Engineering Properties of Black cotton soil Modified with Fly ash and Cement
|
|
- Charleen Chambers
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) Volume 35 Number 1 - May 16 Engineering Properties of Black cotton soil Modified with Fly ash and Cement Jaya Prakash Babu.V #1, Satyanarayana.P.V.V *2, Surya Manikantha #3 Abdul Moin #4 #1 PG Student, #2 Professor, #3,#4 PG students &Civil eng. department& Andhra University Visakhapatnam, India Abstract: Black cotton soil is a typical volume change soil which loses its strength on wetting due to increase in its volume and in absence of water it shows multiple cracks due to decrease in its volume. This volume change behavior causes distress when structures located on these soils and also these soils can be used as construction material.. Present paper describes the strength behavior of Black cotton soil treated with fly ash as stabilizer. Fly ash is a fine powder obtained from burning of coal during the production of electricity. Disposal of Fly ash is a big problem. To minimize the disposal of Fly ash onto large land areas, it can be used as a construction material in civil engineering works. In this an attempt is made for the utilization of Fly ash in bulk quantities by adding it to expansive soil at various percentages of cement and tests like plasticity, swell, compaction and tests were performed. From the test results it is identified that addition of Fly ash and cement decreases plasticity and improves strength characteristics. Addition 32-4 Fly ash and 6-8 cement attains higher values and improved swell characteristics. Key words: Expansive soil, Fly Ash, cement, 1. INTRODUCTION: Black cotton soils accounts about of land area in India and are predominantly located in the Deccan trap covering the states. Most Indian Black cotton soils are rich in Montmorillonate, this mineral is responsible for swell-shrink behavior of the soil. It is highly sensitive to moisture changes; Katti(1979) 2 has given properties of Black cotton soils which have Liquid limit 4-1, Plastic limit -6, Differential Free Swell index - 1.Structures located on these soils subjected to differential settlements due to moisture variations (Bala Subramanyam et.al 1989) 1. Hence the subgrade and its undesirable characteristics to be modified using a suitable stabilization technique. Stabilization involves the methods used for modifying the properties of a soil to improve its engineering performance. Keeping in this view investigation carried out with fly ash. In India, about 1 million tonns of coal ash is produced annually.coal-ash management poses a serious environmental problem for India and requires a mission-mode approach. Disposal of wastage requires costly land at thermal power plants and the transport of flyash to the ash ponds entail heavy expenditure. some researchers P.V.V.Satyanarayana et.al (13) 11 studied on the Strength characteristics of Expansive soil-fly ash mixes at various moulding water contents,kiran B.Biradar et.al (14) 3 studied the Influence of steel slag and Fly ash on Strength Properties of Clayey soil, Ramakrishnan, A.K. et.al(1) 1 Stabilization of Annamalainagar Clay with lime- Fly ash,nalbantoglu, Satyanarayana.P.V.V et.al (13) 12 studied the Bulk utilization of flyash lime sodium silicate mixes in geotechnical applications,satyanarayana.p.v.v et.al(16) 13 studied on the Engineering Properties of Expansive Soil Stabilized with Fly ash and Lime Mixes, Prabakar, J.et.al (3) 9 studied Influence of fly ash on strength behavior of typical soils,sridharan, A.et.al (1998)15 studied Use of Fly ash to improve the of soil, Pandian, N.S. et.al (2) 7 studied California bearing ratio behavior of cement stabilized fly ash-soil mixes, Kolias, S. et.al (5)4 studied Stabilization of Clayey soils with high calcium fly ash and cement, Phanikumar, B.R. et.al (7) 8 studied Volume changes Behaviour of fly ash-stabilized clay, Pandian, N.S. et.al (2) 6 studied The pozzolanic effect of fly ash on the behaviour of black cotton soil. In present investigation various percentages of Fly ash and cement mixes are added to expansive soils and effect of these mixes was studied in terms of plasticity, compaction, swell and strength characteristics. 2.. MATERIALS: To study the performance of Fly Ash and Cement mixes on expansive soil, which is obtained from delta areas of Godavari River in Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India and Fly Ash was collected from NPTC, Parawada of Visakhapatnam district,andhra Pradesh, India and cement of OPC 43 grade obtained from local markets Black cotton soil: ISSN: Page 477
2 Finer Finer () International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) Volume 35 Number 1 - May 16 Expansive soils in India are popularly known as Black cotton soils. Expansive soil under study was collected dried and pulverized into the required sizes and tested for properties like gradation,compaction, strength as per IS27 and the results are shown in table-1 and fig-1 Table.1.Geotechnical properties of Black cotton soil Property Grain size (mm) Values Gravel () Sand () 28 Fines () 72 a. Silt () 72 b. Clay() Liquid Limit () 28 Plastic Limit () NP Specific gravity 2.1 Optimum moisture content () () 21 Maximum dry density () (g/cc) 1.28 California bearing ratio () () 4 Coefficient of uniformity (Cu) Coefficient of curvature (Cc) 2.13 Fig-1: Gradation curve of Black Cotton soil From the test results it is identified that it contains fines (less than 75µm) of 95.shows alluvial origin out of which 4 of silt and 55 as clay particles. The presence of fines contributed for high liquid limit ( w L ) of 74 and plasticity index of 45 can be classified as CH soil based on IS It also exhibited high swelling characteristics with FIS as 1 and swell pressure as 9kpa and attained very low strength values under soaking in terms of as Fly ash: Fly ash was collected from National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC), which is located at Parawada, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh. The collected dried Fly Ash was subjected to various geo-technical characterizations such as gradation, compaction, strength, permeability etc., and the test Property Values Gravel () Sand () 4 Fines () 96 a) Silt 5 b) Clay 46 Liquid Limit () 74 Plastic Limit () 29 Plasticity Index (I P ) 45 IS Classification CH Optimum moisture content () () 26 Maximum dry density () (g/cc) 1.52 California bearing ratio () ( Soaked) 1. Angle of shearing resistance (Ø) 15 results are shown in table -2 and Fig 2(a),2(b) Table 2. Geotechnical Characterizations of Fly ash Cohesion (t/m 2 ) Particle size (mm) Fig-2: Gradation curve of Fly ash Table 3. Chemical Composition of Flyash Compound Formula Percentage SiO Al 2 O CaO 1.74 MgO.86 TiO V2O 5.9 ZnO.9 From the test results it is identified that, it has 72 fine particles (<75µm) and all these particles are silt ranges. It is non-plastic and incompressible material. It has low specific Gravity and attained less dry Density with high Moisture Contents due to nature of Flyash particles. From the chemical composition it isd identified that it has less percentage of CaO (1.74<15) classified under ISSN: Page 478
3 () Water content () (g/cc) International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) Volume 35 Number 1 - May 16 class F flyash (ASTM) and presence of high percentages of sio 2 and Al 2 O 3 (9) make the Flyash Pozzolanic with addituion of Lime, Cement and other additives. 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS 3.1 Effect of Fly ash on Engineering Properties of Expansive Soils To study the effect of Fly ash on Expansive soil, various percentage of fly ash i.e.,, 5 by dry weight of soil were added and effectively mixed and tested for characteristics like consistency, compaction, and swell as per IS27,as the results are shown in table-4 and fig-3(a)-3(e) Table 2. Various characteristics of soil-fly ash mixes Fig 3(b). Vs FLY ASH () Fly ash () Fig 3. Vs FLY ASH () FLYASH W L W P I P Liquid limit Plastic limit 1 3 Plasticity index 4 5 Fly ash () Fig 3(a).Consistency limits g/cc Fly ash () NP NP NP NP NP Fly ash () Fig 3. Vs FLY ASH () Fig 3. Vs FLY ASH () From the consistency test data, it is identified that as the percentage of fly ash is increasing liquid limit and plasticity index values are decreasing and plastic limit values are increasing. This phenomenon is continued up to 3 after it became non-plastic. The decrease in liquid limit is due to the decrease in diffused double layer by replacement of clay particles by fly ash particles and increase in plastic limit is due to the development of shear resistance at inter particle level and the particles in soil-fly ash matrix require more water to mobilize for rolling. From the compaction test data it is identified that with increasing the percentage of fly ash values are increasing and values are decreasing. This increase in values are Fly ash () ISSN: Page 479
4 () International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) Volume 35 Number 1 - May 16 due to the development of flocculated structure which resists the compaction effort and the particles in the soil-fly ash matrix requires more water to mobilize and less solids occupied in the given volume and low dry densities are also due to nature and low specific gravity of fly ash particles compared to clay particles. It is also observed that with increasing percentage of fly ash free swell values are decreasing. At a dosage of 4 it became low swelling and at 5 it is non-swelling. The decrease in swelling characteristics is due to decrease of the amount of repulsion between clay particles due to replacement of clay by fly ash particles. From the test results of it is identified that as the percentage of Fly ash is increasing values are also increasing up to 4 and then decreasing. Fly ash Clay blend offers more resistance compared to individual Fly ash particles and clay particles. 3.2 Effect of Cement on Fly ash Stabilized Expansive soil To study the effect of Cement on Fly ash stabilized expansive soil, various percentage of cement i.e. 2,4,6,.1 by dry weight of soil were added and effectively mixed and tested for characteristics like compaction, strength and swell as per IS27,and the results are shown in below. Table.5.Various Characteristics of Lime Stabilized Expansive soil fly ash mixes Fly ash 3 Fly ash 4 Fly ash CEMENT () Fig 4(a). () Vs CEMENT () Fly ash 3 Fly ash 4 Fly ash CEMENT () Fig 4(a). () Vs CEMENT () CEMENT () () (g/cc) FLY ASH () 3 4 () (g/cc) () (g/cc) ISSN: Page 48
5 () (g/cc International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) Volume 35 Number 1 - May CEMENT () Fig 4(a). (g/cc) Vs CEMENT () Fig 4(a). () Vs CEMENT () Fly ash 3 Fly ash 4 Fly ash Fly ash 3 Fly ash 4 Fly ash CEMENT () Compaction test data shows that with increasing the percentage of fly ash & cement values are increasing & values are decreasing. Increase in values are due to increase in cement concentration in pore water makes the particle further flocculate and more pore water is needed to mobilize the particle against compaction effort and hydration of cement is also responsible. Decrease in values are due to occupation of solids contributed less weight due to replacement of clay particles by Fly ash particles and acceleration of flocculated structure by cement particles. From the test results it is also identified that as the percentage of Fly ash and cement increases Differential Free Swell Index values decreases. At 4 dosage of cement with respective to all Fly ashes the soil became non-swelling. Addition of cement makes the soil-fly ash matrix move repultant against swelling due to absorption of calcium particles on to the surface of clay particles. test data shows the increase in percentage of cement increases the values of soil-fly ash matrix and attained high values at dosage of 8 of cement. Addition of cement to soil-fly ash blends offers more resistance against compression is due to development of cementitious compounds and became crystalline over a period of time. APPLICATIONS: 1. Addition of 4 Fly ash to Black cotton soil attained value of 7 with nonplastic and low swelling can be used as Sub-Grade material. 2. Addition of 4 cement and 3-4 Fly ash to the Black cotton soil attained values 26-3 can be used as Sub-Base material. 3. Addition of 8-1 cement and 32-4 of Fly ash to the Black cotton soil attained value 8 can be used as Base course material. CONCLUSIONS: High Expansive Black cotton soil can be effectively utilized as a Geo technical material by addition of 3-4 fly ash and 6-1 cement. At these dosage of admixtures the Black cotton soil can be behaves non-plastic and non-swelling can reduce the problems of volume change. Bulk utilization of Fly ash reduces its deposal problem. REFERENCES: [1] Balasubramaniam, A. S., Bergado, D. T., Buensuceso Jr, B. Rand Yong, W. C. (1989). Strength and deformation Characteristics of lime-treated soft clays. Geotech. Eng. [2] Katti,R.k.(1979), Search for solutions to problems in black cotton soils, First TGS annual lecture, Indian Geotech.Journal,No.1,vol.95 [3] Kiran B.Biradar, Arun Kumar.U, Satyanarayana.P.V.V. (14) Influence of steel slag and Fly ash on Strenth Properties of Clayey soil:a comparative study International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT).e-ISSN: , p-issn: Volume 14, No.2,August 14,Page No [4] Kolias, S., Rigopoulou, V.K. and karahalios, A. (5), Stabilization of Clayey soils with high calcium fly ash and cement, Cement and Concrete Composites, 27, [5] KRISHNA RAO.C.V, SATYANARAYANA.P.V.V, RAMA RAO.R (2) Fly ash - a construction material in rural roads Conference 4th International conference on Ground Improvement Techniques Volume 2 Issue 1 Pages [6] Pandian, N.S. and K.C. Krishna. (2). The pozzolanic effect of fly ash on the behaviour of black cotton soil. J. of testing and Evaluation, ASTM, 31(6), [7] Pandian, N.S. and Krishna, K.C. (2), California bearing ratio behavior of cement stabilized fly ash-soil mixes, Journal of testing and evaluation, 3(6), 1-5. [8] Phanikumar, B.R. and Sharma, R.S. (7), Volume changes Behaviour of fly ash-stabilized clays, Journal of materials in Civil Engineering, 19(1), [9] Prabakar, J., Dendorkar, n., and Morchhale, R.K (3), Influence of fly ash on strength behavior of typical soils. Construction and building material, pp [1] Ramakrishnan, A.K., Natarajan, K., and Ravichandran, K. (1), Stabilization of Annamalainagar Clay with lime- Fly ash, Indian Geotechnical Conference, Dec , 1, pp [11] Satyanarayana.P.V.V, Hemanth kumar.s, Praveen.D, Suresh kumar.b.v(13). A study on Strength ISSN: Page 481
6 International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) Volume 35 Number 1 - May 16 characteristics of Expansive soil-fly ash mixes at various moulding water contents, International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering(IJRTE). ISSN: ,Vol-2,Issue-5,pp [12] Satyanarayana.P.V.V K.Prasadarao, U.Arunkumar and K. Sivaramakrishna Bulk utilization of flyash lime sodium silicate mixes in geotechnical applications Publication date 13/8 Journal Pollution Research Volume 32 Issue Impact factor: ISSn No: [13] Satyanarayana.P.V.V, Vijaya Sree.K, Mohan Rao.G, Jaya Prakash Babu.V(16)A Study on the Engineering Properties of Expansive Soil Stabilized with Fly ash and Lime Mixes, International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering,ISSN , Volume 6, Issue 4, pp [14] Satyanarayana.P.V.V, Krishna rao.c.v, Rama Rao.R (4) Utilization of Lime fly Ash Stabilized Expansive Soil in Roads and Embankments Indian Geotechnical Conference Volume 1 Issue 1 Pages [15] Sridharan, A., Pandian, N.S. and Srinivas, S. (1998), Use of Fly ash to improve the of soil, Indian Geotechnical Conference, Vol. 2, ISSN: Page 482
INFLUENCE OF FLY ASH IN STRENGTH CHARACTERISTICS OF COHESIVE SOILS
International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 7, Issue 6, November-December 2016, pp. 67 72, Article ID: IJCIET_07_06_008 Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijciet/issues.asp?jtype=ijciet&vtype=7&itype=6
More informationSoil Stabilization using Fly Ash and Rice Husk Ash
ISSN(Online): - ISSN (Print): - (An ISO : Certified Organization) Vol., Issue, July Soil Stabilization using Fly Ash and Rice Husk Ash Er. Jasvir Singh, Er.Harpreet Singh Maan Assistant Professor, Department
More informationInfluence of Fly Ash Content on Compaction Characteristics of Fly Ash Clay Mixture
Jordan Journal of Civil Engineering, Volume, No. 1, 16 Influence of Fly Ash Content on Compaction Characteristics of Fly Ash Clay Mixture Ashis Kumar Bera 1)* and Sayan Kundu 2) 1) Associate Professor
More informationASIAN JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING (BUILDING AND HOUSING) VOL. 9, NO. 5 (2008) PAGES
ASIAN JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING (BUILDING AND HOUSING) VOL. 9, NO. 5 (2008) PAGES 505-512 THE INFLUENCE OF RANDOMLY ORIENTED HAIR FIBRE AND LIME ON THE CBR VALUE OF DADRI FLY ASH J.N. Akhtar *, J. Alam
More informationStabilization of Black Cotton Soil using Alkali Activated Fly Ash
IJIRST International Journal for Innovative Research in Science & Technology Volume 3 Issue 02 July 2016 ISSN (online): 2349-6010 Stabilization of Black Cotton Soil using Alkali Activated Fly Ash Prashant
More informationCHEMICAL STABILIZATION OF BLACK COTTON SOIL FOR SUB-GRADE LAYER
Int. J. Struct. & Civil Engg. Res. 2014 Parijat Jain and H S Goliya, 2014 Research Paper ISSN 2319 6009 www.ijscer.com Vol. 3, No. 3, August 2014 2014 IJSCER. All Rights Reserved CHEMICAL STABILIZATION
More informationUtilization of Industrial Waste in Low Volume Roads Construction
Utilization of Industrial Waste in Low Volume Roads Construction Heeralal.M 1, Venkatesh.N 2, Praveen.G.V 3 Abstract----Potential use of waste materials in several engineering fields has been the need
More informationA Study on Strength Characteristics of BC Soil-Flyash Mixes
A Study on Strength Characteristics of BC Soil-Flyash Mixes S.M. Mahajan 1, Dr. D. K. Parbat 2 1 Associate Professor, Civil Engineering Department, Babasaheb Naik College of Engineering Pusad, (M.S.) India
More informationEffect of Moisture Content of Wet Fly Ash on Basic Properties of Mortar and Concrete
Fourth International Conference on Sustainable Construction Materials and Technologies http://www.claisse.info/proceedings.htm SCMT4 Las Vegas, USA, August 7-11, 216 Effect of Moisture Content of Wet Fly
More informationREPORT GEO-TECHNICAL INVESTIGATION FOR THE PROPOSED BLOCK-7 SUB-STATION SY NO-225, NEAR RAYACHERLU VILLAGE
REPORT ON GEO-TECHNICAL INVESTIGATION FOR THE PROPOSED BLOCK-7 SUB-STATION SY NO-225, NEAR RAYACHERLU VILLAGE CLIENT: KARNATAKA SOLAR POWER DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION BANGALORE 0 GEO-TECHNICAL INVESTIGATION
More informationREPORT GEO-TECHNICAL INVESTIGATION FOR THE PROPOSED BLOCK-1 SUB-STATION SY NO-44, NEAR KYATAGANACHERLU VILLAGE
REPORT ON GEO-TECHNICAL INVESTIGATION FOR THE PROPOSED BLOCK-1 SUB-STATION SY NO-44, NEAR KYATAGANACHERLU VILLAGE CLIENT: KARNATAKA SOLAR POWER DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION BANGALORE 0 GEO-TECHNICAL INVESTIGATION
More informationMixing of Fly Ash in Coal Mine Overburden Dump: An Eco-friendly Method of Fly Ash Disposal
International Proceedings of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, V0l. 100 (2017) DOI: 10.7763/IPCBEE. 2017. V100. 7 Mixing of Fly Ash in Coal Mine Overburden Dump: An Eco-friendly Method
More informationEFFECT OF FLY ASH GRADATION ON WORKABILITY, STRENGTH AND DURABILITY OF PORTLAND CEMENT FLY ASH MORTARS
EFFECT OF FLY ASH GRADATION ON WORKABILITY, STRENGTH AND DURABILITY OF PORTLAND CEMENT FLY ASH MORTARS Xian P. Liu, Pei M. Wang and Jie Sun Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials (Tongji
More informationSomeGeotechnicalPropertiesofCoalFlyAshandSandMixtureswithDifferentRatiousinginHighway Embankments
Global Journal of Researches in Engineering: e Civil And tructural Engineering Volume 4 Issue 5 Version. Year 24 Type: Double Blind Peer Reviewed International Research Journal Publisher: Global Journals
More informationInfluences of fly ash and coir fiber on strength properties of soft soil
Research Journal of Engineering Sciences ISSN 2278 9472 Influences of fly ash and coir fiber on strength properties of soft soil Abstract Swati Sucharita Rout *, Monoswi Manini Sahoo and Rupashree Ragini
More informationD DAVID PUBLISHING. Manufacturing Ultra High Performance Concretes by Silica Fume, Ultra Fine Fly Ash and Metakaolin Addition. 1.
Journal of Materials Science and Engineering A 7 (5-6) (2017) 136-142 doi: 10.17265/2161-6213/2017.5-6.003 D DAVID PUBLISHING Manufacturing Ultra High Performance Concretes by Silica Fume, Tony Song, Ion
More informationModified Time of Setting Test for Fly Ash Paste and Fly Ash Soil Mixtures
Technical Note Modified Time of Setting Test for Fly Ash Paste and Fly Ash Soil Mixtures Xin Kang 1 ; Gi-Chun Kang 2 ; and Louis Ge, M.ASCE 3 Downloaded from ascelibrary.org by NTU on 3/14/13. Copyright
More informationTime rate of swelling of compacted highly plastic clay soil from Sudan
Time rate of swelling of compacted highly plastic clay soil from Sudan 1 A M Elsharief, 2 Mai Sufian 1 University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan 2 Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan
More informationFIGURES APPENDIX A SYMBOL SAMPLING DESCRIPTION Location of sample obtained in general accordance with ASTM D 1586 Standard Penetration Test with recovery Location of sample obtained using thin-wall
More informationA REVIEW ON SOIL STABILIZATION USING RBI GRADE-81
A REVIEW ON SOIL STABILIZATION USING RBI GRADE-81 Neelesh Raghuwanshi 1, Suneet Kaur 2 1 M.Tech. Scholar, Geotechnical Engineering, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal, India 2 Associate
More informationTo Enhance the Engineering Properties of Clay Bricks with use of Fly Ash
To Enhance the Engineering Properties of Clay with use of Fly DEVENDRA B. GARUD M.E. Student, S.S.V.P.S s. B.S.D.C.O.E, Dhule PROF. S.S.BACHHAV Civil Engineering Department, S.S.V.P.S s. B.S.D.C.O.E, Dhule
More informationTo study the hardened properties of SCC by effectiveness range of SCBA of different regions
To study the hardened properties of SCC by effectiveness range of SCBA of different regions Kumar S. Sinde 1, Dr.S.S.Angalekar 2, 1Student of 2nd year ME Civil (Structure) of the Sinhgad College of Engineering,
More informationUSE OF FLY ASH IN CONCRETE: A REVIEW
Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering & Management (IJLTEM) www.ijltem.com ISSN: 2456-1770 USE OF FLY ASH IN CONCRETE: A REVIEW Abstract: Portland cement concrete industry has grown in recent years.
More informationApplication of Expansive Soil Geotechnical Procedures
Application of Expansive Soil Geotechnical Procedures FPA PRESENTATION John T. Bryant, Ph.D., P.G., P.E with Robert L. Lytton, Ph.D., PE. And Mr. Dean Read HOUSTON, TEXAS WEDNESDAY DECEMBER 10, 2008 2008
More informationReinforced Soil Retaining Walls-Design and Construction
Lecture 32 Reinforced Soil Retaining Walls-Design and Construction Prof. G L Sivakumar Babu Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 Example calculation An 8 m high
More informationSUPPORTING NOTES FOR THE EVALUATION OF UNBOUND ROAD BASE AND SUB-BASE AGGREGATES
SUPPORTING NOTES FOR THE EVALUATION OF UNBOUND ROAD BASE AND SUB-BASE AGGREGATES (These notes are guidelines only and must not be included in the Contract Documents). 1. SCOPE These Notes are guidelines
More informationClayton Hubbs, Stabilizer Solutions, Inc. Barney Lopas, L.A. Angels of Anaheim Grant Trenbeath, Arizona Diamondbacks
Clayton Hubbs, Stabilizer Solutions, Inc. Barney Lopas, L.A. Angels of Anaheim Grant Trenbeath, Arizona Diamondbacks How did you learn to manage an infield skin? The Apprentice 2010 JMBP, Inc. All rights
More informationFly Ash Utilisation in Odisha
Fly Ash Utilisation in Odisha Fly Ash Utilisation Conference, Delhi 15 th, March, 2018 Dr. D.K. Behera Sr. Env. Scientist State Pollution Control Board, Odisha Bhubaneswar Setting up of Fly Ash Resource
More informationJurnal Teknologi CONSISTENCY OF FLY ASH QUALITY FOR MAKING HIGH VOLUME FLY ASH CONCRETE. Full Paper
Jurnal Teknologi CONSISTENCY OF FLY ASH QUALITY FOR MAKING HIGH VOLUME FLY ASH CONCRETE Antoni *, Alvin Krisnanta Widianto, Jerry Lakshmana Wiranegara, Djwantoro Hardjito Civil Engineering Department,
More informationRESISTANCE OF COMPACTED ASPHALT MIXTURE TO MOISTURE INDUCED DAMAGE (Kansas Test Method KT-56)
5.9.56 RESISTANCE OF COMPACTED ASPHALT MIXTURE TO MOISTURE INDUCED DAMAGE (Kansas Test Method ) 1. SCOPE This test covers preparation of specimens and measurement of the change of tensile strength resulting
More informationBehavior of Square Footing Resting on Reinforced Sand Subjected to Static Load
IJIRST International Journal for Innovative Research in Science & Technology Volume 3 Issue 02 July 2016 ISSN (online): 2349-6010 Behavior of Square Footing Resting on Reinforced Sand Subjected to Static
More informationInternational Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 7, Issue 9, September ISSN
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 7, Issue 9, September-2016 29 VARIATION OF SWELLING PRESSURE WITH AREA RATIO Er Naveen 1, Dr R K Pandey 2, Er C S Mishra 3 1. PG Student
More informationProf. B V S Viswanadham, Department of Civil Engineering, IIT Bombay
43 Module 3: Lecture - 5 on Compressibility and Consolidation Contents Stresses in soil from surface loads; Terzaghi s 1-D consolidation theory; Application in different boundary conditions; Ramp loading;
More informationSOIL IMPROVEMENT BY VACUUM PRELOADING FOR A POWER PLANT PROJECT IN VIETNAM
18 th Southeast Asian Geotechnical & Inaugural AGSSEA Conference 29-31 May 213, Singapore Leung, Goh & Shen (eds) SOIL IMPROVEMENT BY VACUUM PRELOADING FOR A POWER PLANT PROJECT IN VIETNAM GOUW TJIE-LIONG
More informationTECHNICAL REPORT STANDARD PAGE
TECHNICAL REPORT STANDARD PAGE 1. Report No. FHWA/LA-90/221 4. Title and Subtitle FLY ASH IN CONCRETE 2. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient's Catalog No. 5. Report Date AUGUST 1990 6. Performing Organization
More informationModule 7 Lecture 1. Swelling and Collapse Behavior
Swelling and Collapse Behavior Module 7 Lecture 1 Collapse and swelling phenomena occur in unsaturated soils during the saturation process. The compacted unsaturated soils, on the dry of optimum, have
More informationUNIT-I SOIL EXPLORATION
SIDDHARTH GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS :: PUTTUR Siddharth Nagar, Narayanavanam Road 517583 QUESTION BANK (DESCRIPTIVE) Subject with Code : Geotechnical Engineering - II (16CE127) Year & Sem: III-B.Tech & II-Sem
More informationGreen Building Bricks Made with Clays and Sugar Cane Bagasse Ash
Green Building Bricks Made with Clays and Sugar Cane Bagasse Ash Danupon Tonnayopas Department of Mining and Materials Engineering Faculty of Engineering Prince of Songkla University Introduction Performances
More informationEffective Mixing Method for Stability of Air Content in Fresh Mortar of Self-Compacting Concrete in terms of Air Diameter
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Effective Mixing Method for Stability of Air Content in Fresh Mortar of Self-Compacting Concrete in terms of Air Diameter Sovannsathya RATH*, Masahiro OUCHI** *Kochi University of Technology
More informationCONE PENETRATION TESTS
February 25, 2015 John Doe, P.E. Acme Engineering and Testing 1234 Test Avenue, Suite 204 Lake Wales, FL 33853 Re: Sample CPT Soundings Dear Mr. Doe, Direct Push Services, LLC (DPS) was retained by Acme
More information[Barve, 4(7): July, 2015] ISSN: (I2OR), Publication Impact Factor: 3.785
IJESRT INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY PARAMETRIC STUDY TO UNDERSTAND THE SEISMIC BEHAVIOUR OF INTZE TANK SUPPORTED ON SHAFT Prasad S. Barve *, Ruchi P. Barve * Civil
More informationBearing Capacity and Settlement Response of PMS Tanks on Cohesionless Soil Lithology in Lekki, Lagos of Nigeria
Available online at www.scholarsresearchlibrary.com European Journal of Applied Engineering and Scientific Research,, ():- (http://scholarsresearchlibrary.com/archive.html) ISSN: 8 Bearing Capacity and
More informationStability of slopes of municipal solid waste landfills with co-disposal of biosolids
Geo-Environment and Landscape Evolution II 215 Stability of slopes of municipal solid waste landfills with co-disposal of biosolids M. Chopra, D. Reinhart, M. Vajirkar & B. Koodhathinkal University of
More informationPushover Analysis of Water Tank Staging
Pushover Analysis of Water Tank Dhiraj Virkhare 1, Prof. Laxmikant Vairagade 2, Vikrant Nair 3 1 P.G. Student, Civil Engineering Department, G.H.R.A.E.T Nagpur, Maharashtra, India 2Assistant Professor,
More informationCONTRACTOR MIX DESIGN GUIDELINES ASPHALT CONCRETE
CONTRACTOR MIX DESIGN GUIDELINES For ASPHALT CONCRETE OREGON DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION CONTRACTOR MIX DESIGN GUIDELINES for ASPHALT CONCRETE These guidelines outline the procedures to be used in developing,
More informationGround Failure Mechanism of Micoropiled-raft
Ground Failure Mechanism of Micoropiled-raft T. H. Hwang 1), H. J. Kim 2), and * J.H. Shin 3) 1), 2), 3) Department of Civil Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea 3) jhshin@konkuk.ac.kr
More informationCHAPTER 5: VACUUM TEST WITH VERTICAL DRAINS
CHAPTER 5: VACUUM TEST WITH VERTICAL DRAINS 5.1 Introduction Using surcharging as the sole soil consolidation mean can take a long time to reach the desired soil settlement. Soil consolidation using prefabricated
More informationUnderstanding Hydrated Lime Properties In Acid Gas Control
Understanding Hydrated Lime Properties In Acid Gas Control Mike Tate McIlvaine Company Hot Topic Hour June 21, 2012 Understanding Sorbent Properties Material Handling Chemistry Reactivity Effect on Particulate
More informationWYDOT CONCRETE MIX DESIGN PROCEDURE
WYDOT CONCRETE MIX DESIGN PROCEDURE Scope: This procedure documents the requirements for obtaining a concrete mix design or referencing an approved mix design from the WYDOT Materials Program, and the
More informationInfluence of effective stress on swelling pressure of expansive soils
ES Web of Conferences 9, 06 (06) DOI: 0.0/ esconf/060906 E-UNSAT 06 Influence of effective stress on swelling pressure of expansive soils,a Wiebke Baille, Linzhi Lang, Snehasis Tripathy and Tom Schanz
More informationRESERVOIR DRIVE MECHANISMS
RESERVOIR DRIVE MECHANISMS There are several ways in which oil can be naturally displaced and produced from a reservoir, and these may be termed mechanisms or "drives". Where one mechanism is dominant,
More informationDevelopment of Data Acquisition System for Consolidated Undrained Triaxial Test
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering PAPER OPEN ACCESS Development of Data Acquisition System for Consolidated Undrained Triaxial Test To cite this article: L M Lee et al 2016 IOP Conf.
More informationTypical factors of safety for bearing capacity calculation in different situations
Typical factors of safety for bearing capacity calculation in different situations Density of soil: In geotechnical engineering, one deals with several densities such as dry density, bulk density, saturated
More informationaustralian cement industry Statistics 2012
australian cement industry Statistics 2012 2 introduction In 2012 the Australian cement industry recorded a turnover of A$2.15 billion and directly employed over 1700 people, many of whom are based in
More informationW I L D W E L L C O N T R O L FLUIDS
FLUIDS Fluids Learning Objectives You will learn about different fluids that can be used in well control. You will become familiar with the characteristics and limitations of fluids. You will learn general
More informationInfluence of Settlement on Bearing Capacity Analysis of Shallow Foundations on Sandy Clays in the Niger Delta, Nigeria
Available online at www.scholarsresearchlibrary.com European Journal of Applied Engineering and Scientific Research, 201, 2 (4):20-27 (http://scholarsresearchlibrary.com/archive.html) ISSN: 22 0041 Influence
More informationPneumatic blending in a bin or silo that is, aerating. Saving time, labor, and money with pneumatic batch blending
As appeared in January 2013 PBE www.powderbulk.com Saving time, labor, and money with pneumatic batch blending Mike Weyandt Nol-Tec Systems With a pneumatic blender, you can mix batches of dry bulk materials
More informationSupplementary cementitious Materials
Supplementary cementitious Materials Karen Scrivener WORKING DOCUMENT Most promising approach reducing the clinker factor CO 2 Process optimisation clinker factor Clinker Gypsum Cement SCMs Supplementary
More informationPneumatic blending in a bin or silo that is, aerating. Saving time, labor, and money with pneumatic batch blending. Copyright CSC Publishing
As appeared in January 2013 PBE Copyright CSC Publishing www.powderbulk.com Saving time, labor, and money with pneumatic batch blending Mike Weyandt Nol-Tec Systems With a pneumatic blender, you can mix
More informationAn Introduction to Deep Foundations
An Introduction to Deep Foundations J. Paul Guyer, P.E., R.A. Paul Guyer is a registered mechanical engineer, civil engineer, fire protection engineer and architect with over 35 years experience in the
More informationA07 Surfactant Induced Solubilization and Transfer Resistance in Gas-Water and Gas-Oil Systems
A07 Surfactant Induced Solubilization and Transfer Resistance in Gas-Water and Gas-Oil Systems R Farajzadeh* (TU Delft), A. Banaei (TU Delft), J. Kinkela (TU Delft), T. deloos (TU Delft), S. Rudolph (TU
More informationAnalysis of dilatometer test in calibration chamber
Analysis of dilatometer test in calibration chamber Lech Bałachowski Gdańsk University of Technology, Poland Keywords: calibration chamber, DMT, quartz sand, FEM ABSTRACT: Because DMT in calibration test
More informationTAO Safety Policy No. HS-5.1 Page 1 of 15 Revision No. 2 Revision Date: July 19, 2005
TAO Safety Policy No. HS-5.1 Page 1 of 15 Revision No. 2 1.0 OVERVIEW This safety policy provides guidance for conducting trenching and excavation activities at project sites. Emphasis is placed on sloping
More informationAnalysis and Design of Elevated Intze Watertank and its Comparative Study in Different Wind Zones - using SAP2000
IJSTE - International Journal of Science Technology & Engineering Volume 2 Issue 2 August 2015 ISSN (online): 2349-784X Analysis and Design of Elevated Intze Watertank and its Comparative Study in Different
More informationA STUDY ON GAP-ACCEPTANCE OF UNSIGNALIZED INTERSECTION UNDER MIXED TRAFFIC CONDITIONS
A STUDY ON GAP-ACCEPTANCE OF UNSIGNALIZED INTERSECTION UNDER MIXED TRAFFIC CONDITIONS S.Siva Gowri Prasad 1, Ramesh Surisetty 2, Suresh Kumar ch 3 1 Assistant professor, Department, of Civil Engineering,
More informationPressuremeters in Geotechnical Design
Pressuremeters in Geotechnical Design B.G. CLARKE Department of Civil Engineering University of Newcastle upon Tyne BLACK1E ACADEMIC & PROFESSIONAL An Imprint of Chapman & Hall London Glasgow Weinheim
More informationSept 23, 2014 LAB MANUAL
Sept 23, 2014 LAB MANUAL 1000.0 1000 STANDARD PRACTICES 1000.1 CALCULATIONS and FORMS Throughout this manual there are test calculation procedures. These calculations are provided so that a technician
More informationHCMTCB MATERIALS SAMPLING & TESTING PERFORMANCE CHECKLIST
HCMTCB MATERIALS SAMPLING & TESTING PERFORMANCE CHECKLIST Release Date: January 7, 2014 Sampling Coarse Aggregate PERFORMANCE CHECKLIST AASHTO T-2 Sampling of Aggregates Sampling From A Stockpile 1 When
More informationNotice of Intent to Close Inactive CCR Surface Impoundments
Notice of Intent to Close Inactive CCR Surface Impoundments Virginia Electric and Power Company Possum Point Power Station Coal Combustion Residual Surface Impoundments A, B, C, D, and E Dumfries, Virginia
More informationCubzac-les-Ponts Experimental Embankments on Soft Clay
Cubzac-les-Ponts Experimental Embankments on Soft Clay GEO-SLOPE International Ltd. www.geo-slope.com 1, 7 - th Ave SW, Calgary, AB, Canada TP T Main: +1 3 9 Fax: +1 3 39 Introduction In the 197 s, a series
More informationFine Powder Flow Phenomena in Bins, Hoppers, and Processing Vessels 1
Fine Powder Flow Phenomena in Bins, Hoppers, and Processing Vessels 1 by T. Anthony Royal and Dr. John W. Carson ABSTRACT Fine powders often exhibit significant twophase (solid/gas) interactions when they
More informationCritical Gust Pressures on Tall Building Frames-Review of Codal Provisions
Dr. B.Dean Kumar Dept. of Civil Engineering JNTUH College of Engineering Hyderabad, INDIA bdeankumar@gmail.com Dr. B.L.P Swami Dept. of Civil Engineering Vasavi College of Engineering Hyderabad, INDIA
More informationMechanically Activated Fly Ash For Blended Cement
Mechanically Activated Fly Ash For Blended Cement FINAL REPORT - FHWA-OK-1-2?? ODOT SPR ITEM NUMBER 2213(4) By Chris C. Ramseyer Assistant Professor Roozbeh Kiamanesh Research Assistant Civil Engineering
More informationFigure 1 Schematic of opposing air bearing concept
Theoretical Analysis of Opposing Air Bearing Concept This concept utilizes air bearings to constrain five degrees of freedom of the optic as shown in the figure below. Three pairs of inherently compensated
More informationEffects of Water Content and Compaction on Ball Movement on Major Cricket Pitch Soils in Trinidad
E.I. Ekwue, A. Ramsumair, and R. Birch: Effects of Water Content and Compaction on Ball Movement on Major Cricket Pitch Soils in Trinidad 83 Effects of Water Content and Compaction on Ball Movement on
More informationNon-Linear Seismic Analysis of Multi-Storey Building
Non-Linear Seismic Analysis of Multi-Storey Building Uzair Khan 1 1 M.Tech (Structural & Construction Engineering) Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar. Hina Gupta
More informationm v = 1.04 x 10-4 m 2 /kn, C v = 1.29 x 10-2 cm 2 /min
2.10 Problems Example 2.1: Design of Shallow Foundation in Saturated Clay Design a square footing to support a column load of 667 kn. The base of the footing will be located 1 m below the ground level
More informationAN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON BUBBLE DECK SLAB SYSTEM WITH ELLIPTICAL BALLS
Proceeding of NCRIET-2015 & Indian J.Sci.Res. 12(1):021-027, 2015 ISSN: 0976-2876 (Print) ISSN: 2250-0138 (Online) AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON BUBBLE DECK SLAB SYSTEM WITH ELLIPTICAL BALLS ARATI SHETKAR a1
More informationInternational Journal of Technical Research and Applications e-issn: , Volume 4, Issue 3 (May-June, 2016), PP.
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF FEED CHECK VALVE AS CONTROL VALVE USING CFD SOFTWARE R.Nikhil M.Tech Student Industrial & Production Engineering National Institute of Engineering Mysuru, Karnataka, India -570008
More informationFlow and Heat Transfer Characteristics Over a NACA0018 Aerofoil and a Test Aerofoil A Comparative Study
Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics Over a NACA0018 Aerofoil and a Test Aerofoil A Comparative Study 1 M.Sri Rama Murthy, 2 Dr. K.Rambabu, 3 Dr. A.V.S.S.K.S.Gupta 1,2 Dept. of ME, Sir C.R.R.College
More informationA Slipway Structure for River Ship Repair
1 Paper N 0 : III.05 A Slipway Structure for River Ship Repair Zorislav Sorić, Radovan Vugrinec Predrag Kvasnička, Tomislav Kišiček Josip Galić, Leo Matešić Abstract: A slipway structure for ship repair
More informationChloride Stabilization of Unpaved Road Aggregate Surfacing *
Chloride Stabilization of Unpaved Road Aggregate Surfacing * Stephen Monlux, PE 1 and Michael Mitchell, PE 2 1 US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service (Retired) 3738 Central Avenue West Missoula MT
More informationEquipment Productivity
Arab Academy for Science, Technology & Maritime Transport College of Engineering & Technology Construction & Building Engineering CB 524 Methods and Equipment for Construction 2 Equipment Productivity
More informationSIMULATION OF ENTRAPMENTS IN LCM PROCESSES
Douai, FRANCE - July 6 SIMULATION OF ENTRAPMENTS IN LCM PROCESSES René Arbter, Paolo Ermanni Centre of Structure Technologies ETH Zurich, Leonhardstr. 7, 89 Zurich, Switzerland: rarbter@ethz.ch ABSTRACT:
More informationYOUR ISTRC SYSTEM REPORT CITY FREDERICKSBURG Mr. Bill Hanna
YOUR ISTRC SYSTEM REPORT TM CITY OF FREDERICKSBURG January 13, 2017 Park Area Topdressing Sand Lab ID: 16120031 Presented To: Mr. Bill Hanna 11372 Strang Line Road Lenexa, KS 66215 Phone: 800-362-8873
More informationLicensed Copy: Puan Ms. Norhayati, Petroliam Nasional Berhad, 12 March 2003, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI
BRITISH STANDARD BS 1377-1: 1990 Incorporating Amendment No. 1 Methods of test for Soils for civil engineering purposes Part 1: General requirements and sample preparation Committees responsible for this
More informationP. A. Nageshwara Rao 3 DADI Institute of Engineering and Technology Anakapalli
ISSN: 2321-772 (Online) Volume 2, Issue 1, January 1 International Journal of Advance Research in Computer Science and Management Studies Research Paper Available online at: www.ijarcsms.com Automation
More informationStability and Computational Flow Analysis on Boat Hull
Vol. 2, Issue. 5, Sept.-Oct. 2012 pp-2975-2980 ISSN: 2249-6645 Stability and Computational Flow Analysis on Boat Hull A. Srinivas 1, V. Chandra sekhar 2, Syed Altaf Hussain 3 *(PG student, School of Mechanical
More informationA REPORT ON SUB SOIL INVESTIGATION WORK NEW HAJ TOWER COMPLEX HOOGHLY RIVER BRIDGE COMMISSIONERS
A REPORT ON SUB SOIL INVESTIGATION WORK PROJECT : NEW HAJ TOWER COMPLEX LOCATION : REVISED CHANGED SITE ON PLOT NO. IIA/26, OF RAJARHAT NEW TOWN, KOLKATA Project Implementation Authority : HOOGHLY RIVER
More informationCENGRS GEOTECHNICA PVT. LTD. Job No Sheet No. 1
CENGRS GEOTECHNICA PVT. LTD. Job No. 214030 Sheet No. 1 INTERIM REPORT ON GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION FOR PROPOSED 66 KV GRID PLOT AT G-7, DWARKA, NEW DELHI. 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Project Description M/s.
More informationBinder Modified with a Combination of PPA and SBS: The NCAT Test Track Experience PPA Workshop April 7, 2009
Binder Modified with a Combination of PPA and SBS: The NCAT Test Track Experience PPA Workshop April 7, 2009 Acknowledgments Jean-Valery Martin, Ph.D. Innophos, Inc. Gaylon Baumgardner Paragon Technical
More informationDepartment of Civil & Geological Engineering GEOE Engineering Geology
Department of Civil & Geological Engineering GEOE 218.3 Engineering Geology Assignment #3, Head, Pore Pressure & Effective Stress Due 08 Oct, 2010 NOTE: Numbered subscripts indicate depth, in metres, below
More informationSTUDY ON UPWARD MOVEMENT OF FINES FROM SANDY SEABED UNDER CYCLIC WATER PRESSURE CHANGE DUE TO WAVES
C- Fourth International Conference on Scour and Erosion STUDY ON UPWARD MOVEMENT OF FINES FROM SANDY SEABED UNDER CYCLIC WATER PRESSURE CHANGE DUE TO WAVES Takashi TSUCHIDA, Akihiro MATSUI and Ryoichi
More informationFINAL REPORT ON: GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATORY TRAINING INSTITUTE AT NIMLI VILLAGE, TIJARA ALWAR, RAJASTHAN.
FINAL REPORT ON: GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATORY TRAINING INSTITUTE AT NIMLI VILLAGE, TIJARA ALWAR, RAJASTHAN Submitted to: M/s. Nilayam Housing Pvt. Ltd. 4, Windmill Place Aya
More informationITEM 400 STRUCTURAL EXCAVATION AND BACKFILL
AFTER MARCH 1, 2012 ITEM 400 STRUCTURAL EXCAVATION AND BACKFILL 400.1 Description. This item shall govern for all excavation required for the construction of all structures, except pipe or box sewers for
More informationFull Depth Reclamation ALDOT FDR Requirements Lyndi D. Blackburn, PE
Full Depth Reclamation ALDOT FDR Requirements Lyndi D. Blackburn, PE Assistant Materials and Tests Engineer Alabama Department of Transportation Bureau of Materials and Tests 110 + MILES ALDOT FDR TOTALS
More informationRoot zone sand survey. Principal investigator: Larry Stowell. Cooperators:
Root zone sand survey Principal investigator: Larry Stowell Cooperators: Raymond Davies, Virginia Country Club Jim Duffin, Los Amigos Golf Course John Martinez, Arrowhead Country Club Daniel McIntyre,
More informationVertical Uplift Capacity of a Group of Equally Spaced Helical Screw Anchors in Sand
SECM/15/080 Vertical Uplift Capacity of a Group of Equally Spaced Helical Screw Anchors in Sand S. Mukherjee 1* and Dr. S. Mittal 2 1 Amity University, Noida, India 2 Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee,
More informationDETERMINING OPTIMUM RESIDUAL ASPHALT CONTENT (RAC) FOR POLYMER-MODIFIED SLURRY SEAL (MICROSURFACING) MIXTURES
Test Procedure for DETERMINING OPTIMUM RESIDUAL ASPHALT CONTENT (RAC) FOR POLYMER-MODIFIED SLURRY SEAL (MICROSURFACING) MIXTURES TxDOT Designation: Tex-240-F Effective Date: December 2004 1. SCOPE 1.1
More informationCFD Study of Solid Wind Tunnel Wall Effects on Wing Characteristics
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 9(45), DOI :10.17485/ijst/2016/v9i45/104585, December 2016 ISSN (Print) : 0974-6846 ISSN (Online) : 0974-5645 CFD Study of Solid Wind Tunnel Wall Effects on
More information