Life History of Aquatic Organisms (AFI-31306) Lecture: Adaptive radiation in molluscs Martin Lankheet, EZO
|
|
- Vivian Short
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Life History of Aquatic Organisms (AFI-31306) Lecture: Adaptive radiation in molluscs Martin Lankheet, EZO
2 Position in the course THEME Lectures Tutorials Practicals Introduction to Life Life-history trade-offs in History theory zooplankton Niche differentiation and feeding Migration, habitat choice and swimming Introduction to Life History theory Life histories of marine mammals and relevance for population zooplankton ecology Food & food webs Niche adaptation & ecomorphology Adaptive radiation in Lake molluscs Adaptive radiation in fishes Eco-morphological methodology Fish swimming Swimming in 'non-fish' Fish migration Life history trade-offs Density (in) dependent regulation of population numbers Food & food webs assignment Mollusks: adaptation in bivalves and squids Reflection on cyprinid fish adaptations Analysis of larval swimming Migration Feeding ecology of seals Diversity of North Sea fishes Functioning and life history of gastropods, bivalves and cephalopods Cyprinid fish: adaptive radiation Larval swimming Reproductive strategies Reproductive and life history strategies in aquatic organisms Reproduction in fishes Physiology of reproduction Size of maturity & reproduction Physiology of reproduction
3 Phylum Mollusca l Phylum Mollusca includes snails and slugs, oysters and clams, and octopuses, cuttlefish and squids.
4 Phylum Mollusca l Molluscs evolved in the sea and most molluscs are still marine. l Some gastropods and bivalves inhabit freshwater. l A few gastropods (slugs & snails) are terrestrial.
5 Humans & Molluscs l Humans use molluscs in a variety of ways: l As food mussels, clams, oysters, abalone, calamari (squid), octopus, escargot (snails), etc. l Pearls formed in oysters and clams. l Shiny inner layer of some shells used to make buttons.
6 Humans & Molluscs l A few are pests or introduced nuisances: l Shipworms burrow through wood, including docks & ships. l Terrestrial snails and slugs damage garden plants. l Molluscs serve as an intermediate host for many parasites. l Zebra mussels accidentally introduced into the Great Lakes and reeking havoc with the ecosystem.
7 Outline l General body plan l Adaptive radiation l Program: l Tomorrow: l Dissect and study Helix aspersa (garden snail) l Biologists: Study Bivalves or Cephalopods l Wednesday: l Video l Presentations/ demonstrations on Bivalves and Cephalopods
8 Molluscs Phylogenetic Position and Development
9 Phylum Mollusca l Molluscs have a mesoderm lined body cavity a coelom. l They are protostomes l Spiral, determinate cleavage l Schizocoelous coelom development
10 Mollusc Body Plan l All molluscs have a similar body plan with three main parts: l A muscular foot l A visceral mass containing digestive, circulatory, respiratory and reproductive organs. l A mantle houses the gills and in some secretes a protective shell over the visceral mass.
11 Mollusc Body Plan l Most molluscs have separate sexes with gonads located in the visceral mass.
12 Head-Foot Region l Most molluscs have well developed head ends with sensory structures including photosensory receptors that may be simple light detectors or complex eyes (cephalopods).
13 Head-Foot Region l The radula is a rasping, protrusible feeding structure found in most molluscs (not bivalves). l Ribbon-like membrane with rows of tiny teeth.
14 Head-Foot Region l The foot of a mollusc may be adapted for locomotion, attachment, or both. l Pelagic forms may have a foot modified into wing-like parapodia.
15 Shells l When present, the calcareous shell is secreted by the mantle and is lined by it. It has 3 layers: l Periostracum outer organic layer helps to protect inner layers from boring organisms. l Prismatic layer densely packed prisms of calcium carbonate. l Nacreous layer iridescent lining secreted continuously by the mantle surrounds foreign objects to form pearls in some.
16 Mantle Cavity l The space between the mantle and the visceral mass is called the mantle cavity. l The respiratory organs (gills or lungs) are generally housed here.
17 Internal Structure & Function l Many molluscs have an open circulatory system with a pumping heart, blood vessels and blood sinuses. l Most cephalopods have a closed circulatory system with a heart, blood vessels and capillaries.
18 Mollusc Life Cycle l Most molluscs are dioecious, some are hermaphroditic. l The life cycle of many molluscs includes a free swimming, ciliated larval stage called a trochophore. l Similar to annelid larvae.
19 Mollusc Life Cycle l The trochophore larval stage is followed by a free-swimming veliger larva in most species.
20 Major Mollusc Classes l Four major classes of molluscs: l Class Polyplacophora the chitons l Class Gastropoda snails & slugs l Class Bivalvia clams, mussels, oysters l Class Cephalopoda octopus & squid
21 Class Polyplacophora l Class Polyplacophora includes the chitons. l Eight articulated plates or valves. l Can roll up. l Live mostly in the rocky intertidal. l Use radula to scrape algae off rocks. l Gills are suspended from roof of mantle cavity.
22 Class Gastropoda l Gastropoda is the largest of the molluscan classes. l 70,000 named species. l Include snails, slugs, sea hares, sea slugs, sea butterflies. l Marine, freshwater, terrestrial. l Benthic or pelagic
23 Class Gastropoda l Gastropods show bilateral symmetry, but due to a twisting process called torsion that occurs during the veliger larval stage, the visceral mass is asymmetrical.
24 Class Gastropoda, coiling l Coiling is not the same as torsion. l Early gastropods had a planospiral shell where each whorl lies outside the others. l Bulky l Conispiral shells have each whorl to the side of the preceding one. l Unbalanced l Shell shifts over for better weight distribution.
25 Gastropod Feeding Habits l Most gastropods are herbivores and feed by scraping algae off hard surfaces using the radula. l Some are scavengers of dead organisms, again tearing off pieces with radular teeth.
26 Gastropod Feeding Habits l Some are carnivores, radula + chemicals to bore through the shells of other molluscs. l Snails in the genus Conus feed on fish, worms, and molluscs. l Highly modified radula used for prey capture. l They secrete a toxin that paralyzes their prey. l Some are painful, even lethal, to humans.
27 Reproduction l Monoecious and dioecious species. l Young may emerge as veliger larvae or pass this stage inside the egg.
28 Internal Form and Function l Pulmonates lack gills. l Have a highly vascular area in mantle that serves as lung. l Lung opens to outside by small opening, the pneumostome. l Aquatic pulmonates surface to expel a gas bubble and inhale by curling, thus forming a siphon.
29 Internal Form and Function l Most have a single nephridium and welldeveloped circulatory and nervous systems. l Sense organs include eyes, statocysts, tactile organs, and chemoreceptors. l Eyes vary from simple cups holding photoreceptors to a complex eye with a lens and cornea
30 Major Groups of Gastropods l Pulmonata includes land and most freshwater snails and slugs. l Ancestral ctenidia have been lost and the vascularized mantle wall is now a lung. l Air fills lung by contraction of mantle floor. l Anus and nephridiopore open near the pneumostome. l Waste is forcibly expelled. l Monoecious
31 Class Bivalvia l Bivalved molluscs have two shells (valves). l Mussels, clams, oysters, scallops, shipworms. l Mostly sessile filter feeders. l No head or radula.
32 Class Bivalvia l Part of the mantle is modified to form incurrent and excurrent siphons. l Used to pump water through the organism for gas exchange and filter feeding. l Sometimes used for jet propulsion.
33 Class Bivalvia - Locomotion l Bivalves move around by extending the muscular foot between the shells. l Scallops swim by clapping their shells together to create jet propulsion.
34 Class Bivalvia l l l l l Like other molluscs, bivalves have a coelom and an open circulatory system. The mantle cavity of a bivalve contains gills that are used for feeding as well as gas exchange. Pair of kidneys is ventral and posterior to heart. Nervous system has three pairs of widely separated ganglia connected together. Sense organs are poorly developed.
35 Class Bivalvia - Feeding l l l l l Suspended organic matter enters incurrent siphon. Gland cells on gills and labial palps secrete mucus to entangle particles. Food in mucous masses slides to food grooves at lower edge of gills. Cilia and grooves on the labial palps direct the mucous mass into mouth. Some bivalves feed on deposits in sand.
36 Class Bivalvia - Reproduction l Bivalves usually have separate sexes. l Zygotes develop into trochophore, veliger, and spat (tiny bivalve) stages.
37 Class Bivalvia - Reproduction l In freshwater clams, fertilized eggs develop into glochidium larvae which is a specialized veliger. l Glochidia live as parasites on fish and then drop off to complete their development.
38 Glochidium Larvae
39 Class Cephalopoda l Cephalopods include octopuses, squid, nautiluses and cuttlefish. l Marine carnivores with beak-like jaws surrounded by tentacles of their modified foot. l Modified foot is a funnel for expelling water from the mantle cavity.
40 Class Cephalopoda - Shells l Shells of Nautilus and early nautiloid and ammonoid cephalopods were made buoyant by a series of gas chambers.
41 Class Cephalopoda - Shells l Cuttlefishes have a small curved shell, completely enclosed by the mantle.
42 Class Cephalopoda - Shells l In squid, the shell has been reduced to a small strip called the pen, which is enclosed in the mantle.
43 Class Cephalopoda l Cephalopods have a closed circulatory system. l Nervous and sensory systems are more elaborate in cephalopods than in other molluscs. l The brain is the largest of any invertebrate.
44 Class Cephalopoda l Most cephalopods have complex eyes with cornea, lens, chambers, and retina.
45 Class Cephalopoda Communication l Visual signals allow cephalopods to communicate. l Movement of body and arms l Color changes effected by chromatophores (cells in the skin containing pigment granules). l Chromatophores can change shape alternately dispersing and concentrating pigment.
46
47
48 Class Cephalopoda - Reproduction l Sexes are separate in cephalopods. l Juveniles hatch directly from eggs no freeswimming larvae. l One arm of male is modified as an intromittent organ, the hectocotylus. l Removes a spermatophore from mantle cavity and inserts it into female.
Molluscs. Chapter 16
Molluscs Chapter 16 Phylum Mollusca Phylum Mollusca includes snails and slugs, oysters and clams, and octopuses and squids. Phylum Mollusca Molluscs have a mesoderm lined body cavity a coelom. They are
More informationBivalved molluscs filter feeders
Class Bivalvia Bivalved molluscs have two shells (valves). Mussels, clams, oysters, scallops, shipworms. Mostly sessile filter feeders. No head or radula. Class Bivalvia Part of the mantle is modified
More informationPhylum Mollusca. Includes snails and slugs, oysters and clams, and octopuses and squids.
Mollusks Phylum Mollusca Includes snails and slugs, oysters and clams, and octopuses and squids. Bivalves Nautilus Characteristics Soft-bodied invertebrate Covered with protective mantle that may or may
More informationMollusks Are Soft and Unsegmented
Mollusks Objectives Understand the taxonomic relationships and major features of mollusks Learn the external and internal anatomy of the clam and squid Understand the major advantages and limitations of
More informationMolluscs. General Introduction. Phylum Mollusca 4/25/2018. Chapter 16. Ancient successful and diverse phylum
Molluscs Chapter 16 General Introduction Ancient successful and diverse phylum Second largest animal phylum About 50,000 extant species 35,000 fossil species 7 classes Phylum Mollusca Phylum Mollusca includes
More informationMollusks- soft bodied
Mollusks- soft bodied Objectives Understand the taxonomic relationships and major features of mollusks Learn the external and internal anatomy of the clam and squid Understand the major advantages and
More information`Mollusks. may or may not form a hard, calcium carbonate shell. Trochophore Larva
`Mollusks Phylum Mollusca Soft-bodied invertebrate covered with protective mantle that may or may not form a hard, calcium carbonate shell Includes chitons, snails, slugs, clams, oysters, squid, octopus,
More information27-4 Mollusks. Slide 1 of 43. End Show. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
1 of 43 What Is a Mollusk? What Is a Mollusk? Mollusks are soft-bodied animals that usually have an internal or external shell. Mollusks include snails, slugs, clams, squids, octopi... They are group together
More informationI. Evolutionary Perspective. Chapter 12. II. Molluscan Characteristics. A. Regions of Molluscan Body 11/2/10
I. Evolutionary Perspective Chapter 12 Molluscan Success Some of the world s best predators Large brains Complex sensory structures Rapid locomotion Grasping tentacles Tearing mouthparts Have been around
More informationProtostomes vs Deuterostomes. Phylum Mollusca
Protostomes vs Deuterostomes Animals that have a true coelom and complete digestive system can be divided into two main groups. This division is based on the way their embryos develop and the way in which
More informationMollusks are soft bodied animals that have an internal or external shell, a similar body plan consisting of four basic parts: a foot, mantle, shell,
Mollusca Mollusks are soft bodied animals that have an internal or external shell, a similar body plan consisting of four basic parts: a foot, mantle, shell, and visceral mass. Mollusks also possess a
More informationMollusks Soft-bodied Invertebrates
Mollusks Soft-bodied Invertebrates Phylum Mollusca Very diverse - more species of molluscs than any other group in the ocean. Phylum includes: Bivalves (2 shells); ex. Clam Gastropods (1 shell, coiled);
More informationKingdom Animalia Subkingdom Eumetazoa Bilateria Phylum Mollusca
Kingdom Animalia Subkingdom Eumetazoa Bilateria Phylum Mollusca Professor Andrea Garrison Biology 3A Illustrations 2014 Cengage Learning unless otherwise noted Phylum Mollusca Molluscs (mollis = soft)
More informationBiology. Slide 1 of 43. End Show. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Biology 1 of 43 2 of 43 What Is a Mollusk? What are the defining features of mollusks? 3 of 43 What Is a Mollusk? What Is a Mollusk? Mollusks are soft-bodied animals that usually have an internal or external
More informationName Date Period. Mollusk Review TORSION HEMOLYMPH SESSILE TROCHOPHORE ADDUCTOR KIDNEY HEMOCOEL MANTLE CHROMATOPHORES VISCERAL MASS
Name Date Period Mollusk Review MOLLUSK VOCABULARY: Match the word with its definition. TORSION HEMOLYMPH SESSILE TROCHOPHORE ADDUCTOR KIDNEY HEMOCOEL MANTLE CHROMATOPHORES VISCERAL MASS Free-swimming
More informationChapter 35. Table of Contents. Section 1 Mollusca. Section 2 Annelida. Mollusks and Annelids
Mollusks and Annelids Table of Contents Section 1 Mollusca Section 2 Annelida Section 1 Mollusca Objectives Describe the key characteristics of mollusks. Describe the body plan of mollusks. Name the characteristics
More informationChapter 10: Mollusca
Chapter 10: Mollusca Latin: soft 90,000 living spp. 70,000 fossil spp. marine fresh water terrestrial chitons snails nudibranchs clams oysters nautiluses tusk shells slugs sea butterflies mussels squids/cuttlefish
More informationTitle: May 31 2:42 PM (1 of 23) Phylum Mollusca
Title: May 31 2:42 PM (1 of 23) Phylum Mollusca Title: May 31 3:25 PM (2 of 23) often referred to as mollusks second largest phylum has 7 classes only looking at 4 bilateral symmetry, true body cavity
More informationPhylum Mollusca. Soft-bodied animals. Internal or external shell. Include snails, slugs, clams, squids and octopi
Phylum Mollusca Soft-bodied animals Internal or external shell Include snails, slugs, clams, squids and octopi Trochophore: free-swimming larval stage of an aquatic mollusk True coeloms Have complex organ
More informationPhylum Molluska.
Phylum Molluska www.onacd.ca 3 Main Classes of Mollusks GASTROPODA : includes limpets, snails, slugs and whelks BIVALVIA: includes clams, oysters, muscles, scallops and shipworms CEPHALOPODA: includes
More informationPhylum Mollusca Classes
Lecture Mollusks Phylum Mollusca Classes Aculifera with spicules Aplacophora - mollusks without shells Polyplacophora ( Amphineura) chiton, eight plates, intertidal Conchifera with shells Monoplacophora
More informationFigure 32.8 Animal phylogeny based on sequencing of SSU-rRNA
Figure 32.8 Animal phylogeny based on sequencing of SSU-rRNA Polychaetes Representative Annelids Oligochaetes Marine worms Hirudineans Terrestrial & aquatic Leeches - Aquatic & terrestrial Annelid Circulatory,
More informationKingdom: Animalia Phylum:Mollusca Classes: Bivalva, Gastropoda, Cephalopoda http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0a7j5prl8hc&feature=related http://www2.beavercreek.k12.oh.us/videos/45/pgr45_700k.asf What is
More informationPhylum Mollusca (soft bodied)
Phylum Mollusca (soft bodied) Most described species in the animal kingdom next to Phylum Arthropoda ~100,000 species... Marine, freshwater and terrestrial. 35,000 fossil species. Most diverse group of
More informationUnit 18.2: Mollusks and Annelids
Unit 18.2: Mollusks and Annelids Lesson Objectives Describe invertebrates in the phylum Mollusca. Summarize the characteristics of annelids. Vocabulary Annelida deposit feeder gills heart mantle Mollusca
More informationPhylum Mollusca. More than 500,000 known species. Class Polyplacophora. Class Bivalvia. Class Gastropoda. Class Cephalopoda
Phylum Mollusca Class Polyplacophora Class Gastropoda Class Bivalvia Class Cephalopoda chitons Snails Sea slugs nudibranchs clams Squid Octopus Cuttlefish Nautilus More than 500,000 known species A bag,
More informationHenry Guan, Akash Kashyap, and Angus Qian
Henry Guan, Akash Kashyap, and Angus Qian http://peterbe.mobi/plog/interior-octopus/octopus.jpg Akash Kashyap Overview 85, 000 species Marine, Terrestrial, Freshwater habitats Very Diverse Classes: Chitons,
More informationChapter 7. Marine Animals Without a Backbone
Chapter 7 Marine Animals Without a Backbone Molluscs Characteristics of Phylum: More than 200,000 species Name means "soft body" Basic body plan head, muscular foot and visceral mass in most species Mantle-
More informationChapter 16. Molluscs. Characteristics. Mollusc Diversity
Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Chapter 16 Molluscs Characteristics They contain nearly 50,000 living species and 35,000 fossil species. They
More informationChapter 28 Mollusks & Annelids. BIOLOGY II Miss. Loulousis
Chapter 28 Mollusks & Annelids BIOLOGY II Miss. Loulousis Mollusks have a true coelom Snails, slugs, oysters, clams, scallops, octopuses, and squids are all mollusks Annelid earthworm next section Mollusks
More informationMollusks and Annelids. Chapter 23+
Mollusks and Annelids Chapter 23+ 1 Annelids and Mollusks Coelomates Trochophore larvae Bilateral symmetry More complex organ systems 2 Moving On Up 3 Coelom Coelomates Evolutionary milestone True body
More informationClass Polychaeta: Marine Worms
Class Polychaeta: Marine Worms Animal Phyla Phylum Mollusca (Snails, Clams, Octopods and Allies): Radula: rasping tongue Shell: 3 layers, mostly calcium carbonate Inner-most = nacre = mother of pearl Mantle:
More informationPhylum: Porifera (sponges)
Phylum: Porifera (sponges) (8,761 known species) General Description: Simplest animals, multicellular No organs or body systems Skeleton composed of spongin (soft) and spicules (hard) Symmetry: Asymmetrical
More informationHave You Wondered? College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University
Have You Wondered? 1. What role sponges play in marine ecosystems? 2. Why some animals are radially symmetrical? 3. If all gelatinous animals are jellyfishes? 4. What flatworms are? 5. What a lophophorate
More informationPhylum Mollusca. Introduction: Uses and economic value: Problems with mollusks: Intro. Cont. More Intro. Material
Introduction: Phylum Mollusca ~ 110,000 known species Named for the Latin word Molluscus meaning soft of body. Most are marine, but they can be both aquatic or terrestrial. Live in all areas: arctic to
More informationMollusks and Annelids
Mollusks and Annelids Bởi: OpenStaxCollege The mollusks are a diverse group (85,000 described species) of mostly marine species. They have a variety of forms, ranging from large predatory squid and octopus,
More informationMollusks. Section 25.3
Section 25.3 Objectives Evaluate the importance of the coelom to mollusks. Interpret the function of the mantle and its adaptive advantage to mollusks. Analyze the importance of mucus and the muscular
More informationMollusca: Class Cephalopoda. Lecture 11
Mollusca: Class Cephalopoda Lecture 11 Cephalophod Characteristics Characteristics of class All marine Most 6-70 cm up to 20m Architeuthis Shell divided by septa, chambers connected by siphuncle Closed
More informationMollusca. BIO2135 Animal Form & Function. Page 1. Phylum Mollusca. Lophotrochozoa. Trochozoans. BIO2135 Animal Form and Function 1 10:29 AM
Phylum Mollusca 1 10:29 AM Lophotrochozoa Either presence of a U shaped gut and lophophore or Trochophore larval stage Porifera Placozoa Cnidaria Ctenophora Platyhelminthes Gastrotricha Gnathostomulida
More information2 Mollusks and Annelid Worms
CHAPTER 15 2 Mollusks and Annelid Worms SECTION Invertebrates BEFORE YOU READ After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions: What are the four features of mollusks? What are
More informationWhat Is an Annelid? Annelids are worms with segmented bodies. They have a true coelom that is lined with tissue derived from mesoderm.
What Is an Annelid? What Is an Annelid? Phylum: Annelidae Annelids are worms with segmented bodies. They have a true coelom that is lined with tissue derived from mesoderm. Three Germ Layers of an Annelid
More informationClam Dissection. Introduction. Taxonomy
Introduction The phylum Mollusca includes snails, clams, chitons, slugs, limpets, octopi, and squid. As mollusks develop from a fertilized egg to an adult, most pass through a larval stage called the trocophore.
More informationPhylum Platyhelminthes Phylum Nematoda Phylum Mollusca. By: Jerzylin, Beata & Jennifer
Phylum Platyhelminthes Phylum Nematoda Phylum Mollusca By: Jerzylin, Beata & Jennifer Phylum Platyhelminthes Common Characteristics: Triploblastic Bilateral Symmetry Protostome No true stomach structure
More informationPhylum Mollusca. By: Christa Jewett, Instructor
Phylum Mollusca By: Christa Jewett, Instructor For since the creation of the world God s invisible qualities His eternal power and divine nature have been clearly seen, being understood from what has been
More informationMollusc Adaptation and Diversity
Mollusc Adaptation and Diversity Grade Level: grades 9-12 Lesson Summary: Students will examine a variety of live and preserved molluscs. They will compare and contrast body forms and try to relate the
More informationBivalves: Mollusks that Matter
Objective Bivalves: Mollusks that Matter Version 6/05 Students will understand the anatomy and physiology of mussels, and understand why they may pose health risks to humans. National Science Education
More informationSpiny skinned animals with radial symmetrical body plan. Rays emanating from a common center. Internal skeleton of hardened plates of calcium
Echinodermata Spiny skinned animals with radial symmetrical body plan. Rays emanating from a common center. Internal skeleton of hardened plates of calcium carbonate. Water vascular system and tube feet
More informationZOO 2040 Biology of Animals Topic 8. Molluscs
Phylum Mollusca Second-largest phylum: 50,000-110,000 living species, over 35,000 fossil species. Extremely variable in:! Size (80% are 1000 kg)! Morphology (snails/slugs,
More informationWhat is an animal? 10/22/17. Bio 242 Laboratory Module 2
Bio 242 Laboratory Module 2 Theme: Evolution shapes the flow and pattern of information through phylogenetic lineages, evident in the linkage between form and function Objectives -we will track the effects
More informationscallops Zebra Mussel ctenidium
7650 species Mostly marine About one thousand species live in fresh water clams scallops Zebra Mussel mussels oysters Zebras on native clams (Unionidae) ctenidium Right valve umbo Adductor muscle Best
More information27/12/2012. Learning Outcome G4
Learning Outcome G4 Learning Outcome G4 Analyse the increasing complexity of the Phylum Mollusca, the Phylum Echinodermata, and the Phylum Arthropoda Phylum Mollusca, Echinodermata & Arthropoda Students
More informationThey climb trees in tropical rain forests and float over coral
27 4 Mollusks They climb trees in tropical rain forests and float over coral reefs. They crawl into garbage cans, eat their way through farm crops, and speed through the deep ocean. Some are so small that
More informationChapter 6 SPONGES. Invertebrates. Sponges. Pore-Bearers. Movement of Water
Invertebrates Chapter 6 Animals Without Backbones Animals that lack a backbone are called invertebrates. It is estimated that 97% of all species of animals are invertebrates. With the exception of insects,
More informationMollusks and Annelids *
OpenStax-CNX module: m45526 1 Mollusks and Annelids * OpenStax This work is produced by OpenStax-CNX and licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0 By the end of this section, you will
More informationPage # Feeding. Animal diversity 3 - The Protostomes (Annelida, Mollusca, Arthropoda) Diversity of Annelida. But first from last time
Animal diversity 3 - The Protostomes (Annelida, Mollusca, Arthropoda) Key concepts What are the distinguishing characters and life histories of the Annelida, Mollusca, Arthropoda? There are LOTS more species
More informationThe Education Program at the New Jersey Marine Sciences Consortium SEASHELL HOMES. Following completion of this lesson, students will be able to:
The Education Program at the New Jersey Marine Sciences Consortium njmsc.org SEASHELL HOMES OVERVIEW OBJECTIVES During this interdisciplinary lesson, students listen to a story about seashells, discuss
More informationCopyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. CHAPTER 17. Annelids 17-1
CHAPTER 17 Annelids 17-1 Characteristics of the Phylum Annelida Diversity Exhibit segmentation or metamerism Bodies composed of repeated units Each unit contains components of most MAJOR organ systems
More informationChapter 5 Marine Protozoans and Invertebrates
Chapter 5 Marine Protozoans and Invertebrates I. The Protozoans A. Kindgom Protista a catch-all category B. Characteristics 1. Mode of nutrition 2. Single-celled or multicellular? 3. Cell structure 4.
More informationand Echinoderms Mollusks, Arthropods, Chapter 3 3JZ JCJeEJ O Insects O Mollusks O Echinoderms Diversity and Adaptations Chapter Preview
Chapter Mollusks, Arthropods, and Echinoderms 3 3JZ JCJeEJ Diversity and Adaptations What are the key characteristics of mollusks, arthropods, and echinoderms? Chapter Preview O Mollusks Discover How Can
More informationShelled Animals. from the bottom of the oceans to 7000M above sea level
Shelled Animals some of the dominant organisms since the Cambrian explosion are those that secrete a protective shell these organisms generally have a good fossil record and some have changed little for
More informationEach unit contains components of most organ systems. Increased burrowing efficiency by permitting movement of segments
CHAPTER 17 Annelids Characteristics of the Phylum Annelida Diversity Exhibit segmentation or Bodies composed of units Each unit contains components of most organ systems Increased burrowing efficiency
More informationEchinoderms Name Means: Echino- Spiny Derm- Skin About 7,000 species No Head! No Brain! No ventral, dorsal, posterior, or anterior sides! Do have oral (mouth) and aboral sides. Symmetry: Larvae are
More informationANIMAL FORM AND FUNCTION CEPHALOPODS (PHYLUM MOLLUSCA)
ANIMAL FORM AND FUNCTION CEPHALOPODS (PHYLUM MOLLUSCA) As part of our continued exploration of the animal kingdom today we will perform a dissection of a squid, which is a member of the Class Cephalopoda
More informationA. Porifera (sponges): B. Cnidaria (jellies, hydra, sea anemones, and corals):
Invertebrates Notes A. Porifera (sponges): Porifera literally means. Most sponges are. They are that collect food particles from the water as they pass through flagellated cells called. These cells then
More informationADVANCED INVERTEBRATES HAVE COMPLEX BODIES AND INTERNAL SYSTEMS
ADVANCED INVERTEBRATES HAVE COMPLEX BODIES AND INTERNAL SYSTEMS Arthropoda Most successful phylum on Earth Exoskeleton chitin Striated muscle Articulation Crayfish, lobsters, shrimp, crabs Echinodermata
More informationRequirements for Animal Life. Phylum Bryozoa. Colonial Bryozoans. A lophophore is a structure used for:
Requirements for Animal Life Animal phylogeny based on sequencing of SSU-rRNA The demands of 3 unique environments Marine, freshwater, terrestrial Gas exchange Nutrition Distribution and transport Disposal
More informationGeneral Molluscan Characteristics
Phylum Mollusca General Molluscan Characteristics = mollis = soft Bilateral symmetry, secondarily assymetrcial => Soft bodied animals Coelomate and triploblastic Rich fossil record Next to arthropods,
More informationMarine Fishes. Chapter 8
Marine Fishes Chapter 8 Fish Gills The construction of the gill is the same in all fish gill arch supports the entire structure, gill rakers are on the forward surface of the gill arch and gill filaments
More informationSymmetry. Asymmetrical- no shape. Radial- same in half when cut any angle. Bilateral- having a distinct right and left side
Symmetry Asymmetrical- no shape Radial- same in half when cut any angle Bilateral- having a distinct right and left side Invertebrates 95% of Animals No Backbone The simplest animals and they do not have
More informationZOOLOGY SEGMENTED WORMS (Phylum Annelida)
ZOOLOGY SEGMENTED WORMS (Phylum Annelida) I. Compared and Contrasted to Phylum Mollusca. A. They are like the molluscs in that they 1. are eucoelomate animals. 2. have specialized sense organs. 3. have
More informationWhat is an animal? Introduction to Animals 2. Phylum Mollusca. Phylum Mollusca 4/20/2016
What is an animal? Introduction to Animals 2 Multicellular chemoorganoheterotrophs Eukaryotes that lack cell walls and chloroplasts Have mitochondria Are motile at some point in their lives Snails, Octopus,
More informationCh17_Animals. Animals Multicellular eukaryotes. What is an animal? Animal development. Main differences with plants Main differences with fungi
Animals Multicellular eukaryotes Domain Domain Kingdoms Main differences with plants Main differences with fungi What is an animal? Domain Nutritional mode: Heterotrophic (Ingestive) Level of organization:
More informationBasic mollusc body plan
Phylum Mollusca Phylum Mollusca 3 embryonic germ layers true coelom complete gut second largest phylum of animals, around 100,000 species mainly aquatic, but some terrestrial species Basic mollusc body
More informationCHAPTER 22. Echinoderms 22-1
CHAPTER 22 Echinoderms 22-1 Phylum Echinodermata: Diversity and Characteristics Characteristics All members have a calcareous skeleton Spiny endoskeleton consists of plates Unique water-vascular system
More informationANIMAL KINGDOM: PHYLUM MOLLUSCA
ANIMAL KINGDOM: PHYLUM MOLLUSCA Latin: molluscus - soft Materials: A live snail and snail specimen A set of pictures, labels, and definitions illustrating the external parts of the mollusk A booklet of
More informationTopic The external and internal anatomy of a clam is typical of bivalves.
Clam Dissection Topic The external and internal anatomy of a clam is typical of bivalves. Introduction Mollusks are some of the most common marine invertebrates. All mollusks have several characteristic
More informationChapter 28 Arthropods and Echinoderms. Body Terms. Evolution has led to:
Chapter 28 Arthropods and Echinoderms Introduction to Arthropods jointed feet Most diverse and successful animals Over 750,000 species identified Segmented bodies Tough exoskeleton Jointed appendages Body
More informationMolluscs: Gastropod Middle School Student Edition Lab Activity: The Gastropods
SNIPS AND SNAILS AND GASTROPOD TAILS Molluscs are a clan of closely related animals that includes snails and slugs, clams and oysters, and even squid and octopi. The name comes from the Latin mollus, meaning
More informationCh17_Animals. Animals Multicellular eukaryotes. What is an animal? Animal development. Main differences with plants Main differences with fungi
Animals Multicellular eukaryotes Domain Domain Kingdoms Main differences with plants Main differences with fungi What is an animal? Domain Nutritional mode: Heterotrophic (Ingestive) Level of organization:
More informationCephalopods Nautilus, Cuttlefish, Octopus, Squid
Cephalopods Nautilus, Cuttlefish, Octopus, Squid Cephalopod Class They have three (3) hearts cephalo = head pod = foot CHARACTERISTICS Organs two pump blood to the gills and the other pumps blood to the
More informationWhat is an animal? Heterotrophs Multicellular Eukaryotic Cells No Cell Walls Bodies contain tissues : Epithelial Muscular Connective Nervous
Animals What is an animal? Heterotrophs Multicellular Eukaryotic Cells No Cell Walls Bodies contain tissues : Epithelial Muscular Connective Nervous Epithelial Cover body surfaces: skin, lining of lungs
More informationThe Animal Kingdom. Animal Kingdom. Characteristics of All Animals. Major Characteristics Used To Classify Animals
The Animal Kingdom Animal Kingdom Phylums: 1. Sponges 2. Cnidaria Jelly Fish, Hydra 3. Flatworms Flukes, Tapeworms 4. Roundworms- Hookworms 5. Segmented Worms- Earthworms 6. Rotifera- Rotifers 7. Mullusca
More informationEchinoderms. Phylum Echinodermata
Echinoderms Phylum Echinodermata spiny skinned or hedgehog skin sea stars (starfish), sea urchins, sea cucumbers 6000 species radial symmetry in 2 o development bilateral symmetry in larva http://www.biologyreference.com/dn-ep/echinoderm.html
More information1. Animals are (diploid) with tissues arranged into organs and organ systems. 3. Animals require for aerobic respiration.
Chapter 25 Animals: The Invertebrates I. Overview of the Animal Kingdom A. General Characteristics of Animals 1. Animals are (diploid) with tissues arranged into organs and organ systems. 2. Animals are.
More informationAnimal Evolution: Chordate and Vertebrate Evolution and Diversity (Learning Outline)
Animal Evolution: Chordate and Vertebrate Evolution and Diversity (Learning Outline) 1. Distinguishing features of the phylum Chordata and representative organisms. 2. Highlights of evolutionary steps
More informationTim Laman Photography. Have You Wondered?
Tim Laman Photography Have You Wondered? 1. If any snails are venomous? (9-1) 2. How octopus and squid change colors? (9-1) 3. If there is such a thing as a carnivorous worm? (9-2) 4. Why crabs and other
More informationKingdom Animalia. Eukaryotic Multicellular Heterotrophs Lack Cell Walls
Kingdom Animalia Eukaryotic Multicellular Heterotrophs Lack Cell Walls Must do: Feed, Respiration, Circulation, Excretion, Response, Movement, and Reproduction Symmetry Asymmetrical- no shape Radial- same
More informationChapter 29 Echinoderms and Invertebrate Chordates. Section Echinoderms. I. What Is An Echinoderm? 11/1/2010. Biology II Mrs.
Chapter 29 Echinoderms and Invertebrate Chordates Section 29.1 - Echinoderms Biology II Mrs. Michaelsen I. What Is An Echinoderm? A. Move by means of hydraulic, suction cuptipped appendages. B. Skin covered
More informationWhat do animals do to survive?
What do animals do to survive? Section 26-1 All Animals have are carry out Eukaryotic cells with Heterotrophs Essential functions such as No cell walls Feeding Respiration Circulation Excretion Response
More informationBiology 11 - Chapter 31 Assignment
Name: Class: Date: Biology 11 - Chapter 31 Assignment True/False Indicate whether the statement is true or false. 1. Echinoderms exhibit their invertebrate heritage by their hard exoskeletons made of calcium
More informationEdible, and. Coral Reefs! Photo: CEDixon
Spreadable, Edible, and Incredible Coral Reefs! Carrie Dixon Discovery Hall Programs Dauphin Island Sea Lab, AL Photo: CEDixon National Science Content Standards Life Science Content Standard, Grades K-4:
More informationChapter Outline CHAPTER 30 THE PROTOSTOMES
CHAPTER 30 THE PROTOSTOMES Chapter Outline 30.1 A Coelom A. Protostome Organization 1. Protostomes are bilaterally symmetrical, have three germ layers, the organ level of organization, the tube-within-a-tube
More informationLife Lecture Notes Chapter 13 Mollusca unsegmented bodied critters Valve mantle ii. Bilateral symmetry Gills foot Radula Visceral mass
Life Lecture Notes Chapter 13 I. Phylum Mollusca a. General Characteristics i. Soft unsegmented bodied critters often covered by a shell called a Valve which is produced by the mantle. ii. Bilateral symmetry
More informationChapter 23: The Animal Kingdom
Chapter 23: The Animal Kingdom Lecture Outline Enger, E. D., Ross, F. C., & Bailey, D. B. (2012). Concepts in biology (14th ed.). New York: McGraw- Hill. 1 23-1 What is an animal? 23-2 Eukaryotic Multicellular
More informationThe Animals: Kingdom Animalia
The Animals: Kingdom Animalia Kingdom Animalia (Animals) What is an Animal? Zoology- The study of Animals General Characteristics of 1. Animals are multicellular and eukaryotic. Animals 2. Animals consume
More informationPhylum Platyhelminthes. You will need: five colours of pencil crayon or pen (preferably blue, green, red, orange and purple)
Phylum Platyhelminthes You will need: five colours of pencil crayon or pen (preferably blue, green, red, orange and purple) Phylum Platyhelminthes bilaterally symmetrical have all 3 embryonic germ layers:
More informationClassification. Phylum Chordata
AP Biology Chapter 23 Exercise #17: Chordates: Urochordata & Cephalochordata Lab Guide Chordates show remarkable diversity. Most are vertebrates. All animals that belong to this phylum MUST, at some point
More informationBody Plan of the Chordates. Notochord, dorsal hollow nerve cord, pharyngeal gill slits, blocks of muscle, post-anal tail
Chordata The Major Groups Invertebrate Chordates Fishes Class: Agnatha Class Condrichthyes Class Osteichthyes Class: Amphibia Class: Reptilia Class: Aves Class: Mammalia Body Plan of the Chordates Notochord,
More informationPHYLUM: PLATHYHELMINTHES
PHYLUM: PLATHYHELMINTHES FLATWORMS Free living (living independently i.e. not attached) Bilaterally symmetrical with a definite front and back, and with left and right sides. Mobile creeping animals. Concentration
More informationChapter 12 Part 2. The Worms Platyhelminthes, Nematoda & Annelida
Chapter 12 Part 2 The Worms Platyhelminthes, Nematoda & Annelida Phylum: Platyhelminthes Examples: Flatworms, Planaria sp., tapeworms and blood flukes Acoelomate, Invertebrate, Simplest critter w/ bilateral
More information