Confederated Tribes of the Warm Springs Reservation

Transcription

1 Confederated Tribes of the Warm Springs Reservation PACIFIC LAMPREY STUDIES Cyndi Baker Jen Graham Joel Santos Matt Fox

2 Lamprey Program History 1997: Member of lamprey working group 2002: First lamprey project -- BPA Larval distribution & habitat association, adult escapement at Sherars Falls 2004: USFWS Tribal Wildlife Grant Adult lamprey studies in lower Deschutes Basin 2006: Portland General Electric Capture efficiency, potential ammocoete abundance upstream of Pelton- Round Butte Hydro Complex 2009: Columbia River Accords BPA Deschutes R., Fifteenmile Ck, Hood R. and Willamette R.

3 Bonneville Dam RKM 235 The Dalles Dam RKM 307 Mouth Deschutes River RKM 330 Mouth Warm Springs R. RKM 135 Mouth Shitike Creek RKM 155 Pelton Re-regulating Dam RKM 161

4 Ammocoete Distribution Present Badger Creek Beaver Creek Deschutes River Shitike Creek Warm Springs River White River Absent Bakeoven Creek Beaver-Butte Creek Boulder Creek Buckhollow Creek Indian Creek Mill Creek Noisy Creek North Boulder Creek South Boulder Creek South Fork Warm Springs River Trout Creek Wilson Creek On-reservation distribution repeated in 2008

5 Ammocoete Habitat Associations CTWSR Logistic regression (habitat association with ammocoete presence, p-values <0.001 except canopy) Presence of woody debris Depositional area/fine substrate Low velocity (mean 0.18 cm/s) Shallow water (27cm, sd 12cm) Canopy cover (p=0.039) Ceder Ck. WA (Stone & Barndt 2005) Preference curves 70cm water depth velocity -10 to 10cm/s Fine substrate (sandy and silty) Multiple regression Reach scale + conductivity (r 2 =0.21) -gradient/+d.o. (r 2 =0.33) Subreach + % fines (r 2 =0.28)

6 Lamprey Escapement Sherars Falls 12, ,000 10, ,000 LAM Sherars Falls 8,000 6,000 4,000 80,000 60,000 40,000 LAM Bonneville 2,000 20, Shears Falls Bonneville

7 Adult lamprey studies Pacific lamprey in lower Deschutes R : Over-winter locations Spawning areas Timing and patterns of migration in the lower Deschutes River Redd surveys in Shitike and Beaver Creeks Physical characteristics of lamprey redds Timing of redd construction

8 Movement Patterns : 60 tag detections at fixed site antennae, representing 31 fish Most frequently detected June-Sept. Crepuscular behavior detections mostly at night Average migration rates of lamprey in fall (nonparametric multiplicative regression) moderately correlated with daily average water temperature and one-day change in discharge (xr 2 =0.29)

9 Overwinter and Spawning Locations Fall : overwinter locations of 35 of the 52 live, radio-tagged Pacific lampreys 74% (26) were in the Deschutes River 20% (7) were in the Warm Springs River only one lamprey in each was found in Beaver and Shitike Creeks Spring 2006 through 2009: spawning locations of 49 of the 52 live, radio-tagged Pacific lampreys Deschutes River (n=31) Shitike Creek (n=3), Warm Springs River (n=13) and Beaver Creek (n=2)

10 Re-Introduction above LBC Round Butte Dam was constructed in 1964 Severed fish passage Modifications to dam completed 2009 Pass anadromous fishes downstream of LBC If they enter SWW Passage capability of Pacific lamprey through SWW? If yes, re-introduction? If no, mitigation?

11 Fish Passage at Pelton-Round Butte Flow diagram showing the relationships between possible implementation paths for the Pacific Lamprey Passage Evaluation and Mitigation Plan

12 Assess Habitat - Ammocoetes Determine capture efficiency (CE) for the AbP-2 electrofisher for capturing larval lamprey in various water and habitat conditions (CE Model) Develop a model that relates ammocoete abundance with habitat characteristics (Ammocoete Abundance Model, AAM) survey known ammocoete rearing areas in the lower Deschutes Basin use CE Model to adjust ammocoete catch to abundance Apply AAM upstream of the Project using water temperature and habitat data to determine extent of recolonization and predict potential ammocoete abundance

13 CE Model Converts ammocoete catch into abundance Standardize data for comparisons Spatially Temporally Controlled experiment in the field, May April 2008 Year-round sampling in WSR, Shitike, Beaver, Badger (n=174)

14 Methods 5 electroshocking passes in enclosures 10 May 2007 through 30 April 2008 Variables held constant pulse rate, voltage, person shocking/netting Vary by design substrate depths, lamprey densities, and shock duration Uncontrolled variables environmental variables and visibility

15 CE Model Result- Dr. Stevens, OSU Final model - logistic regression Set of 5 models (one for each e-fishing pass) Model variables: Ammocoete length Sediment depth Conductivity Wind speed (visibilty surface ripples) Visibility (high, medium, low) Must use 0.75m 2 boundary for electrofishing

16 Pass 1 Logistic Regression Models y = β β β β β β Pass 2 y = β β β β β β Pass 3 y = β β β β Pass 4 y = β β β β Pass 5 y = β β β β

17 What do you do with this?! y = log odds ration of an individual ammocoete for each electrofishing pass To convert log odds ration, y, to capture probability (CP): CP(y) = exp(y) / (1 + exp(y)), where CP is between 0 and 1 Yeah, that clarifies it.

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19 Model Evaluation Observed vs. predicted capture efficiency Predicted Efficiency Observed with 95% CI versus Predicted Observed Efficiency, Pass 3

20 Ammocoete Abundance Model Badger - 3 reaches Beaver 3 reaches Shitike - 3 reaches Warm Springs 3 reaches Samples collected from April through October, 2009

21 Ammocoete Model Variables Response Ammocoete catch (length) Variables to convert catch to abundance Sediment depth Visibility Wind speed Conductivity Environmental Water depth Sediment type (categorical sand or silt/organic matter) Water temperature Water velocity Others (dominant veg., % canopy cover, habitat type, ph, DO)

22 AAM Results Adjusted r 2 for Shitike Creek (n=44) = 48.6% Water temperature ( o C), sand dominant substrate (y=1,n=0) Log 10 Ammo Abundance = Wtemp Sand Abundance of ammocoetes in the electrofishing boundary fish/ m 2

23 Potential Lamprey Habitat Upstream of LBC Metolius R. (LBC to Camp Ck.) Deschutes R. (LBC to Big Falls) Whychus Ck. (Deschutes R. to Alder Springs) Crooked R. (LBC to Opal Springs) Estimated potential ammocoetes = 3.7 to 7.5 million Area of potential re-colonization for Pacific lamprey upstream of Lake Billy Chinook, limited by water temperature.

24 Determine area of potential recolonization Apply thermal filter to vacant habitats upstream of PRB that may restrict the maximum potential range Determine reaches that are within 10 C to 18 C June-July for spawning to occur place the habitat filter onto the range restricted by temperature Within reaches where spawning may occur, use habitat data to determine area dominated by silt and sand for ammocoete rearing

25 Habitat Survey Data Sum area of habitat dominated by silt and by sand in the potential area of recolonization Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife Aquatic Inventories Protocol Crooked River July 1997 Deschutes River - August 1997 Whychus Creek September 2008 US Forest Service Region 6 Protocol Metolius River - Summer 1989 Apply AAM model to silt/sand area for estimated number ammocoetes

26 Potential Ammocoete Abundance Above LBC Stream Water Temperature ( C) Substrate (Area, m 2 ) Estimated Ammocoete Abundance 95% Prediction Intervals Metolius River 12 C Deschutes River 16 C Whychus Creek 18 C Crooked River 14 C Silt (9,079) 237, ,579 to 330,054 Sand (117,265) 1,528, ,889 to 2,341,456 Total 1,765,835 1,168,468 to 2,671,511 Silt (9,518) 455, ,641 to 631,731 Sand (74,103) 1,769,276 1,084,246 to 2,887,059 Total 2,224,916 1,412,887 to 3,518,790 Silt (36) 2,331 1,589 to 3,421 Sand (739) 23,888 13,688 to 41,689 Total 26,220 15,277 to 45,110 Silt (0) 0 0 Sand (45,526) 808, ,247 to 1,251,893 Total 808, ,247 to 1,251,893 Total All Streams 4,820,114 3,680,877 to 7,487,303 Potentially, 3.7 to 7.5 million ammocoetes!!

27 Deschutes Basin lamprey studies Ammocoete habitat associations Adult escapement at Sherars Falls (since 2004 and continuing) Adult overwinter/spawning locations Migration timing and movement characteristics Capture efficiency model for electrofishing to convert catch to abundance Model for ammocoetes in Shitike Creek to relate abundance to environmental factors Demonstrated that there is habitat upstream of LBC that could support lamprey if passage were possible

28 Columbia Basin Fish Accords Deschutes River (Jen Graham/Joel Santos/Matt Fox/Andrew Wildbill) Escapement estimate at Sherars Falls Further data on life-history/habitat use Insert HDX tags in lamprey at Sherars Falls Install 3 HDX antennae in Warm Springs River and one at mouth Shitike Creek Limiting factors in Shitike Creek and Warm Springs River Validate model on SC and survey restoration area Fifteenmile Ck. and Hood R. (Matt Fox/Andrew Wildbill) Population estimate in Fifteenmile Creek Monitor recolonization of Hood River after removal of Powerdale Dam Willamette Falls (Cyndi Baker) Escapement estimate over Willamette Falls Develop index of abundance