DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A 50kg CAPACITY BOTTOM POUR LADLE FOR STEEL

Transcription

1 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A 50kg CAPACITY BOTTOM POUR LADLE FOR STEEL BY EUGENE DECLAN 2004/18948EM A PROJECT REPORT SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING (B.ENG) DEGREE IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, MINNA. JANUARY, 2010

2 DECLARATION I EUGENE DECLAN with matriculation number 2004/18948EM of the Department of Mechanical Engineering School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Minna, hereby declare that this project, was submitted in partial fulfillment of the award ofb. Eng. of the Federal University of Technology, Minna, and it is solely my work and effort. All reference extracted from published and unpublished works are acknowledged in my write up. Eugene Declan Name of Student Signature I ~ - 0 ( - 'J..O' 6 Date ii

3 CERTIFICATION This is to certify that this project titled "DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A 50kg CAP ACITY BOTTOM POUR LADLE FOR STEEL", was carried out by Eugene Declan under the supervision of Prof. RH. Khan and submitted to the Mechanical Engineering Department of the Federal University of Technology Minna, in partial fulfillment of the requirement of the award of Bachelor of Engineering (B. Eng) degree in Mechanical Engineering. Prof. RH. Khan Project Supervisor Prof. RH. Khan Head of Department Signature and Date External Examiner Signature and Date iii

4 DEDICATION I dedicate this project to God for His protection and guidance during my stay in school. Truly He is too ' faithful to fail. Also to my beloved parents; Mr. Eugene Nwaogwugwu and Mrs. Felicia Eugene for their moral, spiritual and financial support, truly they are the best parents on earth. iv

5 ACKNOLEDEMENT My profound gratitude goes to God the Almighty father for His protection, love and guidance over my life till date. Tremendous appreciation and thanks goes to my project supervisor prof.r.h.khan for his advice assistance to see that this project was successful. A deep sense of thanks to my parents Mr. Eugene Nwaogwugwu and Mrs. Felicia Eugene whose prayers, moral discipline and financial support brought me this far. I also wish to thank all the staff of Mechanical Engineering, most especially Engr.Agboola for advice and help each time I encounter a challenge during this project work. Also to all 500 level Mechanical Engineering student, I love you all. Special thanks goes to the member of my family, Mrs. Assumpta Nduka, Patrick Eugene, Anthony Eugene, Henry Eugene, Gerald Eugene, Celestina Eugene and Getrude Eugene for there love and financial support during my stay in the university, truly you are all wonderful. To my friends Modiaga, Joshua, Joseph, Stephen, Daniel, Ugwunna, Favour, Mabel, Doris, Adewale, Aliyu, Kelvin, Bazou, Hanny, Livinus, Tunde, Fanny, Bishop, Abdulhashim, Yemi, Gbenga, Hoplyn, Asoquo, Olabisi, my good project mate Ochuko Emuoke,onuche and others whom I cannot remember, posterity will never forget you all for being there for me. May God in His infinite mercy bless and keep you all. v

6 Finally to my chapel priests, Rev. Fr Richard, Rev.Fr Nelson Onuh, Rev. Fr Teddous Umarus for their spiritual support and counseling during my university days, thank you very much. vi

7 TABLE OF CONTENT PAGES Title page Declaration 11 Certification 111 Dedication Acknowledgement Table of content Abstract List of Figures List of Tables IV V V11 IX X Xl Chapter One 1.0 Introduction Background Objectives Significance 4 Chapter Two. 2.0 Literature Review Historical Background Types of pouring Ladles Refractory materials Foundry Survey 14 Chapter Three vii

8 3.0 Brief Description of the Ladle 3.1 Design Criteria for a Bottom Pour Ladle 3.2 Major Dimensions of the Ladle 3.3 Heat Lost in the Ladle 3.4 Calculations Using the Equations Derived 3.5 Results Obtained Chapter Four 4.0 Material Selection, Construction and Cost Analysis 4.1 Material Selection 4.2 Fabrication Process 4.3 Cost Analysis Chapter Five 5.0 Conclusion and Recommendation 5.1 Conclusion 5.2 Recommendation REFERENCE APPENDIX A viii

9 ABSTRACT Design and construction of a 50kg bottom pour ladle is important for steel casting production. The advances which have taken place in the science and practice of bottom pour ladle together with a review of the basic analysis and process have been presented. Amongst the topics dealt with in this pr0ject are mild steel shell for the outer surface of the ladle, refractory material (fire clay) mixed with water apd a binder (sodium silicate), firing of the ladle for effective casting, attachment of the stopper rod mechanism for controlling the ~ow of molten stream of metal through the nozzle and also heat lost due to conduction and radiation have also been explained. Some suggestions have been made for future development work in this field. ix