YES D NO O NO -c...fa.t~~ltf1 - Hct1oi ll!iol.... PROPOSED TENURE AND USE TYPE OF APPllCATION LAADUSE li:j" LEASE O GRANT D UCEM:E TO OOCUPV DRESIOENCE O corrage ~UACUlTIJAE D AOAICOLT\ff lpioylde d... bllow) D COMMERCIAL (pttmde dlell.o ~ti.low> D OTHER (p<olllde... ti.low) DESCRIBE l!ult.oo.09 TO 8E 6'ECTED Of""***) OIMEHSIONS: l. NGTH PAOP06EI> WATel ANO S&INJE FACIUTIES (t~) WIDTH Ov.e.t. DSEPTIC D llajnicipal. WAml D MUNICFAL SEWER ~Tl-ER (llnmde delllls bllow) ~~l ~,c-1 (olll.{ I!

75 66 LAND DESCRIPT'ION nte I.ANO IS SllUATID AT hge2 IN llle ELECTORAL OISTRICT OF k)'/~e IS TliE LAN> APPUEOFOR LOCATEOWITHtN MUNICIPAL DISTANCE TO CLOSESTWATERBOOY IS lhe StT'E ACCESSIBLE BY ROA07 IF NO. WlU. TliE SITE REOUIFE NEW ROAD CONSTRUCTION FOR ACCESS? Dves ~ D YES Soo IF YES, YOU MUST ENCl..OSE A MUNICIPAL AECOt.e.elOATION FORM IF YES, YOU MUST EHCl..OSE A MUNJOPAI. RECOMMENDATION FORM HQIL THI& FORM IS AYAILABU! PROM ntl! MUNICIPAL. COUNCIL. Rl!GIOHAL LANDS a ~MENT 8EIMC CENTRES IF YES, WHAT Will 8E?ME APPROXJMATE u:ngth OF TH ROAD? \l~ FOR SITES WITHOUT ROAD ACCESS, P1. ASE INDICATE METHOO OF mnlspol{fation OwALI<lNG DA.T.ll D SNOWMOBILE. D AJRCRAFT FOfl Sl'Tt:S WllliOVT ROAD ACCESS, LOCATION OF.ACCESS ROUTE MUST BE INDICATCD ON ll MAP ATTACHED TO THE APA.JOO'ION ANO ACCESS BY A. D I MUST SE IN ACCORDANCE wmt A. T.V REGUt.ATIOHS. IS THE SITE PRESEHn. Y OCCUPIED: FENCES. BUILOlNGS, SIGNS. Cl..EAAJNG. local UNDERSTANDING? IF YES, STATE YEAR OCCUPATION COMMENCED, AREA OCCUPIED ANO NAME OF~ WHO DEVELOPED OR OCCUPIED THE LAND men. ARE YOU AW>Af. OF N«EVIOENCC OF PflE\llOUS LAND USE, SUQi AS SNCES, BUILDINGS, SIGNS, ClEAR.ING. l..ocal UNOERSTANDING, ETC.? Oves D NO IF YES, STATE VEAR~ TION COMMENCED, AREA OCCUPIED ANO NAME OF PEF!SON WHO OEVEl..DPED OR OCCUPIED THE LANO DESCRIPTION OF LAND Please Note: When your application Is accepted by this Department you are required to Identify the site In the field by cl6arly marking yoor comer posts. If there is a discrepancy between the area marked in the field and the area indicated on the map, the latter shall prevail. Sketch the land applied for showing distance to prominent neart>y features such as buildings, fences, road inte<sections. Map must also be attached. BO(JNOEO NORTH BY SOUNDED ON SOI.mi BY BOUNDED ON~ BY BOUNOEO ON WEST BV w~ C.l (I... l( PLEASE NQIE: IT IS THE POUCV OF THE CROWN ~OS DMSK>N TO ACCEPT APPLICATIONS ON A FIRST COME. FIRST SEflVE BASIS. APPLICATIONS MUST BE FUUY COMPLETEO, WITH A MAP SHOWING THE EXACT LOCATIONS OF THE ~O APPLIED FOA TOGETHER Willi THE APPUCATlON FEE. THE~ MUNICIPAL REOOMMENOAJlON FORM~ COUNCIL, IF APPLICABLE, MUST ALSO 8E ATTACHED. ONLY THEN Will.. THE APPLICATION BE ACCEPTED ANO DEEMED REGISTEAABlE BY THIS DEPAR1MEN!

76 67 SKETCH USE THE AREA BB.OW TO Slc:E'lt:H THE I.AN) N'PUED FOR SHOWING OISTANCe TO PAOMl' NT NEARBY FeATURES SUCH AS BUllDINGS. FENCES, AOAO INTERSECTIONS. MAP MUST ALSO IE ATTAOE>. AFFIDAVfT OF APPLICANT (to be read caretulty),jlw. I, do hereby make oath and declare as follows: llcatlon Is true and correct to the best of my knowledge and ballet. I have Inspected the land applied for and nave found no evidence of occupation (with the exception at No. 6 andfor No. 7 on page 1, where applicable). (c) I am not aware of any adverse claim to the land applied for by any person(&). (d) t recognize and accept that t am 80lely responsible for oorrectty Identifying the paroet of land that ls the subfect of (e) (I) this application. I fully understand that acceptance of this applicarion by the Department does not give me any rights or pt!veleges In relation to the land under application. I FULLY UNDERSTAND THAT THE LAND IS NOT TO BE OCCUPIED UNTIL I RECEIVE A FULLY EXECllTEO TITl.E DOCUMENT. (g) I FULLY UNDERS'mND THAl; UNDER SECTION 14' OF THE LANDS ACT, THE MINISTER OF GOVERNMENT SERVICES AND LANDS MAY CANCEl OR REFUSE THIS APPLICATION l\t HIS OR HER DISCRETION AT AHY TIME PRIOR TO THE OELNERY OF A FULLY EXECUTED lttle DOCUMENT. Swem befot8 me ~ ~-~--_,_:;;.=:'-"'"'"= this 13~ II ' (1 )- 40(1),,,,... KRISTA RUSSELL A c.omm~ooer. for Oaths. in md for ~ A non-refundable processing fee of ONE HUNDRED DO must accompany this appllcallon. Cheques 0( mon~ Ol'del's are to be made payable to the NEWFOUNDLAND EXCHEQUER ACCOUNT.

77 68 SUMMARY OF AGENCY REFERRALS D Government Service Centre D Mines Branch D Transportation Branch D Urban and Rural Planning Division D Municipal Assessment Agency D &Mronmental Assessment Division 0 Wat.er Resources Division G6" Dept. of Flsheries and Aquaculture 0 Agriculture Branch 0 Forestry Branch D Wildlife Division D Parks Division D Municipal Authority D Fisheries and Oceans (Federal) D Tourisn Development OMsion D Other D Ottier FOR DEPARIMfiNT USE QNLV Approved D D D D D D D D D D D D D D Refu.ed D D D D D D D D D D D D Officers Comments: \\~utfl@~ Loo::o COmmem. Attached D D D D D D D D D D D D D D Date Sent I J)(.\ ()...ar{od Date Recehled Page4 40(1) Recommendation of Regional Office; 0 Approved (Complete section below) D Refused (Give reason) DD Reglorlll 1..#lda MaNlglr,,, ~... Ollloe /f Special instructions to surveyor (if any): Deplrtmantal dec!1lon; ~oved D Refused D Toettiinet Specla! Instructions: Araa approved fil tf!/ Fron!Bge Consideratlon/Rei;;ai i / Ba~- ~ l..e8se D Grant D Uoence D Other 0 Type /t&llrll!j ru~ L&!J'e Cabinet approval required 0 Yes ~o ;,_ 40_(_,,, 1-"- )]

78 69 FOR DEPARTMENT USE QNLY Special Conditions of Approval: Data Regional lands Manager Special lltle Conditions: Dal& Regional Lands Maoager

79 '.. 70 REACTIVATION OF CANCELLED APPLICATION Appbtlon No. \l\03\q'":\. File No. 024;3 L\ <{ I l)c)(fuq,v\ \-h..~ ~()\. ~~ First Name Middle Name Family Name Mlfltng Address Date and Time Received Recefpt No. Qlo C'O~ I Amount..:I..:... \ 3~D"'"'0=----- Datt ~\ (e 6)0 1 Lj Dete Registered ly)o-j d & 0 1a lnitlel ty'(.. Technicians Commenb:...1CLUCln :i::ujcw 9JJ \ \ d m..--lfh~c(<o l...lod:...i...:.m..ll:!..j::.: " 'W~C~();~SJ- ~'.:::::: ij..ll~1.._ 1..::Uh~ fi)o L\ - Det ~ LI Regional Lands Technk:tan Recommendation of Regional Office: 0 Approved (ComS)fete section below) 0 Refused (Give reason) Date ReglONl lands Managar This section to be compteted by Regional Office when approval ls recommended. Area approved L\Q 00 Frontage 0 ~Mlderetlon/Rental \ loo.02!!-{~) t.ea...do GrentO PermitD OlherO Type1 Aq,uacu~ C.blnet approval required? Ye.s 0 No 0 I.lat speclal conditions to be Included In title document (If any): Speclel fnatructfons to SUMyor (ff any): Mnlstera dtcblon: Approved(g'- RefusedO ToceblnetO Specfal lnsttuctlons: R/;6' d k c Date Authorized Of ftdal

80 ,,...)., ~ '\' ~<>100,. -4 JolU 40 ~... s,oo t\ ~\ N"ewf~nf dl.and Labrador R1'; ~~ d Y'r ~5<o41{- oo ~u...,_,, ~ / 11 LEASE FOR AQUACULTURE GoYemment of Newfoundland and Labrador Department ot Fisheries and Land Resources NO Under the provisions of Section 3 of the Lands Aet, Chapter 36 of the St<1lulcs of Newfoundland and Labrador, 1991, as amended, Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Newfoundland and Labrndor {hereinafter called the "Crown") repr~nled herein by the Honourable the Miruster of Fisheries nnd Land Resources for lhc Province of Newfoundland and Labrador (hereinafter called rhc ' Minister") docs hereby I.EASE and Ofo~MISE unto NORTHERN HAR VEST SEA FARMS NF.WFOUNOLANO l.td. in the Province of Newfoundland and bbrador (hereuufter called the "Lessee'') 1tS ~11ccessol'3 and assigns ALL TBA T piece or parcel of land situate and being at The llobby (heremafler called the "demised premises') as more particularly descn"bcd 10 Schedule A and delineated m Schedule B attached hereto (which &ebedules are part of these presen1&), together with the appurtenances, EXCEPTING AN D RF.sEKVlNG nevertheless out of this present Lease to the Crown all nunerals both metallic and oon-n1etal!jc, hmcstooe, granite,. slate, mari>lc, gypsum, marl, clay, sa.od, gravel, building stone, volcaruc ash, peat, coal. salt, natural gu. naturally oocurriog oil and related hydrocarbons m and under the demised predllses TO RA \(f\ ANl> TO 801, 0 the demised premises unto the Lessee for the tenn of 50 years from the Cl\~ +day of '-\\l~ A.D ~011, SUBJECT to the reservation, terms and concboons hereinafter set out; YCEL DJNG AND PA YNG unto the Crown. SUbJCCI to the rental revt~ion clause hcrelllll fi~ppeanng, as the pnce and cons1derauou of the said Lease. the i.um of$320 per year payable on the ~ \~ t"\l.iy of u. ""- m each year, the fu'st payment lo be made on the ex~uon of lhls Lea.;e. This Lease 11> renewublc upon app Clibon. &ubjecl to the tcnns and condiuons m effect at the time of renewal, PROVIDED ALWAYS that the Le~ covenants and agrees to comply in all t'c11pccu to the terms md conditions as outlmed in Schedule C of 1h~ presents; PROVIDED ALWAYS that1fthe Lessee, its successors OT assigns shalt make default Ill the performance of aoy of the prov1s1ons or conditions herein contamej then tlus Lease shall be null and void and the de.mt.!ocd premises shall revert to the Crown and the Crown its savants or agents may lld.ldcd1ately enter on and take possc!sion of the same freed &om all liabillry. PROVIDED AJ,W A YS that the Lessee, its successors or assigns, hcrchy forever releases the Minister, his or her SCtVants and agents. from any and all liability arising from or related to any defeat and/or omission that may be identified m the survey description and/or plan auacbed hereto as Scbcdules A and B. 'The Le6sec further agrees that 11 shall have no recourse against the Minister, bis or her servants or agents, if the said survey deienption and/or plan for the demised premises are fouad 10 be defective in any way. PROVIDED ALWAYS that ~cept for the demised premises, the issuance of this I..eue by the Minister does not coashtute an aclcnowlcdgemerrt of any right, title or interest in or to any of the other parties icleotified in the survey descnption and plan attached hereto as Schedules A and B

81 41 IN WITNESS WHEREOF the Parties have executed this lndenlute 40(1) SIGNED AND SEALED by lhc Min~ter offisbenes and I.and Resources and the Seal of lhe Department of Fisheries and Land Resources was affixed on the '?I µ... day of -<' ~ A.O. h i 1. m the rescnce of: ~ da ANDREW PIKE A Qimmissionet for Oalhs in and for!he Province of Newlollldland and Labrador. My commission ex~on W1stdayol OeQlmber _,-"...,._., L.. 40(1) 40(1 ) ~ SIGNED AND SEALED by the Lessee oo the ~ "{ day of m the presence of.

82 42 SCHEDULE II A" All that piece or parcel of land covered by water situate and being at The Hobby, abutted and bounded as foljows, that is to say: Beginning at a point being located in the Waters of Mal Bay, the said point being the most northedy comer of herein described survey, the said point having NAD 83 coordinates of north 5,279, meters and east 368, meters: Thence through the Waters of Mal Bay, south forty-nine degrees fifty minutes thirty-one seconds east (S 49 50' 31" E) five hundred seven decimal three two five ( ) meters; Thence through the Waters of Mal Bay, south forty degrees nine minutes twenty-nine seconds west (S 40 09' 29" W) seven hundred eighty eight decimal four four nine ( ) meters; Thence through the Waters of Mal Bay, north forty-nine degrees fifty minutes thirty-one seconds west (N 49 50' 31" W) five hundred seven decimal three two five ( ) meters; Thence through tbe Waters of Mal Bay, north forty degrees nine minutes twenty-nine seconds east (N 40 09' 29" E) seven hundred eighty eight decimal four four nine ( ) meters more or less, to point of beginning and being more particularly shown and delineated on attached plan; The above described land contains an area of forty decimal zero zero zero (40.000) Hectares more or less. All bearings are being referred to the meridian of fifty-six degrees west longitude of the Three Degree Modified Transverse Mercator Projection Zone 2 - NAD83 for the Provior.e of Newfoundland & Labrador. App. No August 31, 2015 Job No (1)

83 43 SCHEDULE "8".J L CIP 201 SHORELINE AT ~ ORDINARY LOW WATER STAR'TING PT. N 5,279, m E 368, m WATERS OF MAL BAY WATERS OF MAL BAY AREA= Ha WATERS OF MAL BAY WATERS OF MAL BAY CIP 2012 ~SHORELINE AT ORDINARY LOW WATER 3' MTM COORDINATES STA110N NORTHING 93G G5055 ClP 2010 CIP 2011 CIP , m 5,282, m 5,278, m 5,279, m 5,278, m EASTING 347, m 347,323A84m 369, m 368, m 368,577.7nm STARTING PT. 5,279, Jm 368, m SCALE FACTOR = NAll 0 IRON PIN 0 CAPPED IRON Fd FOUND LINEAR MEASUREMENT HORIZONTAL GROUND DISTANCES CEHTRAl MERIDIAN 55" oo oo w DATE: AUGUST 31, 2015 APP. NO SCALE JOB NO RED INDIAN SURVEYS LIMITED 1:

84 44 SCHEDULE "C" 1. The Lessee i!ball at all tunes pos~ a vahd aquaclllture licence issued under the Aquaculturr Act. 2. The dcmuc:d prclll.iscs shall be used $Olely for the cstablishmcnt and matntroancc of aquaculture for the tcnn of the Lease 3. The rent reserved as set out in this Lease shall be subject to review every five (5) y=, with the upward revision (if any) not to e>;ceed IOO% of the annual amount lt:vled dwmg the immediately preceding year. 4. The demised premises shall not be assigned or conveyed in whole or in part, without the prior Mitten consent of the Ministet and then only on such terms and upon payijlent of such fees as the Minister may prescnbe. And It is further agreed that iliil C-On5Cnt is not required where the whole of the demised premises only is being assigned solely for mortgage purpooes. S The use of the demised premises will. for 113 intended purpose, be sub1ect to and 10 accordance with all provincial acls and regulations m pccung the promollon of efficient aquacultutt and envl.l'olllilcotal control 6 The Lessee MU 001 permit the demised prcjtuscs to be inoperative for its intended purpose for a period in excess of three (3) consecutive years 7. The demised prelll.15cs shall be held under and subject to all regulations and prov1sions of the Lands Ac1, Chapter 36 of the Statutet; of Newfoundland and Labrador, 1991, as amended, and w web statutes and regulatiom as arc now in force or whtcb may at auy tune hereafter be made by Jaw for the Wlpro"emcnt or cultivntion oflnnds withtn the Province of Newfoundland and Labrador. 8 Should the Lessee wish to terminate this Lea.cie, the Lessee shall submit notice to that effect to the MlDlstcr and six (6) roonlhs after date of receipt of such notice the herein demised premises will revert to the Crown. 9. The Lessee hereby agrees that upon cancella1ton or non-renewal of chis Lease, the dem1._oed prcllllses shall be restored to a condition satisfactory to the Mfo1stcr, whtcb restonmoo shall Uu:ludc the rerooval of all buoys, mooring lloes, anchors, floating ~irucrurcs and any other 11eros placed or u1.s1allcd Ill or on the dcmisod premises, A;'iD if the Lessee fails to restore the demi~ premises to a sarufactory cond1non, the MIIllster may do so and the costs mcurrcd by the M w ster ID lalong this ~bon ~ball be a debt due the Crown by the Lessee. IO. Floatt0g walkways cltteodiog to shore will not be considered!is occupying a part of the demised premises until such walkways eitteod over water exceeding twelve ( 12) metres depth at low water 11. All buoy1 mooring hncs and anchors must be conuuncd..,,thin the demised p rcrru~ of the Lease. 12. At least wt (6) metres of water roust exist between the ocean floor and the bottom of the netted enclosure at low ttde. 13. The location and operation of the aquaculture facilities must not interfere with the nght of navigation 14 The Lessee sb.311 indemnify and save harmless the Crown 1tg&111St any loss, cost or danja&e resulting di.rtctly or uiducctl) from the Lessee' use or OC(;Upllbon of the demised premises. 15. The Lessee must obtain all neccs~ary pcnnits from the Govcmment Scrvioc Centre, Dopartmcnt of Service NI This Lease sholl be governed by nnd construed in accordance with the laws of the ProV1nce of Newfoundland and Labrador.

85 45 '. GOVERNMENT Of" NEWFOUNDLAND AND l.arraoor Department of Enviro~ent and Conservation APPLICATION FOFi CROWNlANDS FOR DC'ARIMBf( IJSE ONLY Gt ) I u I o I ~ 8 / RSv fb\l.fr I APPLICATION NO. 11 ~' I ( RECEIPT NO. ~0~1>~ti~S-'----- F1L.E NO. <1 DJ<" 4 C\ I AMOUm l \ DA1E flt ).(\l I l;)c'@ /( INDICAlEO ON Pl.AN NO J_ 1 1 DATE REGISTERED--~.:.-~...: \.Y-+).J"'""O._. INl'TW.. n TOPO NO INrTW.. APPUCATION INFORMATION NL t:hd_. AGE CITY/TOWN S'-f A{haA-1 Is 9USINESS TE1 PHONE 7 1.J q. q, " <: J.( h? PROVINCE If YES, SPECtPf TITlE NC>til PROPOSED TENURE AND USE LAHOUSE OGRANT D AESU>ENce- D COTTAGE AOOAOOL 1\JRE 0 AGAICUl,1\JP" (prcmoi ~ bllow) D COMMEll~ jpflmde de1med ~ belim) D OTI1ER ~ Cl8llll$ below) PAOf'OSED WATal AHO AGE facllj'lles (II epplcabi.) D WlU. D SEPTlC WIO H " 3 '--f-+~~ht--91m--f-+-~~~~~~~~~~~ '!

86 .. LAND DESCfllPT10N 46 Pqe2 FOR srres WITHOUT AOAOM:X:ESS, PLEASE D D 1.1/ 0 D INOICATEMEn-IOOOl'llWfSl'ORT"ATlON WAUQHQ A.T.11 l.b1'aoat SHOWMC>llU AllCflAFT FOR SITES WITHOUT AOAD ACCES$, LOCAllOH ~ACCESS floutl' MVST BE INDICAla> ON THE MN' ATTACH 0 TO E APA.ICAl'ION AHD ACC6S 8Y A.T.11 MUST ee IN ACCORDANCE wmt A. T,11 REGULATIONS. IS nie SITE Pll.ESENTLY OCCUfEJ): FEHCQ, 9Ull.Jl1NGS, SIGitS, ClE.AAING, tocal. UNOERSTANOI~? 0 YES ~ IF YES. STATE YEAA occuw;noh COMMENCED. ;.JU;A OCCOPIEO ANO HllME ()#- PERSON WHO DEVEi.OPED 00 OCCUPIED n<e LANO / Oves ~o DESCRIPTION OF LAND Ple&M Note: When your application is accepted by thi Department you are required to identify ttie site In the field by deerty martcing your comer posts. If there Is a discrepancy between the area marl<ed In the field and me area indicated on the map, the latter shall prevall Sketch the land applied for 11howtng distance to proml/\ent nealby features auch as buildings, fenc»s, road Intersections. Map must also be attached. NO lli BY BOVNDEO ON SOUTH BY BOUNDED ON EAST BY BOUNCED ON WEST BY (J,j,, el WE NQte: IT IS THE POLICY Of TliE CROWN LAN DIVISION TO :OOHS ON A ARST ME. FIRST SEllVE &ASIS. APPUCAT\Ot-18 MUST BE F\JU.Y COMPLETED, WITH A MAP SHOWING THE EXACT LOCATIONS OF THE l»io APPLIED FOR TOGETHER wrrh TWE APPUCATION FEE. THE APPROVED MUNIOIP,llL RECOMMEttoPJrON FDIW FflOM COUNCU. IF APPUCASLE. MUST ALSO BE ATTACHED. ONIY THEH WIU. THE APPLICATION BE ACCEPTED ANO DEEMED AEGISTEAABLE BY TI tls OEPAATMEN't

87 Pa993 SKnCH l lse neaaea BaOW TO SKETCH THE l»id APf'U D FOR S)i()WING OISTAHCETO PROMINENT H ARBY FEAT\Jl 9SUCH AS 8VLDINGS, FEHCCS, AOAO ~RSEC110t<8. MN' MUST Al.SO BE ATTACHED. UFlDAYff OF APPLICANT (to.,. rmd ceretulfy) NL. L+J. do hereby make oath and declare as follows: (a) The lnfottnatlon contained in ttlis eppllcation Is true and correct to the belt of mt knowledge and bllief. (b) I have INpected the llnd applied for and have lound no evidence of oc:cupadoo (with the oxc:eptjon of No. 6 andfof No. 7 on page 1, where apphcable). (c) I am not aware of any ady91'm clalm to the land applied tor by any person(s) (d) I recognize and accept that I am solely responsible tor correctly ldentltylng ttie parcel of land that is the subject of 1hls appllcauon. (a) I fully understand that acceptance of this appllcallon by the Deplr1man1 does not giv. me any rights or pnveleges in relatlon to the land under application. (t) I FUU.YUNOERSTAND THAT THE LAND IS NOT TO BE OCCUPIED UNTIL I RECEIVE A FUUY EXECUTED TITlE DOCUMENT. (g) I FUU. Y UNDERSTAND THAT, UNDER SECTION 14 OF THE I.ANOS ACT, THE MINISTER OF GOVERNM Nl SERVICES AHO LANDS MAY CANCEL OR REFUSE THIS APPLICATION AT HIS OR HER OISCRE'TION AT ANY TIME PRIOR TO THE DEUVERY OF A FUU.Y EXECUTED TITLE DOCUMENT. 40 1) 4 ttqll; A OOIHefUndabltJ processing fee ol ONE HUNDRED OOUARS ($ plus 15% H.S.T. for a total of $115.00) must accompwiy this appucatlon. Cheques or money orders ere to be made payable to the NEWFOUNDlANO EXCHEQUER ACCOUNt SANORA COX A Commiuioner for Oethe in Md for '*'9 Province of Newfoundland!Ind L.atndor My oommlalon axplrh on Oeo mber 31, 2013.

88 ... SUMMARY OF AGENCY REFERRALS D Gowmment SeNlca Centre 0 Mines Branch 0 Transportallon Branch D Urban and Rural Planning Divisk>n 0 Municipal Asseasment Agency 0 Environmental AsleSSment OMslOn D WawfResouroesDMs~n 0 Dept of Fisheries and Aquaculture D Agriculture Br9ndl D Fort5'11Y Bfanch 0 Wlldllle Division D Parks Division D Municipal Allthority D FlshWle!I and Oceans (FederaQ D Tourisn Development OMslon D. Other D Other Officers Commenia: 48 FOR ~EPARTMENT US~ ONLY Comments Dale Approved Refuaed Attached Senl D 0 D 0 0 D 0 0 D D 0 D D D D 0 D 0 0 D D D 0 0 D D 0 D D D 0 D D D D D 0 D D D D D D D Date Recetved Page4 Recommtndolloo of RtGtooal Qtt!c : 0 Approved (Complete soctlon below) D Refused (Give reason) 0.. Reglonll!Midi ~r Thie eecaor. to be com,ale'8d by Regional OfflCJ when approval la recommended. Alea approved ~ D ~ <-s Froni.ge I' Consldera1ion/Renllll l I b J {j) BacklRentlll.--. / _ 0' Lease D Grant 0 Ucenoo D Other D Type 'l%,vll <v/ v\~ Lt~S c Cabinet approval required 0 Y86!kl- No Special lnatructiom U> SUIV8yot (If 1ny): ~p- ~ t!k'o'imr;... d ff AfJ UTIN.,._... D Deferred D To CC>inet SpeciallnstnJ~ons: _~ ~

89 49.., FOR 0EPARTMENI USE ONLY I. Pa99S Special Conditions of Appn:wal: Oete Aegionll I.Md ~r Special rrtie Condltloos: Diie Aeglonll Lints Managw

90 " 50 REACTIVATION OF CAN.CELLED APPUCA TION Application No. \{i?23b5 File No.ex SY q \ tj? r fuer n ltu'jis-\ Seo. ~_f_rn_s Fitst Name Middle Nam Femlly Name Po {QoY- \9 o, \hl O:O.iD S!rer-\-, 5\- A\m.0 2,. fb\-\ Z EO MalDng Address ' Date and 1tme Received Recetpt No. CfoQQL\ \ Am<MKtt \ \3.CO oat ~( a i001t.j Date Registered fr\11y«n q 0/0' \ lnidal :Im. TechnJctans Comments: _i... C0::~n!.!.c&~\W)~--l!;fu;J...J.o...l.'tn <l...!....i..:: < ~s..!: u.:!:..' ~CJ't :.4J'""-~Li~..,.q ~J:r-@... ~L;.;,.; K:::..: lo... <Y'S ('.'\L Dlt \L 40(1) Regtonal Lands Technlcltin Recommencf1tlon of Atglonal Office:. 0 Approved (Complete section below) CJ Refused (Give reason) Dlt Reglonal lands Manager This section t.o be completed by Regional Office when approval is recommended. Aree approved Yo 'o0 Frontage a co -C~AslderadordRental \laqj t)(-t tti2 LeaseGl GrantO PermltD OtherD Type 64J,AaLu.\W e: C.blnet approval requlred7 Yes 0 No 0 List 1peclal conditions to be Included In tltle document (If any): Spedal lnstnctlona to survey0t Of any): RtfusedC Date Authorized Ofndel

91 7

92 8

93 1

94 2

95 3

96 APPENDIX "F"

97

98

99

100

101 APPENDIX "G"

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103 APPENDIX "H"

104 r. Newtoihi dland Labrador File # Reg. #1 975 OCT Government of Newfoundland and Labrador Department of Municipal Affairs and Environment Office of the Minister Mr. Bill Bryden P.O. Box 63 Lumsden, NL A0G 3E0 Dear Mr. Bryden: Re: Indian Head Hatchery Expansion Project Section 107 Environmental Protection Act Appeal Thank you for your Notice of Appeal undated and received on September 20, Background On July 17, 2018, Northern Harvest Smolt Ltd (NHS) registered an undertaking for the expansion and upgrading of the Indian Head Hatchery owned by NHS at Stephenville, NL. According to the registration document, the improvements will provide more smolt at a higher quality in order to fully utilize the existing licensed NHS marine sea farms. As per the routine process, the registration document was circulated to all provincial and federal government departments/agencies on the environmental assessment screening committee for their review. No department/agency thought that further assessment through an environmental preview report (EPR) or an environmental impact statement (EIS) was necessary. At the same time, the public was provided with a 35-day review period. The comments received from both government experts and the public were considered, including your own submissions dated July 24, 2018 and August21, As a result of this review, on September 4, 2018 the Indian Head Hatchery Expansion Project was released subject to conditions, the details of which can be found at: assessment/proiects/y201 8/1 975/index.html. Appeal Section 107 of the Environmental Protection Act provides that a person who is aggrieved by a decision made under the Act may appeal that decision in writing to the Minister within 60 days of receipt of that decision. On September 20, 2018, the Department of Municipal Affairs and Environment (this Department) received your appeal pursuant to section 107. You wrote, in part: P.O. Box 8700, St. Johns, NL. Canada Al B 4J6, i

105 Indian elewtotkidiand Labrador / am writing to ask for an appeal of the decision to release the EA Peg Head Hatchery and associated open net pens from a complete project description as per required under the environmental assessment act. I am also appealing for the Minister to require an EIS. Summarizing your appeal you wrote: I ask the government to review this decision to not require the inclusion of open net pens as part of the Marine Harvest expansion plans in Stephenville NL (Peg #1975) and require all components of the undertaking to be thoroughly registered and described including open net pens using these fish that require NL government permits and management. I also ask the Minister to require an EIS. Project Splitting The undertaking as registered proposes to expand and upgrade the existing Indian Head Hatchery. While this expansion and upgrading will provide more smolt to fully utilize the existing licensed NHS marine sea farms, the focus of the undertaking is the existing physical structure of the hatchery. As per section 29 of the Environmental Assessment Regulations, an undertaking involving marine sea farms is required to be registered only where there is the construction of shorebased facilities, other than wharves and storage buildings. In this Province, marine sea farms and hatcheries have developed both independently and with each other. For example, at Hopeall Fish Farm Hatchery, the hatchery serves as a supplier to other companies marine sea farm and therefore there is no marine sea farm connected to the project. Similarly, at the hatchery facility which is the subject of this undertaking in Stephenville and at the St. Alban s Salmon Hatchery, marine sea farms utilizing the smolt grown at these hatcheries were operating prior to the hatchery construction. Aquaculture activities in Newfoundland and Labrador are subject to federal regulation under the mandates of Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Transport Canada, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Health Canada, and the Canadian Food Inspection Agency. For example, the federal Aquaculture Activities Regulations provide conditions under which aquaculture operators can install, operate, maintain, and remove an aquaculture facility, as well as how they take measures to treat their fish for disease and parasites, and deposit organic matter. The aquaculture industry is also subject to provincial legislation under the mandates of the Department of Fisheries and Land Resources and this Department. The 33 NHS marine sea farm sites, intended to be stocked with fish coming from the hatchery expansion, are existing licensed sites that went through the licensing process, which included a provincial and federal review process and an environment review and public consultation prior to license. The NHS Indian Head Hatchery was registered as an undertaking for environmental assessment with this Department in November 2010 and released from review with P.O. Box 8700, St. Johns, NL Canada Al B 4J www,gov.ni.ca 2

106 Trial rtewtoijwdiand Labrador conditions in January The facility was constructed in 2011 and began producing smolt in 2012 exclusively for the NHS marine sea farms. The facility operates under an aquaculture license AQ1 087 issued by the Department of Fisheries and Land Resources. Furthermore, NHS advises that while they do intend to increase production, that the increase will occur on fully licensed sites that have not been stocked to their full licensed capacity and that they have not submitted any plans to expand site perimeters or capacity of any of its sites. Therefore, the hatchery expansion does not create any increase in the marine environmental footprint that has not already been evaluated and approved. The Department of Fisheries and Land Resources advise that it is standard for hatcheries to produce less than the maximum production capacity in response to annual demand. A review by the Department of Fisheries and Land Resources demonstrates that without the expansion, NHS will be required to continue sourcing smolt from out-of-province hatcheries for all year classes, which is not ideal from a biosecurity, economic, and performance perspective. Pursuant to the Environmental Protection Act environmental assessment means a process by which the environmental effect of an undertaking is predicted and evaluated before the undertaking has begun or occurred. The marine sea farm sites associated with this undertaking have been evaluated in accordance with the established licensing process and existed prior to the proposed expansion of the hatchery. No modifications to the existing license marine sea farms are required. As a result, section 29 is inapplicable and the marine sea farm component of the undertaking will not require registration under the Environmental Protection Act. You have quoted a number of sections of the decision of the Newfoundland and Labrador Supreme Court - Division in its July 20, 2017 decision in Atlantic Salmon Federation (Canada) v Newfoundland (Environment and Climate Change). That decision arose out of an application which challenged the Minister s decision to register the Placentia Bay Atlantic Salmon Aquaculture Project [Grieg] and the decision to release that project from further environmental assessment with conditions. It must be considered however, that in that case the court was dealing with a project distinguishable from this undertaking. The Grieg project required new cage sites in order to support the hatchery production and this involved the use of the Aqualine Midgard cage system and European-strain triploid Atlantic salmon; both being new to the Newfoundland and Labrador salmon aquaculture industry. In addition, the Grieg project proposes to locate the cages within Placentia Bay, the first time that any salmon aquaculture facilities have been constructed in Placentia Bay. Unlike the Grieg project, the Indian Head Hatchery is an expansion, and not a new development and the sea farms identified in the registration are licensed to receive the strain of fish and the approximate number of fish the hatchery expansion will be able to supply. P.O. Box St. Johns, NL. canada Al B 4J

107 r TewroJflnd Labrador Requirement for an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) The undertaking was examined as per section 50(1) of the Environmental Protection Act and a determination was made under section 51(1) to release the undertaking. In releasing the undertaking because the environmental effects of the undertaking will be mitigated under an act of the province or Canada, section 23(1) (c)-(h) and section 23(2) (a)-(e) of the Environmental Assessment Regulations were considered. Specifically this Department considered issues of concern relating to the environmental effects of the undertaking, including the management of hatchery waste, management and disposal of solid waste, potential contamination of groundwater and soil by hydrocarbons and metals, as well as the need for water quality monitoring, hydrogeologic assessment and real time water quality monitoring, treating and transferring diseases, and use of feed with chemicals. This Department also considered, as required, whether or not licences, certificates, permits, approvals, or other required documents of authorization will mitigate these environmental effects. In doing so, it was identified that: A waste management plan, which includes solid waste disposal, will require approval by the Pollution Prevention Division. Waste management must also meet requirements of an aquaculture licence application. Effluent leaving the hatchery must conform to the Environmental Control Water and Sewage Regulations, 2003 and any analyses completed for the purposes of compliance determination will be subject to the Accredited Laboratory Policy. Pursuant to the Water Resources Act, 2002, permits will be required for drilled wells, work in any body of water. A water use licence will also be necessary and water quality monitoring will inform any mitigations for contamination remediation. The undertaking is required to adhere to the Aquaculture Activities Regulations. Although the proponent provided water quality and quantity monitoring information, the undertaking was found to be lacking in the required details for hydrogeological assessment and real-time water quality monitoring. Provision of this information requires continued involvement and consultation with the Water Resources Management Division. As such, additional information will be obtained through conditions of release as per the Minister s discretion under section 56(c) of the Environmental Protection Act. Section 25 of the EnvironmentalAssessment Regulations sets the criteria that must be considered for the requirement of an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS), including where there maybe significant negative environmental effects or there is significant public concern As described above, there was no significant negative environmental effects of the hatchery operation identified. Those environmental effects that were identified will be addressed through existing regulations and conditions of release. Furthermore, there was no significant public concern raised during the environmental assessment of the hatchery or during the public review of your appeal. P.O. Box 8700, St. Johns, NL. Canada Al B 4J6 %

108 F Tew1buhdland Labrador Twenty-three public comments on the undertaking were received during the registration phase of the environmental assessment. Approximately 75% of the 23 comments submitted were in support of the undertaking and support was indicated across a variety of categories, including the general public, industry, and municipal governance. You indicate that there are significant concerns from a coalition of environmental non-governmental organizations but responses were received from only one self-identified non-governmental conservation group. As your submission did not indicate any affiliation, it was categorized as general public. Regardless of categorization, points raised in each submission with respect to the expansion and operation of the hatchery were acknowledged, investigated, and contributed to the identification and mitigation of environmental effects. This Department received ten public submissions on your appeal document, all of which were in support of my September 4, 2018 decision to release the undertaking. Decision For all of these reasons, and after fully considering all your arguments and comments, pursuant to section 107 of the Environmental Protection Act, lam dismissing your appeal. If you have any questions concerning this matter, please contact Dr. Susan Squires, Dire,qor, Environmental Assessment Division, at (709) or sus adsciuires qov.nl.ca. A RSONS, OC Municipal Affairs and Environment P.O. Box St. Johns, NL, canada Al B 4J

109 APPENDIX "I"

110 Committee on the Status of Wildlife Species in Canada November 26, 2015 Clarification note for: COSEWIC assessments and update status reports conducted on Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in This note is to clarify the treatment of farm-raised (either land-based or sea cageraised) Atlantic salmon in COSEWIC assessments for all designatable units assessed by COSEWIC in Farm-raised Atlantic salmon refer to those fish that are raised in aquacultural facilities for commercial purposes or that escape from such facilities and return to rivers to spawn. This clarification is in response to a query from Fisheries and Oceans Canada, received in September of 2015, on how COSEWIC would treat farmed salmon in future re-assessments of Atlantic salmon. COSEWIC has developed a series of guidelines 2 to evaluate whether or not populations of animals or plants, which have been directly or indirectly manipulated by humans, should be included in COSEWIC assessments. For instance, the prohibitions specified by SARA apply to individuals in the population identified and assessed by COSEWIC. Clear definition of whether wild and manipulated components are part of the assessed population (the wildlife species in SARA terminology) is essential to determining which individuals or components would be subject to SARA prohibitions. This determination must be made based on whether manipulated populations are genetically or geographically distinct from populations in the wild. At least two of these guidelines justify the exclusion of aquaculture-produced Atlantic salmon from COSEWIC assessments. Guideline #2: COSEWIC will generally not consider as part of the wildlife species being assessed any manipulated populations established for purposes other than species conservation (for example, those established for commercial purposes) provided the population is geographically or genetically distinct from the wildlife species under assessment, and there is no intention that the population contribute to the wild population. Under such a scenario, COSEWIC will clearly indicate why the population is excluded.

111 Aquaculture Atlantic Salmon are raised for commercial purposes, not for conservation of the wildlife species, and are genetically distinct from wild salmon and are thus excluded from assessments under this guideline. Guideline #6: If introgression is known or suspected, COSEWIC will consider whether it is likely to negatively affect the conservation of the wildlife species. A net negative impact is one predicted to result in a reduction in the average fitness of individuals of the wildlife species being assessed (reflected, for example, by a reduced probability of survival, reduced population growth rate, and/or reduced ability to adapt to environmental change). Under these circumstances, F1 hybrids, if identifiable, and their progeny would not be included as part of the wildlife species being assessed. Where introgression in a population is considered extensive, it may be prudent to exclude the entire population from the wildlife species being assessed. Instead, these populations may be identified as a threat to the wildlife species. There is a considerable body of evidence indicating that Atlantic Salmon that escape from fish farms survive, return to streams to spawn, and hybridize with wild Atlantic Salmon, and that such interactions with farmed salmon results in the reduced performance and fitness of the recipient wild population 3-5. Consequently, escaped farm-raised Atlantic Salmon, provided that they can be identified, are excluded from assessment. References 1 COSEWIC COSEWIC assessment and status report on the Atlantic Salmon Salmo salar (Nunavik population, Labrador population, Northeast Newfoundland population, South Newfoundland population, Southwest Newfoundland population, Northwest Newfoundland population, Quebec Eastern North Shore population, Quebec Western North Shore population, Anticosti Island population, Inner St. Lawrence population, Lake Ontario population, Gaspé-Southern Gulf of St. Lawrence population, Eastern Cape Breton population, Nova Scotia Southern Upland population, Inner Bay of Fundy population, Outer Bay of Fundy population) in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. Ottawa. xlvii pp. ( 2 COSEWIC COSEWIC Guidelines on Manipulated Populations. The Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. Website: Accessed September Carr, J. W., Anderson, J. M., Whoriskey, F. G., and Dilworth, T The occurrence and spawning of cultured Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in a Canadian river. ICES Journal of Marine Science: Journal du Conseil 54: Naylor, R., Hindar, K., Fleming, I. A., Goldburg, R., Williams, S., Volpe, J., & Mangel, M Fugitive salmon: assessing the risks of escaped fish from net-pen aquaculture. Bioscience 55:

112 5 Bourret, V., O'Reilly, P. T., Carr, J. W., Berg, P. R., and Bernatchez, L Temporal change in genetic integrity suggests loss of local adaptation in a wild Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) population following introgression by farmed escapees. Heredity 106:

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295 Newfoundland and Labrador Region Canadian Science Advisory Secretariat Science Advisory Report 2012/007 RECOVERY POTENTIAL ASSESSMENT FOR THE SOUTH NEWFOUNDLAND ATLANTIC SALMON (SALMO SALAR) DESIGNATABLE UNIT 14A NEWFOUNDLAND CU 6 11 DU 4 10 CU 5 Figure 1. Salmon Fishing Areas (SFAs) 9 12 and Conservation Units (CUs) 5 6 that make up the South Newfoundland Designatable Unit (DU) Context In 2010, South Newfoundland Atlantic salmon were designated Threatened by the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC 2010) due to the significant decline in abundance over the last three generations. A recovery potential assessment (RPA) was conducted by DFO Science to provide information and scientific advice required to meet various requirements of the Species at Risk Act (SARA). The advice in the RPA may be used to inform both scientific and socio-economic elements of the listing decision, in the development of a recovery strategy and action plan, and to support decision-making with regards to the issuance of permits, agreements and related conditions, as per relevant sections of SARA. This Science Advisory Report (SAR) describes the status of Atlantic salmon populations in DFO Salmon Fishing Areas (SFAs) 9-12 that make up the South Newfoundland designatable unit (DU 4) and updates information presented in the COSEWIC Status Report. Historic population trajectories and projections are presented. This scientific advice also addresses the major threats to the survival and recovery of South Newfoundland Atlantic salmon and the limiting factors. This information was presented and reviewed at a regional science peer review meeting conducted February 14-17, 2012 in St. John s, NL. January 2013

296 Newfoundland and Labrador Region South Newfoundland Atlantic Salmon RPA SUMMARY The South Newfoundland Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) DU 4 comprises Salmon Fishing Areas (SFAs) 9-12 and the population is estimated to have declined by 42.4% over the last three generations ( ; small salmon 41.5% and large salmon 48.3%). The most substantial estimated decline occurred in SFA 11 which strongly influenced the total abundance for DU 4. Marine survival (smolts to adult) is variable in DU 4, averaging 4% (± 2%), and seems to have declined more in SFA 11 than in SFA 9, as evidenced by Conne River s (SFA 11) decline of 61.6% from ; Northeast Brook s (SFA 9) 18% decline ( ); and Rocky River s increase of 33.5% ( ). Population projections over three generations (15 years) and under different recreational fishery management scenarios were undertaken for the South Newfoundland (DU 4) Atlantic salmon population to estimate the probabilities of: (1) maintaining current population levels, (2) achieving the Conservation Requirement, and (3) achieving the Pre- Decline Mean ( ). According to these projections, under contemporary marine and angling mortality rates, there is a 50% chance that the DU 4 population will drop below its current size. There is a 23% chance of achieving the Conservation Requirement and 12% chance of achieving the Pre-decline mean. Under a no-angling scenario and a contemporary marine survival rate of 4% (± 2%), there is a 74% chance that the population will remain at or exceed its current size. There is a 52% chance of achieving the Conservation Requirement and 27% chance of achieving the Pre-decline mean. Under a catch-and-release only angling scenario and a contemporary marine survival rate of 4% (± 2%), there is a 70% chance that the population will remain at or exceed its current size. There is a 42% chance of achieving the Conservation Requirement and 26% chance of achieving the Pre-decline mean. According to these projections, over the next three generations (15 years) a minimum 5% average marine survival, at contemporary angling levels, would be required to have a 75% chance of maintaining or exceeding the current population size. To achieve the Conservation Requirement, marine survival would need to increase to an average of 6% and increase to an average of 7% to achieve the Pre-decline mean. Under a no-angling scenario, a minimum 5% average marine survival would be required to have a 75% chance of maintaining or exceeding the current population size. To achieve the Conservation Requirement, marine survival would need to be an average of 5% and increase to an average of 6% to achieve the Pre-decline mean. Under a catch-and-release only angling scenario, a minimum 5% average marine survival would be required to have a 75% chance of maintaining or exceeding the current population size. To achieve the Conservation Requirement marine survival would need to be an average of 5% and increase to an average of 6% to achieve the Pre-decline mean. 2

297 Newfoundland and Labrador Region South Newfoundland Atlantic Salmon RPA Freshwater habitat quality and quantity are not thought to be limiting the production or recovery of DU 4 salmon. The greatest threat to the recovery of the South Newfoundland Atlantic salmon population is continued low marine survival. Factors influencing marine survival may include: illegal fisheries, mixed-stock marine fisheries and by-catch, ecological and genetic interactions with escaped domestic Atlantic salmon, and changes in marine ecosystems. The degree of influence of these factors is unknown and many have the potential to affect salmon in other DUs where populations have been stable or increasing. Understanding the possible unique factors that impact the biological condition of Atlantic salmon during the marine phase of their life-cycle and marine habitat quality within the DU 4 area are key knowledge gaps that need to be addressed. BACKGROUND Rationale for Assessment South Newfoundland Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L., 1758) were assessed to have declined by 37% for large salmon and 26% for small salmon from 1994 to 2007 and on this basis was designated Threatened in November 2010 by the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC, 2010). The COSEWIC report noted that there has been a significant historical decline in salmon beyond the last three generations and stated that extending the time series back one additional year would have produced decline rates of 52.5% and 50.1% for small and large salmon respectively. As part of this post-cosewic process, scientific information is needed for the assessment of the social and economic cost and benefit of potential management scenarios for recovery, to support the listing decision of whether to add the species to Schedule 1 of the Species at Risk Act (SARA) and in the potential development of a recovery strategy and action plans. Information contained in this recovery potential assessment (RPA) is primarily from the COSEWIC Report (COSEWIC 2010), recent peer-reviewed DFO Newfoundland and Labrador (NL) Regional assessments of Atlantic salmon in SFAs 9-12 and Conservation Status Reports for Atlantic salmon previously published by DFO (DFO and MRNF 2008, 2009). Information in this document regarding anthropogenic impacts on Atlantic salmon should be considered along with details found in the Conservation Status Report, Atlantic Salmon in Atlantic Canada and Québec: PART II Anthropogenic Considerations (DFO and MRNF 2009). Species Biology and Ecology Anadromous Atlantic salmon are an iteroparous species (capable of spawning multiple times). A defining characteristic of anadromous salmonids is the ability to return, with a high degree of fidelity, to their natal river or tributary for spawning (homing). Such precision in homing has led to the formation and maintenance of local adaptations, resulting in much of the variability in genetic, life history, behavioural and other traits observed. Depending on the population, spawners returning to rivers are comprised of varying proportions of maiden fish (spawning for the first time) and repeat spawners. Maiden salmon in South 3

298 Newfoundland and Labrador Region South Newfoundland Atlantic Salmon RPA Newfoundland populations are predominantly small salmon with a fork length less than 63 cm that return to spawn after one winter at sea (1SW, one-sea-winter; also known as grilse ), with a few larger fish returning after two winters at sea (2SW). The large salmon component (fork length 63 cm) of the South Newfoundland population consists mainly of repeat spawning grilse and multi-sea-winter fish (MSW, two or more winters at sea). Repeat spawners from this population tend to spawn in consecutive years with a few alternate spawners returning every second year. Adult South Newfoundland Atlantic salmon return to their natal rivers from May to mid-july from feeding and staging areas in the sea. Spawning usually occurs in late October to early November in gravel-bottomed riffle areas of streams. Fertilization of eggs can involve both adult males and sexually mature juvenile males (precocious parr). Spawned-out or spent adult salmon (kelts) return to sea immediately after spawning or remain in freshwater until the following spring. Eggs incubate in the spawning nests (redds) over the winter months and hatching usually begins in April or May. The hatchlings (alevins) remain in the gravel for several weeks living off large yolk sacs. Upon emergence from the gravel in late May or early June, the yolk sac is absorbed and the free-swimming young fish (fry) begin active feeding. Juvenile salmon (parr) in the South Newfoundland population typically rear in fluvial (riverine) and lacustrine (standing water) habitats for three to four years before smolting (physiological change required to live in salt water) and migrating to sea in spring (April or May). South Newfoundland Designatable Unit (DU 4; SFAs 9-12) DU 4 includes salmon rivers in Salmon Fishing Areas (SFAs) The South Newfoundland DU of Atlantic salmon includes freshwater populations found from the southeast tip of the Avalon Peninsula (defined by Mistaken Point) westward along the south coast to Cape Ray (Fig. 1). There are currently 104 known watersheds of which 58 rivers are scheduled for recreational salmon fishing. Scheduled rivers generally have abundant salmon populations and have historically had recreational fisheries. However, salmon may also be present in a number of unscheduled rivers. There are no known extirpations of salmon in the South Newfoundland DU and one population has been introduced (Appendix 1). Anadromous Atlantic salmon were initially introduced to Rocky River following the construction of a fishway to allow access beyond an impassable waterfall at the river mouth. Enhancement initiatives occurred on Rocky River from Enhancement activities have also occurred, and continue to occur, on Little River in SFA 11 by the Miawpukek First Nation. ASSESSMENT Status and Trends Total South Newfoundland DU 4 Spawning Escapement The status of the South Newfoundland DU 4 Atlantic salmon population was assessed using monitoring facility data, recreational fishery data ( ), and commercial catch data prior to the moratoria in 1992 ( ). Monitoring facility data are available from four currently monitored rivers (Conne River, Little River, Northeast Brook and Rocky River). Angling exploitation rates were determined for rivers that have both a monitoring facility and angler catch rates derived from recreational fishery data (Licence Stub). These exploitation rates are applied, without adjustment, to south coast rivers that have angling data but where no counting facilities exist. The monitoring facility data from DU 4 are heavily biased to the eastern area of this DU (SFA 9-11) and may not be representative of the entire DU. Furthermore, rivers with no angling 4

299 Newfoundland and Labrador Region South Newfoundland Atlantic Salmon RPA catch were not included in the abundance estimates provided. More detailed information regarding the method used to estimate salmon abundance in DU 4 (SFAs 9-12) can be found in Reddin and Veinott Spawning escapement estimates (the number of fish available to spawn each year after all fisheries have taken place) were used for the overall DU 4 trend analysis. Escapement was chosen over pre-fishery abundance based on COSEWIC s criteria to use mature individuals who are capable of reproducing. Within COSEWIC, definitions of mature individuals are further defined as follows: Mature individuals that will never produce new recruits should not be counted. The generation time, based on COSEWIC criteria to use the average age of parents of the current cohort (i.e. newborn individuals in the population), for DU 4 salmon was calculated using a mean modal smolt age of 3.1 years, as in the COSEWIC report. However, in the COSEWIC report only 1 year was added for the marine phase of the life-cycle. This does not include the time from spawning to hatching or the time maturing adults spend in freshwater prior to spawning. The modal age of parents of the current age-0 cohort would be 5 years, spawning to spawning. Therefore, for the present assessment, trends during the last three generations were analyzed over 15 years ( ). Abundance trends were assessed with a general linear model using a negative binomial error distribution. Values for the calculation of percent change in abundance were taken from the predicted values of the general linear model (latest year and that from three generations previous, i.e., 2010 and 1996). The statistical significance of the estimates was assessed at the 95% confidence level. The most recent estimate (2010) of adult abundance for DU 4 was 22,404 salmon (range 15,262-29,546 salmon), with 20,744 (range 14,065-27,423) small salmon and 1,660 (range 1,197-2,123) large salmon (Figure 2). The lowest abundance during the last three generations ( ) was in 2001 with 18,572 salmon and the highest was in 1996 with 60,671 salmon. However, monitoring facility data and catch information suggest 2007 was the lowest year on record. Statistically significant declines (P<0.05) in abundance between 1996 and 2010 were determined for small salmon (41.5%), large salmon (48.3%) and total salmon (42.4%) (Fig. 2). The declines in DU 4 salmon abundance from (15 years) are greater than those calculated for the period (13 years) (small 37.3%, large 26.2%, and total abundance 36.0%) reported by COSEWIC (2010). Adult abundance for DU 4 during the previous three generations ( ) was compared to the Conservation Requirement achieved and the Pre-Decline Mean ( ). The conservation requirement for insular Newfoundland rivers in DU 4 has been defined as an egg deposition rate of 2.4 eggs/m 2 of fluvial rearing habitat and 368 eggs/hectare of lacustrine habitat. In terms of the approximate number of small salmon spawners needed to produce these egg deposition rates, the conservation requirement for DU 4 is 30,852 salmon. The pre-decline mean ( ) total salmon abundance in DU 4 is 42,792 salmon. During the previous three generations ( ) the total abundance of salmon in DU 4 met or exceeded the conservation requirement in 4 of the 15 years (27% of the time) (1996, 1997, 2000 and 2006) and only once in the past 10 years (Fig. 2). The total abundance of salmon in DU 4 met or exceeded the pre-decline mean in only two years during (13% of the time) (Fig. 2). 5

300 Newfoundland and Labrador Region South Newfoundland Atlantic Salmon RPA Small Salmon abundance Salmon abundance Salmon abundance Large Total Year Figure 2. Atlantic salmon escapement (mean ± 2SE) (small: top panel; large: middle panel; total: bottom panel) for DU 4 (SFA 9-12) ( ). Superimposed is the general linear model (± 2SE prediction intervals) used to determine trends in abundance over the past three generations ( ). The three horizontal lines in the bottom panel represent the estimated conservation spawner requirement (solid black line), long-term mean (dashed black line), and abundance three generations prior to 1996 ( ) (solid grey line). 6

301 Newfoundland and Labrador Region South Newfoundland Atlantic Salmon RPA South Newfoundland SFAs and River Specific Spawning Escapement The trend analyses conducted for DU 4 were also applied to each individual SFA (9-12), the four currently monitored rivers, and the composite index of these four rivers. Results of these various abundance trend analyses are presented in Table 1 along with those from DU 4 for comparison. As with DU 4 spawning escapement, declines over the previous three generations ( ) occurred within each SFA. However, declines were greatest and statistically significant only in SFA 11 (Table 1). For individual rivers, Conne River and Little River in SFA 11 had statistically significant declines in both small (55.5% and 66.1% respectively) and large (64.8% and 95.3% respectively) salmon abundance since 1996, strongly influencing the trend in total abundance for DU 4. Small salmon abundance for Northeast Brook has remained relatively stable since 1996 but large salmon have declined by 81%. Rocky River is the only monitored river on the south coast where the abundance of small salmon has increased (+78.8%). However, large salmon abundance has declined on all monitored rivers, in each SFA and collectively in DU 4. Table 1: Percent change (P-value) in Atlantic salmon escapement for DU 4 from (COSEWIC Report) and for DU 4 (SFAs 9-12), each SFA, South Coast Index, Conne River, Little River, Northeast Brook, and Rocky River. Statistically significant trends are bolded. Assessed Area DU COSEWIC Status Report DU 4 (SFAs 9-12) SFA 9 SFA 10 SFA 11 SFA 12 South Coast Index Conne River (SFA 11) Little River* (SFA 11) Northeast Brook (SFA 9) Rocky River (SFA 9) Small Salmon (0.063) (0.009) (0.202) (0.147) (0.002) (0.277) (0.091) (0.002) (0.032) (0.620) (0.055) Percent Change (P-value) Large Salmon Total Salmon (0.293) (0.071) (0.012) (0.152) (0.102) (0.002) (0.195) (<0.0001) (0.001) (<0.0001) (<0.0001) (0.123) (0.006) (0.184) (0.126) (0.001) (0.253) (0.024) (0.001) (0.009) (0.271) (0.084) * Total returns of salmon minus known removals other than for brood stock were used for Little River. Brood stock removals and fry stocking occurred to

302 Newfoundland and Labrador Region South Newfoundland Atlantic Salmon RPA Freshwater Production Survival in freshwater can be approximated from estimates of numbers of eggs deposited and subsequent production of migrating smolts. Egg-to-smolt survival can vary substantially among rivers as well as within rivers over time. Egg-to-smolt survival averaged 1.3% (range %) for Conne River, 0.5% (range %) for Northeast Brook (Trepassey) and 0.9% (range %) for Rocky River (Fig. 3). 3.0 Egg-to-smolt survival % 2.5 Conne River Year-class 1.2 Egg-to-smolt survival % Year-class Northeast Brook, Trepassey 2.5 Egg-to-smolt survival % 2.0 Rocky Year-class Figure 3. Freshwater survival, calculated as percent egg-to-smolt survival, of Atlantic salmon at Conne River, Northeast Brook (Trepassey), and Rocky River. The number of smolts produced at monitored rivers appears to be constrained by certain carrying capacities (Fig. 4). Conne River normally produces between 55,000 and 75,000 smolts and Northeast Brook (Trepassey) appears to be a limited to about smolts. Spawner numbers at Rocky River increased in 2008 and 2010, likely as a result of enhancement activities, and smolt production from these year classes will increase our knowledge regarding the capacity of this river. 8

303 Newfoundland and Labrador Region South Newfoundland Atlantic Salmon RPA Conne River Smolts Spawners Northeast Brook Rocky River Smolts Smolts Spawners Spawners Figure 4. Atlantic salmon spawner and smolt recruitment data from Conne River, Northeast Brook (Trepassey) and Rocky River. Years indicate egg-year. Superimposed are the Beverton-Holt and Ricker stock recruitment models. Marine Survival - Smolt to Adult Small Salmon Marine return rates of smolt as adult salmon were calculated as a proxy for marine survival using the total return of small salmon in year x and the smolt counts in year x-1. Small salmon include a portion of repeat spawners, therefore, survival rates would be slightly lower for maiden 1-SW fish. Marine survival for the three monitored rivers in DU 4 varied widely (Fig. 5). Highest survivals for Conne River and Northeast Brook (Trepassey) occurred in the mid-1980s to mid-1990s, and for the year 2000 for Conne River. Survival rates on Rocky River were relatively low throughout the time series (record low in 2007) with the exception of two record high years in 2008 and Mean marine survival rates over the previous three generations are 3.8% for Conne River, 5.1% for Northeast Brook (Trepassey) and 3.5% for Rocky River (Fig. 5). Marine survival trends were assessed with a general linear model using a binomial error distribution that allowed for over-dispersion. Values for the calculation of percent change in marine survival were taken from the predicted values of the general linear model (latest and 9

304 Newfoundland and Labrador Region South Newfoundland Atlantic Salmon RPA earliest year in time series). The statistical significance of the trend was assessed at the 95% confidence level. Marine survival of smolts to small salmon declined by 61.6% since 1988 (P = ) for Conne River and remained relatively stable on Northeast Brook (Trepassey) since 1987 (18% decline, P = 0.389) and Rocky River since 1991 (33.5% increase, P = 0.308) (Fig. 5). However, over the previous 15 years (1995 to 2009 smolts), there was a 35.3% decline for Conne River (P = 0.218), 12.0% decline on Northeast Brook (Trepassey) (P = 0.272) and a 44.3% increase on Rocky River (P = 0.362) Conne River Survival % Year Northeast Brook (Trepassey) Rocky River Survival % Survival % Year Year Figure 5. Atlantic salmon smolt to small salmon survival for Conne River ( ), Northeast Brook (Trepassey) ( ) and Rocky River ( ). Superimposed is the general linear model (± 2SE prediction intervals) used to determine trends in survival over the time series. The horizontal dashed line represents the mean survival rate over the previous three generations. Recreational Fishery Recreational fishery data are reported for the period , based on the licence stub return system. Fishing effort is presented as rod days, defined as any day or part of a day on which each angler fishes. Catch per unit effort (CPUE) was calculated using all retained and released fish. Trends in angling catches were analyzed by fitting a general linear model (GLM) separately to the retained catch, released catch, retained and released catch, and CPUE. Analyses were confined to small salmon only as they represent about 95% of the reported catch of both small and large fish. Angling data were log e transformed. Adjusted means and standard errors were back-transformed to provide a trend in overall angling catch where the model accounts for both year and region (SFA) effects. 10

305 Newfoundland and Labrador Region South Newfoundland Atlantic Salmon RPA Retained catch from DU 4 declined significantly from (P < 0.01), while the combined retained and released catch also trended downward but was not statistically significant (P > 0.05) (Fig. 6). Released catch and CPUE increased but were not statistically significant (P > 0.05) (Fig. 6). Collectively, the angling data provide mixed results from which to infer meaningful results regarding the status of these populations. Small - Retained Small Salmon - Retained catch Year Small - Total Small salmon - Retained + Released Year Small - Released Small salmon - Released catch Year Small - CPUE Total Small salmon - CPUE Total catch Year Figure 6. Trends in retained and released catches and catch per unit of effort (CPUE) for small salmon from DU Vertical lines represent ±1 SE. The declining catch may be related to an overall decrease in effort (rod days) that, in some years (1994, 1995, 1997, 1998, 2003, 2004), was likely associated with environmental river closures (i.e. due to low water levels or warm water temperatures) removing 25 to 34% of potential fishing days. River closures must be kept in mind when comparing yearly catch and effort information and is partially why rivers without a monitoring facility are not routinely assessed for population status. Habitat Requirements Residence Requirements Residence is defined in SARA as a, dwelling-place, such as a den, nest or other similar area or place, that is occupied or habitually occupied by one or more individuals during all or part of their life cycles, including breeding, rearing, staging, wintering, feeding or hibernating. Female Atlantic salmon excavate depressions and remove debris from gravels in the substrate to form redds (or nests). After spawning, females cover the eggs with substrate. These redds are essential for incubation of the eggs and for sheltering yolk-sac fry for an extended period of five months or more. If the physical structure of the redd is disturbed or destroyed, there would be very high to total mortality of eggs and yolk-sac fry. As a result, redds would meet the criteria of a residence as defined by SARA. 11

306 Newfoundland and Labrador Region South Newfoundland Atlantic Salmon RPA Habitat Properties Information for this section has been abstracted and/or synthesized from a more comprehensive review and synthesis in DFO and MRNF 2008 and Amiro 2006; Freshwater habitat utilization by Atlantic salmon is diverse and widely documented. Atlantic salmon may utilize several different freshwater habitats to complete a life cycle (fluvial, lacustrine, and estuarine) (see Appendix 2 from DFO and MRNF 2008 for summary). Various habitats are preferred for feeding, wintering, spawning, early life history nursery and rearing, and migration. Habitat quality is affected by: 1) seasonal temperatures, 2) stream discharge, 3) water chemistry (e.g., ph, nutrient levels, oxygen concentration), 4) turbidity, 5) invertebrate abundance and 6) physical perturbations (e.g., impoundments, deforestation), as well as many other factors. Connectivity among habitat types is an important determinant of growth, survival and lifetime reproductive success. Atlantic salmon streams are generally clean, cool, and well oxygenated, and characterized by: moderately low (2 m/km) to moderately high (11.5 m/km) gradients; bottom substrates composed of assorted gravel, cobble and boulder; water with ph values greater than 5.5; and low (<0.02%) silt loads. Streams with about 70% riffle area appear to be optimum. Salmon prefer dynamically stable stream channels that develop natural riffles, rapids, pools and flats which are utilized during different life stages. Highest population densities and productivities are associated with rivers that have moderate summer temperatures (15º to 22 C) and moderate (25 cm/sec) flows. The following are brief summaries regarding the habitat properties of various life stages of Atlantic salmon in Newfoundland. Spawning and Larval Stage Spawning of Atlantic salmon in South Newfoundland rivers involves two life stages; 1) adult salmon, and 2) precocious male parr. Habitat criteria for spawning sites of Atlantic salmon vary greatly with conditions present within a watershed. Generally Atlantic salmon spawn in relatively shallow, swift-velocity habitats where adequate spawning substrate (gravel 1-6 cm) is available with adequate intra-gravel flow. Atlantic salmon require fluvial habitat for spawning and have not been observed spawning in lacustrine habitat. The minimum oxygen concentration for successful incubation of eggs varies with developmental stage, and oxygen concentration may be reduced by deposited fine sediment. Habitat criteria for spawning sites are narrower than those for small juvenile rearing. Juvenile After emergence from the gravel, juvenile salmon establish and defend territories. The size of a territory is influenced by both biotic and abiotic factors including channel morphology, substrate, gradient, water quantity and quality, cover, food abundance, and predator and competitor abundance. Juvenile salmon parr in South Newfoundland rivers use fluvial and lacustrine habitat for rearing purposes. The widespread use of lacustrine habitat by parr in Newfoundland streams is believed to be due to the relative lack of predators and competitors. Growth of parr occupying lakes and ponds has been shown to be higher than for parr from fluvial habitats. In Newfoundland rivers, parr growth rates were higher in rivers dominated by lacustrine habitat compared to those comprised mainly of fluvial habitat. Parr growth occurs at temperatures above 7ºC and juveniles feed on invertebrates. Parr prefer stream gradients ranging from 0.5 to 1.5%. River utilized by juvenile Atlantic salmon are generally clear, cool and well oxygenated, and possessing bottom substrates of gravel, cobble and boulder. Thus, a diverse array of well 12

307 Newfoundland and Labrador Region South Newfoundland Atlantic Salmon RPA connected habitat types is required, as well as migration corridors free from physical, chemical or biological barriers that prevent or impede in-river movements of parr or the downstream movements of parr and smolts to the estuary. Adult Within the freshwater environment, adult anadromous Atlantic salmon require habitat with a high degree of connectivity, to allow adults to enter, stage and migrate to spawning grounds. Additionally, many adult salmon remain in freshwater to overwinter after spawning. Marine habitat requirements for salmon are less well known than those for freshwater. This lack of information is due in part to the difficulty in collecting data and tracking salmon at sea. Currently, the only indicator of marine habitat quality that is commonly applied to salmon is sea surface temperature. Based on research in the Labrador Sea, Atlantic salmon have been captured in marine water temperatures ranging from 1º to 13ºC, with highest catch rates in areas of water temperature between 4º and 10ºC. The diet of adult salmon is known to be quite variable and has been shown to include more than 40 different fish species or species groups and more than 10 taxonomic groups of invertebrates. Overall, the most important components of their diet include sand lance, capelin, herring, and cod along with planktonic amphipods. Spatial Extent of Habitat Freshwater Habitat The South Newfoundland DU of Atlantic salmon includes rivers extending from the southeast tip of the Avalon Peninsula, Mistaken Point, and westward along the south coast to Cape Ray. There are currently 104 known watersheds of which 58 are scheduled Atlantic salmon rivers. There are no dams or man-made barriers that have removed naturally accessible freshwater habitat for Atlantic salmon. Previously inaccessible habitat on Rocky River (SFA 9) was made available to salmon by the construction of a fishway that opened 2300 ha of salmon habitat. Marine Habitat Marine habitat of Atlantic salmon smolts from DU 4 ranges from the coastal waters adjacent to the south coast of Newfoundland and northward through the Labrador Sea for 1SW salmon. Smolts maturing as 2SW salmon likely migrate as far north as West Greenland. Information from acoustic tracking of smolts and kelts from Conne River and Little River indicate that fish may remain in nearshore areas for four to eight weeks before migrating further to sea. Anthropogenic Threats to Habitat A semi-quantitative assessment, by regional fisheries scientists and managers, of the impact of habitat-related threats to salmon was provided in DFO and MRNF In that report the information for the South Newfoundland DU was provided for two areas comprising SFAs 9 and 10 (Conservation Unit, CU 5) and SFAs 11 and 12 (CU 6) (Fig. 1; Table 2; Appendix 2). The anthropogenic threats to habitat in DU 4 that have the potential to have significant impacts on Atlantic salmon habitat (significant defined as resulting in 5 to 30% of salmon affected or spawners lost) include air pollutants, agriculture/forestry/mining, hydroelectric power generation, transportation and infrastructure and aquaculture siting (Table 2; Appendix 2). Further details regarding these factors are provided below. 13

308 Newfoundland and Labrador Region South Newfoundland Atlantic Salmon RPA Table 2: Summary assessment of habitat alteration threats to Atlantic salmon (in terms of salmon affected; spawners lost) for the two areas of the South Newfoundland DU as described in DFO and MRNF (2009). Regulated Habitat Alterations Salmon Affected : Spawners Lost Other Atlantic salmon Conservation Unit Municipal waste water Industrial effluents Hydroelectric & dams Water extraction Urbanization (hydrology) Transportation Infrastructure Aquaculture siting Agriculture forestry mining Dredging Cumulative Shipping transport Air pollutants/acid rain Ecosystem change 5. SE Coast L:L L:L L:L L:L L:L M:M L:L M:M L:L U:U U:U MU:MU LU:LU 6. South Coast L:L - :L M:M L:L L:L L:L M:M L:L L:L U:U - : - MU:MU LU:LU Where salmon affected symbol L is < 5% of salmon affected; M is 5-30% are affected, and U is uncertain; salmon lost symbol L is < 5% of salmon spawners are lost; M is 5-30% are lost, and U is uncertain; N/A = Not Applicable and - = Not Assessed. Hydroelectric power generation There are thirty-nine hydroelectric generating stations in insular Newfoundland (Appendix 3), eight of which are located on the south coast. The largest facility on the south coast is the Bay d Espoir system that has three hydroelectric stations located at Bay d Espoir (1967, 604 MW), Upper Salmon (1983, 84 MW) and Granite Canal (2003, 41 MW). Watersheds were altered in 1967 with dams to divert water to the Bay d Espoir station, these included Salmon River, Grey River, White Bear River, and Victoria River. These diversions did not remove accessible habitat but did alter natural water flow. Fisheries compensation water releases occur in White Bear River, Grey River, Granite Canal, Upper Salmon and Hind's Lake for habitat protection and fish migration. The long term impact of the freshwater released into the head of Bay d Espoir on Atlantic salmon is unknown. Transportation and Infrastructure As a migratory species, Atlantic salmon must be able to access spawning and rearing habitat and safely migrate back to the ocean in order to complete their life cycle. Man-made barriers associated with road construction can fragment Atlantic salmon habitat. Lack of habitat connectivity affects the abundance and distribution of Atlantic salmon populations. To reduce costs, corrugated metal culverts are frequently installed at road crossings rather than bridges. Bridges with openings less than the natural high flow stream width increase velocities and create hydraulic conditions that can delay or block fish passage, as well as alter or disrupt habitat above and below an improperly designed and installed bridge. Improperly placed or designed culverts create barriers to fish passage through hanging outfalls, increased water velocities, or insufficient water velocity and depth within the culvert. Culverts can also degrade upstream and downstream habitat quality and food production as a result of damming, scouring, and deposition of sediments. Aquaculture siting Aquaculture sites have the potential to affect fish habitat predominantly though the accumulation of organic waste. There are 81 licensed salmonid aquaculture sites on the south coast of Newfoundland and approximately 52 of these are in the Bay D Espoir area (SFA 11) (Appendix 4). However, not all sites are active in a given year and some sites have never been active. For 14

309 Newfoundland and Labrador Region South Newfoundland Atlantic Salmon RPA example, from 2006 to 2010 between 10 and 23 sites were active in each year. The number of active sites is expected to rise and expand into other areas on the south coast. Agriculture/Forestry/Mining Pesticides used for agriculture, forestry, and other land use practices can have direct or indirect adverse effects on Atlantic salmon or their habitats. Direct effects occur when Atlantic salmon and the chemical come in direct contact. Indirect effects result from chemically induced modifications to habitat or non-target organisms (e.g., food sources). The effects of pesticides on salmonids may range from acute (leading to sudden mortality) to chronic (leading to increased cumulative mortality). Many anthropogenic activities associated with or directly the result of forestry and agriculture can cause sedimentation. Clearing vegetation near watercourses or permitting livestock to enter streams and rivers can allow runoff to transport sediments into watercourses. Sedimentation may reduce the quality of spawning substrates and has been shown to reduce the survival of developing eggs and yolk-sac fry. Mining impacts Atlantic salmon both directly and indirectly. Blasting can directly kill fish and destroy fish habitat. It can also disrupt groundwater patterns, which in turn influence groundwater fed water courses and their associated habitats. Effluents discharged from mines can impact salmon by altering water quality, for example, changing temperature, ph, increasing suspended particulate matter, and introducing heavy metals into the water. The flow of effluents can also indirectly alter downstream erosion patterns and alter hydrology. Another significant threat from mining is water extraction from either ground or surface water, the impacts of which are site specific. Air Pollutants/Acid Rain Sulphur-dioxide (SO2) emissions (from metal smelting, coal-fired electrical utilities) and nitrous oxide (NOx) emissions (combustion) are the principal acidifying pollutants transported over long distances and falling as acids in precipitation. Newfoundland watersheds do not appear to be as affected by acidification as those in other regions of eastern Canada. However, research has shown that two areas of Newfoundland have headwater lakes with relatively low ph values, and are likely more susceptible to potential acidification. One of these areas is the southwest portion of the south coast, in DU 4, and the other is the southeastern portion of the Northern Peninsula. Impact of Potential Habitat Changes Overall, the factor contributing to the decline and low abundance of Atlantic salmon in DU 4 is the reduced and low marine survival of 1 SW maiden salmon. Marine survival in monitored rivers in DU 4 have averaged between 4% and 5% over the past fifteen years. The extent to which habitat related factors modify marine survival rates are not clear. Freshwater survival rates in monitored rivers of the south coast of Newfoundland are in the same range as those from other monitored rivers in Newfoundland. Egg-to-smolt survival fluctuates annually in response to variations in egg depositions and environmental variables such as water temperature and discharge, especially in winter. 15

310 Newfoundland and Labrador Region South Newfoundland Atlantic Salmon RPA Spatial Configuration Constraints Spatial configuration constraints that affect connectivity, such as barriers to migration at various life stages, are not considered to be limiting factors for Atlantic salmon recovery in DU 4. Amount of Suitable Habitat There is no evidence to suggest that the quality and quantity of freshwater habitat is limited or has changed and contributed to the Atlantic salmon declines measured over the previous three generations in DU 4. Despite uncertainties in the role of marine habitat in modifying marine survival rates, it is assumed that there is sufficient suitable marine habitat to allow for recovery of salmon in DU 4. Feasibility of Habitat Restoration Given that freshwater habitat does not appear to be limited in DU 4, restoration activities are not likely to influence recovery. Not enough is known about marine habitat use by South Newfoundland Atlantic salmon to identify any habitat factors that may be limiting recovery. Risks Associated with Habitat Allocation Decisions The associated risks of habitat allocation decisions have not been evaluated for Atlantic salmon. There is no indication that the amount of suitable habitat is currently limiting the recovery of Atlantic salmon. However, this habitat should be maintained as the impact of reducing it is unknown. The habitat requirements, in terms of discrete types (spawning and rearing habitats) within the freshwater environment for Atlantic salmon are relatively well known and understood. The degree to which a habitat can be defined as a discrete area with clear edges or a gradient of features in the marine environment has not been identified. Transitional areas between freshwater and marine habitats are known to be physiologically stressful to salmon. Additional stressors imposed on smolt or post-smolts in this transitional gradient have the potential to result in major impacts. Impact of Threats on Quality and Quantity of Available Habitat Habitat alteration, especially physical alteration in freshwater and coastal areas will reduce its value. Oceanographic changes in offshore marine areas and continued environmental impacts from climate change have the potential to significantly impact the distribution and production of Atlantic salmon in the Northwest Atlantic. Scope for Management to Facilitate Recovery and Allowable Harm Assessment Recovery Targets Recovery targets within a SARA/COSEWIC framework should reflect a population abundance that is sufficiently large to be secure and/or may meet some comparative standard with its historical size and the minimum estimate of the population size, allowing for uncertainties in estimation, should be substantially above the minimum size for a secure population (DFO 2005). Three population targets were considered for South Newfoundland DU 4; 1) No further decline of 16

311 Newfoundland and Labrador Region South Newfoundland Atlantic Salmon RPA the current level of 22,404 salmon, 2) the Conservation Requirement of 30,852 salmon, and 3) the Pre-Decline Mean ( ) of 42,792 salmon. As presently defined, the conservation objectives for Atlantic salmon are considered to be a limit reference point and as discussed by CAFSAC (1991): the further the spawning escapement is below the biological reference level, and the longer this situation occurs even at rates only slightly below that level, the greater the possibility exists of incurring the following risks, some of which may cause irreversible damage to the stock. The conservation requirement which has been used to manage fisheries access and exploitation is proposed as the recovery target for this DU. If the abundance of adult salmon in the DU meets or exceeds the conservation requirement consistently over time, then the DU could be considered recovered for the purposes of SARA. Population Projections and Allowable Harm Assessment Projections of adult abundance for DU 4 were determined by modeling the spawner to smolt production based on stock recruitment relationships and modeling the smolt to adult return dynamic as a simple proportional relationship. Population sizes were projected for fifteen years into the future based on current population parameters. Stochastic projections based on 2,000 simulations were conducted using freshwater productivity and ocean survival rates estimated for the entire DU from based on data available for Conne River, Rocky River and Northeast Brook (Trepassey). An average ocean survival rate of 4% (± 2%) was used for the projections. Mortality due to retention of small salmon during 1996 to 2010 was estimated to average 12% for the entire DU, with additional catch-and-release mortality of 2% for small salmon and 1% for large salmon (assuming a 10% probability of mortality for salmon caught and released). Under the current management plan, fisheries losses include both retention and losses associated with mortality from catch-and-release angling. A five-year generation time is assumed and projections initiated using population estimates from 2006 to Three recreational fishery scenarios (allowable harm) were considered: current management plan (retention of small salmon only, catch-and-release of large salmon), no fishery (fishery closed) and catch-and-release fishing only for all sizes of salmon. Catch-and release only fisheries losses were calculated using the catch rates of the current management plan. It is likely that a catch-and-release only fishery will reduce current catch rates but this is difficult to quantify. Population projections were evaluated relative to the probability of meeting or exceeding the three population targets: current abundance (2010) of 22,404 salmon or no decline, conservation requirement of 30,852 salmon and pre-decline mean ( ) of 42,792 salmon. In addition, the mean ocean survival that would be required to attain a 75% chance of meeting or exceeding the three population targets within fifteen years for the three recreational fishery scenarios were also calculated. Median population size after fifteen years based on an ocean survival rate of 4% (± 2%) with no angling was estimated at 32,000 salmon, with an 80% confidence interval range of 16,000 to 62,000 salmon (Fig. 7). Under this scenario, there was a 74% chance that population size would remain at or above current abundance. The probability of meeting or exceeding the conservation requirement and pre-decline mean were 52% and 27% respectively (Table 3). Under the current fisheries management scenario, the median population size after fifteen years was 22,000 salmon (80% C.I. range of 11,000 to 46,000 salmon) and there was a 50% chance of the population size meeting or exceeding current abundance. The probability of meeting or exceeding the conservation requirement was 23% and the pre-decline mean was 12% (Table 3). Under a catch-and-release only fishery, the median population size after fifteen years was 30,000 salmon (80% C.I. range of 15,000 and 58,000 salmon) and there was a 70% chance of the 17

312 Newfoundland and Labrador Region South Newfoundland Atlantic Salmon RPA population size meeting or exceeding current abundance. The probability of meeting or exceeding the conservation requirement was 42% and the pre-decline mean was 26% (Table 3). Table 3: Probabilities of meeting or exceeding the population targets of no further decline in abundance of spawners, the conservation requirement, and the pre-decline mean under no angling, current angling management and catch-and-release angling only within fifteen years from current (2010) spawner abundance. Total removals Recovery objective No angling Current angling Catch-and-release angling No further decline 74% 50% 70% Conservation requirement 52% 23% 42% Pre-decline mean 27% 12% 26% Estimates of average ocean survival required to meet each of the three population targets varied between 5% and 7% for the recreational fishery scenarios. Average ocean survival of 5% is required for a 75% chance of maintaining current population size under all three removal scenarios. Similarly, 5% average ocean survival would result in a 75% chance of meeting the conservation requirement under no angling and catch-and-release angling. A 75% chance of reaching the conservation requirement under current fishing would involve an increase in ocean survival to an average of 6%. This increase would also be required for a 75% chance to meet pre-decline mean abundance under no angling or catch-and-release scenarios. With current angling management, an average ocean survival of 7% would be required to have a 75% chance of reaching the pre-decline mean (Table 4). Table 4: Mean ocean survival (± 2%) required for a 75% chance of meeting or exceeding the population targets of no further decline in abundance of spawners, the conservation requirement, and the pre-decline mean under no angling, current angling management, and catch-and-release angling only within fifteen years from current (2010) spawner abundance. Total removals Recovery objective No angling Current angling Catch-and-release angling No further decline 5% 5% 5% Conservation requirement 5% 6% 5% Pre-decline mean 6% 7% 6% 18

313 Newfoundland and Labrador Region South Newfoundland Atlantic Salmon RPA Figure 7. Population projections for the next fifteen years based on current population parameters for three recreational fishery scenarios: no angling (upper panel), current angling management (middle panel) and catch-and-release only angling (lower panel). Solid black lines represent median values of projected population size; dashed black lines represent the 10% and 90% percentile ranges of population size estimates. Grey lines represent three different population targets: dashed lines show current population abundance, dotted lines denote to the conservation requirement and dash-dot lines represent the predecline mean population abundance. Major Potential Sources of Mortality Major potential sources of mortality include recreational fisheries, illegal fisheries, mixed-stock marine fisheries and by-catch, ecological and genetic interactions with escaped domestic Atlantic salmon, and poorly understood changes in marine ecosystems. The degree of influence of many of these factors are not well understood, however, all factors with the exception of salmonid aquaculture have the potential to affect wild salmon in other DUs where salmon populations have been stable or increasing. Management alternatives and mitigation are summarized in Appendix 2 for two areas of the South Newfoundland DU (DFO and MRNF 2009). Further details on fisheries and aquaculture are provided below. 19

314 Newfoundland and Labrador Region South Newfoundland Atlantic Salmon RPA Recreational Fisheries The estimated catch of salmon in recreational fisheries in DU 4 for 2010 totalled 3053 retained small salmon and 5,045 small and 298 large released salmon. Assuming a 10% mortality rate for catch-and-release angling, the total mortality associated with recreational fisheries in 2010 was 3587 salmon (16% of total returns). The average mortality rate from recreational fisheries during the period from 1996 to 2010 was 12% (8-16%). Non-Domestic Fisheries (St. Pierre et Miquelon) Residents of the islands of St. Pierre et Miquelon, just off the south coast of Newfoundland, catch Atlantic salmon in a coastal marine gillnet fishery. There are no salmon producing rivers in the islands of St. Pierre et Miquelon. First reports of effort and catch from this fishery date to 1976 and annual reports begin in The maximum reported catch in the fishery is 3.54 t (in 2008) and annual reported catches have varied from 0.8 t to 3.5 t during 1992 to The fishery catches mostly small salmon (<63 cm fork length, about 2:1 small to large) and the estimated annual catch in number of fish is in the range of 300 to 1,500 fish during 1992 to Limited genetic analysis of samples from two years indicates that the majority of the fish (94%) are of Canadian origin but resolution to finer geographic scales has not been completed. Given the proximity of this fishery to the South Newfoundland DU, it is likely that a proportion of the catch of salmon originate from populations in this DU. Aquaculture As highlighted in the COSEWIC Status Report assessment summary for DU 4, the presence of salmon aquaculture in a small section of this area brings some risk of negative effects from interbreeding or adverse ecological interactions with escaped domestic salmon. Scientific data are not currently available to assess the potential magnitude of these effects on wild salmon from this DU but escaped farmed salmonids have been reported in Conne River. Salmon from this and other Bay d Espoir rivers migrate through an area where aquaculture occurs. There are 81 licensed salmonid aquaculture sites on the south coast of Newfoundland and approximately 52 of these are in the Bay D Espoir area (SFA 11) (Appendix 4). The production of salmon has increased dramatically since 1995 and is expected to continue to increase in the future and expand to other areas on the south coast (i.e. Fortune Bay) (Fig. 8). Concerns over the potential impacts of aquaculture on local populations of salmonids have been raised both in Europe as well as in other areas of Canada. Concern is based on the potential for negative interactions that can result from inter-breeding and subsequent loss of fitness, competition for food and space, disruption of breeding behaviour, and transmission of disease and parasites. Even small numbers of escaped farmed salmon have the potential to negatively affect resident populations, either through demographic or genetic changes in stock characteristics. There have been many reviews and studies showing that the presence of farmed salmon results in reduced survival and fitness of wild Atlantic salmon, through competition, interbreeding and disease. 20

315 Newfoundland and Labrador Region South Newfoundland Atlantic Salmon RPA Figure 8. Annual reported salmonid (Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout) aquaculture production (t) and value summary from (provided by the Provincial Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture) (R revised, P preliminary). Habitat Quantity and Quality to Support Recovery The quantity and quality of freshwater habitat in DU 4 is sufficient to allow Atlantic salmon populations to reach recovery. Not enough is known about marine habitat use by South Newfoundland Atlantic salmon to quantify the potential threats to habitat quantity and quality and its sufficiency for recovery. However, smolt from Conne River and Little river are known to spend an extensive period (~40 days) in the Bay d Espoir fiord prior to migrating to sea. A growing salmonid aquaculture industry in this area may limit the quantity and quality of habitat within the bay but the magnitude of this impact is not known. Scenarios for Mitigation and Alternatives to Activities Management alternatives and mitigation for each potential source of mortality are listed in Appendix 2. Although many threats exist, low at-sea survival is presently a major factor for the decline of salmon stocks in DU 4, the cause of which is unknown. While the mechanism(s) of marine mortality is uncertain, poor sea survival of salmon is occurring in parallel with many widespread changes in the North Atlantic ecosystem. Sources of Uncertainty There are 104 watersheds in DU 4. Angling data are available for most of the 58 scheduled Atlantic salmon rivers. The presence and status of Atlantic salmon in the un-scheduled rivers is unknown (Appendix 1). 21

316 Newfoundland and Labrador Region South Newfoundland Atlantic Salmon RPA There is a high degree of uncertainty regarding the utility of translating angling catches using measured exploitation rates from monitored rivers into estimates of total salmon abundance in DU 4. In particular, indices of abundance based on catch per unit effort in the angling fishery for Salmon Fishing Areas 9 to 12 indicate a lesser decline and even an increase in abundance which differs from trends of abundance based on angling catches. However, with the exception of Rocky River which is a colonization river, counts of salmon in the other three monitored rivers on the south coast all show a decline in returns of small salmon and large salmon. Population projections were based on freshwater production models that use spawner to smolt data from the three monitored rivers scaled to the amount of fluvial habitat only. Lacustrine habitat was not included which is extensively used for rearing by juvenile salmon, particularly in Conne River and Rocky River. As a result, the global model that combined all three rivers was not a good fit to the observations; observed smolt production values for Conne River were greater than predicted whereas observed smolt production values for Northeast Brook (Trepassey), a river with limited lacustrine habitat were less than predicted. The amount of lacustrine production area in most rivers in this DU has not been quantified and this has consequences for the projection of abundance for the whole DU. Fixed and assumed parameters were also used for proportion maturing as 1SW and the survival rate to repeat-spawning. Individually, most of the land-based activities that intersect salmon freshwater habitat may have minimal consequences on production and abundance but cumulative impacts of a wide range of land-based activities on Atlantic salmon have not been quantified. SOURCES OF INFORMATION This Science Advisory Report has resulted from a Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Canadian Science Advisory Secretariat, Regional Advisory Meeting of February 14-16, 2012 on the Recovery Potential Assessment (RPA) of South Newfoundland Atlantic salmon DU. Additional publications from this process will be posted as they become available on the DFO Science Advisory Schedule at Amiro, P.G A synthesis of fresh water habitat requirements and status for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in Canada. DFO Can. Sci. Advis. Sec. Res. Doc. 2006/017. Amiro, P.G Assessment of the Recovery Potential for the Atlantic Salmon Designatable Unit for the Inner Bay of Fundy: Habitat Issues. DFO Can. Sci. Advis. Sec. Res. Doc. 2008/058. Canadian Atlantic Fisheries Scientific Advisory Committee Definition of conservation for Atlantic salmon. CAFSAC Advisory Document 91/15, 4 pp. COSEWIC COSEWIC assessment and status report on the Atlantic Salmon Salmo salar (Nunavik population, Labrador population, Northeast Newfoundland population, South Newfoundland population, Southwest Newfoundland population, Northwest Newfoundland population, Quebec Eastern North Shore population, Quebec Western North Shore population, Anticosti Island population, Inner St. Lawrence population, Lake Ontario population, Gaspé-Southern Gulf of St. Lawrence population, Eastern Cape Breton population, Nova Scotia Southern Upland population, Inner Bay of Fundy population, Outer Bay of Fundy population) in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. Ottawa. xlvii pp. 22

317 Newfoundland and Labrador Region South Newfoundland Atlantic Salmon RPA Dempson, J. B., O Connell, M. F., and Schwarz, C. J Spatial and temporal trends in abundance of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, in Newfoundland with emphasis on impacts of the 1992 closure of the commercial fishery. Fisheries Management and Ecology 11: Dempson, J. B., Robertson, M. J., Pennell, C. J., Furey, G., Bloom, M., Shears, M., Ollerhead, L. M. N., Clarke, K. D., Hinks, R., and Robertson, G. J Residency time, migration route and survival of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar smolts in a Canadian fjord. Journal of Fish Biology 78: DFO, Interaction Between Wild and Farmed Atlantic Salmon in the Maritime Provinces. DFO Maritimes Regional Habitat Status Report 99/1E. DFO, A Framework for Developing Science Advice on Recovery Targets for Aquatic Species in the Context of the Species At Risk Act. DFO Can. Sci. Advis. Sec. Sci. Advis. Rep. 2005/054. DFO and MRNF Conservation Satus Report, Atlantic Salmon in Atlantic Canada and Quebec: PART I Species Information. Can. MS Rep. Fish. Aquat. Sci. No. 2861, 208 p. DFO and MRNF Conservation Status Report, Atlantic Salmon in Atlantic Canada and Québec: PART II Anthropogenic Considerations. Can. MS Rep. Fish. Aquat. Sci. No. 2870, 175 p. Finstad, A. G., Armstrong, J. D., and Nislow, K. H. 2011a. Freshwater habitat requirements of Atlantic salmon, pp In: Atlantic Salmon Ecology, O. Aas, S. Einum, A. Klemetsen, and J. Skurdal [eds.]. Blackwell Publishing Ltd., Oxford, UK. Ford, J. S., and Myers, R. A A global assessment of salmon aquaculture impacts on wild salmonids. PLoS Biology 6(2): e33. Morris, M.R.J., Fraser, D.J., Heggelin, A.J., Whoriskey, F.G., Carr, J.W., O Neil, S.F., and Hutchings, J.A Prevalence and reoccurrence of escaped farmed salmon (Salmo salar) in eastern North American rivers. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 65: O Connell, M.F., and Dempson, J.B Target spawning requirements for Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., in Newfoundland rivers. Fisheries Management and Ecology 2: O Connell, M.F., Reddin, D.G., Amiro, P.G., Caron, F., Marshall, T.L., Chaput, G., Mullins, C.C., Lock, A., O Neil, S.F., and Cairns, D.K Estimates of the conservation spawner requirements for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) for Canada. Canadian Stock Assessment Secretariat Research Document 97/100, 58 p. O Connell, M.F., Dempson, J.B., Chaput, G Aspects of the life history, biology, and population dynamics of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) in Eastern Canada. DFO Can. Sci. Advis. Sec. Res. Doc. 2006/014, 47p. Reddin, D.G Perspectives on the marine ecology of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in the Northwest Atlantic. DFO Can. Sci. Advis. Sec. Res. Doc. 2006/

318 Newfoundland and Labrador Region South Newfoundland Atlantic Salmon RPA Reddin, D.G., and Veinott, G.I Atlantic salmon return and spawner estimates for Newfoundland. DFO Can. Sci. Advis. Sec. Res. Doc. 2009/044. iv + 29 p. Rikardsen, A. H. and Dempson, J. B Dietary life-support: the food and feeding of Atlantic salmon at sea, pp In Atlantic Salmon Ecology, O. Aas, S. Einum, A. Klemetsen, and J. Skurdal [eds.]. Blackwell Publishing Ltd., Oxford, UK. Robertson, M.J., Dempson, J.B., Reddin, D.G., Veinott, G.I., Cochrane, N.M., Bourgeois, C.E. and Caines, D. (2011). Status of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.) stocks of insular Newfoundland (SFAs 3-14A), DFO Can. Sci. Advis. Sec. Res. Doc. 2010/

319 Newfoundland and Labrador Region South Newfoundland Atlantic Salmon RPA Appendix 1: Watersheds in DU 4 with Atlantic salmon populations (* Scheduled). Accessible Habitat Units that are blank are unknown. SFA River Longitude Latitude Drainage Area (km 2 ) Accessible Habitat Units (km 2 ) 9 Biscay Bay River* Northeast Brook ( Trepassey)* Northwest Brook ( Trepassey)* St. Shotts River Peter's River ( Holyrood Bay)* Crossing Place River Salmonier River ( St. Marys Bay)* Harricot River Colinet River* Rocky River North Harbour River ( St. Marys Bay)* Little Salmonier River ( St. Marys Bay)* Big Barachois River ( St. Marys Bay)* Little Barachois River ( St. Marys Bay) Red Head River Beckford River Branch River* Lance Brook Cuslett Brook Great Barasway Brook* Lt. Barasway Bk Southeast River ( Placentia)* Northeast River ( Placentia)* Shalloway Pond Brook Placentia Sound River Ship Harbour Brook Come By Chance River* North Harbour River ( Placentia)* Watsons Brook ( Placentia)* Black River ( Placentia)* Pipers Hole Brook* Sandy Harbour River Paradise River ( Paradise Sound) Black River ( Paradise Sound) Nonsuch River* Cape Roger Brook* Bay de l'eau River* Rushoon River

320 Newfoundland and Labrador Region South Newfoundland Atlantic Salmon RPA Appendix 1 con t: Watersheds in DU 4 with Atlantic salmon populations (* Scheduled). Accessible Habitat Units that are blank are unknown. SFA River Longitude Latitude Drainage Area (km 2 ) 10 Northeast Branch ( Red Harbour)* Red Harbour River* West Brook ( Mortier Bay) Tides Brook* Big Salmonier Brook ( Burin)* Little St. Lawrence River* Lawn River* Little Lawn River Accessible Habitat Units (km 2 ) 10 Taylor Bay Brook* Salmonier River ( Lamaline)* Piercy's Brook* Fortune Brook Grand Bank Brook* Garnish River* Devil Brook Terrenceville Brook Grand le Pierre Brook Southwest Brook ( Long Harbour) Long Harbour River* Mal Bay Brook Recontre Brook Belle Harbour River North East Brook ( East Bay) North West Brook ( East Bay) Bay du Nord River* Salmon River ( Cinq Island Bay) Simmions Brook* South West Brook ( Fortune Bay)* Old Brook* Taylor Bay Brook* Salmonier Brook ( Hermitage Bay) Little River Conne River* Southeast Brook (Baie D'espoir) North West Brook ( Baie D'espoir) Long Reach Brook* Salmon River (Baie D'espoir) Hughes Brook ( Baie D'espoir) D'Espoir Brook*

321 Newfoundland and Labrador Region South Newfoundland Atlantic Salmon RPA Appendix 1 con t: Watersheds in DU 4 with Atlantic salmon populations (* Scheduled). Accessible Habitat Units that are blank are unknown. SFA River Longitude Latitude Drainage Area (km 2 ) 11 Allan's Cove Brook* Bottom Brook (Facheux Bay)* Brent Cove Brook* Morgan Brook* Dolland Brook* Grey River* Accessible Habitat Units (km 2 ) 11 White Bear River* Bay de Loup Brook* Kelly Brook Kings Harbour Brook* Grandy Brook* Middle Brook Connoire Brook Couteau Brook Cinq Cerf Brook* East Bay Brook* La Poile River* Farmers Brook* Garia Brook* Northwest Brook (Garcia Bay)* Northwest Brook (Bay le Moine) Grandys Brook* Burnt Island River Isle aux Morts River* Grand Bay River* Northwest Brook (Grand Bay) Barachois River (Cape Ray Cove)

322 Newfoundland and Labrador Region South Newfoundland Atlantic Salmon RPA Appendix 2: Summary of threats to and rating of effects on recovery and/or persistence of Atlantic salmon in the southeast area (SFA 9-10) of the South Newfoundland DU. Potential Sources of Mortality /Harm Permitted and Unpermitted Activities Conservation Unit 5 Directed Salmon Fishing Source (with examples) Aboriginal: South Coast Proportion of Salmon Affected LOW < 5%, MEDIUM 5% to 30%, HIGH > 30%, UNCERTAIN Not applicable no directed Aboriginal fisheries in this CU. Cause/ Time Frame Historic (H) Current (C) Potential (P) Effect on Population (LOW < 5% spawner loss, MEDIUM 5% to 30% spawner loss, HIGH > 30% spawner loss, UNCERTAIN) Management Alternatives/ Mitigation (relative to existing actions) Recreational: retention and release Commercial (domestic) Medium (season open from June 1 to Sept. 7). Moderate effort on some rivers. N/A all commercial fisheries closed H C Medium Estimated at 12% for DU 4. Reductions in retention fisheries; increase use of catch-andrelease; direct effort controls; season modifications; closures; environmental protocols. H Aboriginal: Labrador Low H C P Low International Highseas: West Greenland / St.Pierre Miquelon Low C Low Reductions in internal use fisheries in those areas. 28

323 Newfoundland and Labrador Region South Newfoundland Atlantic Salmon RPA Illegal (poaching) Source (with examples) Low Proportion of Salmon Affected LOW < 5%, MEDIUM 5% to 30%, HIGH > 30%, UNCERTAIN C Cause/ Time Frame Historic (H) Current (C) Potential (P) Low increased enforcement; stewardship initiatives with local groups; change enforcement strategies for more targeted efforts. Effect on Population (LOW < 5% spawner loss, MEDIUM 5% to 30% spawner loss, HIGH > 30% spawner loss, UNCERTAIN) Illegal (poaching) Low C Low increased enforcement in conjunction with DFO and Provincial enforcement officers; began stewardship initiatives with local groups; changed enforcement strategies for more targeted efforts. CUMULATIVE EFFECT Continued use of compliance monitors on selected watersheds, including Aboriginal guardians. Management Alternatives/ Mitigation (relative to existing actions) Continued use of compliance monitors on selected watersheds, including Aboriginal guardians. Low Medium C Low - Medium New 5-year Integrated Fisheries Management Plan with major elements including river classification and adaptive management strategy. Bycatch of Salmon in Fisheries for Other Species Aboriginal Resident Labrador Trout Net Fishery Low C Low 29

324 Newfoundland and Labrador Region South Newfoundland Atlantic Salmon RPA Recreational incidental catch prohibited Commercial nearshore Uncertain incidental catch prohibited Commercial distant Uncertain Source (with examples) Proportion of Salmon Affected LOW < 5%, MEDIUM 5% to 30%, HIGH > 30%, UNCERTAIN Cause/ Time Frame Historic (H) Current (C) Potential (P) Illegal (poaching) Low Low Effect on Population (LOW < 5% spawner loss, MEDIUM 5% to 30% spawner loss, HIGH > 30% spawner loss, UNCERTAIN) Management Alternatives/ Mitigation (relative to existing actions) Salmon Fisheries Impacts on Salmon Habitat CUMULATIVE EFFECT Aboriginal Low - Uncertain Low - Uncertain Not applicable - no directed Aboriginal fisheries in this CU. Recreational Uncertain Uncertain - but expected to be Low. Commercial Illegal Uncertain Uncertain Mortality Associated with Water Use CUMULATIVE EFFECT Hydroelectric power generation at dams (turbine morts, entrainment, stranding) Uncertain Uncertain Low C Low A few small hydro dams. Harmful alterations, disruption and destruction (HADD) for new projects have to be mitigated or have compensation. 30

325 Newfoundland and Labrador Region South Newfoundland Atlantic Salmon RPA Habitat Alterations Source (with examples) Municipal waste water treatment facilities Pulp and paper mills Hydroelectric power generation (dams & reservoirs, tidal power): altered behaviour & ecosystems Proportion of Salmon Affected LOW < 5%, MEDIUM 5% to 30%, HIGH > 30%, UNCERTAIN Cause/ Time Frame Historic (H) Current (C) Potential (P) Effect on Population (LOW < 5% spawner loss, MEDIUM 5% to 30% spawner loss, HIGH > 30% spawner loss, UNCERTAIN) Management Alternatives/ Mitigation (relative to existing actions) Low few communities H C P Low Ensure current projects and future developments meet standards. Not applicable - no paper mills in this CU. Low H C P Low A few small hydro dams. HADDS for new projects have to be mitigated or have compensation. Water extractions Low some heavy industry H C P Low Must meet regulations in place/ monitoring, develop regional guidelines. Urbanization (altered hydrology) Low only small communities H C P Low Project redesign/ existing regulation monitoring. Infrastructure (roads/culverts) (fish passage) Medium H C P Medium near shore heavy industry Existing regulations more monitoring/ enforcement. Aquaculture siting Low several mussel operations P Low Choose locations carefully, monitor, follow guidelines and best practices. 31

326 Newfoundland and Labrador Region South Newfoundland Atlantic Salmon RPA Source (with examples) Agriculture/Forestry/ Mining, etc. Municipal, Provincial & Federal dredging CUMULATIVE EFFECT Proportion of Salmon Affected LOW < 5%, MEDIUM 5% to 30%, HIGH > 30%, UNCERTAIN Cause/ Time Frame Historic (H) Current (C) Potential (P) Effect on Population (LOW < 5% spawner loss, MEDIUM 5% to 30% spawner loss, HIGH > 30% spawner loss, UNCERTAIN) Medium H C P Medium potential mineral processing, past mining/processing Low H C P Low - some current work in relation to heavy industry Uncertain Uncertain Management Alternatives/ Mitigation (relative to existing actions) Enforcement/ monitoring of existing suite of regulations, compensations where required. Follow regulations in place, mitigations and compensations as required, minimize amount of dredging. Shipping, Transport and Noise Municipal, Provincial, Federal & private transport activities (including land and water based contaminants/ spills) Uncertain potential for impacts owing to high shipping activities in Placentia Bay C Uncertain Work with Placentia Bay integrated management planning committee. Fisheries on Prey of Salmon (for ex. capelin, smelt, shrimp) Commercial, Recreational, Aboriginal fisheries for prey species Uncertain C Uncertain 32

327 Newfoundland and Labrador Region South Newfoundland Atlantic Salmon RPA Aquaculture (Salmon and other species) Source (with examples) Escapes from freshwater, marine facilities, disease, parasites, competition, effects on behaviour and migration, genetic introgression. Proportion of Salmon Affected LOW < 5%, MEDIUM 5% to 30%, HIGH > 30%, UNCERTAIN Low Uncertain no directed salmonid aquaculture activities Cause/ Time Frame Historic (H) Current (C) Potential (P) Effect on Population (LOW < 5% spawner loss, MEDIUM 5% to 30% spawner loss, HIGH > 30% spawner loss, UNCERTAIN) C P Low Uncertain low numbers farmed salmon in one river, low numbers of rainbow trout in some rivers; at least one established rainbow population (Shalloway Pond Brook) Management Alternatives/ Mitigation (relative to existing actions) Fish culture / stocking (non-commercial, including private, NGO, government) Impacts on effective population size, over representation of families, domestication. Uncertain no current stocking in this CU H Uncertain Scientific Research Military Activities Government, university, community and Aboriginal groups. Field operations, shooting ranges. Low C Low minimal removals for scientific purposes. 33

328 Newfoundland and Labrador Region South Newfoundland Atlantic Salmon RPA Air Pollutants Acid rain Medium Uncertain: historically, rivers in this area had moderately low mean alkalinities and were potentially sensitive to acidification; generally mean ph values 5.5 to 6.0. H P Medium Uncertain current information is lacking. Potential Sources of Mortality /Harm Permitted and Unpermitted Activities Conservation Unit 5 Source (with examples) Proportion of Salmon Affected LOW < 5%, MEDIUM 5% to 30%, HIGH > 30%, UNCERTAIN Cause/ Time Frame Historic (H) Current (C) Potential (P) Effect on Population (LOW < 5% spawner loss, MEDIUM 5% to 30% spawner loss, HIGH > 30% spawner loss, UNCERTAIN) Management Alternatives/ Mitigation (relative to existing actions) UN-PERMITTED Introductions of nonnative / invasive species Smallmouth bass, chain pickerel, muskellunge, rainbow trout, inverts., plants, algae. International High Seas Targeted Flags of convenience? Ecotourism and Recreation Water crafts, swimming, etc. effects on salmon behaviour and survival. 34

329 Newfoundland and Labrador Region South Newfoundland Atlantic Salmon RPA Ecosystem Change Climate change, changes in relative predator and prey abundances, disease. Low Uncertain some rivers in this area are moderately impacted by low water levels and warm water temperatures C P Low Uncertain affect on salmon populations is unknown, however, marine survival is a significant area of concern. 35

330 Newfoundland and Labrador Region South Newfoundland Atlantic Salmon RPA Appendix 2 cont d. Summary of threats to and rating of effects on recovery and/or persistence of Atlantic salmon in the southwest area (SFA 11-12) of the South Newfoundland DU. Potential Sources of Mortality /Harm Permitted and Un-permitted Activities Conservation Unit 6 Directed Salmon Fishing Source (with examples) Proportion of Salmon Affected LOW < 5%, MEDIUM 5% to 30%, HIGH > 30%, UNCERTAIN Cause/ Time Frame Historic (H) Current (C) Potential (P) Effect on Population (LOW < 5% spawner loss, MEDIUM 5% to 30% spawner loss, HIGH > 30% spawner loss, UNCERTAIN) Management Alternatives/ Mitigation (relative to existing actions) Aboriginal Aboriginal right to fish salmon has been set aside for over 20 years as a conservation measure. Recreational: retention & release Commercial (domestic) High Seas (West Greenland / St.Pierre Miquelon) Medium (season open from June 1 to September 7 except Conne River). Moderate effort on some rivers. C Medium Estimated at 12% for DU 4. Reductions in retention fisheries, increase use of catch-and-release measures, direct effort controls, season modifications, closures, environmental protocols. N/A all commercial fisheries closed Low Low Reductions in internal use fisheries in those areas. Illegal (poaching) Low - Unknown Low Unknown increased enforcement; stewardship with local groups; changed enforcement strategies for more targeted efforts. CUMULATIVE EFFECT Low - Medium Low Medium many initiatives in place in recent years Continued use of compliance monitors on selected watersheds, including Aboriginal guardians. New 5-year Integrated Fisheries Management Plan with major elements including river classification and adaptive management strategy. 36

331 Newfoundland and Labrador Region South Newfoundland Atlantic Salmon RPA Potential Sources of Mortality /Harm Permitted and Un-permitted Activities Conservation Unit 6 Bycatch of Salmon in Fisheries for Other Species Salmon Fisheries Impacts on Salmon Habitat Mortality Associated with Water Use Habitat Alterations Source (with examples) Proportion of Salmon Affected LOW < 5%, MEDIUM 5% to 30%, HIGH > 30%, UNCERTAIN Cause/ Time Frame Historic (H) Current (C) Potential (P) Effect on Population (LOW < 5% spawner loss, MEDIUM 5% to 30% spawner loss, HIGH > 30% spawner loss, UNCERTAIN) Management Alternatives/ Mitigation (relative to existing actions) Aboriginal Recreational incidental catch prohibited Commercial near-shore Low (eel fishery) C Low Eel Fishery incidental catch prohibited. Commercial distant CUMULATIVE Low Low EFFECT Aboriginal Recreational Low Low Commercial Illegal CUMULATIVE EFFECT Power generation at dams & tidal facilities (turbine morts, entrainment, stranding) Municipal waste water treatment facilities Low Low Low C H P Low Fish Screen Guidelines; Section 32 enforcement; regional water withdrawal guideline development. Low H C P Low few communities Ensure current projects and future developments Pulp & paper mills Low H C P (sawmills) Hydroelectric power generation (dams & reservoirs, tidal power): altered behaviour & ecosystems. Medium one large project, some change to Bay characteristics. Low Few operations meet standards. Current regulations and best management practices H C P Medium HADDs for new projects have to be mitigated or have compensation; monitoring present mitigations; enforcement of present regulatory suite. 37

332 Newfoundland and Labrador Region South Newfoundland Atlantic Salmon RPA Shipping, Transport and Noise Fisheries on Water extractions Source (with examples) Urbanization (altered hydrology) Infrastructure (roads/ culverts) (fish passage) Aquaculture siting Agriculture/forestry/ mining, etc. Municipal, provincial & federal dredging CUMULATIVE EFFECT Municipal, Provincial, Federal & private transport activities (inc. land and water based contaminants/ spills) Low some light industry and communities. Proportion of Salmon Affected LOW < 5%, MEDIUM 5% to 30%, HIGH > 30%, UNCERTAIN Low only small communities Low few new roads or other projects Medium substantial finfish sites H C P Low Must meet regulations in place; monitoring; develop regional guidelines. Cause/ Time Frame Historic (H) Current (C) Potential (P) Effect on Population (LOW < 5% spawner loss, MEDIUM 5% to 30% spawner loss, HIGH > 30% spawner loss, UNCERTAIN) Management Alternatives/ Mitigation (relative to existing actions) H C P Low Project redesign; existing regulation monitoring. H C P Low Existing regulations more monitoring/enforcement. H C P Medium Potential fouling of marine habitat. Water quality issues. Low H C P Low extensive past forestry as well as some past mining. Choose locations carefully; active and continuing research; environmental effects monitoring; follow regulations and best practices, some are no longer active. Enforcement/monitoring of existing suite of regulations; compensations where required. Low P Low Follow regulations in place; mitigations and compensations as required; minimize amount of dredging. Uncertain Uncertain Not Assessed C H P Not Assessed Not applicable 38

333 Newfoundland and Labrador Region South Newfoundland Atlantic Salmon RPA Prey of Salmon (capelin, smelt, shrimp) Aquaculture (Salmon and other species) Fish culture / stocking (noncommercial, including private, NGO, government) Scientific Research Military Activities Source (with examples) Escapes from freshwater, marine facilities, disease, parasites, competition, effects on behaviour and migration, genetic introgression. Impacts on effective population size, over representation of families, domestication. Government, university, community and Aboriginal groups. Field operations, shooting ranges, Proportion of Salmon Affected LOW < 5%, MEDIUM 5% to 30%, HIGH > 30%, UNCERTAIN Low - Uncertain directed salmonid aquaculture activities occur in this CU; evidence of escaped farmed salmon have been documented in several rivers; higher numbers of escaped steelhead (rainbow) trout have been found. Cause/ Time Frame Historic (H) Current (C) Potential (P) Effect on Population (LOW < 5% spawner loss, MEDIUM 5% to 30% spawner loss, HIGH > 30% spawner loss, UNCERTAIN) C P Medium Uncertain potential exists for greater interactions owing to substantive expansion of aquaculture industry into Fortune Bay. Uncertain Uncertain Low C Low minimal removals for scientific purposes. Air Pollutants Acid rain Medium Uncertain H P Medium Uncertain: Historically, rivers in this area demonstrated low mean alkalinities with average ph values often < 5.5 and were among the most sensitive of all of Management Alternatives/ Mitigation (relative to existing actions) 39

334 Newfoundland and Labrador Region South Newfoundland Atlantic Salmon RPA insular Newfoundland. Current information is lacking. UN-PERMITTED Introductions of non-native / invasive species International High Seas Targeted Ecotourism and Recreation Ecosystem change Source (with examples) Smallmouth bass, chain pickerel, muskellunge, rainbow trout, invertebrates, plants, algae. Flags of convenience? Activities such as water crafts and swimming, can affect salmon behaviour and survival. Climate change, changes in relative predator and prey abundances, disease. Proportion of Salmon Affected LOW < 5%, MEDIUM 5% to 30%, HIGH > 30%, UNCERTAIN Low - Uncertain -some rivers in this area are periodically impacted by low water levels and warm water temperatures. Cause/ Time Frame Historic (H) Current (C) Potential (P) C P Effect on Population (LOW < 5% spawner loss, MEDIUM 5% to 30% spawner loss, HIGH > 30% spawner loss, UNCERTAIN) Low - Uncertain affect on salmon populations is unknown. Management Alternatives/ Mitigation (relative to existing actions) 40

335 Newfoundland and Labrador Region South Newfoundland Atlantic Salmon RPA Appendix 3: Locations of hydroelectric generating stations in insular Newfoundland. Hydroelectric Station 41

336 Newfoundland and Labrador Region South Newfoundland Atlantic salmon RPA Appendix 4: Locations of Aquaculture Licences in Newfoundland. 42