Imported Tunas and Pilot Study on Impact to Hawaii Fresh Tuna Market

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3 Imported Tunas and Pilot Study on Impact to Hawaii Fresh Tuna Market Minling Pan, Ph.D. Timothy Ming Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center November 29, 2004

4 Research Background Imported tuna has increased recently and competes with local fishing industry (based on industrial observations) First look at foreign trade to Honolulu

5 Types of Imported Tunas to Honolulu ( Average) FROZEN ATC - IN/NOT IN OIL 23% 20% Data Sources: U.S Customs Direct imports from foreign countries 57% of imported tunas were fresh FRESH 57%

6 Fresh Imported Tunas to Honolulu ( ) 1,800,000 1,600,000 1,400,000 NSPF 1,200,000 Bluefin Pounds 1,000, , , , , Albacore Skipjack Bigeye & yellowfin Among fresh imported tunas, mainly yellowfin & bigeye Declined since 1993 (except 2001 & 2002 went up)

7 Fresh Tunas Supply to Hawaii, (Landings + Imports) 14,000 12,000 Landings Imports 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2, ,000 pounds Year

8 Frozen Imported Tuna to Honolulu ( ) 800,000 Pounds 700, , , , , , , Bluefin Albacore NSFP Skipjack yellowfin & bigeye Among frozen tunas, only small % of yellowfin/bigeye, mainly skipjack Imports declined since 1990, only one high year (2001) for yellowfin & bigeye

9 What was causing the increase of imported tunas in local markets? Frozen yellowfin used for poke poke and sashimi sashimi cube (poke( poke) steak or fillet (sashimi( sashimi) Foreign owned ocean containers ships do not stop in Honolulu (Johnson Act) Imported tunas transshipped to Honolulu from Los Angeles, and San Francisco through Matson or Sealand container ships

10 Frozen Yellowfin/Bigeye Imports to LA ( ) 7,000,000 6,000,000 5,000,000 Pounds 4,000,000 3,000,000 2,000,000 1,000,000 Bigeye Yellowfin Imported frozen yellowfin/bigeye increased to LA Up from nearly 0 to 3 million lbs

11 Frozen Yellowfin/Bigeye to SFS 500, , , , , , , , ,000 50, Bigeye Yellowfin Increase from 0 to half million pounds within 5 years

12 CO/TS Treated Seafood History Japan producers began using CO to treat tuna 15 years ago U.S. received first shipment of CO treated tuna in early 90s 2000 U.S. FDA approved TS as generally regarded as safe Japan banned CO use for tunas. Canada and European countries banned CO for all seafood About containers (40 ) of TS treated frozen tuna imported into the US monthly (IntraFish Industry Report, 2003) 7 10 million lbs a year to U.S.

13 Study the Impact to Local Markets No official statistics on imports to Hawaii Transshipments No clear code (Harmonized System Code) for TS treated tuna A Pilot Study from consumer side Popularity in market Consumer knowledge and awareness Field testing questionnaires

14 Retail Market Report Ahi Poke How common TS is in our markets FISH RETAIL (SUPERMARKET) TS treated Price FOODLAND - Kapiolani St. Yes $ 6.99 STAR - King St. Yes $ 7.99 TIMES - King St. Yes $ 5.99 SAFEWAY - Beretania St. Yes $ 6.99/5.99 COSTCO No N/A DAIEI Yes $ 4.77 FOODLAND - BERETANIA Yes $ 6.99 TAMASHIRO'S MARKET - N. KING Yes $ MARUKAI - WARD Yes $ 6.59 *Table based on visitations on June 22, 2004

15 Popularity of TS treated Ahi Poke in Local Markets Two dollars difference between TS/CO treated and local fresh Ahi Poke Holiday price is even lower: Ahi Poke $4.99/lb Long shelf life of TS/CO treated Ahi Poke Constant & adjustable supply Freshly made Low labor costs to prepare Consumer may not be aware of the differences in the two products

16 PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF SURVEY Price is an indicator of the presence of consumption for Tasteless Smoke Ahi Poke How Much Do You Pay For Your Ahi Poke? Price $4.00-$6.99 Frequency 28 None 6 $7.00-$10.99 Varies None Total Price (Per Pound) Varies $7.00-$10.99 $4.00-$ Number of Respondents

17 PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF SURVEY About 77% consumers claim that they have not purchased Tasteless Smoke treated products before H ave Y ou E ver Purchase T S A hi Poke B efore? N umber o f R espo ndents Yes No No respons e

18 PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF SURVEY Most respondents did not realize that carbon monoxide is an active ingredient of Tasteless Smoke Do You Know That the Active Ingredient in TS is CO? Knowledge ofts having CO? Yes No Total Frequency No 47 Yes Number of Respondents

19 Future Study Plan Investigate consumer s knowledge and preferences for TS treated versus local fresh tunas Market and consumer survey Conjoint analysis Monitoring Transshipments

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