INVERTEBRATES. Cnidaria jelly, corals eumetazoa 2 radial Platyhelminthes flateworm 3 bilateral 1 a -- Nematoda roundworms 2 p --

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "INVERTEBRATES. Cnidaria jelly, corals eumetazoa 2 radial Platyhelminthes flateworm 3 bilateral 1 a -- Nematoda roundworms 2 p --"

Transcription

1 Diversity II ANIMAL OVERVIEW Animals: multicellular, heterotrophic eukaryotes, obtain nutrients by ingestion, and lack cell wall. Ingestion: eating other organisms or organic material. Collagen: most abundant protein in animals. Anima cell tissues have unique intercellular junctions: 1) Tight/fuse junctions 2) Desmosomes 3) Gap/communication junctions. Animals have both: 1) Conduction/nerve tissue 2) Movement/muscle tissue Most animals reproduce sexually where a flagellated sperm fertilizes a non-motile egg. Zygote then undergoes mitosis/cleavage, which leads to a solid ball of cells called morula blastula (hollow ball) gastrula (ball invaginates). Archenteron: primitive gut in the early developmental stage. If we could trace all animal lineages back to their origin, they would converge to a common ancestor this ancestor was probably a flagellated protist. Phyla sponges (Porifera) represent an early branch have a very simple structure that separates them from other animal phyla and are called parazoa. Parazoa: animals that lack true tissue. Eumetazoa: animals that have true tissue. 2 major branches of symmetry: 1) Radial symmetry: arranged like spokes of a wheel that radiate from the center. Ex: hydra. 2) Bilateral symmetry: has 2 sides, a right and a left and associated with cephalization. Ex: human. Cephalization: concentration of sensory equipment near the head of an animal many animal phyla cephalization occurred when you consider that this is the end that first encounters food, danger, and other stimuli. This concentration of sensory equipment developed into the central nervous system in many bilateral animals. In all animals, except sponges, the embryo becomes layered through the process of gastrulation called germ layers. Germ layers: eventually form the organs and tissue of the body. Ectoderm: outermost layer that gives rise to the skin primarily. Mesoderm: middle layer that forms muscle and the remaining organs. Endoderm: innermost layer that gives rise to the digestive tract and related organs.

2 Acoelomate: solid bodies. Ex: flatworm. Pseudocoelomate: animals that have a body covering (ectoderm), then the mesoderm (muscles), then a fluid filled body cavity, and then the digestive tract (endoderm). The mesoderm does not completely line the body cavity. Ex: round worm (nematodes) and rotifers. Coelomate: a fluid-filled body cavity completely lined by tissue derived from the mesoderm. This connects the inner and outer layers to form connective tissue that suspend the internal organs. The fluid in the body cavity cushions the suspended organs to help prevent injury. It evolved at least twice in animals in both the protostomes and deuterostomes. Protostomes: literally means first mouth, includes the mollusks, annelids, and arthropods, have spiral cleavage where the cells are diagonal in the developing embryo; and have determinate cleavage very early in development, each cell s developmental fate is already determined. Deuterostomes: literally means second mouth, includes the chordates (humans) and echinoderms (sea stars), have radial cleavage where the cells are on top of each other or parallel, and have indeterminate cleavage each cell in the early cleavage stages is able to develop into a complete embryo. Blastopore develops into the mouth in protostomes. Blastopore develops into the anus in deuterostomes. INVERTEBRATES Phylum Common name Tissue Germ Body Gut Coelom Embryonic Complexity Layers Symmetry Openings Development Porifera Sponges parazoa * Cnidaria jelly, corals eumetazoa 2 radial Platyhelminthes flateworm 3 bilateral 1 a -- Nematoda roundworms 2 p -- Rotifera rotifers p -- Mollusca clams, snails, c protostomes Octupuses Annelida segmented worms Arthropoda insects, spiders Crustaceans Echinodermata Sea stars, sea urchins radial deuterostomes Chordata vertebrates bilateral KEY: *Amoebocytes carry out digestion --character does not apply to this phylum a= acoelomate p=pseudocoelomate c=coelomate

3 Phylum Digestion Excretion Respiration Nervous Skeleton Locomotion Control Porifera choanoctyes diffusion diffusion none spicules (glass-like none/sessile Amoebocytes made of CaCO 3/SiO 2) Cnidaria gastrovascular nerve net hydrostatic contractile cavity fibers Platyhelminthes diffusion, ganglia, Cilia, muscles, flame cells nerve cord glide or swim Rotifera complete hydrostatic cuticle muscles, tapered foot Nematoda diffusion longitudinal muscles Mollusca kidney gills, diffusion external shell, muscular foot, nephridia hydrostatic jet propulsion Annelida metanephridia diffusion, skin ganglia, ventral hydrostatic, setae (hair) Blood vessels nerve cord compartment Arthropoda malpighian gills, tracheal exoskeleton of jointed legs, tubule system chitin wings Echinodermata diffusion skin gills radial nerve calcium skeleton tube feet, H 2O system vascular system Chordata kidneys, pharyngeal dorsal, hollow notochord muscles, swim (Invertebrate nephrons gill slits nerve cord or sessile Phyla) Porifera (sponges): Literally means pore bearer Most sponges are marine Are filter/ suspension feeder that collect food particles from the water as they pass through flagellated cells called choanocytes then pass to the amoebocyte that are able to move about the sponge and distribute nutrients to the entire organism. They are parazoa. Cnidaria (jellies, hydra, sea anemones, and corals): 2 body forms: 1) Medusa 2) Sessile polyp Have a basic body plan called gastrovascular cavity: a sac with central digestive compartment. There is a single opening for both the mouth/anus. No brain, only a nerve net Have a hydrostatic skeleton: composed of fluid held under pressure in a closed body compartment.

4 Platyhelminthes (flatworms-like planarians, tapeworms, and flukes): Are acoelomate Can be free-living scavenger (planarians), internal animal parasites that suck blood/tissues (flukes), or internal parasites in the digestive tract (tapeworm). Flatworms, like planarians, have flame bulbs to maintain osmotic balance. Have a digestive tract with a single opening. Have ganglia or clusters of nerve cells located at the anterior end of flatworms. They are protonephridia. Rotifera (rotifers): Are filter/suspension feeders: use cilia on their head to pull in food. Inhabit fresh water primarily. Have a complete digestive tract separate mouth from anus. Parthenogenesis: some species consist of only female and produce more females from unfertilized eggs Are pseudocoelomates Nematoda (roundworms like nematodes): Nematodes: widely used as a model research organism (c. elegans). Many are found in moist soil/moist plant or animal tissues. One species causes trichinosis that humans acquire from undercooked pork containing juvenile worms. Have a complete digestive tract Are pseudocoelomates Mollusca (snails, slugs, chitons [looks like turtle shell], bivalves [clams], octopuses, and squids): Most mollusks have shell Squids have an internal reduced shell, but octupuses have no shell. All have a simple body plan of 3 parts: 1) Muscular foot movement 2) Visceral mass contain internal organs 3) Mantle fold of tissue over the visceral mass Are coelomate Bivalves: clams, oysters, and mussels. Gastropods: slugs and snails. Cephalopods: squid and octupuses. Octupuses have a highly developed nervous system and a large brain.

5 Annelida (segmented worms like earthworms and leeches): Literally means little rings Have closed circulatory systems Have metanephridia: excretory tubes with ciliated funnels that excrete wastes from their bodies. Have a brain-like pair of ganglia near their anterior end. Arthropoda (spiders, insects, crustaceans [crabs, lobsters]): Have jointed appendages Have a developed nervous system Have an exoskeletons of chitin Some are born as nymph that change shape slowly as they grow into adults Some are born as larvae (maggots) that undergo metamorphosis Have an open circulatory system and that for excreting wastes Insects use malpighian tubules These out pockets of the digestive system remove metabolic waste from the hemolymph (blood and interstitial fluid). Breathing takes places through spiracle or pores on the body surface.

6 Echinodermata (sea stars, sea urchins, brittle stars, sea cucumber, sand dollars): Are radial symmetrical as adults Often have 5 spokes Have water vascular system-network of hydraulic canals branching into extensions called tube feet that function in locomotion, feeding, and gas exchange. Chordata (2 invertebrate subphyla and ALL vertebrates): Have 4 main features: 1) Notochord (flexible rod on dorsal side later becomes the backbone in many animals) 2) Dorsal hollow nerve cord (becomes the brain and spinal cord) 3) Gill/pharyngeal slit (some disappear during embryonic development, some keep for gas exchange) 4) Muscular tail (in many the tail is lost during embryonic development) 2 main groups of chordates are the invertebrate chordates like: 1) Lancelets 2) Tunicates/sea squirts Vertebrate chordates like: 1) Fish 2) Amphibians 3) Reptiles 4) Birds 5) Mammals VERTEBRATES 2 invertebrate subphylums: 1) Urochordate (tunicates) 2) Cephalochordate (lancelets) Most tunicates are sessile marine animals that adhere to rocks like sea squirts. Lancelets are blade-like small marine animals that burrow into the sand leaving only their anterior end exposed to catch tiny food particles.

7 Vertebrates are associated with larger size and an active lifestyle. Superclass Agnatha: Oldest vertebrate fossils Fish-like animals in an armor of bony plates Includes the jawless vertebrates. Ex: lamprey and hagfish. Their mouths are circular or slit-like Their bodies are eel-shaped. Lampreys use their rasping tongue to break through the skin of prey and live off the blood of its host. Hagfish are scavengers. Superclass Gnathostomata: Replaced the jawless fishes Literally means jaw mouth Class Chondrichthyes: Includes sharks and rays Are also called cartilaginous fishes due to their endoskeletons of cartilage. Sharks have acute senses to go along with their active, carnivorous lifestyle, have sharp vision and a great sense of smell as well as can detect electrical fields generated by the contraction of their prey s muscles. Running along the sides of sharks is the lateral line: organs sensitive to changes in pressure. Sharks use lateral line to detect even minor vibration. Shark skin is covered with tiny tooth-like projections called dentacles. Their liver stores a lot of oil to help sharks float. Class Osteichthyes: Largest of all the vertebrate classes Includes bony fishes Covered in scales, bony fishes secrete mucus to reduce drag in swimming, have a lateral line to detect vibrations and a swim bladder filled with air to help control buoyancy. Most bony fishes are oviparous: reproduce by external fertilization Example of bony fishes: lobe finned fishes and lung fishes. The lobe finned fishes have muscular fins to aid in walking and occasionally waddle on land. Lungfishes are able to breathe air and can survive when ponds shrink; they burrow in the mud and go into a state of torpor.

8 Class Amphibia: Literally means 2 lives (reference to metamorphosis) Oldest tetrapods: 2 pairs of limbs to support them on land Early amphibians probably resembled the lobe finned fishes. Includes frogs, toads, salamanders, and newts. Most amphibians have close ties to water and carry out gas exchange on their moist skin. Amphibian eggs lack a shell and dehydrate quickly in dry air. Class Reptilia: Starting to have amniotic sac: membranes function in gas exchange, waste storage, and transport of stored nutrients to the embryo. Include lizards, snakes, turtles, crocodiles, and alligators. They have water proof skin to prevent dehydration and get oxygen through lungs, not through moist skin. They are ectoderm/cold-blooded Class Aves: Amniotic eggs and scale on the legs are 2 reptilian features seen in birds. Almost all parts of birds are modified for flight. Ex: honeycombed bones are strong, but light. They are endoderm that uses their own metabolic heat to keep warm. Feathers are made of keratin and function for insulation as well as flight in many birds. Ratites: flightless birds, they lack large chest muscles for flight. Class Mammalia: Have hair/fur made of keratin Are endoderm produce milk most are born being nourished by a placenta have larger brain capable of learning have differentiated teeth for chewing many kinds of foods some lay eggs like platypuses called monotreme Marsupials: young are born very early in its development and completes development by nursing in a pouch. Ex: opossums, kangaroos, and koalas. Eutherian: complete embryonic development within the uterus joined to the mother by the placenta. Ex: humans. Misconceptions about human evolution: 1) Humans didn t evolve from chimpanzees. Humans and chimps just evolved from a common ancestor. 2) Humans did not evolve as a ladder of steps leading to present day Homo sapiens. This is often illustrated as the parade of hominids (human like) progressively becomes more modern. But human evolution wasn t so orderly. There have been many splinter groups that have traveled down dead end branches. And at times in hominid history, several different human species coexisted. 3) Upright posture and an enlarged brain evolved in unison. A popular image is of early cave dwellers as half-stooped over and half-witted. Different features evolved at different rates with erect posture or bipedalism leading the way. Based on the fossil record and DNA comparisons, most agree that humans and apes diverged from a common ancestor 6-8 million years ago in Africa. The first skull found was Australopithecus africanus the first hominid to be bipedal. But the brain was only about 1/3 size of modern human brains. In 1974, researchers found another Australopithecus afarensis fossil that was 40% complete and named it Lucy. It was only about one meter tall with the head size of a softball. Lucy s bones differed enough to be considered another species.

9 Humans walked upright way before the enlargement of the brain; the making of sophisticated tools came much later. Enlargement of the human brain came with Homo habilis ( handy man ). This hominid coexisted alongside Australopithecus. Homo erectus (upright man) was the first hominid to migrate out of Africa into Europe and Asia. This species is much taller than H. habilis with a larger brain. H. erectus built fire, clothed themselves, and designed more refined tools than that of their predecessors. Descendents of H. erectus were the Neanderthal who lived in Europe, the Middle East and Asia. Compared to us, they have had heavier brow ridge and less pronounced chins, with bigger brains than ours. Neanderthals were skilled toolmaker that participated in burial and rituals that required abstract thought. The debate currently is whether Neanderthals had the anatomical equipment for speech. Multiregional model: Some believe the Neanderthals gave rise to H. sapiens and that modern humans evolved at the same time in different parts of the world. Some believe that Neanderthals and modern humans coexisted and did not interbreed. If this is true, then Neanderthals could not have been the ancestors of modern humans. So perhaps instead Neanderthals were evolutionary dead ends. Out-of-Africa /monogenesis model: H. erectus left Africa and replaced Neanderthals; it is the idea that modern humanity did not emerge in many parts of the world, but only in Africa. This model has been heavily supported with mitochondrial DNA evidence that traces the source of all mitochondrial DNA back to Africa.

A. Porifera (sponges): B. Cnidaria (jellies, hydra, sea anemones, and corals):

A. Porifera (sponges): B. Cnidaria (jellies, hydra, sea anemones, and corals): Invertebrates Notes A. Porifera (sponges): Porifera literally means. Most sponges are. They are that collect food particles from the water as they pass through flagellated cells called. These cells then

More information

Symmetry. Asymmetrical- no shape. Radial- same in half when cut any angle. Bilateral- having a distinct right and left side

Symmetry. Asymmetrical- no shape. Radial- same in half when cut any angle. Bilateral- having a distinct right and left side Symmetry Asymmetrical- no shape Radial- same in half when cut any angle Bilateral- having a distinct right and left side Invertebrates 95% of Animals No Backbone The simplest animals and they do not have

More information

Kingdom Animalia. Eukaryotic Multicellular Heterotrophs Lack Cell Walls

Kingdom Animalia. Eukaryotic Multicellular Heterotrophs Lack Cell Walls Kingdom Animalia Eukaryotic Multicellular Heterotrophs Lack Cell Walls Must do: Feed, Respiration, Circulation, Excretion, Response, Movement, and Reproduction Symmetry Asymmetrical- no shape Radial- same

More information

Animal Diversity. Kingdom Animalia

Animal Diversity. Kingdom Animalia 7ch11 Animal Diversity Kingdom Animalia Animal Characteristics 1. animals are eukaryotes and are multicellular 2. cells are specialized for different functions (vision,digestion,reproduction) 3. protein,

More information

Animal Evolution: Chordate and Vertebrate Evolution and Diversity (Learning Outline)

Animal Evolution: Chordate and Vertebrate Evolution and Diversity (Learning Outline) Animal Evolution: Chordate and Vertebrate Evolution and Diversity (Learning Outline) 1. Distinguishing features of the phylum Chordata and representative organisms. 2. Highlights of evolutionary steps

More information

The Animals: Kingdom Animalia

The Animals: Kingdom Animalia The Animals: Kingdom Animalia Kingdom Animalia (Animals) What is an Animal? Zoology- The study of Animals General Characteristics of 1. Animals are multicellular and eukaryotic. Animals 2. Animals consume

More information

Chordates 1. Biology 2

Chordates 1. Biology 2 Chordates 1 Biology 2 Kingdom Animals Eukaryotic Multicellular - Many cell types Heterotrophic Feed by ingestion No cell walls Diploid life cycle Phylogenetic Tree Deuterostome Bilateral Symmetry 3 tissues

More information

Phylum: Porifera (sponges)

Phylum: Porifera (sponges) Phylum: Porifera (sponges) (8,761 known species) General Description: Simplest animals, multicellular No organs or body systems Skeleton composed of spongin (soft) and spicules (hard) Symmetry: Asymmetrical

More information

PHYLUM CHORDATA: Subphylum vertebrata

PHYLUM CHORDATA: Subphylum vertebrata PHYLUM CHORDATA: Subphylum vertebrata There are three basic characteristics that distinguish Phylum Chordata from all other animal phyla: The presence of a flexible, rod-like, internal supporting structure

More information

Characteristics of Animals pp Topic 7: Animal Diversity Ch Symmetry pp Characteristics of Animals

Characteristics of Animals pp Topic 7: Animal Diversity Ch Symmetry pp Characteristics of Animals Topic 7: Animal Diversity Ch. 32-34 Characteristics of Animals pp.704-705 Animals: Are eukaryotic Are multicellular Are ingestive heterotrophs Have no cell walls Most are motile Most have tissues organized

More information

Biol Echinoderms & Chordates. But first a few words about Development

Biol Echinoderms & Chordates. But first a few words about Development Biol 1309 Echinoderms & Chordates 1 But first a few words about Development Blastula- zygote first develops into a hollow ball of cells Deuterostome - mouth second Protostome - mouth first Cleavage - describes

More information

The Animal Kingdom. Animal Kingdom. Characteristics of All Animals. Major Characteristics Used To Classify Animals

The Animal Kingdom. Animal Kingdom. Characteristics of All Animals. Major Characteristics Used To Classify Animals The Animal Kingdom Animal Kingdom Phylums: 1. Sponges 2. Cnidaria Jelly Fish, Hydra 3. Flatworms Flukes, Tapeworms 4. Roundworms- Hookworms 5. Segmented Worms- Earthworms 6. Rotifera- Rotifers 7. Mullusca

More information

Kingdom Animalia: Sponges. Types of Body Symmetry Radial body parts are symmetrical around a central point (like a pie)

Kingdom Animalia: Sponges. Types of Body Symmetry Radial body parts are symmetrical around a central point (like a pie) Kingdom Animalia: Phylum Characteristics Types of Body Symmetry Radial body parts are symmetrical around a central point (like a pie) Bilateral right and left sides are alike and roughly equally proportional

More information

Overview of Invertebrates

Overview of Invertebrates Overview of Invertebrates General Features of Animals Heterotrophic Multicellular (eukaryotic) Cells lack rigid cell walls Cells are usually quite flexible. Cells (except sponges) are organized into structural

More information

Class Polychaeta: Marine Worms

Class Polychaeta: Marine Worms Class Polychaeta: Marine Worms Animal Phyla Phylum Mollusca (Snails, Clams, Octopods and Allies): Radula: rasping tongue Shell: 3 layers, mostly calcium carbonate Inner-most = nacre = mother of pearl Mantle:

More information

Characteris*c s of Living Things 1. Chemical Uniqueness: Molecular Organization

Characteris*c s of Living Things 1. Chemical Uniqueness: Molecular Organization Characteris*c s of Living Things 1. Chemical Uniqueness: Molecular Organization 2. Hierarchical Organization: macromolecules - > Cells - >Organs - >Organ systems 3. Reproduction 4. Genetic Programs 5.

More information

Kingdom Animalia part 2.notebook. April 08, The fun continues... Kingdom Animalia

Kingdom Animalia part 2.notebook. April 08, The fun continues... Kingdom Animalia The fun continues....... Kingdom Animalia 1 2 Joint legged animals (arthropoda) found from the bottom of the ocean to high above the Earth's surface included insects, arachnid, and crustacean hard external

More information

I n t r o d u c t i o n. A n i m a l s

I n t r o d u c t i o n. A n i m a l s I n t r o d u c t i o n t o A n i m a l s What is an Animal? Taxonomy: Kingdom Animalia Type of Cells: Eukaryotic Cellular Organization: Multicellular Reproduction: Sexual / Asexual Feeding: Heterotrophic

More information

Ch17_Animals. Animals Multicellular eukaryotes. What is an animal? Animal development. Main differences with plants Main differences with fungi

Ch17_Animals. Animals Multicellular eukaryotes. What is an animal? Animal development. Main differences with plants Main differences with fungi Animals Multicellular eukaryotes Domain Domain Kingdoms Main differences with plants Main differences with fungi What is an animal? Domain Nutritional mode: Heterotrophic (Ingestive) Level of organization:

More information

Chapter 23: The Animal Kingdom

Chapter 23: The Animal Kingdom Chapter 23: The Animal Kingdom Lecture Outline Enger, E. D., Ross, F. C., & Bailey, D. B. (2012). Concepts in biology (14th ed.). New York: McGraw- Hill. 1 23-1 What is an animal? 23-2 Eukaryotic Multicellular

More information

Arthropods, Echinoderms, and Chordates

Arthropods, Echinoderms, and Chordates Arthropods, Echinoderms, and Chordates Bi 10 10/22/2013 Revised Schedule Friday, Nov. 22: Chapter 17, Part 2 Chapter 15, 16 Reading Quiz Due Wednesday, Nov. 27: Special Lecture: Review + World s Weirdest

More information

Animals II: The Chordates

Animals II: The Chordates Animals II: The Chordates Phylum : Chordata Subphylum: Urochordata: Tunicates Cephalochordata: Lancelets Vertebrata: Vertebrates Chordate Characteristics Bilaterally symmetrical, coelomate animals Complete

More information

1. Animals are (diploid) with tissues arranged into organs and organ systems. 3. Animals require for aerobic respiration.

1. Animals are (diploid) with tissues arranged into organs and organ systems. 3. Animals require for aerobic respiration. Chapter 25 Animals: The Invertebrates I. Overview of the Animal Kingdom A. General Characteristics of Animals 1. Animals are (diploid) with tissues arranged into organs and organ systems. 2. Animals are.

More information

Body Plan of the Chordates. Notochord, dorsal hollow nerve cord, pharyngeal gill slits, blocks of muscle, post-anal tail

Body Plan of the Chordates. Notochord, dorsal hollow nerve cord, pharyngeal gill slits, blocks of muscle, post-anal tail Chordata The Major Groups Invertebrate Chordates Fishes Class: Agnatha Class Condrichthyes Class Osteichthyes Class: Amphibia Class: Reptilia Class: Aves Class: Mammalia Body Plan of the Chordates Notochord,

More information

The Animal Kingdom. The Chordates

The Animal Kingdom. The Chordates The Animal Kingdom The Chordates Phylum Hemichordata Hemichordata (hemi = half; chordata= cord) acorn worm entirely marine adults show 3 of 4 basic characteristics: 1) pharyngial pouches 2) dorsal tubular

More information

BIOLOGY 11 CHORDATES

BIOLOGY 11 CHORDATES BIOLOGY 11 CHORDATES All chordates share 4 general characteristics: 1. Notochord a dorsal supporting rod located below the nerve cord toward the back in vertebrates, the embryonic notochord is replaced

More information

February 17, Unit 2. Biodiversity. Chordata, the vertebrates

February 17, Unit 2. Biodiversity. Chordata, the vertebrates Unit 2 Biodiversity Chordata, the vertebrates Phylum Chordata Examples: Sea squirts, fish, birds, dinosaurs, humans. General characteristics: 1. Bilaterally symmetrical 2. Coelomate 3. One way digestive

More information

Chapter 29 Echinoderms and Invertebrate Chordates. Section Echinoderms. I. What Is An Echinoderm? 11/1/2010. Biology II Mrs.

Chapter 29 Echinoderms and Invertebrate Chordates. Section Echinoderms. I. What Is An Echinoderm? 11/1/2010. Biology II Mrs. Chapter 29 Echinoderms and Invertebrate Chordates Section 29.1 - Echinoderms Biology II Mrs. Michaelsen I. What Is An Echinoderm? A. Move by means of hydraulic, suction cuptipped appendages. B. Skin covered

More information

chordates (S3.O1.d / S3.O2.e)

chordates (S3.O1.d / S3.O2.e) Comparing invertebrates and Vocab Chap 29 & 33 chordates (S3.O1.d / S3.O2.e) 1. Radial symmetry 2. Bilateral symmetry 3. Cephalization 4. Coelom 5. Intracellular digestion 6. Extracellular digestion 7.

More information

Ch17_Animals. Animals Multicellular eukaryotes. What is an animal? Animal development. Main differences with plants Main differences with fungi

Ch17_Animals. Animals Multicellular eukaryotes. What is an animal? Animal development. Main differences with plants Main differences with fungi Animals Multicellular eukaryotes Domain Domain Kingdoms Main differences with plants Main differences with fungi What is an animal? Domain Nutritional mode: Heterotrophic (Ingestive) Level of organization:

More information

Biology 11 - Chapter 31 Assignment

Biology 11 - Chapter 31 Assignment Name: Class: Date: Biology 11 - Chapter 31 Assignment True/False Indicate whether the statement is true or false. 1. Echinoderms exhibit their invertebrate heritage by their hard exoskeletons made of calcium

More information

Sponges are considered the oldest of the animal phyla. The name Porifera means "pore bearer" in Latin.

Sponges are considered the oldest of the animal phyla. The name Porifera means pore bearer in Latin. Animals All animals are members of the Kingdom Animalia, also called Metazoa. This Kingdom does not contain prokaryotes (Kingdom Monera, includes bacteria, blue green algae) or protists (Kingdom Protista,

More information

What is an animal? 10/22/17. Bio 242 Laboratory Module 2

What is an animal? 10/22/17. Bio 242 Laboratory Module 2 Bio 242 Laboratory Module 2 Theme: Evolution shapes the flow and pattern of information through phylogenetic lineages, evident in the linkage between form and function Objectives -we will track the effects

More information

27-4 Mollusks. Slide 1 of 43. End Show. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

27-4 Mollusks. Slide 1 of 43. End Show. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 1 of 43 What Is a Mollusk? What Is a Mollusk? Mollusks are soft-bodied animals that usually have an internal or external shell. Mollusks include snails, slugs, clams, squids, octopi... They are group together

More information

Class XI Chapter 4 Animal Kingdom Biology

Class XI Chapter 4 Animal Kingdom Biology Chapter 4 Animal Kingdom Question 1: What are the difficulties that you would face in classification of animals, if common fundamental features are not taken into account? For the classification of living

More information

Mollusks are soft bodied animals that have an internal or external shell, a similar body plan consisting of four basic parts: a foot, mantle, shell,

Mollusks are soft bodied animals that have an internal or external shell, a similar body plan consisting of four basic parts: a foot, mantle, shell, Mollusca Mollusks are soft bodied animals that have an internal or external shell, a similar body plan consisting of four basic parts: a foot, mantle, shell, and visceral mass. Mollusks also possess a

More information

2 Mollusks and Annelid Worms

2 Mollusks and Annelid Worms CHAPTER 15 2 Mollusks and Annelid Worms SECTION Invertebrates BEFORE YOU READ After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions: What are the four features of mollusks? What are

More information

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Overview of Animal Diversity Fig. 32-1 An Overview of Animal Diversity Multicellular Nutrition mode: Heterotrophic (ingestion) Cell structure & specialization Tissues develop from embryonic layers Nervous & Muscle (unique) Lack cell

More information

Chapter 28 Arthropods and Echinoderms. Body Terms. Evolution has led to:

Chapter 28 Arthropods and Echinoderms. Body Terms. Evolution has led to: Chapter 28 Arthropods and Echinoderms Introduction to Arthropods jointed feet Most diverse and successful animals Over 750,000 species identified Segmented bodies Tough exoskeleton Jointed appendages Body

More information

Phylum Chordata (Focus will be on Subphylum Vertebrata) Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata

Phylum Chordata (Focus will be on Subphylum Vertebrata) Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Phylum Chordata (Focus will be on Subphylum Vertebrata) Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata - All members have three basic characteristics: 1) a hollow dorsal nerve cord, - spinal cord has small fluid fill

More information

General Biology 1004 Chapter 17 Lecture Handout, Summer 2005 Dr. Frisby

General Biology 1004 Chapter 17 Lecture Handout, Summer 2005 Dr. Frisby Slide 1 CHAPTER 17 The Evolution of Animals PowerPoint Lecture Slides for Essential Biology, Second Edition & Essential Biology with Physiology Neil Campbell, Jane Reece, and Eric Simon Presentation prepared

More information

Class XI Chapter 4 Animal Kingdom Biology

Class XI Chapter 4 Animal Kingdom Biology Class XI Chapter 4 Animal Kingdom Biology Question 1: What are the difficulties that you would face in classification of animals, if common fundamental features are not taken into account? For the classification

More information

The Deuterostomes and the rise of the Vertebrates: from Echinoderms to Man

The Deuterostomes and the rise of the Vertebrates: from Echinoderms to Man The Deuterostomes and the rise of the Vertebrates: from Echinoderms to Man 1 The Deuterostomes Calcarea and Silicea Cnidaria Lophotrochozoa Ecdysozoa Deuterostomia 2 The Ancestral Deuterostome Bilateral

More information

Figure 1: Chordate Characteristics

Figure 1: Chordate Characteristics I. General Chordate Characteristics Chordates are distinguished as a group by the presence of four embryonic features that may persist into adulthood in some species, but disappear as development progresses

More information

Chapter 12 Marine Fishes

Chapter 12 Marine Fishes Chapter 12 Marine Fishes Marine Protochordates Phylum: Chordata (nerve cord) Subphylum: Protochordata first chordates/primitive Primitive species of marine vertebrates Do not have advanced features (backbone)

More information

Chapter 5 Marine Protozoans and Invertebrates

Chapter 5 Marine Protozoans and Invertebrates Chapter 5 Marine Protozoans and Invertebrates I. The Protozoans A. Kindgom Protista a catch-all category B. Characteristics 1. Mode of nutrition 2. Single-celled or multicellular? 3. Cell structure 4.

More information

Fishes and Amphibians Objectives

Fishes and Amphibians Objectives Fishes and Amphibians Objectives List the four common body parts of chordates. Describe the two main characteristics of vertebrates. Explain the difference between an ectotherm and an endotherm. Describe

More information

EXTRACREDIT PROJECT ANIMALS OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA S OCEAN

EXTRACREDIT PROJECT ANIMALS OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA S OCEAN BIO 10 FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOLOGY Instructor: K. Villatoro Student s Name: EXTRACREDIT PROJECT ANIMALS OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA S OCEAN WELCOME TO THE CABRILLO MARINE AQUARIUM! This site was chosen because

More information

Features Used to Classify

Features Used to Classify Features Used to Classify Animals Bởi: OpenStaxCollege Scientists have developed a classification scheme that categorizes all members of the animal kingdom, although there are exceptions to most rules

More information

What are the four main characteristics of arthropods? What are two types of metamorphosis in insects?

What are the four main characteristics of arthropods? What are two types of metamorphosis in insects? CHAPTER 15 3 Arthropods SECTION Invertebrates BEFORE YOU READ After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions: What are the four main characteristics of arthropods? What are two

More information

The Animal Kingdom: The Deuterostomes. Deuterostomes. Phylum Echinodermata 4/23/2012. Chapter 31. (bilateral ciliated larvae)

The Animal Kingdom: The Deuterostomes. Deuterostomes. Phylum Echinodermata 4/23/2012. Chapter 31. (bilateral ciliated larvae) Porifera Porifera Cnidaria Cnidaria Ctenophora Ctenophora Platyhelminthes Platyhelminthes Nemerteans Nemerteans Nematoda Nematoda Rotifera Rotifera Tardigrada Tardigrada Onychophora Onychophora Arthropoda

More information

Chordates. Bởi: OpenStaxCollege

Chordates. Bởi: OpenStaxCollege Chordates Bởi: OpenStaxCollege Vertebrates are members of the kingdom Animalia and the phylum Chordata ([link]). Recall that animals that possess bilateral symmetry can be divided into two groups protostomes

More information

Lecture Notes Chapter 14

Lecture Notes Chapter 14 Lecture Notes Chapter 14 I. Chordata- phylum A. 3 subphyla 1. Urochordata 2. Cephalochordata 3. Vertebrata II. Characteristics of all Chordates (found during some part of the life cycle) A. All have a

More information

What do animals do to survive?

What do animals do to survive? What do animals do to survive? Section 26-1 All Animals have are carry out Eukaryotic cells with Heterotrophs Essential functions such as No cell walls Feeding Respiration Circulation Excretion Response

More information

Is a seahorse a fish, amphibian, or reptile? FISH

Is a seahorse a fish, amphibian, or reptile? FISH Ch. 30 Loulousis Is a seahorse a fish, amphibian, or reptile? FISH Vertebral Column (Endoskeleton) Gills Single-loop circulation Kidneys Also share all the characteristics of chordates such as notochord,

More information

Animals. Invertebrate Diversity & Evolution

Animals. Invertebrate Diversity & Evolution Animals Invertebrate Diversity & Evolution Animal Characteristics Multicellular Heterotrophic (can be classified by their feeding strategies) Classified by feeding strategies Filter feeders (suspension

More information

VERTEBRATE EVOLUTION & DIVERSITY

VERTEBRATE EVOLUTION & DIVERSITY VERTEBRATE EVOLUTION & DIVERSITY 1 ANIMAL DIVERSITY No true tissues Ancestral protist True tissues Radial symmetry True Animals Bilateral symmetry Bilateral Animals Deuterostomes Lophotrochophores Ecdysozoans

More information

Phylum Chordata Featuring Vertebrate Animals

Phylum Chordata Featuring Vertebrate Animals Phylum Chordata Featuring Vertebrate Animals Prepared by Diana C. Wheat For Linn-Benton Community College Characteristics All have a notochord: a stiff but flexible rod that extends the length of the body

More information

Aquarium entrance stamp here

Aquarium entrance stamp here Aquarium entrance stamp here Bio 11 - ZOOLOGY Instructor: K. Villatoro Student s Name: CLASSIFICATION OF KINGDOM ANIMALIA WELCOME TO THE CABRILLO MARINE AQUARIUM! This site was chosen because it exhibits

More information

ANIMAL KINGDOM CHAPTER 4 14 BIOLOGY, EXEMPLAR PROBLEMS MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

ANIMAL KINGDOM CHAPTER 4 14 BIOLOGY, EXEMPLAR PROBLEMS MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS 14 BIOLOGY, EXEMPLAR PROBLEMS CHAPTER 4 ANIMAL KINGDOM MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS 1. In some animal groups, the body is found divided into compartments with at least some organs/ organ repeated. This characteristic

More information

1) Which of the following is NOT a class in the phylum Porifera: a) Aschelminthes b) Hexactinellida c) Calcareous d) Demosponges

1) Which of the following is NOT a class in the phylum Porifera: a) Aschelminthes b) Hexactinellida c) Calcareous d) Demosponges Martha - Porifera: 1) Which of the following is NOT a class in the phylum Porifera: a) Aschelminthes b) Hexactinellida c) Calcareous d) Demosponges 2) What can sponges NOT be used for: a) Arts b) Bathing

More information

Name Date Period. Mollusk Review TORSION HEMOLYMPH SESSILE TROCHOPHORE ADDUCTOR KIDNEY HEMOCOEL MANTLE CHROMATOPHORES VISCERAL MASS

Name Date Period. Mollusk Review TORSION HEMOLYMPH SESSILE TROCHOPHORE ADDUCTOR KIDNEY HEMOCOEL MANTLE CHROMATOPHORES VISCERAL MASS Name Date Period Mollusk Review MOLLUSK VOCABULARY: Match the word with its definition. TORSION HEMOLYMPH SESSILE TROCHOPHORE ADDUCTOR KIDNEY HEMOCOEL MANTLE CHROMATOPHORES VISCERAL MASS Free-swimming

More information

Phylum Mollusca. Includes snails and slugs, oysters and clams, and octopuses and squids.

Phylum Mollusca. Includes snails and slugs, oysters and clams, and octopuses and squids. Mollusks Phylum Mollusca Includes snails and slugs, oysters and clams, and octopuses and squids. Bivalves Nautilus Characteristics Soft-bodied invertebrate Covered with protective mantle that may or may

More information

AP Biology - Zimmerman Guided Reading Chapter 34

AP Biology - Zimmerman Guided Reading Chapter 34 AP Biology - Zimmerman Guided Reading Chapter 34 1. List the four characteristics of the members of the Phylum Chordata. Name 1. 2. 3. 4. 2. Define the following terms: a. notochord b. Dorsal nerve cord

More information

EVOLUTION OF ANIMALS CHAPTERS 18 & 19: ANIMAL EVOLUTION AND DIVERSITY ANIMALS. Honors Biology Fig Fig. 18.2

EVOLUTION OF ANIMALS CHAPTERS 18 & 19: ANIMAL EVOLUTION AND DIVERSITY ANIMALS. Honors Biology Fig Fig. 18.2 CHAPTERS 18 & 19: ANIMAL EVOLUTION AND DIVERSITY Honors Biology 2012 1 ANIMALS Egg Fig. 18.1 Sperm 2 Eukaryotic, multicellular heterotrophs whose cells lack cell walls Most animal cells are diploid Haploid

More information

Chapter 12 Part 2. The Worms Platyhelminthes, Nematoda & Annelida

Chapter 12 Part 2. The Worms Platyhelminthes, Nematoda & Annelida Chapter 12 Part 2 The Worms Platyhelminthes, Nematoda & Annelida Phylum: Platyhelminthes Examples: Flatworms, Planaria sp., tapeworms and blood flukes Acoelomate, Invertebrate, Simplest critter w/ bilateral

More information

MARINE SCIENCE. Monday 16 Apr 2018

MARINE SCIENCE. Monday 16 Apr 2018 MARINE SCIENCE Monday 16 Apr 2018 Guest Teacher Grab a copy of the How Scientists Classify Marine Life article & question worksheet from the front counter. Using the article Read the information. Answer

More information

Biology. Slide 1 of 53. End Show. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Biology. Slide 1 of 53. End Show. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Biology 1 of 53 Chapter 33 Comparing Chordates 2 of 53 This chapter is a good revision of the material we saw during Unit III. 3 of 53 4 of 53 Controlling Body Temperature The control of body temperature

More information

Biology 11. Phylum Chordata: Subphylum Vertebrata: The Fishys

Biology 11. Phylum Chordata: Subphylum Vertebrata: The Fishys Biology 11 Phylum Chordata: Subphylum Vertebrata: The Fishys Phylum Chordata is typically divided into four subphyla: Higher Chordates We are going to spend the next few classes talking about the Subphylum

More information

What Is an Annelid? Annelids are worms with segmented bodies. They have a true coelom that is lined with tissue derived from mesoderm.

What Is an Annelid? Annelids are worms with segmented bodies. They have a true coelom that is lined with tissue derived from mesoderm. What Is an Annelid? What Is an Annelid? Phylum: Annelidae Annelids are worms with segmented bodies. They have a true coelom that is lined with tissue derived from mesoderm. Three Germ Layers of an Annelid

More information

Phylum Platyhelminthes Phylum Nematoda Phylum Mollusca. By: Jerzylin, Beata & Jennifer

Phylum Platyhelminthes Phylum Nematoda Phylum Mollusca. By: Jerzylin, Beata & Jennifer Phylum Platyhelminthes Phylum Nematoda Phylum Mollusca By: Jerzylin, Beata & Jennifer Phylum Platyhelminthes Common Characteristics: Triploblastic Bilateral Symmetry Protostome No true stomach structure

More information

General Features of Animals

General Features of Animals General Features of Animals Animals are a diverse group that are characterized by several features animals are heterotrophs all animals are mul:cellular and lack cell walls most animals are able to move

More information

What is an animal? Mul.cellular heterotrophs: feed by inges&on. How does this differ from plants, fungi, pro.sts?

What is an animal? Mul.cellular heterotrophs: feed by inges&on. How does this differ from plants, fungi, pro.sts? What is an animal? Mul.cellular heterotrophs: feed by inges&on. How does this differ from plants, fungi, pro.sts? What is an animal? Carbohydrates stored as glycogen Polysaccharide of glucose (no, you

More information

Biology. Slide 1 of 43. End Show. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Biology. Slide 1 of 43. End Show. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Biology 1 of 43 2 of 43 What Is a Mollusk? What are the defining features of mollusks? 3 of 43 What Is a Mollusk? What Is a Mollusk? Mollusks are soft-bodied animals that usually have an internal or external

More information

Classification. Phylum Chordata

Classification. Phylum Chordata AP Biology Chapter 23 Exercise #17: Chordates: Urochordata & Cephalochordata Lab Guide Chordates show remarkable diversity. Most are vertebrates. All animals that belong to this phylum MUST, at some point

More information

What is an animal? Heterotrophs Multicellular Eukaryotic Cells No Cell Walls Bodies contain tissues : Epithelial Muscular Connective Nervous

What is an animal? Heterotrophs Multicellular Eukaryotic Cells No Cell Walls Bodies contain tissues : Epithelial Muscular Connective Nervous Animals What is an animal? Heterotrophs Multicellular Eukaryotic Cells No Cell Walls Bodies contain tissues : Epithelial Muscular Connective Nervous Epithelial Cover body surfaces: skin, lining of lungs

More information

What is a Fish? Fishes are aquatic vertebrates. Most fishes have paired fins, scales, and gills.

What is a Fish? Fishes are aquatic vertebrates. Most fishes have paired fins, scales, and gills. What is a Fish? Fishes are aquatic vertebrates. Most fishes have paired fins, scales, and gills. Feeding and Digestion Every mode of feeding is seen in fish herbivores, carnivores, parasites, filter feeders,

More information

Title: May 31 2:42 PM (1 of 23) Phylum Mollusca

Title: May 31 2:42 PM (1 of 23) Phylum Mollusca Title: May 31 2:42 PM (1 of 23) Phylum Mollusca Title: May 31 3:25 PM (2 of 23) often referred to as mollusks second largest phylum has 7 classes only looking at 4 bilateral symmetry, true body cavity

More information

Invertebrate Chordates

Invertebrate Chordates Invertebrate Chordates Chapter 11.2 - Fishes And Invertebrate Chordates... Invertebrate Chordates Lancelets Filter feed and spend most of their time buried in the sand. Only 2 invertebrate chordates Tunicates

More information

deuterostomes eucoelomates pseudocoelomates acoelomate

deuterostomes eucoelomates pseudocoelomates acoelomate deuterostomes Mollusca Arthropoda Echinodermata Hemichordata Chordata eucoelomates Annelida Rotifera Platyhelminthes Nematoda acoelomate pseudocoelomates Phylum Hemichordata Share characteristics with

More information

Chapter 35. Table of Contents. Section 1 Mollusca. Section 2 Annelida. Mollusks and Annelids

Chapter 35. Table of Contents. Section 1 Mollusca. Section 2 Annelida. Mollusks and Annelids Mollusks and Annelids Table of Contents Section 1 Mollusca Section 2 Annelida Section 1 Mollusca Objectives Describe the key characteristics of mollusks. Describe the body plan of mollusks. Name the characteristics

More information

Vertebrate Animals. DOMAIN- Eukarya KINGDOM- Animalia PHYLUM- Chordata SUBPHYLUM- Vertebrata CLASS- 7 different»orders- 10 Placental mammals

Vertebrate Animals. DOMAIN- Eukarya KINGDOM- Animalia PHYLUM- Chordata SUBPHYLUM- Vertebrata CLASS- 7 different»orders- 10 Placental mammals Vertebrate Animals DOMAIN- Eukarya KINGDOM- Animalia PHYLUM- Chordata SUBPHYLUM- Vertebrata CLASS- 7 different»orders- 10 Placental mammals Characteristics of ALL vertebrates Backbone Endoskeleton Distinct

More information

Basic mollusc body plan

Basic mollusc body plan Phylum Mollusca Phylum Mollusca 3 embryonic germ layers true coelom complete gut second largest phylum of animals, around 100,000 species mainly aquatic, but some terrestrial species Basic mollusc body

More information

Unit 19.2: Fish. Vocabulary fish spawning swim bladder

Unit 19.2: Fish. Vocabulary fish spawning swim bladder Unit 19.2: Fish Lesson Objectives Describe structure and function in fish. Explain how fish reproduce and develop. Give an overview of the five living classes of fish. Summarize the evolution of fish.

More information

Chordates. Chapter 23

Chordates. Chapter 23 Chordates Chapter 23 Phylum Chordata By the end of the Cambrian period, 540 million years ago, an astonishing variety of animals inhabited Earth s oceans. One of these types of animals gave rise to vertebrates,

More information

Figure 33.25a Free-living nematode

Figure 33.25a Free-living nematode Figure 33.25a Free-living nematode Bilateraly symmetrical Pseudocoelomates Body covered with secreated, flexible cuticle. No cilia Only longitudinal muscles. No protonephridia Muscular pharynx Gonochoristic

More information

BIOLOGY. An Introduction to Invertebrates CAMPBELL. Reece Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson

BIOLOGY. An Introduction to Invertebrates CAMPBELL. Reece Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson CAMPBELL BIOLOGY TENTH EDITION Reece Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson 33 An Introduction to Invertebrates Lecture Presentation by Nicole Tunbridge and Kathleen Fitzpatrick Deuterostomia Metazoa Eumetazoa

More information

1. Overview of Chordates

1. Overview of Chordates Chapter 34A: The Origin & Evolution of Vertebrates I 1. Overview of the Chordates 2. Invertebrate Chordates 1. Overview of Chordates Echinodermata ANCESTRAL DEUTEROSTOME NOTOCHORD Common ancestor of chordates

More information

Phylum Mollusca. Soft-bodied animals. Internal or external shell. Include snails, slugs, clams, squids and octopi

Phylum Mollusca. Soft-bodied animals. Internal or external shell. Include snails, slugs, clams, squids and octopi Phylum Mollusca Soft-bodied animals Internal or external shell Include snails, slugs, clams, squids and octopi Trochophore: free-swimming larval stage of an aquatic mollusk True coeloms Have complex organ

More information

Unit 18.2: Mollusks and Annelids

Unit 18.2: Mollusks and Annelids Unit 18.2: Mollusks and Annelids Lesson Objectives Describe invertebrates in the phylum Mollusca. Summarize the characteristics of annelids. Vocabulary Annelida deposit feeder gills heart mantle Mollusca

More information

Protostomes vs Deuterostomes. Phylum Mollusca

Protostomes vs Deuterostomes. Phylum Mollusca Protostomes vs Deuterostomes Animals that have a true coelom and complete digestive system can be divided into two main groups. This division is based on the way their embryos develop and the way in which

More information

Chapter 34A: The Origin & Evolution of Vertebrates I. 1. Overview of the Chordates 2. Invertebrate Chordates

Chapter 34A: The Origin & Evolution of Vertebrates I. 1. Overview of the Chordates 2. Invertebrate Chordates Chapter 34A: The Origin & Evolution of Vertebrates I 1. Overview of the Chordates 2. Invertebrate Chordates 1. Overview of Chordates Echinodermata Phylogeny of ANCESTRAL DEUTEROSTOME NOTOCHORD Common ancestor

More information

Aquatic vertebrates that are characterized by:

Aquatic vertebrates that are characterized by: Aquatic vertebrates that are characterized by: Paired fins Used for movement Scales Used for protection Gills Used for exchanging gases Fishes were the first vertebrates to evolve The evolution of jaws

More information

Kingdom Animalia. Lab Exercise 23. Objectives. Introduction

Kingdom Animalia. Lab Exercise 23. Objectives. Introduction Lab Exercise Kingdom Animalia Objectives - Be able to recognize and name the major groups of animals - Be able to identify key characteristics that separate animal taxa - Be able to use a dichotomous key

More information

Monterey Bay Aquarium Fieldtrip Worksheet

Monterey Bay Aquarium Fieldtrip Worksheet Attach ticket stub here. Name: Class: B11 or B3A Lab day & time: Monterey Bay Aquarium Fieldtrip Worksheet General Information Address: 886 Cannery Row Monterey, California 93940 Hours: 10am 6pm (May vary

More information

Outline 15: Paleozoic Life

Outline 15: Paleozoic Life Outline 15: Paleozoic Life The Evolution of Vertebrates: Fish and Amphibians Phylum Chordata All chordates have a dorsal nerve cord. Chordates with vertebrae are the vertebrates. The vertebrae surround

More information

Outline 15: Paleozoic Life. The Evolution of Vertebrates: Fish and Amphibians

Outline 15: Paleozoic Life. The Evolution of Vertebrates: Fish and Amphibians Outline 15: Paleozoic Life The Evolution of Vertebrates: Fish and Amphibians Phylum Chordata All chordates have a dorsal nerve cord. Chordates with vertebrae are the vertebrates. The vertebrae surround

More information

Specimen Collection and Classification Activity

Specimen Collection and Classification Activity Specimen Collection and Classification Activity Understanding the classification of animals is an important building block of science education, yet most adults cannot tell you how to group the most common

More information

Copyright 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Urochordata (tunicates) Cephalochordata (lancelets) Myxini (hagfishes) Petromyzontiformes (lampreys) Chondrichthyes (sharks, rays) Actinopterygii (ray-finned fish) Actinistia (coelacanths) Dipnoi (lungfishes)

More information

Mollusks- soft bodied

Mollusks- soft bodied Mollusks- soft bodied Objectives Understand the taxonomic relationships and major features of mollusks Learn the external and internal anatomy of the clam and squid Understand the major advantages and

More information