Figure 1: Chordate Characteristics
|
|
- Franklin Mathews
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 I. General Chordate Characteristics Chordates are distinguished as a group by the presence of four embryonic features that may persist into adulthood in some species, but disappear as development progresses in most others: Figure 1: Chordate Characteristics a) Notochord: describes a rigid, fluid-filled rod running along the dorsal (back) surface of the developing embryo. This structure serves in structural support. In some primitive chordates, the notochord persists into adulthood, but in most chordates it disappears (gives rise to the disks between the vertebrae of the backbone). b) Dorsal, Hollow Nerve Chord: long, hollow tube above the notochord that forms from the infolding of the ectoderm along the embryo s dorsal surface (see figure 2). Develops into the central nervous system (brain & spinal cord). Figure 2: Neurulation: Formation of Dorsal, Hollow Nerve Cord
2 c) Pharyngeal Gill Slits: can give rise to the following structures as development progresses: Filter-feeding devices in some aquatic chordates Gills in aquatic vertebrate-chordates (chordates with a backbone) Inner-ear bones (hammer, anvil, & stirrup) of terrestrial vertebrate-chordates. d) Muscular, Postanal Tail: extends beyond the anus; may be retained into adulthood to function in the propulsion of the animal in aquatic environments or helping to maintain balance while walking or running in land animals. II. Craniate & Vertebrate Chordates Craniates are all chordates w/a skull or Cranium. Evolution of a skull led to the formation of related structures (teeth, jaws, etc) that allowed members of this group to pursue a predatory lifestyle. A unique feature 1 st seen in craniate chordates are Neural Crest Cells that form during neurulation & give rise to the following structures: a) Facial bones of the cranium, & the teeth. b) Facial dermis & the cranial nerves. Figure 3: Neurulation: Neural Crest Cells Neurulation Dorsal Hollow Nerve Cord Neural Crest Cell Fates Vertebrates are all chordates w/a cranium that also possess a backbone. Vertebrates exhibit all characteristics of chordates & craniates as well as the following features: a) Exhibit a high degree of cephalization (brain + sensory structures associated with ears, nose, eyes, etc). Extensive cephalization allows for a greater processing of sensory information in order to more rapidly respond to changes in the environment, increasing the likelihood of survival.
3 b) Possess an Axial Skeleton composed of the cranium & vertebrae serves to protect the brain & spinal cord & provides the main support structure for central trunk of the body. The axial skeleton may be associated with an Appendicular Skeleton supporting 2 pairs of appendages (legs, fins, etc). *Axial skeleton: skull & vertebral column **Appendicular Skeleton: 2 pairs of fins (pectoral & caudal) c) The skeleton is composed of bone &/or cartilage; living cells within the nonliving matrix of bone allows the vertebrate skeleton to grow with the animal. d) Possess a Closed Circulatory System that exhibits the following characteristics: Chambered heart (2, 3, or 4) that pumps blood through a series of vessels. The blood is oxygenated as it passes through gills or lungs. Since it is confined to a vessel network, the blood is under pressure as it flows through the vascular system, allowing for the rapid exchange of nutrients & wastes with body tissue. This promotes a more rapid metabolism which, in turn, can support a more active (predatory) lifestyle. III. Vertebrate Diversity Figure 4: Agnathans: Jawless Fish Lampreys Hagfish
4 Agnathans describe fish that lack true hinged jaws. Modern representative of this group are rare & include: a) Hagfish: cartilaginous skeleton lacking a vertebral column. Thus the notochord persists as the main axial skeleton. Lacks paired appendages & are thus not agile swimmers. b) Lampreys: external parasites w/cartilaginous skeletons. Notochord is surrounded by a cartilaginous pipe from which extend pairs of cartilaginous projections that partially enclose the nerve chord (may be a vestige of an early stage in the evolution of the vertebral column). Like hagfish, lampreys lack paired appendages. Jawed-Fish (Gnathostomes) Gnathostomes are fish & all other vertebrates that possess hinged jaws. The first jaws evolved from the modification of the skeletal rods or gill arches that supporting the gill slits. The remaining gill slits, no longer required for suspension feeding, remained as the major sites of respiratory gas exchange. Figure 5: Jaw Evolution Gnathostomes exhibit 2 major evolutionary breakthroughs that enabled them to out-compete & replace agnathans. a) Jaws, in conjunction with teeth, enabled these animals to grip food firmly & slice it up. Thus, gnathostomes were able to exploit food supplies that were unavailable to agnathans. b) Two sets of paired fins, along with the tail, enable gnathostome fish to maneuver accurately while swimming. This, coupled with the evolution of jaws, enabled these animals to become active predators. Gnathostomes: Cartilagenous Fish Gnathostomes include various classes of fishes. Two extant groups of fishes include the Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fish) & the Osteichthyes (bony fishes). Chondrichthyes include sharks & rays that exhibit the following characteristics: Table 1: Chondrichthyes vs Ostiechthyes Fish Skeleton Respiration Senses Buoyancy Nutrition Reproduction Chondrichtyes (sharks & rays) Cartilage Swim to pass water over gills Ostiechthyes (ray,lobed,lungfish) Bone Operculum & muscles pump water over gills Lateral line system, ampullae of Lorenzini Lateral line system Oils in liver decrease density & increase boyuancy Swim bladder adjusts density Mostly carnivorous Carnivorous or herbivorous Internal fertilization (oviparity, oviviparity, viviparous) External fertilization (oviparity)
5 Of all bony fish, Ray Finned Fish are the most numerous & possess fins supported by long flexible rays. Figure 6: Ray-Finned Fish Lobed Fined Fish & lungfish have a central appendage in their fins containing many bones and muscles. The fins are very flexible & potentially useful for supporting the body on land. Figure 6.1: Lobe-Finned Fish Tetrapods, or land vertebrates, are most likely descended from lungfish. Morphological evidence of this relationship includes the presence of tooth enamel & 4 similarly sized limbs that have a similar structure & position. Mitochondrial DNA analysis also supports a close evolutionary relationship. The two sets of paired appendages of ancestral lungfish were modified as legs that could support the animal on land. Include amphibians & amniotes. a) Amphibians: include frogs, salamanders & caecilians. Eggs lack a shell & dehydrate quickly in dry air. Fertilization is external in most species & eggs may develop directly in water or within either the male s or female s mouth, back, or stomach. Some species encase their egg masses into foam that resists desiccation. b) Amniotes: include birds, mammals, & reptiles. Evolved from a common amphibian ancestor & produce an egg with a shell that retains water & thus can be laid on dry land. In some amniotes the shell is calcareous whereas others produce leathery shells. Most mammals have dispensed with the shell, with the embryo implanting in the uterin wall.
6 Amniotic Egg Amniotes (reptiles, birds, & mammals) have specialized Extraembryonic Membranes within the amniotic egg. These structures function in gas exchange, waste storage, & the transfer of stored nutrients to the developing embryo. a) Chorion: outermost extraembryonic membrane. Together with the membrane of the allantois, the chorion aids in gas exchanges gas between the embryo & surrounding air, which diffuses freely through the shell. b) Amnion: encloses the embryo in a fluid-filled amniotic cavity that protects against desiccation & cushions against mechanical shock. c) Yolk Sac: contains stored nutrients that are delivered to the embryo by blood vessels that service this sac. d) Allantois: stores metabolic wastes produced by the embryo. Figure 7: Amniotic Egg Figure 8: Vertebrate Survivorship Curves Type I (K-strategy): most newborns survive, with the oldest individuals dying at the highest rate (e.g elephants). Type II (K-strategy): individuals of all ages die at the same rate (e.g. songbirds). Type III (R-strategy): most newborns die, with the oldest surviving at the highest rate (e.g. fish, amphibians).
Biol Echinoderms & Chordates. But first a few words about Development
Biol 1309 Echinoderms & Chordates 1 But first a few words about Development Blastula- zygote first develops into a hollow ball of cells Deuterostome - mouth second Protostome - mouth first Cleavage - describes
More informationAnimal Evolution: Chordate and Vertebrate Evolution and Diversity (Learning Outline)
Animal Evolution: Chordate and Vertebrate Evolution and Diversity (Learning Outline) 1. Distinguishing features of the phylum Chordata and representative organisms. 2. Highlights of evolutionary steps
More informationAP Biology - Zimmerman Guided Reading Chapter 34
AP Biology - Zimmerman Guided Reading Chapter 34 1. List the four characteristics of the members of the Phylum Chordata. Name 1. 2. 3. 4. 2. Define the following terms: a. notochord b. Dorsal nerve cord
More informationClimate Researchers Feeling Heat. By Juliet Eilperin Washington Post Staff Writer Thursday, April 6, 2006; A27
Biology 2010 April 19, 2006 Readings - From Text (Campbell et al. Biology, 7 th ed.) Chapter 34 pp. 671-707. Climate Researchers Feeling Heat. By Juliet Eilperin Washington Post Staff Writer Thursday,
More informationChapter 12 Marine Fishes
Chapter 12 Marine Fishes Marine Protochordates Phylum: Chordata (nerve cord) Subphylum: Protochordata first chordates/primitive Primitive species of marine vertebrates Do not have advanced features (backbone)
More informationPHYLUM CHORDATA: Subphylum vertebrata
PHYLUM CHORDATA: Subphylum vertebrata There are three basic characteristics that distinguish Phylum Chordata from all other animal phyla: The presence of a flexible, rod-like, internal supporting structure
More informationBody Plan of the Chordates. Notochord, dorsal hollow nerve cord, pharyngeal gill slits, blocks of muscle, post-anal tail
Chordata The Major Groups Invertebrate Chordates Fishes Class: Agnatha Class Condrichthyes Class Osteichthyes Class: Amphibia Class: Reptilia Class: Aves Class: Mammalia Body Plan of the Chordates Notochord,
More informationFebruary 17, Unit 2. Biodiversity. Chordata, the vertebrates
Unit 2 Biodiversity Chordata, the vertebrates Phylum Chordata Examples: Sea squirts, fish, birds, dinosaurs, humans. General characteristics: 1. Bilaterally symmetrical 2. Coelomate 3. One way digestive
More informationFishes and Amphibians Objectives
Fishes and Amphibians Objectives List the four common body parts of chordates. Describe the two main characteristics of vertebrates. Explain the difference between an ectotherm and an endotherm. Describe
More informationBIOLOGY 11 CHORDATES
BIOLOGY 11 CHORDATES All chordates share 4 general characteristics: 1. Notochord a dorsal supporting rod located below the nerve cord toward the back in vertebrates, the embryonic notochord is replaced
More informationUnit 19.2: Fish. Vocabulary fish spawning swim bladder
Unit 19.2: Fish Lesson Objectives Describe structure and function in fish. Explain how fish reproduce and develop. Give an overview of the five living classes of fish. Summarize the evolution of fish.
More informationFigure 33.25a Free-living nematode
Figure 33.25a Free-living nematode Bilateraly symmetrical Pseudocoelomates Body covered with secreated, flexible cuticle. No cilia Only longitudinal muscles. No protonephridia Muscular pharynx Gonochoristic
More informationFishes are vertebrates that have characteristics allowing them to live and reproduce in water.
Section 1: are vertebrates that have characteristics allowing them to live and reproduce in water. K What I Know W What I Want to Find Out L What I Learned Essential Questions What are the features of
More informationSlide 1 of 64. End Show Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall. End Show Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall. Respiration. Slide 5 of 64
33-3 Form and Function in Chordates Chordates Vertebrate organ systems exhibit a wide range of complexity. This is seen in the different ways that vertebrates feed, breathe, respond, move, and reproduce.
More informationBiology 11. Phylum Chordata: Subphylum Vertebrata: The Fishys
Biology 11 Phylum Chordata: Subphylum Vertebrata: The Fishys Phylum Chordata is typically divided into four subphyla: Higher Chordates We are going to spend the next few classes talking about the Subphylum
More informationAquatic vertebrates that are characterized by:
Aquatic vertebrates that are characterized by: Paired fins Used for movement Scales Used for protection Gills Used for exchanging gases Fishes were the first vertebrates to evolve The evolution of jaws
More informationIs a seahorse a fish, amphibian, or reptile? FISH
Ch. 30 Loulousis Is a seahorse a fish, amphibian, or reptile? FISH Vertebral Column (Endoskeleton) Gills Single-loop circulation Kidneys Also share all the characteristics of chordates such as notochord,
More informationChordates 1. Biology 2
Chordates 1 Biology 2 Kingdom Animals Eukaryotic Multicellular - Many cell types Heterotrophic Feed by ingestion No cell walls Diploid life cycle Phylogenetic Tree Deuterostome Bilateral Symmetry 3 tissues
More informationInvertebrate Chordates
Invertebrate Chordates Chapter 11.2 - Fishes And Invertebrate Chordates... Invertebrate Chordates Lancelets Filter feed and spend most of their time buried in the sand. Only 2 invertebrate chordates Tunicates
More informationPhylum Chordata (Focus will be on Subphylum Vertebrata) Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata
Phylum Chordata (Focus will be on Subphylum Vertebrata) Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata - All members have three basic characteristics: 1) a hollow dorsal nerve cord, - spinal cord has small fluid fill
More information1. Overview of Chordates
Chapter 34A: The Origin & Evolution of Vertebrates I 1. Overview of the Chordates 2. Invertebrate Chordates 1. Overview of Chordates Echinodermata ANCESTRAL DEUTEROSTOME NOTOCHORD Common ancestor of chordates
More informationChapter 39. Table of Contents. Section 1 Introduction to Vertebrates. Section 2 Jawless and Cartilaginous Fishes. Section 3 Bony Fishes.
Fishes Table of Contents Section 1 Introduction to Vertebrates Section 2 Jawless and Cartilaginous Fishes Section 3 Bony Fishes Section 1 Introduction to Vertebrates Objectives Identify the distinguishing
More informationKingdom Animalia part 2.notebook. April 08, The fun continues... Kingdom Animalia
The fun continues....... Kingdom Animalia 1 2 Joint legged animals (arthropoda) found from the bottom of the ocean to high above the Earth's surface included insects, arachnid, and crustacean hard external
More informationFISHES. Agnatha Chondrichthyes Osteichthyes
FISHES Agnatha Chondrichthyes Osteichthyes General Characteristics! Ectothermic! Vertebrates! Have scales! Swim with fins! Almost all exclusively aquatic! Filter oxygen from water over gills Classes of
More informationOutline 15: Paleozoic Life
Outline 15: Paleozoic Life The Evolution of Vertebrates: Fish and Amphibians Phylum Chordata All chordates have a dorsal nerve cord. Chordates with vertebrae are the vertebrates. The vertebrae surround
More informationOutline 15: Paleozoic Life. The Evolution of Vertebrates: Fish and Amphibians
Outline 15: Paleozoic Life The Evolution of Vertebrates: Fish and Amphibians Phylum Chordata All chordates have a dorsal nerve cord. Chordates with vertebrae are the vertebrates. The vertebrae surround
More informationLecture Notes Chapter 14
Lecture Notes Chapter 14 I. Chordata- phylum A. 3 subphyla 1. Urochordata 2. Cephalochordata 3. Vertebrata II. Characteristics of all Chordates (found during some part of the life cycle) A. All have a
More informationChordates. Bởi: OpenStaxCollege
Chordates Bởi: OpenStaxCollege Vertebrates are members of the kingdom Animalia and the phylum Chordata ([link]). Recall that animals that possess bilateral symmetry can be divided into two groups protostomes
More informationBiology. Slide 1 of 53. End Show. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Biology 1 of 53 Chapter 33 Comparing Chordates 2 of 53 This chapter is a good revision of the material we saw during Unit III. 3 of 53 4 of 53 Controlling Body Temperature The control of body temperature
More informationChapter 10. Part 1: Cartilaginous Fishes
Chapter 10 Part 1: Cartilaginous Fishes Objectives Understand how hagfishes and lampreys differ from all other fishes. Describe how sharks, skates, and rays are related. Differentiate between cartilaginous
More informationChapter 34A: The Origin & Evolution of Vertebrates I. 1. Overview of the Chordates 2. Invertebrate Chordates
Chapter 34A: The Origin & Evolution of Vertebrates I 1. Overview of the Chordates 2. Invertebrate Chordates 1. Overview of Chordates Echinodermata Phylogeny of ANCESTRAL DEUTEROSTOME NOTOCHORD Common ancestor
More informationPhylum Chordata Featuring Vertebrate Animals
Phylum Chordata Featuring Vertebrate Animals Prepared by Diana C. Wheat For Linn-Benton Community College Characteristics All have a notochord: a stiff but flexible rod that extends the length of the body
More informationBI 101: Chordate Animals & Biodiversity
BI 101: Chordate Animals & Biodiversity Final Exam tomorrow Announcements Same time, same place Review Mary s Peak biodiversity results Lab 10 today 1 Deuterostome Development 2 Phylum Chordata Contains
More informationVERTEBRATE EVOLUTION & DIVERSITY
VERTEBRATE EVOLUTION & DIVERSITY 1 ANIMAL DIVERSITY No true tissues Ancestral protist True tissues Radial symmetry True Animals Bilateral symmetry Bilateral Animals Deuterostomes Lophotrochophores Ecdysozoans
More informationBiology 11 - Chapter 31 Assignment
Name: Class: Date: Biology 11 - Chapter 31 Assignment True/False Indicate whether the statement is true or false. 1. Echinoderms exhibit their invertebrate heritage by their hard exoskeletons made of calcium
More informationCopyright 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
Urochordata (tunicates) Cephalochordata (lancelets) Myxini (hagfishes) Petromyzontiformes (lampreys) Chondrichthyes (sharks, rays) Actinopterygii (ray-finned fish) Actinistia (coelacanths) Dipnoi (lungfishes)
More informationFish Dissection. Background
Fish Dissection The Fish Dissection program at Hatfield Marine Science Center is a 50-minute hands-on program for 4th through 12th grade students. Students will work in small groups as they examine a variety
More informationInternal Anatomy of Fish
Internal Anatomy of Fish The Systems of a Fish Skeletal System Muscular System Respiratory System Digestive System Circulatory System Nervous System Reproductive System Special Organs Skeletal System
More informationThe Animal Kingdom. The Chordates
The Animal Kingdom The Chordates Phylum Hemichordata Hemichordata (hemi = half; chordata= cord) acorn worm entirely marine adults show 3 of 4 basic characteristics: 1) pharyngial pouches 2) dorsal tubular
More informationWhat is a Fish? Fishes are aquatic vertebrates. Most fishes have paired fins, scales, and gills.
What is a Fish? Fishes are aquatic vertebrates. Most fishes have paired fins, scales, and gills. Feeding and Digestion Every mode of feeding is seen in fish herbivores, carnivores, parasites, filter feeders,
More informationAnimal Diversity. Kingdom Animalia
7ch11 Animal Diversity Kingdom Animalia Animal Characteristics 1. animals are eukaryotes and are multicellular 2. cells are specialized for different functions (vision,digestion,reproduction) 3. protein,
More informationChordates. Chapter 23
Chordates Chapter 23 Phylum Chordata By the end of the Cambrian period, 540 million years ago, an astonishing variety of animals inhabited Earth s oceans. One of these types of animals gave rise to vertebrates,
More informationAnimals II: The Chordates
Animals II: The Chordates Phylum : Chordata Subphylum: Urochordata: Tunicates Cephalochordata: Lancelets Vertebrata: Vertebrates Chordate Characteristics Bilaterally symmetrical, coelomate animals Complete
More informationTaxonomy of Fishes. Chapter 18. I. SuperClass Agnatha. A. Class Myxini. Kingdom Animalia. The Fishes
Taxonomy of Fishes Chapter 18 The Fishes Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata SuperClass Agnatha - jawless fish Class Chondrichthyes - cartilagenous fish Class Osteichthyes - bony fish I. SuperClass Agnatha
More informationSymmetry. Asymmetrical- no shape. Radial- same in half when cut any angle. Bilateral- having a distinct right and left side
Symmetry Asymmetrical- no shape Radial- same in half when cut any angle Bilateral- having a distinct right and left side Invertebrates 95% of Animals No Backbone The simplest animals and they do not have
More informationPhylum Chordata. Chief characteristics (some are embryonic):
Phylum Chordata Vertebrates, sea squirts or tunicates, lancelets such as Amphioxus. Name: "Chord" means "string," referring to the nerve cord and/or notochord. Geologic range: Cambrian to Holocene. Mode
More informationClassification. Phylum Chordata
AP Biology Chapter 23 Exercise #17: Chordates: Urochordata & Cephalochordata Lab Guide Chordates show remarkable diversity. Most are vertebrates. All animals that belong to this phylum MUST, at some point
More informationClass Osteichthyes. Bony Fish
Class Osteichthyes Bony Fish General Characteristics of Class internal skeleton ossified (turned to bone) Paired fins made of rays and spines, or lobed fins swim bladder or lung present bony scales (ganoid,
More informationFI F SH A ND F I F SHES E SUBPHYLUM VERTEBRATA
FISH AND FISHES SUBPHYLUM VERTEBRATA 24,600 LIVING SPECIES FUN FACTS THAT S MORE THAN TERRESTRIAL ANIMALS! EARTH IS 70% WATER BUT LESS THAN.1% OF THE WATER ON THE PLANET IS FRESHWATER 41% OF FISH SPECIES
More informationThe Deuterostomes and the rise of the Vertebrates: from Echinoderms to Man
The Deuterostomes and the rise of the Vertebrates: from Echinoderms to Man 1 The Deuterostomes Calcarea and Silicea Cnidaria Lophotrochozoa Ecdysozoa Deuterostomia 2 The Ancestral Deuterostome Bilateral
More informationKingdom Animalia. Eukaryotic Multicellular Heterotrophs Lack Cell Walls
Kingdom Animalia Eukaryotic Multicellular Heterotrophs Lack Cell Walls Must do: Feed, Respiration, Circulation, Excretion, Response, Movement, and Reproduction Symmetry Asymmetrical- no shape Radial- same
More informationLecture 3 - Early Fishes
Lecture 3 - Early Fishes 1. Early Chordates 2. Conodonts 3. Early Vertebrates 4. Jawless fishes 5. Agnatha/ Gnathostomes junction 6. Placoderms 7. Chondrichthyes Cephalochordates (lancelets) Early Chordates
More informationFish. Water Dwelling Animals
Fish Water Dwelling Animals Class Agnatha (Jawless fish) They are believed to be the most primitive and oldest vertebrates. Lamprey and hagfish are the only 2 living members of this class and are placed
More informationFigure Figure Phylum Chordata. Possess a dorsal, tubular nerve cord Notochord Pharyngeal gill slits Postanal tail
Figure 17.2 Figure 18.3 Phylum Chordata Possess a dorsal, tubular nerve cord Notochord Pharyngeal gill slits Postanal tail 1 Other Characteristics of Phylum Chordata Bilateral symmetry Deuterostome, triploblastic,
More informationMarine Fishes. Chapter 8
Marine Fishes Chapter 8 Fish Gills The construction of the gill is the same in all fish gill arch supports the entire structure, gill rakers are on the forward surface of the gill arch and gill filaments
More informationDorsal hollow nerve chord that forms spinal cord and brain. VERTEBRATES [OVERVIEW - OVERHEAD, similar to fig. 19.1, p. 390]:
Phylum Chordata (44,000 species) Dorsal hollow nerve chord that forms spinal cord and brain Notochord at some stage of life cycle Gill slits at some point in life cycle VERTEBRATES [OVERVIEW - OVERHEAD,
More informationChapter 29 Echinoderms and Invertebrate Chordates. Section Echinoderms. I. What Is An Echinoderm? 11/1/2010. Biology II Mrs.
Chapter 29 Echinoderms and Invertebrate Chordates Section 29.1 - Echinoderms Biology II Mrs. Michaelsen I. What Is An Echinoderm? A. Move by means of hydraulic, suction cuptipped appendages. B. Skin covered
More informationClass Polychaeta: Marine Worms
Class Polychaeta: Marine Worms Animal Phyla Phylum Mollusca (Snails, Clams, Octopods and Allies): Radula: rasping tongue Shell: 3 layers, mostly calcium carbonate Inner-most = nacre = mother of pearl Mantle:
More informationCourse: Biology 211 Iowa State University
Leader: Elizabeth Supplemental Instruction Course: Biology 211 Iowa State University Instructor: Dr. Deitloff Date: 2/27/14 Exam 2: Chapters 31 through 34 and information from guest lecturer 50 questions
More information2/17/2017. Lec. 11: Ch. 32 Deuterostomes
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Lec. 11: Ch. 32 Deuterostomes Deuterostomes Radial cleavage Indeterminant blastomeres Blastopore becomes anus Coelom forms by outpouching of the gut (enterocoelous) Phylum Echinodermata
More information5/3/15. Vertebrate Evolution Traces a Long and Diverse History. Construction of Complex Chordate Bodies Begins on a Stiffening Scaffold
Construction of Complex Chordate Bodies Begins on a Stiffening Scaffold Chordata is the most advanced animal phylum. All chordates have, at some time during development, a notochord. Both invertebrate
More information[Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document. Type the abstract of the document
[Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document. Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of
More informationdeuterostomes eucoelomates pseudocoelomates acoelomate
deuterostomes Mollusca Arthropoda Echinodermata Hemichordata Chordata eucoelomates Annelida Rotifera Platyhelminthes Nematoda acoelomate pseudocoelomates Phylum Hemichordata Share characteristics with
More informationPerch Dissection Lab
Name: Block: Due Date: Perch Dissection Lab Background The fish in the class Osteichthyes have bony skeletons. There are three groups of the bony fish: ray-finned, lobe-finned, and the lungfish. The perch
More informationChapter 25: Fishes 1
Chapter 25: Fishes 1 2 Jawless Fishes (Agnatha) Cartilaginous Fishes (Chondrichthyes) Bony Fishes (Osteichthyes) Lamprey Whale shark Scorpion fish 3 Gills Single-loop Blood Circulation Vertebral column
More informationReadings in Chapter 2, 3, and 7.
Early Vertebrates Readings in Chapter 2, 3, and 7. Using the Tree of Life Web Project www.tolweb.org org A project to put the entire tree of life, a phylogeny of all life, on the web. Biologists world-wide
More informationchordates (S3.O1.d / S3.O2.e)
Comparing invertebrates and Vocab Chap 29 & 33 chordates (S3.O1.d / S3.O2.e) 1. Radial symmetry 2. Bilateral symmetry 3. Cephalization 4. Coelom 5. Intracellular digestion 6. Extracellular digestion 7.
More informationArthropods, Echinoderms, and Chordates
Arthropods, Echinoderms, and Chordates Bi 10 10/22/2013 Revised Schedule Friday, Nov. 22: Chapter 17, Part 2 Chapter 15, 16 Reading Quiz Due Wednesday, Nov. 27: Special Lecture: Review + World s Weirdest
More informationClass XI Chapter 4 Animal Kingdom Biology
Chapter 4 Animal Kingdom Question 1: What are the difficulties that you would face in classification of animals, if common fundamental features are not taken into account? For the classification of living
More informationOrigin and Importance! ! Fish were the first vertebrates to appear on Earth about 500 million years ago.
2/9/14 Origin and Importance Evolution Marine Fish Fish were the first vertebrates to appear on Earth about 500 million years ago. Fish are the most economically important organism and are a vital source
More informationFISH ANATOMY DIAGRAM AND QUESTIONS
Name Block FISH ANATOMY DIAGRAM AND QUESTIONS External: 1. What percentage of fish are bony fish? 2. What is the operculum s function? 3. The nostrils are used for, not. 4. Which fins keeps the fish level
More informationFish Dissection Background
Fish Dissection Background Introduction Living things are similar to and different from each other. For example, when we look at the inside of a fish, we learn that the organ systems of fish are similar
More informationClass XI Chapter 4 Animal Kingdom Biology
Class XI Chapter 4 Animal Kingdom Biology Question 1: What are the difficulties that you would face in classification of animals, if common fundamental features are not taken into account? For the classification
More informationReference: Chapter Phylum Chordata! Part Two, Fish
Reference: Chapter 34.1-34.4 Phylum Chordata! Part Two, Fish 2 Clade Craniata v Evolution of a head (cranium) opened up a completely new way of feeding (for chordates): active predation v Craniates share
More informationThe Animals: Kingdom Animalia
The Animals: Kingdom Animalia Kingdom Animalia (Animals) What is an Animal? Zoology- The study of Animals General Characteristics of 1. Animals are multicellular and eukaryotic. Animals 2. Animals consume
More informationExercise 18B Class Chondrichthyes Cartilaginous Fishes
AP Biology Chapter 24 Exercise #18: Chordates: Fish Cartilaginous Fishes Lab Guide Exercise 18B Class Chondrichthyes Cartilaginous Fishes This group contains about 970 species that are characterized by
More informationFor this assignment, use the Chapter about Fish that is found on me website, NOT YOUR BOOK.
Name: For this assignment, use the Chapter about Fish that is found on me website, NOT YOUR BOOK. 1. Lampreys and hagfish lack (JAWS) and instead, have many rows of (TEETH ) 2. 3. The lamprey is a problem
More informationClass Myxini Order Myxiniformes Family Myxinidae (hagfishes)
Class Myxini Order Myxiniformes Family Myxinidae (hagfishes) Lacks jaws Mouth not disk-like barbels present Unpaired fins as continuous fin-fold Branchial skeleton not well developed Eyes degenerate 70-200
More informationWhat do animals do to survive?
What do animals do to survive? Section 26-1 All Animals have are carry out Eukaryotic cells with Heterotrophs Essential functions such as No cell walls Feeding Respiration Circulation Excretion Response
More informationMyxiniformes Petromyzontiformes Chondrichthyes Osteichthyes. Before we get to jaws, we need to know something about hard tissues.
Behold the Gnathostomata: gnathos (jaw) + stoma (mouth) Cephalochordata Urochordata Haikouella Myxiniformes Petromyzontiformes Chondrichthyes Osteichthyes jaws skull proto-vertebrae, true gills, two eyes,
More informationAnimal Kingdom: Comparative Anatomy
Invertebrate feeding and digestion Animal Kingdom: Comparative Anatomy Invertebrates can either have or digestion: meaning that food is digested each individual of the organism. Animals a digestive tract.
More informationFor this assignment, use the Chapter about Fish that is found on my website, NOT YOUR BOOK.
Name: For this assignment, use the Chapter about Fish that is found on my website, NOT YOUR BOOK. 1. Lampreys and hagfish lack (1) and instead, have many rows of (2) 2. 3. The lamprey is a problem because
More informationMarine Life. Fishes. Introductory Oceanography Ray Rector - Instructor
Marine Life Fishes Introductory Oceanography Ray Rector - Instructor MARINE FISHES - Main Concepts 1) Fishes are the oldest group of vertebrates 2) Fish inhabit virtually every marine habitat worldwide
More informationDead Perch Parts. ACADEMIC STANDARDS: 4 th Grade B. Know that living things are made up of parts that have specific functions.
Dead Perch Parts Fish Anatomy Adapted from: An original Creek Connections activity created from the Fish Anatomy model. Grade Level: Intermediate or advanced Duration: 30 minutes Setting: classroom Summary:
More informationNatural History of Vertebrates Lecture Notes Chapter 2 - Vertebrate Relationships and Basic Structure
Natural History of Vertebrates Lecture Notes Chapter 2 - Vertebrate Relationships and Basic Structure These notes are provided to help direct your study from the textbook. They are not designed to explain
More informationPhylum Chordata:
The Chordates: Putting a Backbone Into Spineless Animals Note: These links do not work. Use the links within the outline to access the mages in the popup windows. This text is the same as the scrolling
More informationLesson 27. Objectives: At the end of this lesson you should be able to:
Lesson 27 Lesson Outline: Evolution of Respiratory Mechanisms Cutaneous Exchange Evolution of Respiratory Mechanisms - Water Breathers o Origin of pharyngeal slits from corner of mouth o Origin of skeletal
More informationMarine Fish: Part 1 STUDENT NOTES Date:
Marine Fish: Part 1 STUDENT NOTES Date: Warm up Is fishes a real word? If so, what does it refer to? Animals are often divided into two groups: Invertebrate: soft-bodied organisms without backbones : all
More informationTeacher Resource Guide
Teacher Resource Guide By Liz Kreitinger Objective The object of this presentation is to create an understanding of the function and purpose of adaptations, while applying this concept to life under water.
More informationPerch Dissection Lab
Perch Dissection Lab Introduction: The fish in the class Osteichthyes have bony skeletons. There are three groups of the bony fish - -- ray-finned fish, lobe-finned fish, and the lung fish. The perch is
More informationThe Animal Kingdom: The Deuterostomes. Deuterostomes. Phylum Echinodermata 4/23/2012. Chapter 31. (bilateral ciliated larvae)
Porifera Porifera Cnidaria Cnidaria Ctenophora Ctenophora Platyhelminthes Platyhelminthes Nemerteans Nemerteans Nematoda Nematoda Rotifera Rotifera Tardigrada Tardigrada Onychophora Onychophora Arthropoda
More informationLecture 8 History of fishes
Lecture 8 History of fishes Ray Troll Picture = CARD SHARKS Structural Patterns and Trends in Diversification Fish subsumed (since Cope (1889) proposed - Agnatha - jawless fishes and Gnathostome lines
More informationSubphylum Urochordata Subphylum Cephalochordata Subphylum Vertebrata
Subphylum Urochordata Subphylum Cephalochordata Subphylum Vertebrata The most diverse of all vertebrates My research on fish * PhD Program (Oregon State University) Olfaction
More informationKingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata. The vertebrates and their relatives
Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata The vertebrates and their relatives Figure 23.02 Phylum Chordata 5 Characteristics of a chordate 1. A dorsal hollow nerve cord (spinal cord in vertebrates) 2. A notochord
More informationIntroduction. Learning About Vertebrates. Introduction
Introduction Introduction Welcome to a fantastic book devoted to a special group of animals called vertebrates. The animal kingdom is made up of more kinds of organisms (living things) than all of the
More informationMammalian systems. Chapter 3 Pages
Mammalian systems Chapter 3 Pages 75-103 Learning intentions To know that multicellular organisms exist from specialized cells To know how the respiratory system is specialized and organized and how a
More informationDogfish Shark Dissection Introduction 1. What are two reasons why spiny dogfish are used for study in laboratories?
Dogfish Shark Dissection Introduction 1. What are two reasons why spiny dogfish are used for study in laboratories? 2. Someone who studies fish is called an. 3. Sharks and fish belong to the Phylum a.
More informationCHAPTER 25 Early Tetrapods and Modern Amphibians
CHAPTER 25 Early Tetrapods and 25-1 Physical Adaptations: Oxygen content Movement Onto Land Oxygen is 20 times more abundant in air so terrestrial animals can obtain oxygen much more easily once they possess
More information/20 Lab #5 The Dissection of the Perch
/20 Lab #5 The Dissection of the Perch Perch are members of the class Osterichthyes, or bony fishes. They are found in many Canadian waters and are an excellent specimen of boney fish. Food enters the
More informationChapter 30 Nonvertebrate Chordates, Fishes, and Amphibians Name
Chapter 30 Nonvertebrate Chordates, Fishes, and Amphibians Name Lab Dissecting a Perch Background Information Fish are the largest group of vertebrates found in fresh and salt water. In fact, over 25,000
More information