BASELINE FISH COMMUNITY STUDY REPORT

Transcription

1 BASELINE FISH COMMUNITY STUDY REPORT BLALOCK HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT FERC NO Prepared for: Spartanburg Water System Spartanburg, South Carolina Prepared by: Lexington, South Carolina January 2016

2 BASELINE FISH COMMUNITY STUDY REPORT BLALOCK HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT FERC NO Prepared for: Spartanburg Water System Spartanburg, South Carolina Prepared by: Lexington, South Carolina January 2016

3 BASELINE FISH COMMUNITY STUDY REPORT BLALOCK HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT FERC NO SPARTANBURG WATER SYSTEM TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND INFORMATION GOALS AND OBJECTIVES METHODS RESULTS LAKE BLALOCK SEINING AND GILLNETTING LAKE BLALOCK BOAT ELECTROFISHING PACOLET RIVER BACKPACK ELECTROFISHING DISCUSSION LITERATURE CITED...19 LIST OF TABLES TABLE 1-1 FISH SPECIES DOCUMENTED IN THE PACOLET RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES...4 TABLE 4-1 TABLE 4-2 TABLE 4-3 TABLE 4-4 TABLE 4-5 TABLE 5-1 SUMMARY OF FISH COLLECTIONS ON SEPTEMBER 16, 2015 VIA SEINING AND GILLNETTING...10 RELATIVE ABUNDANCE AND SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS FOR FISH COLLECTED ON SEPTEMBER 16, 2015 VIA GILLNETTING...11 RELATIVE ABUNDANCE AND SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS FOR FISH COLLECTED ON SEPTEMBER 16, 2015, VIA 6 SEINE PULLS...11 SUMMARY OF FISH COLLECTIONS FROM THE UPPER, MIDDLE, AND LOWER SECTIONS OF LAKE BLALOCK ON JUNE 9, 2015 VIA BOAT ELECTROFISHING...12 RELATIVE ABUNDANCE, CATCH PER UNIT OF EFFORT, AND SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS FOR FISH COLLECTED IN UPPER, MIDDLE, AND LOWER SECTIONS OF LAKE BLALOCK ON JUNE 9, 2015 VIA BOAT ELECTROFISHING...13 SUMMARY OF FISH COLLECTIONS DOWNSTREAM OF LAKE BLALOCK VIA BACKPACK ELECTROFISHING...14 JANUARY i -

4 TABLE OF CONTENTS CONTINUED TABLE 5-2 RELATIVE ABUNDANCE (RA), SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS, AND CATCH PER UNIT OF EFFORT (CPUE) FOR FISH COLLECTED DOWNSTREAM OF LAKE BLALOCK VIA BACKPACK ELECTROFISHING...15 TABLE 6-1 FISH SPECIES COLLECTED IN LAKE BLALOCK AND THE DOWNSTREAM REACH...18 TABLE 6-2 CONSERVATION PRIORITY FISH SPECIES COLLECTED...19 TABLE OF FIGURES FIGURE 1-1 BLALOCK HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT LOCATION...3 FIGURE 3-1 LAKE BLALOCK FISH SAMPLING ZONES...7 FIGURE 3-2 LAKE BLALOCK FISH SAMPLING LOCATIONS...8 J:\1755\011\Docs\Study Reports\Final Draft Reports to Client \ Final reports\blalock Baseline Fish\Draft Blalock Baseline Fish Community Study Report.docx JANUARY ii -

5 BASELINE FISH COMMUNITY STUDY REPORT BLALOCK HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT FERC NO SPARTANBURG WATER SYSTEM 1.0 INTRODUCTION Spartanburg Water System (SWS) is seeking a license from the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) for the proposed Blalock Hydroelectric Project (Project), FERC Project No The proposed Project would use the existing Lake Blalock dam and reservoir, which are located on the Pacolet River in northwestern South Carolina approximately five miles north of the city of Spartanburg near the town of Cowpens (Figure 1-1). SWS proposes to construct a powerhouse, penstock, substation, and transmission tie to complete the necessary elements for the Project. SWS is seeking an original license for the Project, which involves cooperation and collaboration between SWS, as licensee, and a variety of stakeholders including state and Federal resource agencies, state and local government agencies, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and interested individuals. Collaboration and cooperation among these stakeholders is essential for identifying and evaluating operational, economic, and environmental issues associated with construction and operation of a new project. SWS has established the Spartanburg Water System Licensing Group (SWSLG), composed of interested stakeholders, with the objective of achieving consensus regarding the identification and proper treatment of these issues in the context of an original license. Following submittal of the Pre-Application Document (PAD), several SWSLG members, namely the South Carolina Department of Natural Resources (SCDNR) and the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), requested a baseline assessment of fish assemblages at the Project prior to installing hydropower facilities. 1.1 BACKGROUND INFORMATION Lake Blalock is a 1,105-acre drinking water reservoir owned and operated by SWS. The reservoir and the Pacolet River support a diverse warmwater fishery typical of the Piedmont of JANUARY

6 South Carolina. Lake Blalock supports recreational fisheries for largemouth bass, crappie, sunfish and catfish, among other species. Recent sampling efforts by SCDNR to support the South Carolina Stream Assessment documented more than 30 freshwater fish species in the Pacolet River basin and its primary tributaries (Table 1-1). Historically, the catadromous American eel and anadromous fish species, such as American shad, blueback herring, and striped bass, are thought to have historically occurred in the Pacolet River during seasonal migrations (Newcomb and Fuller 2001; Welch 2000). Currently, there are no documented populations of catadromous or anadromous species in the Pacolet River. JANUARY

7 FIGURE 1-1 BLALOCK HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT LOCATION JANUARY

8 TABLE 1-1 FISH SPECIES DOCUMENTED IN THE PACOLET RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES FAMILY SPECIES COMMON NAME Catostomidae Catostomus commersoni white sucker Moxostoma collapsum notchlip redhorse Scartomyzon rupiscartes striped jumprock Scartomyzon sp. brassy jumprock Centrarchidae Lepomis auritus redbreast sunfish Lepomis gulosus warmouth Lepomis macrochirus bluegill Lepomis microlophus redear sunfish Micropterus salmoides largemouth bass Pomoxis nigromaculatus black crappie Cyprinidae Clinostomus funduloides rosyside dace Cyprinella chloristia greenfin shiner Cyprinella nivea whitefin shiner Cyprinella pyrrhomelas fieryblack shiner Cyprinella zanema Santee chub Hybopsis hypsinotus highback chub Nocomis leptocephalus bluehead chub Notemigonus crysoleucas golden shiner Notropis chlorocephalus greenhead shiner Notropis hudsonius spottail shiner Notropis scepticus sandbar shiner Semotilus atromaculatus creek chub Ictaluridae Ameiurus natalis yellow bullhead Ameiurus nebulosus brown bullhead Ameiurus platycephalus flat bullhead Noturus insignis margined madtom Percidae Etheostoma olmstedi tessellated darter Etheostoma thalassinum seagreen darter Perca flavescens yellow perch Percina crassa Piedmont darter Poeciliidae Gambusia holbrooki eastern mosquitofish Source: SCDNR, SC Stream Assessment, Unpublished Data JANUARY

9 2.0 GOALS AND OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to characterize the current fish community in Lake Blalock and the reach of the Pacolet River downstream of the dam prior to developing hydropower at the site. Specific objectives included: development of a comprehensive list of species to characterize the diversity of the fish community in Lake Blalock and the Pacolet River; summarization of important population metrics that describe the local fish community, such as relative abundance and catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE); and identification of any species of conservation concern within the Project area or the area of Project influence: including state- or Federally-listed threatened and endangered species (or candidates for such listing), species that are considered Federal At-Risk species, invasive species, and species identified as conservation priorities in the South Carolina State Wildlife Action Plan. 3.0 METHODS Lake Blalock was divided into three zones for field sampling: upper, middle, and lower (Figure 3-1). Reservoir zones were then sampled via beach gillnetting, beach seining, and boat electrofishing as described below. One overnight gillnet sample was collected in both the middle and lower zones of Lake Blalock on September 16, 2015 (Figure 3-2). The upper zone could not be sampled during this event due to equipment failure. However, examination of the data from the lower and middle sites revealed similar species composition, thus we determined that a second event to sample the upper zone was not warranted. Gillnets were 100 feet long with 20-foot panels of 1-inch, 1½-inch, 2-inch, 2 ½-inch, and 3-inch bar mesh. Nets were set perpendicular to the bank with the 1-inch bar mesh closest to the bank and the 3-inch bar mesh in the deepest water. Collected fish were identified, measured (total length) and live fish were returned to the reservoir. Nighttime beach seining occurred after sundown on September 16, 2015 between 7:45 and 10:00 pm. Two quarter-haul beach seine samples were collected in each zone, for a total of 6 seine samples (Figure 3-2). One sample was collected on both the east and west banks within each JANUARY

10 zone in areas less than three feet deep. The seine used was a 25-foot straight seine with ¼-inch delta mesh. Collected fish were identified, measured (total length), and released. Fish not identified in the field were preserved in 70% ethanol and later identified in the laboratory. Boat electrofishing occurred during daytime hours on June 9, Two boat electrofishing samples were collected in each zone, for a total of 6 electrofishing samples. Samples were collected on both the east and west banks of each zone. For each sample, electrofishing was conducted over an approximately 150-yard-long area for a total of 15 minutes (900 seconds) of shocking time. Collected fish were identified, measured (total length), and released. Sufficient effort was expended at each station to cover all shallow microhabitats in an attempt to describe the fish community thoroughly. The downstream fish community was sampled via backpack electrofishing at two locations downstream of Lake Blalock dam (Figure 3-2). Each sample consisted of one person shocking and two people netting stunned fish. The first sampling event occurred on September 1, 2015, approximately 1,600 feet downstream of the Lake Blalock dam. Sampling occurred over wadeable riffle and shallow run habitat, with a shock time of 971 seconds and a transect distance of approximately 80 yards. The second sampling event occurred on October 21, 2015, approximately 1.7 miles downstream of the Lake Blalock dam. Sampling occurred in a low flow secondary channel and over main channel wadeable riffle habitat, with a shock time of 643 seconds and a transect distance of approximately 100 yards. Collected fish were identified according to Rohde et al. (2009), measured (total length), and released. Fish not identified in the field were preserved in 70% ethanol and later identified in the laboratory. JANUARY

11 FIGURE 3-1 LAKE BLALOCK FISH SAMPLING ZONES JANUARY

12 FIGURE 3-2 LAKE BLALOCK FISH SAMPLING LOCATIONS JANUARY

13 4.0 RESULTS A total of 21 fish species from 7 families were collected during fisheries sampling conducted on Lake Blalock and in the downstream reach during A total of 5 families and 10 species were collected in Lake Blalock, and 6 families and 16 species were collected from the downstream reaches. Gear-specific results are discussed in greater detail below. 4.1 LAKE BLALOCK SEINING AND GILLNETTING A total of 177 fish representing 5 families and 9 species were collected with seining and gillnetting on Lake Blalock (Table 4-1). Gizzard shad dominated the relative abundance for both gillnet sets. Gamefish collected via gillnetting included channel catfish, white perch, white crappie, and largemouth bass (Table 4-2). Bluegill dominated the overall relative abundance for each of the 6 seine pulls. (Table 4-3). Young-of-year (YOY) Lepomids that lacked pigmentation could not be identified to species; however, all but one of the Lepomids that were large enough for identification during seine samples were bluegill. Therefore, the majority, if not all, of the YOY Lepomids collected in the seine hauls were likely bluegill. The only other Lepomis species collected in seining was one warmouth. No fish species collected via seining and gillnetting are listed in the SCDNR State Wildlife Action Plan (SCDNR 2015). JANUARY

14 TABLE 4-1 SUMMARY OF FISH COLLECTIONS ON SEPTEMBER 16, 2015 VIA SEINING AND GILLNETTING FAMILY SPECIES COMMON NAME MIDDLE GILLNET LOWER GILLNET SEINE 1 UPPER SEINE 2 UPPER SEINE 3 MIDDLE SEINES SEINE 4 MIDDLE SEINE 5 LOWER SEINE 6 LOWER Centrarchidae Lepomis macrochirus bluegill Micropterus salmoides largemouth bass SPECIES TOTAL Lepomis Sp. YOY sunfish Pomoxis annularis white crappie 2 2 Lepomis gulosus warmouth Percidae Perca flavescens yellow perch 2 2 Moronidae Morone americana white perch Ictaluridae Ictalurus punctatus channel catfish Clupeidae Dorosoma cepedianum gizzard shad TOTAL SPECIES TOTAL INDIVIDUALS JANUARY

15 TABLE 4-2 RELATIVE ABUNDANCE AND SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS FOR FISH COLLECTED ON SEPTEMBER 16, 2015 VIA GILLNETTING MIDDLE GILLNET LOWER GILLNET SPECIES RELATIVE ABUNDANCE RELATIVE ABUNDANCE SIZE DISTRIBUTION (MM) gizzard shad 76% 55% warmouth 9% 135 white perch 6% 18% largemouth bass 9% 322 channel catfish 6% 9% white crappie 12% TABLE 4-3 RELATIVE ABUNDANCE AND SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS FOR FISH COLLECTED ON SEPTEMBER 16, 2015, VIA 6 SEINE PULLS SPECIES RELATIVE ABUNDANCE SIZE DISTRIBUTION (MM) bluegill 70% YOY sunfish 24% largemouth bass 3% warmouth 1% 66 yellow perch 1% white perch 1% LAKE BLALOCK BOAT ELECTROFISHING A total of 237 fish representing 3 families and 7 species were collected on Lake Blalock (Table 4-4). Bluegill dominated the catch per unit of effort (CPUE) and relative abundance for all 6 boat electrofishing transects. Gamefish collected via boat electrofishing included largemouth bass, redeye bass, bluegill, redear sunfish, and channel catfish (Table 4-5). Largemouth bass and bluegill were collected in each of the 6 transects. Warmouth were collected in the upper, middle, and lower sections of Lake Blalock, whereas only one specimen each of channel catfish, redeye bass, gizzard shad, and redear sunfish were collected overall. JANUARY

16 TABLE 4-4 SUMMARY OF FISH COLLECTIONS FROM THE UPPER, MIDDLE, AND LOWER SECTIONS OF LAKE BLALOCK ON JUNE 9, 2015 VIA BOAT ELECTROFISHING BOAT ELECTROFISHING LOCATION SPECIES FAMILY SPECIES COMMON NAME UPPER EAST UPPER WEST MIDDLE EAST MIDDLE WEST LOWER EAST LOWER WEST TOTAL Centrarchidae Lepomis macrochirus bluegill Micropterus coosae redeye bass 1 1 Micropterus salmoides largemouth bass Lepomis microlophus. redear sunfish 1 1 Lepomis gulosus warmouth Ictalurus Ictalurus punctatus channel catfish 1 1 Clupeidae Dorosoma cepedianum gizzard shad 3 3 TOTAL SPECIES TOTAL INDIVIDUALS JANUARY

17 TABLE 4-5 RELATIVE ABUNDANCE, CATCH PER UNIT OF EFFORT, AND SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS FOR FISH COLLECTED IN UPPER, MIDDLE, AND LOWER SECTIONS OF LAKE BLALOCK ON JUNE 9, 2015 VIA BOAT ELECTROFISHING UPPER EAST BANK UPPER WEST BANK MIDDLE EAST BANK MIDDLE WEST BANK LOWER EAST BANK LOWER WEST BANK SPECIES RELATIVE ABUNDANCE RELATIVE ABUNDANCE RELATIVE ABUNDANCE RELATIVE ABUNDANCE RELATIVE ABUNDANCE RELATIVE ABUNDANCE SIZE RANGE (MM) largemouth bass 12% 29% 6% 25% 11% 4% bluegill 88% 66% 88% 71% 83% 94% redear sunfish 3% 87 warmouth 3% 4% 3% gizzard shad 6% redeye bass 3% 141 channel catfish 2% 436 CPUE (fish/100 CPUE CPUE CPUE CPUE CPUE seconds) largemouth bass bluegill redear sunfish.11 warmouth gizzard shad.33 redeye bass.11 channel catfish.11 JANUARY

18 5.0 PACOLET RIVER BACKPACK ELECTROFISHING A total of 69 fish representing 4 families and 9 species were collected in the downstream section closest to Lake Blalock (Table 5-1). Bluegill dominated the CPUE and relative abundance. Of the 69 fish that were collected, 56 were centrarchids. Five seagreen darters (listed as highest priority in the SCDNR s State Wildlife Action Plan (SCDNR 2015)), 7 sandbar shiners and three snail bullheads, (both listed as moderate priority) were also collected during this sampling event. A total of 81 fish representing 4 families and 13 species were collected in the lower downstream section (Table 5-1). Bluehead chubs dominated the CPUE and relative abundance (Table 5-2). Of the 81 fish that were collected, 61 were cyprinids (Table 5-1). Two flat bullheads (listed as moderate priority species in the SCDNR s State Wildlife Action Plan (SCDNR 2015)), 2 sandbar shiners, and one snail bullhead (both listed as moderate priority) were also collected during this sampling event. Two redeye bass were also collected. The Bartram s redeye bass is listed as a highest priority species in the SCDNR s State Wildlife Action Plan (SCDNR 2015). TABLE 5-1 SUMMARY OF FISH COLLECTIONS DOWNSTREAM OF LAKE BLALOCK VIA BACKPACK ELECTROFISHING FAMILY SPECIES COMMON NAME SPECIES TOTALS UPPER SITE LOWER SITE Catostomidae Moxostoma rupiscartes striped jumprock 1 Centrarchidae Lepomis auritus redbreast sunfish 14 2 Lepomis macrochirus bluegill 31 Micropterus salmoides largemouth bass 1 Micropterus dolomieu smallmouth bass 1 Micropterus coosae redeye bass 2 Cyprinidae Hybognathus regius e. silvery minnow 8 Notropis hudsonius spottail shiner 6 12 Notropis scepticus sandbar shiner 7 2 Nocomis leptocephalus bluehead chub 1 44 Percidae Etheostoma thalassinum seagreen darter 5 3 Ictaluridae Amerius brunneus snail bullhead 3 1 Ameiurus platycephalus flat bullhead 2 unidentified madtom 1 Noturus insignis margined madtom 1 Clupeidae Dorosoma petenense threadfin shad 2 TOTAL SPECIES 9 13 TOTAL INDIVIDUALS JANUARY

19 TABLE 5-2 RELATIVE ABUNDANCE (RA), SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS, AND CATCH PER UNIT OF EFFORT (CPUE) FOR FISH COLLECTED DOWNSTREAM OF LAKE BLALOCK VIA BACKPACK ELECTROFISHING UPPER SITE LOWER SITE UPPER SITE LOWER SITE UPPER SITE LOWER SITE SPECIES RA RA SIZE RANGE (MM) SIZE RANGE (MM) CPUE (FISH/100 SECONDS) SPUE striped jumprock 1.5% 105 redbreast sunfish 2.5% bluegill 44% largemouth bass smallmouth bass 21% 1% % redeye bass 2.5% e. silvery minnow spottail shiner sandbar shiner bluehead chub seagreen darter snail bullhead 10% % 15% % 2.5% % 54% % 4% % 1% flat bullhead 2.5% unidentified madtom margined madtom threadfin shad 1% % % JANUARY

20 6.0 DISCUSSION Lake Blalock was dominated by centrarchids, specifically largemouth bass and bluegill. We also collected numerous gizzard shad in the reservoir (Table 6-1). This fish assemblage is typical of a southeastern warmwater fishery. There was little difference in species composition between reservoir sections, and both juvenile and adult fish were collected over all sampling events. Juveniles of several species were collected included bluegill, yellow perch, white perch, redear sunfish, and redeye bass, and largemouth bass, indicating that these species are spawning within the reservoir. Adult largemouth bass, bluegill, white perch, white crappie, gizzard shad, and channel catfish were collected as well, indicating recruitment to adult size, and for gamefish, recruitment to a catchable size. The downstream reaches were dominated by centrarchids at the upper site, and cyprinids at the downstream site (Table 6-1). The abundance of bluegill found at the upper site, and lack of bluegill at the downstream site, is likely due to the proximity of these sites to Lake Blalock. The upper site is approximately 1600 feet downstream of Lake Blalock dam, whereas the lower site is 1.7 miles downstream of the dam. The results of our sampling events suggest that bluegill dominate the species composition in Lake Blalock. Although this species is found more often in lentic environments (Rohde et al. 2009), the proximity of the upper site to Lake Blalock would likely allow for species passed through the spillways or penstocks to end up in the area immediately downstream of the dam. One redeye bass was found in the reservoir. The Bartram s redeye bass is listed as a highest priority species in the SCDNR s State Wildlife Action Plan (SCDNR 2015). Downstream electrofishing also produced redeye bass, along with four other conservation priority species (Table 6-1). According to Rohde et al. 2009, redeye bass mature at a total length of approximately 144 millimeters (mm). The redeye bass collected in Lake Blalock was 141 mm, and the redeye bass collected downstream were <100 mm. The redeye bass collected in Lake Blalock was collected in the lower section of the reservoir (i.e. towards the dam). Redeye bass occur primarily in small streams, however they have been introduced to numerous reservoirs in JANUARY

21 the Upstate of South Carolina (Rohde et al. 2009). One smallmouth bass was collected downstream of Lake Blalock dam, and redeye bass have been known to hybridize with this species. Along with redeye bass, two flat bullheads (listed as moderate priority species in the SCDNR s State Wildlife Action Plan (SCDNR 2015)), two sandbar shiners, and one snail bullhead (both listed as moderate priority) were collected downstream of Lake Blalock (Table 6-2). None of the species documented in Lake Blalock or the downstream reach are federally or state listed as threatened or endangered. JANUARY

22 TABLE 6-1 FISH SPECIES COLLECTED IN LAKE BLALOCK AND THE DOWNSTREAM REACH FAMILY SPECIES COMMON NAME LAKE BLALOCK TOTALS DOWNSTREAM REACH TOTALS Catostomidae Moxostoma rupiscartes striped jumprock 1 Centrarchidae Lepomis macrochirus bluegill Lepomis auritus redbreast sunfish 16 Micropterus dolomieu smallmouth bass 1 Micropterus coosae redeye bass 1 2 Micropterus salmoides largemouth bass 36 1 Lepomis Sp. YOY sunfish 36 Pomoxis annularis white crappie 2 Lepomis microlophus redear sunfish 1 Lepomis gulosus warmouth 5 Percidae Perca flavescens yellow perch 2 Etheostoma thalassinum seagreen darter 8 Moronidae Morone americana white perch 4 Ictaluridae Ictalurus punctatus channel catfish 3 Amerius brunneus snail bullhead 4 Ameiurus platycephalus flat bullhead 2 unidentified madtom 1 Noturus insignis margined madtom 1 Clupeidae Dorosoma cepedianum gizzard shad 22 Dorosoma petenense threadfin shad 2 Cyprinidae Hybognathus regius e. silvery minnow 8 Notropis hudsonius spottail shiner 18 Notropis scepticus sandbar shiner 9 Nocomis leptocephalus bluehead chub 45 JANUARY

23 TABLE 6-2 CONSERVATION PRIORITY FISH SPECIES COLLECTED SPECIES COMMON NAME PRIORITY STATUS a LOCATION Notropis scepticus sandbar shiner Moderate downstream Ameiurus brunneus snail bullhead Moderate downstream Ameiurus platycephalus flat bullhead Moderate downstream Micropterus coosae Bartram s redeye bass Highest reservoir and downstream Etheostoma thalassinum seagreen darter High downstream Note : a Source: SCDNR LITERATURE CITED Newcomb, T.J. and J.S. Fuller Anadromous and Catadromous Fish Survey of Santee/Cooper Basin in North Carolina and South Carolina. Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia Final Report, Prepared for Duke Power, June 25, pp. Rohde, F. C., R. G. Arndt, J. W. Foltz, and J. M. Quattro Freshwater Fishes of South Carolina. University of South Carolina Press, SC. 430 pp. South Carolina Department of Natural Resources (SCDNR) South Carolina s state wildlife action plan (SWAP) Final Report October 14, [Online] URL: Accessed October 19, Welch, S.M A Report on the Historical Inland Migrations of Several Diadromous Fishes in South Carolina Rivers. Department of Aquaculture, Fisheries and Wildlife, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina. Report prepared for Mr. Douglas W. Cook, South Carolina Department of Natural Resources. December 4, pp. JANUARY