Can ICCAT save Atlantic Bluefin Tunas?? Yes; but

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1 ICCAT

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3 Can ICCAT save Atlantic Bluefin Tunas?? Yes; but

4 ICCAT has the jurisdiction.

5 Article I The area to which this Convention shall apply, hereinafter referred to as the Convention area, shall be all waters of the Atlantic Ocean, including the adjacent Seas.

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7 The authority:

8 The International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas is an inter-governmental fishery organization responsible for the conservation of tunas and tuna-like species in the Atlantic Ocean and its adjacent seas. ICCAT compiles fishery statistics from its members and from all entities fishing for these species in the Atlantic Ocean, coordinates research, including stock assessment, on behalf of its members, develops scientific-based management advice, provides a mechanism for Contracting Parties to agree on management measures, and produces relevant publications. Science underpins the management decisions made by ICCAT.

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10 The criteria:

11 Conservation Criteria INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE CONSERVATION OF ATLANTIC TUNAS (14 May 1966) Entry into Force: 21 Mar 1969 Preamble The Governments * * * subscribed hereto, considering their mutual interest in the populations of tuna and tunalike fishes found in the Atlantic Ocean, and desiring to cooperate in maintaining the populations of these fishes at levels which will permit the maximum sustainable catch for food and other purposes * * *

12 Conservation criteria uses science Article VIII 1. (a) * * * on the basis of scientific evidence, * * * maintain the populations of tuna and tuna-like fishes that may be taken in the Convention area at levels which will permit the maximum sustainable catch

13 Highest Price of a SINGLE Bluefin Tuna $240, $396, $736, The price translates to 210,000 yen per kilogram, or $1,238 per pound - also a record, said Yutaka Hasegawa, a Tsukiji market official. $1, per Pound $77.25 per Ounce

14 ACTUAL MARKET FOR NORMAL ABT LESS THAN $10 PER POUND 4 ½ oz can in oil = $ oz can white tuna in water = $0.64

15 Science Based The carrying out of the provisions in paragraph 1 of this Article shall include: (a) collecting and analysing statistical information relating to the current conditions and trends of the tuna fishery resources of the Convention area; (b) studying and appraising information concerning measures and methods to ensure maintenance of the populations of tuna and tuna-like fishes in the Convention area at levels which will permit the maximum sustainable catch * * *

16 In re Science ART IV The Commission, in carrying out these responsibilities shall, insofar as feasible, utilise the technical and scientific services of, and information from, official agencies of the Contracting Parties and their political sub-divisions and may, when desirable, utilise the available services and information of any public or private institution, organization or individual, and may undertake within the limits of its budget independent research to supplement the research work being done by governments, national institutions or other international * * *

17 ICCAT has teeth:

18 Enforcement Article IX 1. The Contracting Parties agree to take all action necessary to ensure the enforcement of this Convention... * * * 3. The Contracting Parties undertake to collaborate with each other with a view to the adoption of suitable effective measures to ensure the application of the provisions of this Convention and in particular to set up a system of international enforcement to be applied to the Convention area except the territorial sea and other waters, if any, in which a State is entitled under international law to exercise jurisdiction over fisheries.

19 U. S. M-S FCMA 16 U.S.C MSA (1) Conservation and management measures shall prevent overfishing while achieving, on a continuing basis, the optimum yield from each fishery for the United States fishing industry. (2) Conservation and management measures shall be based upon the best scientific information available NOTE: OY is based on MSY

20 PROBLEMS I U U fishing Better scientific methods C I T E S Enforcement Sustainability of fishers Chronic lack of political will ESA listing Precautionary approach Fish raised in captivity BP spill chemicals Fishing down the food chain Government subsidized fishing