Fish Passage Studies I: Sea Lamprey Behaviour During Negotaiton of Technical and Nature-Like Fish Passes

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1 University of Massachusetts - Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst International Conference on Engineering and Ecohydrology for Fish Passage International Conference on Engineering and Ecohydrology for Fish Passage 2016 Jun 21st, 1:30 PM - 1:45 PM Fish Passage Studies I: Sea Lamprey Behaviour During Negotaiton of Technical and Nature-Like Fish Passes P. R. Almeida Universidade de Evora R. Oliveira Universidade de Evora C. S. Mateus Universidade de Evora C. M. Alexandre Universidade de Evora A. F. Belo Universidade de Evora See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: Almeida, P. R.; Oliveira, R.; Mateus, C. S.; Alexandre, C. M.; Belo, A. F.; Pereira, E.; Telhado, A.; Quadrado, M. F.; and Quintella, B. R., "Fish Passage Studies I: Sea Lamprey Behaviour During Negotaiton of Technical and Nature-Like Fish Passes" (2016). International Conference on Engineering and Ecohydrology for Fish Passage This Event is brought to you for free and open access by the The Fish Passage Community at UMass Amherst at ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in International Conference on Engineering and Ecohydrology for Fish Passage by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact scholarworks@library.umass.edu.

2 Presenter Information P. R. Almeida, R. Oliveira, C. S. Mateus, C. M. Alexandre, A. F. Belo, E. Pereira, A. Telhado, M. F. Quadrado, and B. R. Quintella This event is available at Amherst:

3 Sea lamprey behaviour during negotiation of technical and nature like fish passes P.R. Almeida, R. Oliveira, C.S. Mateus, C.M. Alexandre, A.F. Belo, E. Pereira, A. Telhado, M.F. Quadrado, B.R. Quintella

4 Study site: River Mondego (Central Portugal) 234 km, 6645 km 2, mean river discharge 88 m 3 /s Available habitat for anadromous fish: ca. 95 km (66 km freshwater) 6 fish passes: ( )2 vertical slot + ( ) 4 nature like fish ramps

5 Vertical slots fish pass Açude Ponte dam (Coimbra) 6.2 m height; 45 km from the river mouth Fish pass characteristics Length 125m Nº pools 23 Pool dim. 4.5x3.0m Pool depth 2.0m Flow discharge 2.0 m 3 s 1 Attraction flow 2.0 m 3 s 1 Water velocity (slots) ca. 1.5ms 1 Dissipated power <150 W/m 3

6 Palheiros weir (77 m 3 /s, Mar2016) Palheiros weir (low flow condition / Sep2015) Fish pass characteristics Length 20,4 m Width 10 m Average slope 7% Nr. stone blocks rows 10 Dist. between rows 1.4 m Dist. between blocks 1.4 m Water depth m Flow discharge Variable Attraction flow Variable Water velocity (slots) < 2.0 ms 1

7 Palheiros weir fish pass (construction final phase)

8 15th March m 3 /s

9 Mean daily flow (m3/s) 01/01/ /01/ /01/ /02/ /03/ /03/ /04/ /04/ /05/ /05/ /05/ /01/ /01/ /02/ /02/ /03/ /03/ /04/ /04/ /05/ /05/2016 Temperature ( o C) Mean daily flow and temperature (Jan May 2015 and 2016) Mean daily flow Water temperature January February March April May January February March April May Date

10 cemg Telemetry #9 sea lampreys tagged with cemg R11 18 transmitters (Lotek). The cemg transmitters were surgically implanted according to Quintella et al. (2009). Release in the 2 nd pool of the fish pass at the Coimbra Açude Ponte dam. cemg values were standardized (each individual record was divided by the EMG rest value). Surgery Electrodes placement Transmitter implantation

11 RADIO TELEMETRY #20 sea lampreys tagged with F2020 radio transmitters (ATS) were released downstream from the Açude Ponte dam (Coimbra) Feb Mar 2013 # 26 sea lampreys tagged with F2020 radio transmitters (ATS) were released downstream from the Palheiros weir (# 10 24Feb2016; #16 7Apr2016) Location was manually detected on a weekly basis until July (2013), and every 2 3 days until July (2016).

12 Electromyogram telemetry (EMG) proved to be a good method to assess swimming behaviour of upriver migrating sea lamprey Quintella et al. (2009) Journal of Applied Ichthyology 25: Rapid flow stretches (BW): rifles with complex turbulent flow ( m s 1 ) Slow flow stretches (FS): 1000 m run type reaches (< 0.5 m s 1 ) Swimming effort 2 1,5 1 0,5 BW BW BW BW BW BW BW BW BW BW FS FS FS FS FS FS FS FS FS FS 0 21:00 21:30 22:00 22:30 23:00 23:30 0:00 0:30 1:00 1:30 2:00 2:30 3:00 3:30 4:00 4:30 BW = Blockstone Weir Time (hh:mm) FS = Free Stretch sea lamprey Lp13 ; L t = 0.89 m; W t = 1.5 kg; TDM = 12.6 km

13 Behaviour of sea lampreys during negotiation of the vertical slots fish pass at the Coimbra Açude Ponte dam

14 Downstream of Açude Ponte dam (Coimbra) Downstream of Palheiros weir Proportion N=3 Activity: 94% Rest C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 Proportion N=3 Activity: 41% Rest C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 Swimming Effort (cemg Classes) Swimming Effort (cemg Classes)

15 Proportion Entrance of Palheiros fish ramp Rest C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 Swimming Effort (cemg Classes) N=3 Activity: 58%

16 Negotiation of Coimbra Açude Ponte dam fish pass Negotiation of Palheiros fish ramp Proportion N=6 Activity: 71% Rest C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 Proportion N=3 Activity: 46% Rest C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 Swimming Effort (cemg Classes) Swimming Effort (cemg Classes)

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18 Radio telemetry results 33% of the sea lampreys successfully negotiated the Coimbra Açude Ponte dam (10 22 days) Observations (N) Released Stopped Reached dam Successful negotiation

19 Radio telemetry results 42% of the sea lampreys succefully negotiated Palheiros weir (24h 26 days) Observations (N)

20 Some sea lampreys turned back after reaching the upstream end of the Palheiros weir fish pass. It is the less demanding stretch of the fish pass; This behaviour was also observed in the technical fish pass at Coimbra Açude Ponte dam.

21 Final remarks Sea lampreys present a much higher level of activity trying to negotiate the Coimbra Açude Ponte dam (94%), comparatively to what happens in the Palheiros weir ( 47%); The swimming effort during the negotiation of the nature like fish pass (46%) is lower when compared to the negotiation of the technical fish pass (71%); Sea lampreys successfully negotiated the technical fish pass (33%) and of the nature like fish pass (42%); Sea lamprey seemed to get suspicious when water velocity is reduced inside fish passes.

22 THANK YOU! Acknowledgements: