Kingdom Animalia part 2.notebook. April 08, The fun continues... Kingdom Animalia

Transcription

1 The fun continues Kingdom Animalia 1

2 2

3 Joint legged animals (arthropoda) found from the bottom of the ocean to high above the Earth's surface included insects, arachnid, and crustacean hard external cuticle, acts as a exoskeleton(made of chitin) strongly developed jaws legs divided into moveable segments connected by joints segmentedbody head, thorax, abdomen open circulatory systems 3

4 Body Development all animals, except for sponge and cnidarians have three layers of germ cells three layers differentiate in embryo to form different organs and tissues 1. ectoderm (outer layer) 2. mesoderm (middle layer) 3. endoderm (inner layer) forms muscles, circulatory system, skeletal system, and reproductive system forms nervous system and skin forms lining of gut and respiratory tracts, bladder, liver, and pancreas 4

5 Coelom present in all animals evolved after the flatworm (from annelids onward) fluid filled body cavity that holds the digestive tract and other organs allows for development of more complex organ systems in more advanced species the coelom is subdivided into separate cavities around the heart and lungs, as well as around digestive tract 5

6 Chordata at some point in their life history, all chordates have: 1. a dorsal nerve cord 2. a notochord, rod of cartilage, that runs the dorsal length of the body usually replaced by backbone of cartilage or bone 3. gill slits in the pharynx, or throat in terrestrial vertebrates, these are usually only present in embryo mostly invertebrate but two types of invertebrates 6

7 Urochordata (tunicates) sea squirts squat, thick walled organisms that live on the ocean floor have a protective layer, ' tunic', that covers their bodies Cephalochordata (lancelets) small marine animals look like a two edged surgical knife, lancet 7

8 vertebrates specialized segments notochord arthropoda annelids echinodermata segmentation molluscs coelom platyhelminthes organs cnidaria tissues sponge multicellular single celled organisms to animals 8

9 Vertebrate Chordates 1. Agnathans (jawless fish) oldest group of vertebrates widespread million years ago but now only consist of ~60 species of lampreys and hagfish, smooth tube shaped fish scavengers or parasites most likely evolved from invertebrate chordate (lancelot or tunicate) ancestors to fishes with jaws 9

10 the species coelacanth, a lobe finned fish, took the first steps from sea to land 10

11 2. Gnathostomata (jawed chordates) with jaws therefore have a much wider range of possible food can be active predators, capturing and killing prey have a more detailed record because bones in vertebrates are more readily preserved includes two aquatic classes, chondrichthytes (cartilaginous fishes) and osteichthyes (bony fishes) and four classes of Vertebra that evolved on land 1. amphibia 2. reptilia 3. aves (birds) 4. mammalia 11

12 Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fishes) 12

13 Osteichthyes (bony fish) 13

14 Amphibia 14

15 Reptilia 15

16 Aves 16

17 Kingdom Animalia part 2.notebook animals/octopus and squid/octopus_giant_kills_shark/ Mammalia 17

18 Around the World Osteichthyes Chondrichthyes Amphibia Reptilia Avia Mammalia 18

19 ancestral chordates Cephalochordata (lancelets) Urochordata (tunicates) Agnatha (jawless fish) Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fishes) Osteichthyes (bony fish) Amphibia Reptilia Aves (birds) Mammalia limbs amnion mammary glands, hair lungs jaws feathers vertebrae 19