LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES BACKGROUND APPENDIX 1.A.

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1 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES BACKGROUND APPENDIX 1.A. TOTAL AREAS OF WETLAND AND DEEPWATER HABITATS St. Johns River Water Management District Wetland and Deep Water Habitat Maps (based on aerial photographs taken between ) WETLAND & DEEPWATER HABITAT TYPE ACRES Deepwater Habitats: marine, riverine, or lacustrine. Does not include estuarine. 128,185 Estuarine unvegetated: estuarine open water and unconsolidated shore. Aquatic beds not identified. 58,28 Estuarine vegetated: estuarine forested scrub-shrub and emergent 25,958 Freshwater forested: palustrine forested and/or scrub-shrub 772,398 Freshwater herbaceous: Palustrine emergent 14,11 Upland: neither wetlands nor deepwater habitats 2,111,448 TOTAL AREA 3,11,29 1

2 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES APPENDIX 1.B. TOTAL AREAS OF EACH LAND USE CATEGORY SJRWMD Land Use/Land Cover Maps (1973, 199, 1995,, and 24) TOTALS IN EACH LAND USE/LAND COVER CATEGORY URBAN AND BUILT-UP 162, , , , ,541.6 AGRICULTURE 25, , , , , RANGELAND 7, , , , ,824.6 UPLAND FORESTS 98, , , , ,99.77 WATER 158, , , , , WETLANDS 44, , , , , BARREN LAND 75, , , , , TRANSPORTATION, COMMUNICATION AND UTILITIES 6, , , , , PERCENT IN EACH LAND USE/LAND COVER CATEGORY URBAN AND BUILT-UP 8% 11% 16% 17% 18% AGRICULTURE 1% 7% 7% 7% 7% RANGELAND 3% 2% 3% 3% 4% UPLAND FORESTS 47% 35% 39% 38% 35% WETLANDS 21% 23% 24% 24% 24% WATER 7% 2% 9% 8% 9% BARREN LAND 4% % % 1% 1% TRANSPORTATION, COMMUNICATION AND UTILITIES % 2% 2% 2% 2% TOTAL PERCENT 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 2

3 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES APPENDIX 1.C. THE POPULATION OF NORTHEAST FLORIDA DERIVED FROM LITERATURE REVIEW YEAR NATIVE AMERICAN POPULATION IN NORTHEAST FLORIDA (TIMUCUA ONLY) , EUROPEAN/AMERICAN POPULATION IN NORTHEAST FLORIDA , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,751 3

4 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,557 1,163, ,531, ,849, ,115,946 Population estimates for the Timucuan Tribe in Northeast Florida were taken from Milanich, and ʺNortheast Floridaʺ is defined as all lands inhabited by Timucuan Indians. Population estimates for European Colonists were taken from Miller, and ʺNortheast Floridaʺ loosely includes settlers in ʺthe basin of the northward flowing St. Johns River from Lake George to the mouth, as well as the adjacent Atlantic Coast and the intervening coastal plainʺ (Miller ). For dates after 1845, ʺNortheast Floridaʺ includes population counts from Clay, Duval, Flagler, Putnam, and St. Johns Counties. Sources: Population counts for the years were provided by Miller. Counts from were extracted from Forstall 1995, and counts from the U.S. Census Bureau. Note: U.S. Census data was not available for Flagler County in 19 and 191. Population estimates for 21, 22, and 23 were extracted from the Demographic Estimating Conference Database, updated August 27. 4

5 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES APPENDIX 1.D. COMPARISON OF ADOPTED 24 AND FINAL VERIFIED 29 IMPAIRED WATERS, LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER BASIN, FLORIDA. WATER BODY ADOPTED VERIFIED IMPAIRMENT(S) 24 FINAL VERIFIED IMPAIRMENT(S) MAY 19, 29 PRIORITY OR YEAR FOR TMDL DEVELOPMENT ARLINGTON RIVER Nutrients (Chlorophyll) Mercury (based on fish consumption advisory) High ATLANTIC OCEAN (ST. JOHNS RIVER; DUVAL Mercury (based on fish consumption advisory) High COUNTY) BIG DAVIS CREEK Fecal Coliform BIG FISHWEIR CREEK Fecal Coliform BLACK CREEK Lead High BLACK CREEK ABOVE ST JOHNS RIVER (NORTH Dissolved Oxygen Lead Medium FORK) BLACK CREEK (SOUTH FORK) Lead High BLACK POINT SWAMP Dissolved Oxygen Medium BLOCKHOUSE CREEK Fecal Coliform, Total Coliforms BRADLEY CREEK Dissolved Oxygen, Lead BROWARD RIVER Medium for Dissolved Oxygen, Fecal Coliform, Nutrients (Chlorophyll a), Mercury (based on Nutrients; High Total Coliforms fish consumption advisory) for Mercury BROWNS CREEK Mercury (based on fish consumption advisory) High BULL CREEK Fecal Coliform Low BUTCHER PEN CREEK Dissolved Oxygen, Fecal Coliform, Nutrients (Chlorophyll) 24 for Dissolved Oxygen, Fecal Coliform, Nutrients CABBAGE CREEK Mercury (based on fish consumption advisory) High CEDAR CREEK Nutrients (Chlorophyll) CEDAR POINT CREEK Mercury (based on fish consumption advisory) High CEDAR RIVER Dissolved Oxygen, Fecal Coliform, Total Coliforms 24 for Dissolved Oxygen, Fecal Coliform, Total Coliforms ACTUAL DATE OF TMDL DEVELOPMENTS 25 Proposed by EPA (Dissolved Oxygen, Nutrients); 25 TMDL for Fecal Coliform finalized by FDEP 26 TMDL for Fecal Coliform and Total Coliform Finalized by FDEP ACTUAL DATE OF BMAP DEVELOPMENTS estimated for completion May 29 BMAP for TMDLs for Fecal Coliform for 1 LSJ Basin Tributaries estimated for completion May 29 BMAP for TMDLs for Fecal Coliform for 1 LSJ Basin Tributaries 5

6 WATER BODY ADOPTED VERIFIED IMPAIRMENT(S) 24 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES FINAL VERIFIED IMPAIRMENT(S) MAY 19, 29 PRIORITY OR YEAR FOR TMDL DEVELOPMENT CEDAR SWAMP CREEK Fecal Coliform Low CHRISTOPHER BRANCH/CREEK Fecal Coliform Nutrients (Chlorophyll a) Medium CLAPBOARD CREEK Mercury (based on fish consumption advisory) High CORMORANT BRANCH Fecal Coliform COW BRANCH Dissolved Oxygen COWHEAD CREEK Fecal Coliform 22 for Dissolved CRACKER BRANCH Dissolved Oxygen, Fecal Coliform, Nutrients Oxygen and (Chlorophyll a) Nutrients; Low for Fecal Coliform CRAIG CREEK Dissolved Oxygen, Fecal Coliform CRESCENT LAKE Iron, Nutrients (TSI) Nutrients (TSI), Mercury (based on fish consumption advisory) Medium for Nutrients (TSI); High for Mercury CUE LAKE Mercury (Fish) Mercury (based on fish consumption advisory) High DEAD LAKE Mercury (based on fish consumption advisory) High DEEP BOTTOM CREEK Fecal Coliform, Total Coliforms DEEP CREEK Dissolved Oxygen, Nutrients (Chlorophyll) Dissolved Oxygen, Nutrients (Historic Chlorophyll) 22 for Dissolved Oxygen and Nutrients DEER CREEK Dissolved Oxygen, Fecal Coliform Lead Medium DOCTORS LAKE Nutrients (TSI) DOCTORS LAKE DRAIN Fecal Coliform Low DOG BRANCH Dissolved Oxygen Nutrients (Chlorophyll a) High DUNN CREEK Fecal Coliform Dissolved Oxygen, Nutrients (Chlorophyll a) Medium DUNNS CREEK Dissolved Oxygen, Nutrients (Chlorophyll) DURBIN CREEK Dissolved Oxygen, Fecal Coliform, NUTRIENTS (HISTCHLA) ACTUAL DATE OF TMDL DEVELOPMENTS 27 Statewide TMDL for Mercury Planned by FDEP 26 TMDL for Fecal Coliform Finalized by FDEP ACTUAL DATE OF BMAP DEVELOPMENTS estimated for completion May 29 BMAP for TMDLs for Fecal Coliform for 1 LSJ Basin Tributaries 6

7 WATER BODY ADOPTED VERIFIED IMPAIRMENT(S) 24 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES FINAL VERIFIED IMPAIRMENT(S) MAY 19, 29 PRIORITY OR YEAR FOR TMDL DEVELOPMENT FISHING CREEK Dissolved Oxygen, Fecal Coliform Nutrients (Chlorophyll) Medium FLORIDA ATLANTIC COAST Mercury (Fish) 211 GEORGES LAKE GINHOUSE CREEK Fecal Coliform GOODBYS CREEK Dissolved Oxygen, Fecal Coliform Mercury (based on fish consumption advisory), Nutrients (Historic TSI) High for Mercury; Medium for Nutrients GOVERNOR CREEK Fecal Coliform Low GREEN COVE SPRINGS Mercury (based on fish consumption advisory) High GREENE CREEK Fecal Coliform High GREENFIELD CREEK Fecal Coliform Dissolved Oxygen Medium GROG BRANCH Fecal Coliform High HAW CREEK ABOVE CRESCENT LAKE Dissolved Oxygen, Iron, Nutrients (Chlorophyll) Dissolved Oxygen, Nutrients (Historic Chlorophyll a) Medium HOGAN CREEK Fecal Coliform Dissolved Oxygen Medium HOGPEN CREEK Fecal Coliform, Total Coliforms HOPKINS CREEK Fecal Coliform, Total Coliforms Dissolved Oxygen, Nutrients (Chlorophyll a) Medium ICWW Mercury (based on fish consumption advisory) High JONES CREEK Fecal Coliform JULINGTON CREEK Fecal Coliform High KENDALL CREEK Iron Medium KINGSLEY LAKE Nutrients (Historic TSI) Medium LAKE BROWARD Mercury (based on fish consumption advisory) High LAKE DAUGHARTY Mercury (based on fish consumption advisory) High LAKE DIAS Iron, Mercury (Fish), Selenium Nutrients (TSI) Medium for Nutrients; 211 for ACTUAL DATE OF TMDL DEVELOPMENTS 25 Proposed by EPA (Dissolved Oxygen, Nutrients) 27 Statewide TMDL for Mercury Planned by FDEP 25 TMDL for Fecal Coliform Finalized by FDEP 26 TMDL for Fecal Coliform Finalized by FDEP 27 Statewide TMDL for Mercury Planned by FDEP ACTUAL DATE OF BMAP DEVELOPMENTS estimated for completion May 29 BMAP for TMDLs for Fecal Coliform for 1 LSJ Basin Tributaries estimated for completion May 29 BMAP for TMDLs for Fecal Coliform for 1 LSJ Basin Tributaries 7

8 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES WATER BODY ADOPTED VERIFIED IMPAIRMENT(S) 24 FINAL VERIFIED IMPAIRMENT(S) MAY 19, 29 PRIORITY OR YEAR FOR TMDL DEVELOPMENT Mercury ACTUAL DATE OF TMDL DEVELOPMENTS ACTUAL DATE OF BMAP DEVELOPMENTS LAKE DISSTON Lead, Mercury (based on fish consumption advisory) Medium for Lead; High for Mercury LAKE GENEVA Lead, Nutrients (Historic TSI) Medium LAKE MAGNOLIA Nutrients (TSI) LAKE MOLLY Nutrients (TSI) LAKE ROSS Lead Medium LAKE SHEELAR Nutrients (Historic TSI) Medium LAKE WINONA Fecal Coliform Nutrients (Historic TSI) Medium LILY LAKE Lead Medium LITTLE BLACK CREEK Iron Fecal Coliform High LITTLE HAW CREEK Dissolved Oxygen Lead Medium LITTLE HAW SPRING Fecal Coliform, Total Coliforms LITTLE POTTSBURG CREEK Fecal Coliform Nutrients (Chlorophyll a) Medium LITTLE TROUT RIVER Fecal Coliform Dissolved Oxygen, Nutrients (Chlorophyll a) 24 for Nutrients; Medium priority for Dissolved Oxygen and Specific Conductance LONG BRANCH Turbidity Medium MANDARIN DRAIN Fecal Coliform MCCULLOUGH CREEK Fecal Coliform MCGIRTS CREEK Dissolved Oxygen, Fecal Coliform, Nutrients (Chlorophyll) Dissolved Oxygen Medium MILL BRANCH Dissolved Oxygen, Nutrients (Chlorophyll) Dissolved Oxygen Medium MILL CREEK Dissolved Oxygen Fecal Coliform High MILL DAM BRANCH Dissolved Oxygen, Iron, Lead MILL LOG CREEK Dissolved Oxygen, Fecal Coliform MILLER CREEK Fecal Coliform 26 TMDL for Fecal Coliform Finalized by FDEP estimated for completion May 29 BMAP for TMDLs for Fecal Coliform for 1 LSJ Basin 8

9 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES WATER BODY ADOPTED VERIFIED IMPAIRMENT(S) 24 FINAL VERIFIED IMPAIRMENT(S) MAY 19, 29 PRIORITY OR YEAR FOR TMDL DEVELOPMENT ACTUAL DATE OF TMDL DEVELOPMENTS ACTUAL DATE OF BMAP DEVELOPMENTS Tributaries MIRAMAR CREEK (UNNAMED CREEK) MOCCASIN BRANCH Dissolved Oxygen Dissolved Oxygen, Nutrients (Chlorophyll a) Medium Copper, Fecal Coliform, Iron, Lead, Nutrients (Chlorophyll), Total Coliforms Dissolved Oxygen, Nutrients (Chlorophyll a), Nutrients (Historic Chlorophyll a) Medium MONCRIEF CREEK Mercury (based on fish consumption advisory) High MOUNT PLEASANT CREEK Fecal Coliform Fecal Coliform Low NEW ROSE CREEK Dissolved Oxygen, Fecal Coliform NEWCASTLE CREEK Fecal Coliform NINEMILE CREEK Nutrients (Chlorophyll a) Medium NORMANDY VILLAGE RUN Fecal Coliform Low NORTH LAKE TALMADGE Fecal Coliform OLDFIELD CREEK Fecal Coliform OPEN CREEK Nutrients (Chlorophyll), Dissolved Oxygen, Fecal Coliform, Lead, Total Coliforms ORTEGA RIVER (WBID 2213P) Nutrients (Chlorophyll), Dissolved Oxygen, Fecal Coliform, Lead ORTEGA RIVER (WBID 2249A) Fecal Coliform, Total Coliforms PABLO CREEK Mercury (based on fish consumption advisory) High PETERS BRANCH Iron Medium PETERS CREEK Fecal Coliform Fecal Coliform, Lead High PUNCHEON GUM SWAMP Fecal Coliform, Total Coliforms RED BAY BRANCH Dissolved Oxygen, Fecal Coliform Dissolved Oxygen, Nutrients (Chlorophyll a) Medium RIBAULT RIVER Nutrients (Chlorophyll a) Medium RICE CREEK Dissolved Oxygen, Nutrients (Chlorophyll a), Nutrients (Historic Chlorophyll a), Dioxin Medium for Dissolved Oxygen and Nutrients; Unspecified for Dioxin 26 TMDL for Fecal Coliform and Total Coliform Finalized by FDEP 26 TMDL for Fecal Coliform Finalized by FDEP estimated for completion May 29 BMAP for TMDLs for Fecal Coliform for 1 LSJ Basin Tributaries estimated for completion May 29 BMAP for TMDLs for Fecal Coliform for 1 LSJ Basin Tributaries 9

10 WATER BODY ADOPTED VERIFIED IMPAIRMENT(S) 24 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES FINAL VERIFIED IMPAIRMENT(S) MAY 19, 29 RUSHING BRANCH Dissolved Oxygen, Fecal Coliform, PRIORITY OR YEAR FOR TMDL DEVELOPMENT Mediumfor Dissolved Oxygen; Low for Fecal coliform RYALS SWAMP Fecal Coliform Low SAMPSON CREEK Dissolved Oxygen, Fecal Coliform Fecal Coliform Low SHERMAN CREEK Fecal Coliform, Total Coliforms SIMMS CREEK Fecal Coliform, Lead Low for Fecal coliform; Medium for Lead SISTERS CREEK Mercury (based on fish consumption advisory) High SIXMILE CREEK Fecal Coliform, Total Coliforms SIXMILE CREEK REACH Dissolved Oxygen, Nutrients (Chlorophyll) SIXTEEN MILE CREEK Nutrients (TSI) SOUTH LAKE TALMADGE Silver ST JOHNS RIVER ABOVE BLACK CREEK Copper, Iron, Nickel Mercury (based on fish consumption advisory) High ST JOHNS RIVER ABOVE DAMES POINT Cadmium Mercury (based on fish consumption advisory) High ST JOHNS RIVER ABOVE DOCTORS LAKE ST JOHNS RIVER ABOVE DUNNS CREEK ST JOHNS RIVER ABOVE FEDERAL POINT ST JOHNS RIVER ABOVE ICWW ST JOHNS RIVER ABOVE MOUTH ST JOHNS RIVER ABOVE PALMO CREEK ST JOHNS RIVER ABOVE RICE CREEK Copper, Iron, Nickel, Lead Thallium, Mercury (based on fish consumption advisory) Medium for Thallium; High for Mercury Mercury (based on fish consumption advisory) High Dissolved Oxygen, Mercury (based on fish consumption advisory) Medium for Dissolved Oxygen; High for Mercury Iron, Copper, Nickel Mercury (based on fish consumption advisory) High Mercury (based on fish consumption advisory) High Mercury (based on fish consumption advisory) High Mercury (based on fish consumption advisory) High ACTUAL DATE OF TMDL DEVELOPMENTS ACTUAL DATE OF BMAP DEVELOPMENTS 1

11 WATER BODY ST JOHNS RIVER ABOVE TOCOI ST JOHNS RIVER ABOVE TROUT RIVER ST JOHNS RIVER ABOVE WARREN BRIDGE ADOPTED VERIFIED IMPAIRMENT(S) 24 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES FINAL VERIFIED IMPAIRMENT(S) MAY 19, 29 PRIORITY OR YEAR FOR TMDL DEVELOPMENT Copper, Iron, Nickel Mercury (based on fish consumption advisory) High Copper, Iron, Nickel Mercury (based on fish consumption advisory) High Mercury (based on fish consumption advisory) High ST JOHNS RIVER ABOVE JULINGTON CREEK Fecal Coliform, Total Coliforms Mercury (based on fish consumption advisory) High SWEETWATER BRANCH Nutrients (Chlorophyll) Dissolved Oxygen Medium SWIMMING PEN CREEK Dissolved Oxygen Medium TACITO CREEK Dissolved Oxygen, Fecal Coliform TOCOI CREEK Dissolved Oxygen, Fecal Coliform TROUT RIVER (LOWER REACH) Dissolved Oxygen, Fecal Coliform Mercury (based on fish consumption advisory) High TROUT RIVER (MIDDLE REACH) Dissolved Oxygen, Fecal Coliform Nutrients (Chlorophyll a) Medium TROUT RIVER (UPPER REACH) Fecal Coliform Low UNNAMED BRANCH Dissolved Oxygen UNNAMED DITCH (WBID 2568) Dissolved Oxygen Medium UNNAMED DITCH (WBID 2571) Dissolved Oxygen UNNAMED DITCHES (WBID 2561) Dissolved Oxygen Fecal Coliform Low UNNAMED DRAIN TO ST JOHNS RIVER (WBID 2213R) Fecal Coliform Fecal Coliform Low WEST BRANCH Dissolved Oxygen Dissolved Oxygen Medium WEST RUN INTERCEPTER D Fecal Coliform, Total Coliforms Nutrients (Historic Chlorophyll a) Medium WILLIAMSON CREEK Fecal Coliform, Total Coliforms Dissolved Oxygen, Nutrients (Chlorophyll a) Medium ACTUAL DATE OF TMDL DEVELOPMENTS 25 TMDL for Fecal Coliform and Total Coliform Finalized by FDEP 26 TMDL for Fecal Coliform and Total Coliform Finalized by FDEP ACTUAL DATE OF BMAP DEVELOPMENTS estimated for completion May 29 BMAP for TMDLs for Fecal Coliform for 1 LSJ Basin Tributaries estimated for completion May 29 BMAP for TMDLs for Fecal Coliform for 1 LSJ Basin Tributaries 11

12 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES WATER BODY ADOPTED VERIFIED IMPAIRMENT(S) 24 FINAL VERIFIED IMPAIRMENT(S) MAY 19, 29 YELLOW WATER CREEK Dissolved Oxygen, Fecal Coliform PRIORITY OR YEAR FOR TMDL DEVELOPMENT Low for Fecal coliform; Medium for Dissolved Oxygen ACTUAL DATE OF TMDL DEVELOPMENTS ACTUAL DATE OF BMAP DEVELOPMENTS 12

13 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Fisheries Appendix Map of areas of St. Johns River sampled by the Fish and Wildlife Institute (FWRI) from July 25 to December 27 (FWC FWRI. 28). In this study, the north, middle and southern river sections are FWRI areas C, D, and E, respectively. 13

14 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix Map of areas of St. Johns River sampled by Fish and Wildlife Institute from July 25 December 27 (FWC FWRI. 28). In this study, the north, middle and southern river sections are FWRI areas C, D, and E, respectively. 14

15 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix 3.2.3a A comparison of monthly mean number of red drum per 183 m haul seine for northern, middle and southern sections of the lower St. Johns River from 21 to 27. Kendall Tau correlation analyses revealed a negative trend in the middle (τ =.265; p<.5) section of the river. There was no long term trend for the north (τ =.187; N.S.) or south (τ =.47; N.S.) sections of the lower St. Johns River. Vertical bars represent the standard deviation of each mean monthly value. 15

16 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix 3.2.3b Yearly comparison of recreational red drum landings and landing per trip for the northern and southern sections of the lower St. Johns River from 1981 to 27. Kendall tau correlation analyses revealed no significant trends in drum landings for the north (τ =.49; N.S.), south (τ =.62; N.S.) or whole (τ =.111; N.S.) lower St. Johns River. 16

17 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix 3.2.4a Yearly comparison of recreational spotted seatrout landings and landing per trip for the northern and southern sections of the lower St. Johns River from 1981 to 27. Kendall Tau correlation analyses revealed significant increases in landings for the whole (τ =.485; p<.5) lower St. Johns River. There were no significant trends for the south (τ =.273; N.S) or north (τ =..364; N.S.) sections of the river. Spotted seatrout reported for the counties associated with the south section of the river likely were caught in the Intracoastal Waterway (ICW). 17

18 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix 3.2.4b Yearly comparison of spotted seatrout landings and landing per trip for the northern and southern sections of the lower St. Johns River from 1994 to 28. Kendall Tau correlation analyses revealed a decreasing landings trend for the south (τ =.495; p<.5) section of the river, but no trend for the north (τ =.128; N.S.) or whole river (τ =.128; N.S.). There was no trend for catch per landing in the south (τ =.212; N.S.), north (τ =.33; N.S.) or whole (τ =.143; N.S.) lower St. Johns River. Seatrout reported for the counties associated with the south section of the river likely were caught in the Intracoastal Waterway (ICW). 18

19 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix 3.2.4c A comparison of monthly mean number of spotted seatrout per 183 m haul seine for northern, and middle sections of the lower St. Johns River from 21 to 27. Kendall Tau correlation analyses revealed no trend for the north (τ =.12; N.S.) or middle (τ =.22; N.S.) sections of the lower St. Johns River. Vertical bars represent the standard deviation of each mean monthly value. 19

20 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix 3.2.5a A comparison of monthly mean number of largemouth bass per 183 m haul seine for northern and middle sections of the lower St. Johns River from 21 to 27. Kendall Tau correlation analyses revealed no trend for the north (τ =.; N.S.) or middle (τ =.164; N.S.) sections of the lower St. Johns River. Vertical bars represent the standard deviation of each mean monthly value. 2

21 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix 3.2.6a Yearly comparison of commercial catfish landings and landing per trip for the northern and southern sections of the lower St. Johns River from 1994 to 27. Kendall Tau correlation analyses revealed a decreasing trend in landings for the north (τ =.667; p<.5), south section (τ =.435; p<.5), and whole river (τ =.667; p<.5). Catch per landing showed a significant decreasing trend for the north (τ =.667; p<.5), whole (τ =.564; p<.5), and south (τ =.435; p<.5) lower St. Johns River. 21

22 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix 3.2.6b A comparison of monthly mean number of channel catfish per 183 m haul seine for northern and middle sections of the lower St. Johns River from 21 to 27. Kendall Tau correlation analyses revealed no trend for channel catfish in the northern (τ =.55; N.S.) and middle (τ =.16; N.S.) sections of the river. Correlation analyses revealed no trend in white catfish for the north (τ =.53; N.S.) and middle (τ =.135; N.S.) sections of the river. Vertical bars represent the standard deviation of each mean monthly value. 22

23 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix 3.2.7a Yearly comparison of recreational striped mullet landings and for the northern and southern sections of the lower St. Johns River from 1981 to 27. Kendal tau correlation analyses revealed an increasing trend in recreational landings for the south (τ =.424; p<.5) river section. There were no trends for the north (τ =.171; N.S.) or whole (τ =.333; N.S) lower St. Johns. 23

24 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix 3.2.7b Yearly comparison of commercial striped mullet landings and landing per trip for the northern and southern sections of the lower St. Johns River from 1994 to 28. Kendall Tau correlation analyses revealed a decreasing trend in commercial landings for the whole (τ =.419; p<.5.) lower St. Johns River. There was no trend for the south (τ =.26; N.S.) or north (τ =.359; N.S.), sections of the river. Catch per landing showed no significant trends for the north (τ =.1; N.S.), south (τ =.13; N.S.) or whole (τ =.13; N.S.) lower St. Johns River. 24

25 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix 3.2.7c A comparison of monthly mean number of striped mullet per 183 m haul seine for northern, middle and southern sections of the lower St. Johns River from 21 to 27. Kendal tau correlation analyses revealed no trend for the north (τ =.2; N.S.), middle (τ =.5; N.S.) or south (τ =.15; N.S.) sections of the lower St. Johns River. Vertical bars represent the standard deviation of each mean monthly value. 25

26 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix 3.2.8a Yearly comparison of recreational southern flounder landings for the northern and southern sections of the lower St. Johns River from 1981 to 27. Kendal tau correlation analyses revealed no trend in recreational landings for the north (τ =.273; N.S.), south (τ =.395; N.S.) and whole (τ =.333; N.S.) river. Flounder reported for the counties associated with the south section of the river likely were caught in the Intracoastal Waterway (ICW). 26

27 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix 3.2.8b Yearly comparison of southern flounder landings and landing per trip for the northern and southern sections of the lower St. Johns River from 1994 to 28. Kendall tau correlation analyses revealed a decreasing trend in commercial landings in the north (τ =.538; p<.5), an increasing trend in the south (τ =.59; p<.5), and no trend for the whole (τ =.25; N.S.) river. Catch per landing showed a significant decreasing trend for the north (τ =.462; p<.5) but no trend for the whole (τ =.154; p<.5) or south (τ =.22; N.S.) sections of the river. 27

28 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix 3.2.8c A comparison of monthly mean number of southern flounder per 183 m haul seine for north and middle sections of the lower St. Johns River from 21 to 27. Kendall tau correlation analyses revealed a positive trend for the middle (τ =.31; N.S.) section of the river. There was no trend for southern flounder in the northern (τ =.38; N.S.) section of the lower St. Johns River. Vertical bars represent the standard deviation of each mean monthly value. 28

29 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix 3.2.9a Yearly comparison of sheepshead recreational landings for the northern and southern sections of the lower St. Johns River from 1994 to 28. Kendall tau correlation analyses revealed a no trends in landings for the south (τ =.333; N.S.), whole (τ =.333; N.S.) or north (τ =.242; N.S.) sections of the river. Sheepshead reported for the counties associated with the south section of the river may have been caught in the Intracoastal Waterway (ICW). 29

30 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix 3.2.9b Yearly comparison of sheepshead landings and landing per trip for the northern and southern sections of the lower St. Johns River from 1994 to 28. Kendall tau correlation analyses revealed a decreasing trend in landings for the southern (τ =.436; p<.5) LSJR. There was no significant trend for the northern (τ =.154; N.S.) and whole (τ =.38; N.S.) sections of the river. Catch per landing showed no significant trend in landings for the north (τ =.25; N.S.), south (τ =.231; N.S.) or whole (τ =.282; N.S.) lower St. Johns River. 3

31 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix 3.2.9c A comparison of monthly mean number of sheepshead per 183 m haul seine for north and middle sections of the lower St. Johns River from 21 to 27. Kendall tau correlation analyses revealed a positive trend for the north (τ =.22; p<.5.) section of the river. There were no significant trends for the middle (τ =.16; N.S.) or south (τ =.61; N.S.) sections of the lower St. Johns River. Vertical bars represent the standard deviation of each mean monthly value. 31

32 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix 3.2.1a Yearly comparison of Atlantic Croaker recreational landings and landing per trip for the northern and southern sections of the lower St. Johns River from 1994 to 28. Kendall tau correlation analyses revealed a decreasing trend in landings for the north (τ =.435; p<.5) and whole (τ =.491; p<.5) lower St. Johns River. There was no significant trend for the south section of the river (τ =.13; N.S.). 32

33 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix 3.2.1b Yearly comparison of commercial Atlantic croaker landings and landings per trip for the northern and southern sections of the lower St. Johns River from 1994 to 28. Kendall tau correlation analyses revealed a decreasing trend in landings for the north (τ =.487; p<.5) and whole (τ =.487; p<.5) lower St. Johns River. There was no trend for the south (τ =.157; N.S.) section of the river. Catch per landing showed no significant trends for the north (τ =.13; N.S.), south (τ =.185; N.S.) or whole (τ =.13; N.S.) lower St. Johns River. 33

34 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix 3.2.1c A comparison of monthly mean number of Atlantic Croaker per 21.3 m haul seine for north, middle and southern sections of the lower St. Johns River from 21 to 27. Kendall tau correlation analyses revealed no trends for the north (.16; N.S.), middle (τ =.55; N.S.) or south (τ =.75; N.S.) sections of the lower St. Johns River. Vertical bars represent the standard deviation of each mean monthly value. Net used in this study likely was not the optimal size to determine the number of Atlantic croaker in the area. 34

35 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix Yearly comparison of baitfish landings and landings per trip for the northern and southern sections of the lower St. Johns River from 1994 to 28. Kendall tau correlation analyses revealed no trend in landings for the north (τ =25; N.S.), south (τ =.125; N.S.) and whole (τ =.25; N.S.) lower St. Johns River. Catch per landing showed no significant trends for the north (τ =.128; N.S.), south (τ =.256; N.S.), and whole (τ =.333; N.S.) lower St. Johns River. 35

36 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix 3.3.2a Yearly comparison of commercial landings and landing per trip of blue crabs for the northern and southern sections of the lower St. Johns River from 1994 to 28. Kendall tau correlation analyses revealed no trend in landings for the north (τ =.77; N.S.) south (τ =.51; N.S.) or whole (τ =.128; N.S.) lower St. Johns River. Catch per landing showed no significant trends for the north (τ =.128; N.S.), south (τ =.1; N.S.) or whole (τ =.26; N.S.) lower St. Johns River. 36

37 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix 3.3.2b A comparison of monthly mean number of blue crab per 183 m haul seine for northern and middle sections of the lower St. Johns River from 21 to 27. Kendall tau correlation analyses revealed an increasing trend for the middle (τ =.238; p<.5) section of the lower St. Johns River. There was no trend for the north river section (τ =.14; N.S.) Vertical bars represent the standard deviation of each mean monthly value. 37

38 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix 3.3.3a A yearly comparison of commercial landings and landings per trip of bait shrimp for the northern and southern sections of the lower St. Johns River from 1994 to 28. Kendall tau correlation analyses revealed no trend in landings for the north (τ =.67; N.S.), south (τ =.21; N.S.) or whole (τ =.128; N.S.) lower St. Johns River. Catch per landing showed no significant trends for the north (τ =.14; N.S.), south (τ =.268; N.S.) or whole (τ =.238; N.S.) lower St. Johns River. Bait shrimp reported for the counties associated with the south section of the river likely were caught in the Intracoastal Waterway (ICW). 38

39 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix 3.3.3b A comparison of monthly mean number of white shrimp per 21.3 m seine for northern and middle sections of the lower St. Johns River from 21 to 27. Kendall tau correlation analyses revealed an increasing trend for the middle (τ =.34; p<.5) lower St. Johns River. There was no trend in landings for the north (τ =.93; N.S.) lower St. Johns River. Vertical bars represent the standard deviation of each mean monthly value. 39

40 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix 3.3.3c A comparison of monthly mean number of pink shrimp per 21.3 m seine for northern and middle sections of the lower St. Johns River from 21 to 25. Kendall tau correlation analyses revealed a decreasing trend for the north (τ =.265; p<.5) lower St. Johns River. There was no trend in landings for the middle (τ =.17; N.S.) lower St. Johns River. Vertical bars represent the standard deviation of each mean monthly value. 4

41 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix 3.3.3d A comparison of monthly mean number of brown shrimp per 21.3 m seine for northern and middle sections of the lower St. Johns River from 21 to 25.. Kendall tau correlation analyses revealed a decreasing trend for the middle (τ =.246; p<.5) lower St. Johns River. There was no trend in landings for the north (τ =.28; N.S.) lower St. Johns River. Vertical bars represent the standard deviation of each mean monthly value. 41

42 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix 3.3.4a A comparison of monthly mean number of stone crab per seine for northern and southern sections of the lower St. Johns River from 21 to 28. Kendall tau correlation analyses revealed no trend in landings for the north (τ =.29; N.S.), south (τ =.48; N.S.) or whole (τ =.143; N.S.) lower St. Johns River. Catch per landing showed no significant trends for the north (τ =.29; N.S.), south (τ =.39; N.S.) or whole (τ =.314; N.S.) lower St. Johns River. Stone crab claws reported for the counties associated with the south section of the river likely were caught in the Intracoastal Waterway (ICW). 42

43 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix: A. SAV Transect locations Map 1. Fuller Warren Bridge Boles Buckman Bridge Doctors Lake Moccasin Slough Hallows Cove 43

44 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix: A. Trends for SAV (GT) sites from Fuller Warren Bridge to Buckman Bridge: Expected fluctuation given environmental conditions. 2 7 Fuller Warren to Buckman 18 Salinity ( ) 6 16 Rainfall (in.) 14 5 Salinity ( ) Rainfall (in.) Year Figure 1. Radar rainfall and salinity. Radar rainfall was negatively correlated over time (τ =-.444; p=.48; n=9); salinity was negatively correlated over time, but this was not significant (τ =-.333; p=.173; n=6) NS; Rainfall and salinity were negatively correlated, but this was not significant (τ =-.289; p=.122; n=1) NS Fuller Warren to Buckman 12 Mean Bed Length Year Figure 2. Mean grass bed length in meters (-27). Mean grass bed length in meters was negatively correlated over time, but this was not significant (τ =-.56; p=.417; n=9) NS; mean bed length was negatively correlated with salinity (τ =-.5; p=.3; n=9). There was no correlation between mean bed length and rainfall. 44

45 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES 1 9 Fuller Warren to Buckman Total Cover (% 28 Year Figure 3. Total cover percent of grass bed (-27). Total cover percent of grass bed was negatively correlated over time, but this was not significant (τ =-.167; p=.266; n=9) NS; There was a negative correlation between total cover percent and salinity (τ =-.611; p=.11; n=9); There was a positive correlation between total cover percent and rainfall, but this was not significant (τ =.222; p=.22; n=9). Mean proportion Vallisneria americancover (%) Fuller Warren to Buckman Year Figure 4. Proportional percent of Tape grass (Vallisineria) cover (-27). Proportional percent of Tape grass (Vallisneria) cover was negatively correlated over time, but this was not significant (τ =-.167; p=.266; n=9) NS; PPVal was negatively correlated with salinity, but this was not significant (τ =-.278; p=.149; n=9) NS; PCVal was positively correlated with rainfall, but was not significant (τ =.111; p=.338; n=9) NS. 45

46 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Table 1. Ranked order of occurrences of SAV species from Fuller Warren to Buckman Bridge. SAV Species Relative % occurrence Vallisneria americana 38 Ruppia maritima 24 Zannichellia palustris 17 Najas guadalupensis 11 Potamogeton pusillus 4 Sagittaria subulata 3 Eleocharis spp. 3 Chara spp. 1 Ceratophyllum demersum Hydrilla verticillata Fontanalis spp. Micranthemum spp. 46

47 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Table 2. Grass bed condition indices, salinity and rainfall (Fuller Warren Bridge to Buckman Bridge). No. of DATE Salinity max. Rainfall Mean Bed SAV Bed Total Cover Proportional (%) Transects ( ) (in.) Length (m) Length (m) (%) Vallisneria Cover Mean SD Data: SJRWMD 28 Table 3. Grass bed condition indices for the east and west banks of SJR between Fuller Warren Bridge and Buckman Bridge. Location Statistic Mean Bed Length (m) SAV Bed Length (m) Total Cover (%) Proportional (%) Vallisneria Cover East bank SJR Mean Transects SD West bank SJR Mean Transects SD

48 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix: A. Trends for SAV (GT) sites from Buckman Bridge to Hallows Cove: Expected fluctuation given environmental conditions. 2 7 Buckman to Hallows Cove 18 Salinity ( ) 6 16 Rainfall (in.) 14 5 Salinity ( ) Rainfall (in.) Year Figure 1. Radar rainfall and salinity. Radar rainfall was negatively correlated over time, but this was not significant (τ =-.143; p=.238; n=14) NS; salinity was negatively correlated over time, but this was not significant (τ =.23; p=.116; n=15) NS; Rainfall and salinity were negatively correlated, but this was not significant (τ =-.265; p=.93; n=14) NS Buckman to Hallows Cove 12 Mean Bed Length Year Figure 2. Mean grass bed length in meters (-27). Mean grass bed length in meters was positively correlated over time, but this was not significant (τ =.56; p=.417; n=9) NS; mean bed length was negatively correlated with salinity (τ =-.5; p=.19; n=9). Mean bed length and rainfall were positively correlated (τ =.444; p=.48; n=9). 48

49 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES 1 9 Buckman to Hallows Cove Total Cover (% Year Figure 3. Total cover percent of grass bed (-27). Total cover percent of grass bed was positively correlated over time, but this was not significant (τ =.222; p=.22; n=9) NS; There was a negative correlation between total cover percent and salinity (τ =-.5; p=.3; n=9); There was a positive correlation between total cover percent and rainfall, but this was not significant (τ =.278; p=.149; n=9) NS. 1 Mean proportion Vallisneria americancover (%) Buckman to Hallows Cove Year Figure 4. Proportional percent of Tape grass (Vallisneria) cover (-27). Proportional percent of Tape grass (Vallisneria) cover was negatively correlated over time (τ =-.722; p=.3; n=9); PPVal was negatively correlated with salinity, but this was not significant (τ =-.333; p=.15; n=9) NS; there was no correlation between PCVal and rainfall. 49

50 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Table 1. Ranked order of occurrences of SAV species from Buckman Bridge to Hallows Cove. SAV Species Relative % occurrence Vallisneria americana 54 Ruppia maritime 15 Najas guadalupensis 12 Chara spp. 4 Zannichellia palustris 4 Sagittaria subulata 3 Eleocharis spp. 2 Micranthemum spp. 2 Ceratophyllum demersum 2 Potamogeton pusillus 2 Hydrilla verticillata Fontanalis spp. 5

51 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Table 2. Grass bed condition indices, salinity and rainfall (Buckman Bridge to Hallows Cove). No. of DATE Salinity max. Rainfall Mean Bed SAV Bed Total Cover Proportional (%) Transects ( ) (in.) Length (m) Length (m) (%) Vallisneria Cover Mean SD Data: SJRWMD 28 Table 3. Grass bed condition indices for the east and west banks of SJR between Buckman Bridge to Hallows Cove. Location Statistic Mean Bed Length (m) SAV Bed Length (m) Total Cover (%) Proportional (%) Vallisneria Cover East bank SJR Mean Transects SD West bank SJR Mean Transects SD

52 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix: B. SAV Transect locations Map 2. Hallows Cove Scratch Ankle Federal Point 52

53 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix: B. Trends for SAV (GT) sites from Hallows Cove to Federal Point: Expected fluctuation given environmental conditions Hallows Cove to Federal Point Salinity ( ) Rainfall (in.) Salinity ( ) Rainfall (in.) Year Figure 1. Radar rainfall and salinity. Radar rainfall was negatively correlated over time, but this was not significant (τ =-.143; p=.238; n=14) NS; salinity was negatively correlated over time, but this was not significant (τ =-.222; p=.464; n=1) NS; Rainfall and salinity were negatively correlated, but this was not significant (τ =-.2; p=.21; n=1) NS Hallows Cove to Federal Point 12 Mean Bed Length Year Figure 2. Mean grass bed length in meters (-27). Mean grass bed length in meters was negatively correlated over time, but this was not significant (τ =-.56; p=.417; n=9) NS; mean bed length was positively correlated with salinity, but this was not significant (τ =278; p=.149; n=9). Mean bed length and rainfall were positively correlated but this was not significant (τ =.222; p=.22; n=9) NS. 53

54 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES 1 9 Hallows Cove to Federal Point Total Cover (% 28 Year Figure 3. Total cover percent of grass bed (-27). Total cover percent of grass bed was positively correlated over time, but this was not significant (τ =.222; p=.22; n=9) NS; There was a negative correlation between total cover percent and salinity (τ =-.5; p=.3; n=9); There was a positive correlation between total cover percent and rainfall, but this was not significant (τ =.278; p=.149; n=9) NS. Mean proportion Vallisneria american cover (% Hallows Cove to Federal Point Year Figure 4. Proportional percent of Tape grass (Vallisneria) cover (-27). Proportional percent of Tape grass (Vallisneria) cover was negatively correlated over time (τ =-.611; p=.11; n=9); PPVal was negatively correlated with salinity (τ =-.5; p=.3; n=9); there was a positive correlation between PCVal and rainfall, but this was not significant (τ =.111; p=.338; n=9) NS. 54

55 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Table 1. Ranked order of occurrences of SAV species from Hallows Cove to Federal Point. SAV Species Relative % occurrence Vallisneria americana 43 Najas guadalupensis 15 Ruppia maritima 11 Sagittaria subulata 9 Zannichellia palustris 5 Micranthemum spp. 4 Chara spp. 3 Ceratophyllum demersum 3 Eleocharis spp. 2 Hydrilla verticillata 2 Potamogeton pusillus 2 Fontanalis spp. 1 55

56 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Table 2. Grass bed condition indices, salinity and rainfall (Hallows Cove to Federal Point). No. of DATE Salinity max. Rainfall Mean Bed SAV Bed Total Cover Proportional (%) Transects ( ) (in.) Length (m) Length (m) (%) Vallisneria Cover Mean SD Data: SJRWMD 28 Table 3. Grass bed condition indices for the east and west banks of SJR between Hallows Cove to Federal Point. SAV Location Statistic Mean Bed Length (m) Bed Length (m) Total Cover (%) Proportional (%) Vallisneria Cover East bank SJR Mean Transects SD West bank SJR Mean Transects SD

57 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix: C. SAV Transect locations Map 3. Federal Point Rice Creek Palatka Mud Creek Cove 57

58 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix: C. Trends for SAV (GT) sites from Federal Point to Palatka: Expected fluctuation given environmental conditions Federal Point to Palatka Salinity ( ) Rainfall (in.) Salinity ( ) Rainfall (in.) Year Figure 1. Radar rainfall and salinity (note assumed the same as in the previous section). Radar rainfall was negatively correlated over time, but this was not significant (τ =-.143; p=.238; n=14) NS; salinity was negatively correlated over time, but this was not significant (τ =-.222; p=.464; n=1) NS; Rainfall and salinity were negatively correlated, but this was not significant (τ =-.2; p=.21; n=1) NS Federal Point to Palatka 12 Mean Bed Length (m Year Figure 2. Mean grass bed length in meters (-27). Mean grass bed length in meters was negatively correlated over time, but this was not significant (τ =-.167; p=.266; n=9) NS; mean bed length was negatively correlated with salinity, but this was not significant (τ =.56; p=.417; n=9). Mean bed length and rainfall were positively correlated but this was not significant (τ =.333; p=.15; n=9) NS. 58

59 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES 1 9 Federal Point to Palatka Total Cover (%) 28 Year Figure 3. Total cover percent of grass bed (-27). Total cover percent of grass bed was positively correlated over time (τ =.444; p=.48; n=9); There was a negative correlation between total cover percent and salinity (τ =-.444; p=.48; n=9); There was a negative correlation between total cover percent and rainfall, but this was not significant (τ =.56; p=.417; n=9) NS. Mean proportion Vallisneria americancover (%) Federal Point to Palatka Year Figure 4. Proportional percent of Tape grass (Vallisneria) cover (-27). 28 Proportional percent of Tape grass (Vallisneria) cover was negatively correlated over time (τ =-.5; p=.3; n=9); PPVal was positively correlated with salinity, but this was not significant (τ =.56; p=.417; n=9); there was a negative correlation between PCVal and rainfall, but this was not significant (τ =-.222; p=.22; n=9) NS. 59

60 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Table 1. Ranked order of occurrences of SAV species from Federal Point to Palatka. SAV Species Relative % occurrence Vallisneria Americana 38 Najas guadalupensis 22 Hydrilla verticillata 7 Sagittaria subulata 7 Potamogeton pusillus 6 Ceratophyllum demersum 6 Zannichellia palustris 5 Chara spp. 4 Micranthemum spp. 3 Eleocharis spp. 2 Ruppia maritima 1 Fontanalis spp. 6

61 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Table 2. Grass bed condition indices, salinity and rainfall (Federal Point to Palatka). No. of DATE Salinity max. Rainfall Mean Bed SAV_Bed Total Cover Proportional (%) Transects ( ) (in.) Length (m) Length (m) (%) Vallisneria Cover Mean SD Data: SJRWMD 28 Table 3. Grass bed condition indices for the east and west banks of SJR between Federal Point to Palatka. Location Statistic Mean Bed Length (m) SAV Bed Length (m) Total Cover (%) Proportional (%) Vallisneria Cover East bank SJR Mean Transects SD West bank SJR Mean Transects SD Note: From Rice Creek to Palatka (4 sites) SAV decreasing to nothing. 61

62 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix: C. Trends for SAV (GT) sites from Palatka to Mud Creek Cove: Expected fluctuation given environmental conditions. 1 7 Palatka to Mud Creek Cove.9 Salinity ( ) 6 Rainfall (in.) Salinity ( ) Rainfall (in.) Year Figure 1. Radar rainfall and salinity. Radar rainfall was negatively correlated over time, but this was not significant (τ =-.143; p=.238; n=14) NS; There was no correlation for salinity over time; Rainfall and salinity were negatively correlated, but this was not significant (τ =.195; p=.269; n=7) NS Palatka to Mud Creek Cove 12 Mean Bed Length (m Year Figure 2. Mean grass bed length in meters (-27). Mean grass bed length in meters was negatively correlated over time (τ =-.571; p=.24; n=8); mean bed length was positively correlated with salinity, but this was not significant (τ =.4; p=.164; n=5) NS. Mean bed length and rainfall were negatively correlated, but this was not significant (τ =-.214; p=.229; n=8) NS. 62

63 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES 1 9 Palatka to Mud Creek Cove Total Cover (% 28 Year Figure 3. Total cover percent of grass bed (-27). Total cover percent of grass bed was negatively correlated over time, but this was not significant (τ =-.286; p=.161; n=8); There was a positive correlation between total cover percent and salinity, but this was not significant (τ =.4; p=.164; n=5); There was a negative correlation between total cover percent and rainfall, but this was not significant (τ =-.214; p=.229; n=8) NS. Mean proportion Vallisneria americancover (%) Palatka to Mud Creek Cove Year Figure 4. Proportional percent of Tape grass (Vallisneria) cover (-27). Proportional percent of Tape grass (Vallisneria) cover was negatively correlated over time, but this was not significant (τ =-.286; p=.161; n=8) NS; PPVal was negatively correlated with salinity, but this was not significant (τ =-.4; p=.164; n=5); there was a positive correlation between PCVal and rainfall, but this was not significant (τ =.214; p=.229; n=8) NS. 63

64 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Table 1. Ranked order of occurrences of SAV species from Palatka to Mud Creek Cove. SAV Species Relative % occurrence Vallisneria americana 41 Najas guadalupensis 15 Sagittaria subulata 14 Zannichellia palustris 13 Ceratophyllum demersum 1 Chara spp. 3 Eleocharis spp. 2 Hydrilla verticillata 1 Ruppia maritima Potamogeton pusillus Micranthemum spp. Fontanalis spp. 64

65 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Table 2. Grass bed condition indices, salinity and rainfall (Palatka to Mud Creek Cove). No. of DATE Salinity max. Rainfall Mean Bed SAV Bed Total Cover Proportional (%) Transects ( ) (in.) Length (m) Length (m) (%) Vallisneria Cover Mean SD Data: SJRWMD 28 Table 3. Grass bed condition indices for the east and west banks of SJR between Palatka to Mud Creek Cove. SAV Location Statistic Mean Bed Length (m) Bed Length (m) Total Cover (%) Proportional (%) Vallisneria Cover East bank SJR Mean Transects SD Transects bare or no data West bank SJR Mean Transects SD Transects bare or no data 65

66 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix: D. Transect locations Map 4. Crescent Lake 66

67 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES 7 6 Appendix: D. Trends for SAV (GT) sites in Crescent Lake: Expected fluctuation given environmental conditions. Crescent Lake 5 Rainfall (in.) Year Figure 1. Radar rainfall. Radar rainfall was negatively correlated over time, but this was not significant (τ =-.143; p=.238; n=14) NS Crescent Lake 12 Mean Bed Length Year Figure 2. Mean grass bed length in meters (21-27). Mean grass bed length in meters was negatively correlated over time, but this was not significant (τ =-.13; p=.373; n=7) NS. Mean bed length and rainfall were negatively correlated, but this was not significant (τ =-.13; p=.373; n=7) NS. 67

68 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES 1 9 Crescent Lake 8 7 Total Cover (% Year Figure 3. Total cover percent of grass bed (21-27). Total cover percent of grass bed was negatively correlated over time, but this was not significant (τ =-.39; p=.165; n=7) NS. There was a negative correlation between total cover percent and rainfall, but this was not significant (τ =-.13; p=.373; n=7) NS. 1 Mean proportion Vallisneria americancover (%) Crescent Lake Year Figure 4. Proportional percent of Tape grass (Vallisineria) cover (-27). Proportional percent of Tape grass (Vallisneria) cover was negatively correlated over time, but this was not significant (τ =-.26; p=.258; n=7) NS. There was no correlation between PCVal and rainfall. 68

69 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Table 1. Ranked order of occurrences of SAV species in Crescent Lake. SAV Species Relative % occurrence Vallisneria americana 76 Najas guadalupensis 12 Hydrilla verticillata 9 Chara spp. 3 Ruppia maritima Sagittaria subulata Zannichellia palustris Micranthemum spp. Ceratophyllum demersum Eleocharis spp. Potamogeton pusillus Fontanalis spp. 69

70 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Table 2. Grass bed condition indices, salinity and rainfall (Crescent Lake). No. of DATE Salinity max. Rainfall Mean Bed SAV Bed Total Cover Proportional (%) Transects ( ) (in.) Length (m) Length (m) (%) Vallisneria Cover Mean SD Data: SJRWMD 28 Table 3. Grass bed condition indices for the east and west banks of Crescent Lake. Location Statistic Mean Bed Length (m) SAV Bed Length (m) Total Cover (%) Proportional (%) Vallisneria Cover East bank SJR Mean Transects SD Transects bare or no data West bank SJR Mean Transects SD Transects bare or no data Note: SAV most depleted towards the southern sites within Crescent Lake. 7

71 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Table 3. Salinity, rainfall and grass bed indices for six sections of St. Johns River from Fuller Warren Bridge to Mud Creek Cove. River or lake Salinity max. Rainfall ave. Mean Bed SAV Bed Total Cover Proportional (%) Section ( ) (in.) Length (m) Length (m) (%) Vallisneria Cover Fuller Warren to Buckman 8.91 (4.96) 4.11 (.86) (27.) (34.51) 3.81 (22.57) (2.59) Buckman to Hallows Cove 8.16 (4.78) 4.11 (.86) (13.57) (28.15) 59.5 (16.57) 69.1 (1.35) Hallows Cove to Federal Point 1.42 (1.19) 4.11 (.86) (11.32) (16.31) (11.38) 56.6 (5.36) Federal Point to Palatka 1.42 (1.19) 4.11 (.86) (15.96) (12.1) (8.84) 54.5 (8.39) Palatka to Mud Creek Cove.61 (.12) 4.11 (.86) (4.66) 6.25 (4.7) 43.7 (17.46) 7.19 (27.95) Crescent Lake (.86) (22.19) (15.22) (27.87) (46.43) Fuller Warren to Buckman East bank of SJR 88. (77.39) (81.31) 39.1 (36.73) (36.75) Buckman to Hallows Cove East bank of SJR (41.1) (44.66) 63.8 (24.88) 67.9 (19.14) Hallows Cove to Federal Point East bank of SJR (25.9) (29.13) (23.98) (21.7) Federal Point to Palatka East bank of SJR (82.31) 47.3 (46.57) (21.93) (23.44) Palatka to Mud Creek Cove East bank of SJR (6.33) 6.77 (5.2) (25.19) 8.91 (25.52) Crescent Lake East bank of lake (16.16) (23.85) (29.67) (12.51) Fuller Warren to Buckman West bank of SJR (23.94) (2.53) (28.46) (41.6) Buckman to Hallows Cove West bank of SJR (96.34) (88.27) (24.85) 7.39 (24.64) Hallows Cove to Federal Point West bank of SJR 8.49 (39.82) (43.82) 7.85 (24.82) 54.5 (19.94) Federal Point to Palatka West bank of SJR 6.33 (14.28) 5.2 (2.69) (29.79) (3.23) Palatka to Mud Creek Cove West bank of SJR (1.26) (8.8) (27.95) (2.44) Crescent Lake East bank of lake (14.47) (18.11) (35.4) (2.55) Source data: SJRWMD 28 Note: Numbers in parentheses indicate Standard Deviation of the mean. Rainfall average is for the whole LSJRB area 2, sq.miles 71

72 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Summary of grass bed indices for six sections of LSJRB: (1) Grass bed length. Fuller Warren to Buckman: Mean grass bed length was negatively correlated over time, but this was not significant (τ =-.56; p=.417; n=9). The trend showed a slight increase from -6 after recovery from drought, and then sharp decline during the drought of Bed length was negatively correlated with salinity (τ =-.5; p=.3; n=9). Buckman to Hallows Cove: Mean grass bed length was positively correlated over time, but this was not significant (τ =.56; p=.417; n=9); mean bed length was negatively correlated with salinity (τ =-.5; p=.19; n=9), and mean bed length and rainfall were positively correlated (τ =.444; p=.48; n=9). The trend was flat with a peak above the norm in 24. Hallows Cove to Federal Point: Mean grass bed length was negatively correlated over time, but this was not significant (τ =-.56; p=.417; n=9). The trend was dynamic showing a decline from to 23, followed by increase in 24, and then a decline in 25. Since 25, bed length increased back to a high point in 27. Federal Point to Palatka: Mean grass bed length was negatively correlated over time, but this was not significant (τ =-.167; p=.266; n=9). The trend was dynamic showing an increase from to 24, followed by decline (24-26), and then an increase from a low point in 26 to a more normal level in 27. Palatka to Mud Creek Cove: Mean grass bed length was negatively correlated over time (τ =-.571; p=.24; n=8). The trend showed a decline from to 26, with a recovery in 27. Crescent Lake: Mean grass bed length was negatively correlated over time, but this was not significant (τ =-.13; p=.373; n=7). The trend showed declines from 21 to 23 (zero), recovery in 24, followed by a decline in 25 and 26 (zero). In 27 the trend was increasing again. (2) Total percent cover by SAV. Fuller Warren to Buckman: Total cover percent was negatively correlated over time, but this was not significant (τ =-.167; p=.266; n=9). There was a negative correlation between total cover percent and salinity (τ =-.611; p=.11; n=9), and there was a positive correlation between total cover percent and rainfall, but this was not significant (τ =.222; p=.22; n=9). The trend showed increase from a low in to a high 24, followed by a decrease to a low in 27 which was less than that in. Buckman to Hallows Cove: Total cover percent was positively correlated over time, but this was not significant (τ =.222; p=.22; n=9). There was a negative correlation between total cover percent and salinity (τ =-.5; p=.3; n=9), and a positive correlation between total cover percent and rainfall, but this was not significant (τ =.278; p=.149; n=9). The trend showed increase from a low in to a high 24, followed by a decrease to a low similar to that in by 27. Hallows Cove to Federal Point: Total cover percent of grass bed was positively correlated over time, but this was not significant (τ =.222; p=.22; n=9). There was a negative correlation between total cover percent and salinity (τ =-.5; p=.3; n=9), and a positive correlation between total cover percent and rainfall, but this was not significant (τ =.278; p=.149; n=9). The trend was relatively flat from to 24, after which it decreased sharply to a low in 25. From 25 to 27, the trend has been increasing to a level below the peak of 24. Federal Point to Palatka: Total cover percent of grass bed was positively correlated over time (τ =.444; p=.48; n=9). There was a negative correlation between total cover percent and salinity (τ =-.444; p=.48; n=9), and a negative correlation between total cover percent and rainfall, but this was not significant (τ =.56; p=.417; n=9). The trend was increasing from to 24, after which it decreased slightly to a low in 25. From 25 to 27, the trend increased sharply surpassing previous highs. Palatka to Mud Creek Cove: Total cover percent of grass bed was negatively correlated over time, but this was not significant (τ =-.286; p=.161; n=8). The trend decreased from a high in 21 to a low in 24, after which it increased to almost the 21 high by 27. Crescent Lake: Total cover percent of grass bed was negatively correlated over time, but this was not significant (τ =-.39; p=.165; n=7). There was a negative correlation between total cover percent and rainfall, but this was not significant (τ =-.13; p=.373; n=7). The trend showed declines from 21 to 23 (zero), a slight recovery in 24, followed by a decline in 25 and 26 (zero). In 27 the trend was increasing again. (3) Proportional percent covered by tape grass. Fuller Warren to Buckman: The proportional percent of Tape grass (Vallisneria) cover was negatively correlated over time, but this was not significant (τ =-.167; p=.266; n=9). The proportional percent of Tape grass was negatively correlated with salinity, but this was not significant (τ =-.278; p=.149; n=9), and was positively correlated with rainfall, but was not significant (τ =.111; p=.338; n=9). The trend was increasing from to 24, was relatively flat from 24 to 26, and then decreased sharply to a low in

73 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Buckman to Hallows Cove: The proportional percent of Tape grass (Vallisneria) cover was negatively correlated over time (τ =-.722; p=.3; n=9). The trend was relatively flat from to 23, and then decreased from a high in 23 to a low in 27. Hallows Cove to Federal Point: The proportional percent of Tape grass (Vallisneria) cover was negatively correlated over time (τ =-.611; p=.11; n=9), and was negatively correlated with salinity (τ =-.5; p=.3; n=9). There was a shallow decreasing trend from to 27. Federal Point to Palatka: The proportional percent of Tape grass (Vallisneria) cover was negatively correlated over time (τ =-.5; p=.3; n=9). The trend was decreasing from a high in to a low in 22. Then the trend was relatively flat from 22 to 26, and then increasing from the low in 26 to below levels by 27. Palatka to Mud Creek Cove: The proportional percent of Tape grass (Vallisneria) cover was negatively correlated over time, but this was not significant (τ =-.286; p=.161; n=8). The trend showed an increase from to 22, and then a shallow decrease from 22 to 24. There was a further sharp decrease to a low in 25, and then the trend increased sharply in 26 and continues to increase at a slower rate in 27. Levels in 27 were still below those in 24 levels. Crescent Lake: Proportional percent of Tape grass (Vallisneria) cover was negatively correlated over time, but this was not significant (τ =-.26; p=.258; n=7). The trend showed declines from 22 to 23 (zero), a recovery in 24, followed by a decline in 25 and 26 (zero). In 27 the trend was increasing again. 73

74 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix: E. Rainfall, Hurricanes, and El Nino. Kendall tau correlation analysis indicated a decreasing trend in rainfall for the years (τ = -.866; p=.24; n=64). The latter, represents a prolonged period of severe drought (coincides with El Nino year). This was followed by an increasing trend from -25 (τ =.733; p=.6; n=48), when rainfall averages approached and exceeded the norm by 25. Following 25, another drought ensued (25-26) and rainfall declined faster and in a shorter period of time than previously. From 26-28, although exhibiting an increasing trend, rainfall remained below the expected norm (Figure 1, 2) Monthly Rainfall LSJRB Rainfall (in.) Year Figure 1. Monthly average radar rainfall for LSJRB (Jun 1995-Nov 28). Solid line (mean), vertical lines (maximum and minimum), and bars (Standard Deviation of the mean). Average of monthly rainfall for periods and were not significantly different (dotted line). The average monthly rainfall for the LSJRB was 4.32 inches ( ) and 4.11 inches ( ). Data source: SJRWMD Annual Rainfall Totals LSJRB Rainfall (in.) 5 Total rain /Yr. LT_mean Year 22 Figure 2. Annual rainfall totals for LSJRB (Jun 1995-Nov 28). Long term mean (dotted line) inches (SD ± 7.8 inches). Data source: SJRWMD Rainfall can be affected by larger global scale weather events such as El Niño and La Niña that also influence where hurricanes develop in the Atlantic (Table 1). During El Niño fewer hurricanes and major hurricanes develop in the deep Tropics off western Africa. During La Niña more hurricanes form off the western African coast, and these systems have greater potential for developing 74

75 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES into major hurricanes that could impact the U.S. and Caribbean region. The probability for the continental U.S. and the Caribbean Islands to experience a hurricane increase during La Niña, and decrease during El Niño (NOAA CPC, 29). Northeast Florida is that there exist a natural and somewhat unpredictable cycle of periodic droughts. More recently, a number of these factors have had a cumulative effect in the way they impact the ecology of the LSJRB. The late 199 s experienced a period of declining rainfall which was one of the worse drought periods in Florida history. The effect of El Niño (-) was the severest to date which had the effect of exacerbating drought conditions more. Then from -25 rainfall gradually increased on an annual basis again. In 26, rainfall decreased abruptly and was followed by a shorter period of drought before increasing again in The normal average monthly rainfall for the period was 4.32 inches (Donthamsetti et al., 1989), was similar for the period (4.11 inches). Table 1. Hurricanes affecting LSJRB and El Niño years. Year Storm Storm Name Date El Niño order type La Niña H ALLISON JUN H ERIN JUL 31-AUG 6 1 T JERRY AUG Total number of storms 19 1 T ARTHUR JUN La Niña 2 H BERTHA JUL T JOSEPHINE OCT 4-6 Total number of storms 13 1 ST no name JUN 1-2 El Niño 5 H DANNY JUL Total number of storms 8 2 H BONNIE AUG H EARL AUG 31-SEPT 3 7 H GEORGES SEP 15-OCT 1 Total number of storms H DENNIS AUG 24-SEP 7 La Niña 6 H FLOYD SEP H IRENE OCT Total number of storms 12 7 H GORDON SEP La Niña 12 T LESLIE OCT 4-7 Total number of storms T BARRY AUG 2-7 La Niña Total number of storms 15 H=Hurricane; TS=Tropical storm; ST=Sub-Tropical storm 75

76 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Table 1 cont. Hurricanes affecting LSJRB and El Niño years. Year Storm Storm Name Date El Niño order type La Niña 22 5 T EDOUARD SEP 1-6 El Niño SEP 2-OCT 11 H KYLE 12 Total number of storms T HENRI SEP 3-8 Total number of storms T BONNIE AUG 3-13 El Niño 3 H CHARLEY AUG 9-14 AUG 25-SEP 6 H FRANCIS 8 9 H IVAN SEP H JEANNE SEP13-28 Total number of storms H OPHELIA SEP T TAMMY OCT 5-6 Total number of storms T ALBERTO JUN 1-14 El Niño AUG 24-SEP 6 H ERNESTO 1 Total number of storms ST ANDREA MAY 9-11 La Niña 2 T BARRY JUN 1-2 Total number of storms TS FAY AUG La Niña AUG 28-SEP 8 H HANNA 7 9 H IKE SEP 1-14 Total number of storms 16 H=Hurricane; TS=Tropical storm; ST=Sub-Tropical storm 76

77 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix: F. Salinity. Information in this section includes annual salinity variations at the following locations: JU, Boles, Buckman Bridge, Moccasin Slough, Doctors Lake, Scratch Ankle, and Rice Creek. 35 Salinity ( ) JU Year Figure 1. Salinity on the bottom of SJR (near JU) numbers indicate maxima. Solid line (mean), vertical lines (maximum and minimum), and bars (Standard Deviation of the mean). Data source: Dana Morton, Environmental Quality Division, City of Jacksonville. JU mean (SD±3.73) for the maxima BOLES Salinity ( ) Year Figure 2. Salinity at SAV monitoring site (near Boles School) numbers indicate maxima. Solid line (mean), vertical lines (maximum and minimum), and bars (Standard Deviation of the mean). For map location see Appendix A. Data source: SJRWMD 28. Boles mean (SD±7.83) for the maxima

78 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES BUCKMAN 18 Salinity ( ) Year Figure 3. Salinity at SAV monitoring site (near Buckman Bridge) numbers indicate maxima. Solid line (mean), vertical lines (maximum and minimum), and bars (Standard Deviation of the mean). For map location see Appendix A. Data source: SJRWMD 28. Buckman mean 8.91 (SD±4.96) for the maxima MOCCASIN SLOUGH 18 Salinity ( ) Year Figure 4. Salinity at SAV monitoring site near Moccasin Slough numbers indicate maxima. Solid line (mean), vertical lines (maximum and minimum), and bars (Standard Deviation of the mean). For map location see Appendix A. Data source: SJRWMD 28. Moccasin Slough mean 7.46 (SD±5.13) for the maxima

79 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES DOCTORS LAKE Salinity ( ) Year Figure 5. Salinity in SJR ~ 1 m south of Doctors Lake (west bank) numbers indicate maxima. Solid line (mean), vertical lines (maximum and minimum), and bars (Standard Deviation of the mean). For map location see Appendix A. Data source: Dana Morton, Environmental Quality Division, City of Jacksonville. Doctors Lake mean 8.18 (SD±4.99) for the maxima Salinity ( ) SCRATCH ANKLE Year Figure 6. Salinity at SAV monitoring site near Scratch Ankle numbers indicate maxima. Solid line (mean), vertical lines (maximum and minimum), and bars (Standard Deviation of the mean). For map location see Appendix B. Data source: SJRWMD 28. Scratch Ankle mean 1.42 (SD±1.19) for the maxima. 79

80 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES 1 Salinity ( ) RICE CREEK *=Sept Year * Figure 7. Salinity at SAV monitoring site near Rice Creek numbers indicate maxima. Solid line (mean), vertical lines (maximum and minimum), and bars (Standard Deviation of the mean). For map location see Appendix C. Data source: SJRWMD 28. Rice Creek mean.61 (SD±.12 for the maxima. 8

81 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES APPENDIX 4.2.A. REGULATORY DEFINITIONS OF WETLANDS The St. Johns River Water Management District (SJRWMD) issues permits pursuant to part IV of Chapter 373, F.S. (the Florida Department of Environmental Regulation delegated authority over wetland permitting to the SJRWMD in ). The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers issues permits pursuant to Section 44 of the Clean Water Act, Section 1 of the Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899, or Section 13 of the Marine Protection, Research and Sanctuaries Act. GOVERNMENTAL ENTITY (REFERENCE) U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Cowardin et al. 1979) U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (33 CFR 328.3) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (4 CFR 23.3) U.S. Soil Conservation Service (National Food Security Act Manual ) (The Act is commonly known as the ʺSwampbusterʺ) State of Florida (Section (17) of the Florida Statutes, and Section (19) of the Florida Administrative Code) WETLAND DEFINITION ʺWetlands are lands transitional between terrestrial and aquatic systems where the water table is usually at or near the surface or the land is covered by shallow water. For the purposes of this classification wetlands must have one or more of the following three attributes: (1) at least periodically, the land supports predominantly hydrophytes; (2) the substrate is predominantly undrained hydric soil; and (3) the substrate is nonsoil and is saturated with water or covered by shallow water at some time during the growing season of each year.ʺ ʺWetlands are those areas that are inundated or saturated by surface or groundwater at a frequency and duration sufficient to support, and that under normal circumstances do support, a prevalence of vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions. Wetlands generally include swamps, marshes, bogs, and similar areas.ʺ ʺWetlands are defined as areas that have a predominance of hydric soils and that are inundated or saturated by surface or ground water at a frequency and duration sufficient to support, and under normal circumstances do support, a prevalence of hydrophytic vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions, except lands in Alaska identified as having high potential for agricultural development and a predominance of permafrost soils.ʺ ʺʹWetlandsʹ... means those areas that are inundated or saturated by surface water or ground water at a frequency and a duration sufficient to support, and [that] under normal circumstances do support, a prevalence of vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated soils. Soils present in wetlands generally are classified as hydric or alluvial, or possess characteristics that are associated with reducing soil conditions. The prevalent vegetation in wetlands generally consists of facultative or obligate hydrophytic macrophytes that are typically adapted to areas having soil conditions described above. These species, due to morphological, physiological, or reproductive adaptations, have the ability to grow, reproduce or persist in aquatic environments or anaerobic soil conditionsʺ (F.S (17) 1995) 81

82 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES APPENDIX 4.2.B. THE HISTORY OF FLORIDAʹS WETLANDS Constants used in calculations: LAND (acres) 34,647,4 WATER (acres) 2,831,36 TOTAL SURFACE AREA (acres) 37,478,4 DATE GENERALIZED TIME PERIOD TOTAL ESTIMATED WETLANDS (acres) FOR TIME PERIOD 178's early 19's 2,325, early 19's 2,3, AVERAGED ESTIMATES FOR GENERALIZED TIME PERIOD SOURCE Dahl, T.E Wetlands Losses in the United States, 178's to 198's. U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington, D.C. 13 pp. Wright, James O Swamp and Overflowed Lands in the United States: Ownership and Reclamation, Office of the Experiment Stations Circular 76. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Agriculture. (as cited in Meindl 25) PERCENT OF THE TOTAL SURFACE AREA OF FLORIDA REPRESENTED BY WETLANDS GAIN/LOSS OF WETLANDS DURING GENERALIZED TIME PERIOD PERCENT OF THEORETICAL 1% REMAINING INTACT AFTER TIME PERIOD ANALYZED ANNUAL GAIN/LOSS OF WETLANDS PER YEAR ESTIMATED CUMULATIV E WETLANDS GAIN/LOSS IN FLORIDA (acres) 54.23% 54.16% early 19's 2,312, % 1.% 's 16,846, 's 17,9, Gray, L.C., O.E. Baker, F.J. Marschner, and B.O. Weitz. "The Utilization of Our Lands for Crops, Pasture and Forests." in U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Yearbook U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., (as cited in Meindl 25) Stoutamire, Ralph. Drainage and Water Control in Florida, Florida Department of Agriculture Bulletin 51, Tallahassee, Florida, (as cited in Meindl 25) 44.95% 3,479, % 2,425,13 NOTES The first estimates of wetlands in Florida were based on the acreage granted to the State of Florida under the authority of the Swamp Lands Act of 185. Dahl, T.E., G.J. Allord History of wetlands in the conterminous United States. In National Water Summary Wetland Resources: TECHNICAL ASPECTS. U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper Experts agree that relatively little wetland loss occurred in Florida prior to 197 (Meindl 25). This is the starting point for future comparisons. 82

83 DATE AVERAGED ESTIMATES FOR GENERALIZED TIME PERIOD GENERALIZED TIME PERIOD TOTAL ESTIMATED WETLANDS (acres) FOR TIME PERIOD SOURCE LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES PERCENT OF THE TOTAL SURFACE AREA OF FLORIDA REPRESENTED BY WETLANDS GAIN/LOSS OF WETLANDS DURING GENERALIZED TIME PERIOD PERCENT OF THEORETICAL 1% REMAINING INTACT AFTER TIME PERIOD ANALYZED ANNUAL GAIN/LOSS OF WETLANDS PER YEAR ESTIMATED CUMULATIV E WETLANDS GAIN/LOSS IN FLORIDA (acres) 192's 17,373, 46.35% 2,939, % 146,975 2,939, mid 195's 17,2, 1954 mid 195's 12,779, AVERAGED ESTIMATES FOR GENERALIZED TIME PERIOD Shaw, Samuel P., and C. Gordon Fredine Wetlands of the United States: Their Extent and Their Value to Waterfowl and Other Wildlife, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Circular 39. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of the Interior, (as cited in Meindl 25) Hefner, John M "Wetlands in Florida: 195s to 197s," Proceedings of the Conference: Managing cumulative Effects in Florida Wetlands, ed. E.D. Estevez, J. Miller, J. Morris, and R. Hamman, Omnipress: Madison, WI. (as cited in Meindl 25) 45.89% 7, 34.1% mid 195's 14,989,5 4.% 2,383, % 79,45 5,323, mid 197's 8,3, 1974 mid 197's 11,334, mid 197's mid 197's 11,298,6 Hampson, Paul S Wetlands in Florida, Florida Bureau of Geology Map Series 19, Tallahassee, Florida: Florida Bureau of Geology. (as cited in Meindl 25) Hefner, John M "Wetlands in Florida: 195s to 197s," Proceedings of the Conference: Managing cumulative Effects in Florida Wetlands, ed. E.D. Estevez, J. Miller, J. Morris, and R. Hamman, Omnipress: Madison, WI. (as cited in Meindl 25) Frayer, W.E., and J.M. Hefner Florida Wetlands: Status and Trends, 197 s to 198 s. U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Atlanta, Georgia. 33 pp % 4,479, NOTES Because Florida's population was relatively modest at the time, experts agree that it is hard to believe that almost 3 million acres of wetlands were lost between 197 and the early 192's (Meindl 25). Bases on aerial photographs. Agriculture was most significant source of wetlands loss, especially in the marshes forming the headwaters of the St. Johns River near Fellsmere (Meindl 25) Based on satellite imagery. Aerial photo interpretation techniques are more accurate for wetland identification than satellite data (Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) Application of Satellite Data for Mapping and Monitoring Wetlands, FGDC Wetlands Subcommittee Technical Report I. Reston, Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey) 3.24% 1,445, Based on a subsample of aerial photographs. 3.15% 3,69,9 Based on a different subsample of aerial photographs. 83

84 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES DATE AVERAGED ESTIMATES FOR GENERALIZED TIME PERIOD GENERALIZED TIME PERIOD TOTAL ESTIMATED WETLANDS (acres) FOR TIME PERIOD SOURCE PERCENT OF THE TOTAL SURFACE AREA OF FLORIDA REPRESENTED BY WETLANDS GAIN/LOSS OF WETLANDS DURING GENERALIZED TIME PERIOD PERCENT OF THEORETICAL 1% REMAINING INTACT AFTER TIME PERIOD ANALYZED ANNUAL GAIN/LOSS OF WETLANDS PER YEAR ESTIMATED CUMULATIV E WETLANDS GAIN/LOSS IN FLORIDA (acres) mid 197's 1,31, % 4,678, % 233,932 1,1,64 mid 198's mid 198's 11,38, mid 198's 11,424,5 AVERAGED ESTIMATES FOR GENERALIZED TIME PERIOD Frayer, W.E., and J.M. Hefner Florida Wetlands: Status and Trends, 197 s to 198 s. U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Atlanta, Georgia. 33 pp. Dahl, T.E. 25. Florida s wetlands: an update on status and trends 1985 to. U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington, D.C. 8 pp % 26,3 3.48% 125,9 mid 198's 11,231, % 92, % 92,53 9,81,17 mid 199's 11,371,9 AVERAGED ESTIMATES FOR GENERALIZED TIME PERIOD Dahl, T.E. 25. Florida s wetlands: an update on status and trends 1985 to. U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington, D.C. 8 pp. 3.34% 52,6 mid 199's 11,371,9 3.34% 14, % 14,5 8,94,67 NOTES "Man's assault on wetlands reached its peak during the decades following World War II" (Dahl 1991). Dahl had access to more detailed aerial photos which permitted more precise determination of forested wetlands (Dahl pers. comm., as cited in Meindl 25). Net increases in total wetlands are attributed to increases in manmade freshwater ponds (Dahl 25). When Dahl re analyzed the mid 198 s maps and compared them to mid 199 s maps, he calculated a net loss of wetlands equal to 52,6 acres (Dahl 25). St. Petersburg Times reporters compared satellite images dated late 198's and 23 and found a loss of 84, acres. Pittman, Craig, and Matthew Waite. 25, May 22. St. Peterburg Times Special Report: Florida's Vanishing Wetlands. St. Petersburg Times. < s6/wetlands/> Last modified Dec. 14, 26. Accessed Sept. 21,

85 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES APPENDIX 4.2.C. DETAILS OF WETLAND VEGETATION ANALYSES FORESTED WETLANDS WETLAND HARDWOOD FORESTS WETLAND CONIFEROUS FOREST CONSOLIDATION OF DIFFERING WETLAND CLASSIFICATION SCHEMES 1973 CLASSIFICATION 1973 (sq meters) 199 CLASSIFICATION 199 (sq meters) 1995 CLASSIFICATION 1995 (sq meters) CLASSIFICATION (sq meters) 24 CLASSIFICATION 24 (sq meters) Hardwood Swamp 988,572,27.55 wetland hardwood forests 152, wetland hardwood 49,81.35 wetland hardwood. wetland hardwood. (Riverine) forests forests forests Bayheads & Bogs 39,688, bay swamps 18,2, bay swamps 32,226, bay swamps 41,552, bay swamps 44,644, mangrove swamps. mangrove swamps. mangrove swamps 43, mangrove swamps. gum swamps. titi swamps 11,5.83 river/lake swamp (bottomland) 527,716,15.61 river/lake swamp (bottomland) 229,986, Mangroves. inland ponds and sloughs. Coastal Hammock 16,532,71.44 mixed wetland hardwoods. mixed wetland 83,989, mixed wetland 736,885, mixed wetland 613,363,852.2 hardwoods hardwoods hardwoods cabbage palm wetland 195, cabbage palm wetland. cabbage palm 7,191, cabbage palm 4,531, hammock hammock cabbage palm savannah. cabbage palm savanna. cabbage palm savannah. cabbage palm savannah. wetland coniferous forest 26,377, wetland coniferous 18,74,5.51 wetland coniferous 8, wetland coniferous. forest forest forest Riverine Cypress 25,293,145.6 cypress 123,324, cypress 55,245, cypress 124,85, cypress 129,288, pond pine. forested depressional pine 894, pond pine 319, pond pine 22, southern red cedar. hydric pine flatwoods 121,27, hydric pine flatwoods 14,762,58.99 Cypress Dome 11,413,94.1 cypress - pine - cabbage palm 6,66.25 WETLAND FORESTED MIXED Hydric Hammock 267,543, wetland forested mixed 765,66, wetland forested mixed 1,1,363, wetland forested mixed 433,748,35.31 wetland forested mixed 43,614,994.5 NON-FORESTED WETLANDS VEGETATED NON- FORESTED WETLANDS NON-VEGETATED WETLANDS vegetated non-forested wetlands 78, vegetated nonforested. vegetated non-. vegetated non-. wetlands forested wetlands forested wetlands Fresh Water Marsh 67,126, freshwater marshes 93,798,481. freshwater marshes 73,7, freshwater marshes 65,983, freshwater marshes 45,193, Salt Marsh 81,816, saltwater marshes 71,53, saltwater marshes 73,849, saltwater marshes 74,325, saltwater marshes 74,516, Wet Prairies 12,382, wet prairies 18,21, wet prairies 28,264,9.62 wet prairies 36,587,793.6 wet prairies 94,759, emergent aquatic vegetation 7,939, emergent aquatic vegetation Marine Meadow. submergent aquatic vegetation. submergent aquatic vegetation mixed scrub-shrub wetland 11,585,2.84 mixed scrub-shrub (predominately willow and wax myrtle) wetland non-vegetated wetland 485,286.9 non-vegetated wetland Tidal Flat 55, tidal flats. shorelines (zone between low tide mark. and the farthest point inland to which wave action transports beach materials; beaches are not included here) intermittent ponds. oyster bars. 3,32, emergent aquatic vegetation. 131,813, mixed scrub-shrub wetland non-vegetated Wetland 6,577,31.1 emergent aquatic vegetation 148,597,615.9 mixed scrub-shrub wetland 1,385, non-vegetated Wetland 6,57, ,783, ,

86 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES APPENDIX 4.2.D. CHI SQUARE GOODNESS OF FIT TABLES COMPARING THE PROPORTIONAL CHANGE IN VEGETATION TYPE (FORESTED WETLANDS AND NON FORESTED WETLANDS) BETWEEN CONSECUTIVE YEARS vs 199 Forested Wetlands Non forested Wetlands Total Observed Frequency 36, , ,662.2 (Observed Percentage) (83%) (17%) (1%) Expected Frequency 396, , ,662.2 (Expected Percentage) (91%) (9%) (1%) degrees of freedom = 1, n = 2 chi square = 35,35.6 p is less than or equal to.1. The distribution is highly significant. 199 vs 1995 Forested Wetlands Non forested Wetlands Total Observed Frequency 373, , , (Observed Percentage) (83%) (17%) (1%) Expected Frequency 373, , , (Expected Percentage) (83%) (17%) (1%) degrees of freedom = 1, n = 2 chi square = 2.85 Not significant. For significance at.5 level, chi square should be greater than or equal to vs Forested Wetlands Non forested Wetlands Total Observed Frequency 362, , ,467.3 (Observed Percentage) (81%) (19%) (1%) Expected Frequency 368, , ,467.3 (Expected Percentage) (83%) (17%) (1%) degrees of freedom = 1, n = 2 chi square = p is less than or equal to.1. The distribution is highly significant. vs 24 Forested Wetlands Non forested Wetlands Total Observed Frequency 336, , ,72.19 (Observed Percentage) (75%) (25%) (1%) Expected Frequency 411,49. 4, ,72.19 (Expected Percentage) (81%) (19%) (1%) degrees of freedom = 1, n = 2 chi square = 148, p is less than or equal to.1. The distribution is highly significant. 86

87 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES APPENDIX 4.2.E. REGRESSION PLOTS FOR NON FORESTED VS. FORESTED WETLANDS The linear regression plot showing the change in non forested wetlands in the Lower Basin from 1973 to 24 based on SJRWMD Land Use/Land Cover GIS maps (r 2 =.88, p value =.19). The increasing trend in non forested wetlands is considered to be statistically significant at the.5 level. The linear regression plot showing the change in forested wetlands in the Lower Basin from 1973 to 24 based on SJRWMD Land Use/Land Cover GIS maps (r 2 =.81, p value =.28). The decreasing trend in forested wetlands is considered to be statistically significant at the.5 level. 87

88 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES APPENDIX 4.2.F. TRENDS IN THREE CONSISTENTLY USED WETLAND CATEGORIES: FRESHWATER MARSHES, SALTWATER MARSHES, AND WET PRAIRIES 1973 to 24 ONLY three categories of wetlands were used consistently from 1973 to 24 in the Land Use/Land Cover Maps (SJRWMD): i. freshwater marshes, ii. saltwater marshes, and iii. wet prairies. 88

89 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES APPENDIX 4.2.G. TRENDS IN FIVE GROUPINGS OF WETLAND CATEGORIES LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER BASIN 1973 to 24 89

90 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES APPENDIX 4.2.H. TRENDS IN WETLAND ACREAGE IMPACTED/MITIGATED: PERMIT ANALYSIS Acres of wetlands impact permitted and mitigation required by SJRWMD Environmental Resource Permitting Program within entire District boundary, 1992 to 28 Fiscal Year Wetlands Impacted Wetlands Created/ Restored Mitigation Type Wetlands Enhanced Uplands/ Wetlands Preserved Mitigation Total , ,366 4, , ,798 4, ,876 4, ,235 4,311 5, , ,11 9,712 12, , ,99 12,355 14, , ,653 11, , ,38 17,336 18, , ,457 12, , ,596 15,499 17, , ,476 7,28 8, , ,267 11,532 12,844 Note: Data from through were not available due to problems in database. Sources: St. Johns River District Water Management Plan Annual Progress Report 26; SJRWMD consolidated Annual Report 29 9

91 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES APPENDIX 4.2.I. TRENDS IN WETLAND ACREAGE IMPACTED/MITIGATED: PERMIT ANALYSIS The linear regression plot showing the change in wetlands impacted by SJRWMD Environmental Resource Permitting Program throughout the District from 1992 to 26 based on SJRWMD Plan Annual Progress Report 26 (r 2 =.89, p value =.1). The increasing trend in wetlands impacted is considered to be statistically significant at the.1 level. The linear regression plot showing the change in wetlands mitigated by SJRWMD Environmental Resource Permitting Program throughout the District from 1992 to 26 based on SJRWMD Plan Annual Progress Report 26 (r 2 =.64, p value =.1). The increasing trend in wetlands mitigated is considered to be statistically significant at the.1 level. 91

92 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES APPENDIX 4.2.J. WETLAND IMPACTS PERMITTED BY U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS, JACKSONVILLE DISTRICT, REGULATORY DIVISION. REPORT COMPLET ION DATE or EFFECTIV E DATE 11/6/6-11/7/11 11/6/6-11/7/11 11/6/6-11/7/11 11/6/6-11/7/11 11/6/6-11/7/11 11/6/6-11/7/11 5/1/7-5/1/12 5/1/7-5/1/12 11/6/6-11/7/11 NAME OF POSTE D FILE General Permit SAJ-5 SAJ-12 SAJ-13 SAJ-14 SAJ-17 SAJ-18 SAJ-2 SAJ-33 SAJ-34 PROJECT NAME Maintenance Dredging of Residential Canals in Florida Private Single-Family Boat Ramps in Florida Aerial Transmission Lines in Florida Sub-aqueous Utility and Transmission Lines in Florida Minor Structures in Florida Private Single-Family Boat Slips in Upland Cuts in Florida Private Single-Family Piers in Florida Private Multi- Family and Government Piers in Florida Commercial Piers in Florida COUNTY (or COUNTIES) All Florida All Florida All Florida All Florida All Florida All Florida All Florida All Florida All Florida TYPE OF JURIS- DICTIONAL DETER- MINATION REGIONAL / GENERAL PERMIT REGIONAL / GENERAL PERMIT REGIONAL / GENERAL PERMIT REGIONAL / GENERAL PERMIT REGIONAL / GENERAL PERMIT REGIONAL / GENERAL PERMIT REGIONAL / GENERAL PERMIT REGIONAL / GENERAL PERMIT REGIONAL / GENERAL PERMIT ACRES OF WETLANDS IMPACTED (+/-) Not specified. Not specified. Not specified. <.5 acre of non-tidal waters; < 1 acre of waters per 2- mile in-water segment of project Not specified. Not specified. Not specified. Not specified. Not specified. TYPE OF WETLANDS IMPACTED General authority is hereby given to perform maintenance dredging activities in principally residential canals in navigable waters. Excavation of wetlands is not authorized by this regional general permit. Numerous conditions apply. Bulkheads should extend no further than 1 to 2 feet waterward of the mean or ordinary high water line. Tie-up piers shall not exceed: (a) the length of the boat ramp; (b) a width of 4 feet; and may have a single catwalk or terminal platform not to exceed 2 feet in length and 4 feet in width. Direct or indirect adverse effects on estuarine emergent, marine emergent, and/or a select list of submerged aquatic vegetation are not permitted. Numerous conditions apply. general authority is given for activities required for the installation, construction, maintenance, replacement, and repair of aerial transmission/distribution lines over all waters of Florida. Authority is also given for discharges associated with the construction, maintenance, replacement, and/or repair of electrical substations and access roads for the construction and maintenance of overhead power lines and electrical substations, but only in non-navigable waters of Florida. Direct or indirect adverse effects on estuarine emergent, marine emergent, and/or a select list of submerged aquatic vegetation are not permitted. Numerous conditions apply. general authority is given for activities required for the installation, construction, maintenance, replacement, and repair of subaqueous utility and transmission lines, and outfall and intake structures associated with utility lines in all waters of Florida. Authority is also given for discharges associated with the construction, maintenance, replacement, and/or repair of substations and access roads for the construction and maintenance of subaqueous utility and transmission lines, but only in non-navigable waters of Florida. Direct or indirect adverse effects on estuarine emergent, marine emergent, and/or a select list of submerged aquatic vegetation are not permitted. Numerous conditions apply. general authority is hereby given to install minor structures in navigable waters of Florida. Minor structures includes single mooring pilings, small mooring dolphins, noncommercial information signage, boat lifts, hoists, davits, etc. Adverse impacts to SAV, marsh, or mangrove habitat should be ameliorated. Direct or indirect adverse effects on estuarine emergent, marine emergent, and/or a select list of submerged aquatic vegetation are not permitted. Numerous conditions apply. general authority is hereby given to install and maintain private single-family boat slips in navigable waters of Florida. Boat slips that require dredging of wetlands areas will not be authorized Dredged material shall not be placed in adjacent waters or wetlands. Direct or indirect adverse effects on estuarine emergent, marine emergent, and/or a select list of submerged aquatic vegetation are not permitted. Numerous conditions apply. Structures authorized under the general permit are private single-family docks/piers designed to accommodate not more than two vessels, including dry storage Adverse impacts to SAV, marsh, or mangrove habitat should be ameliorated. Direct or indirect adverse effects on estuarine emergent, marine emergent, and/or a select list of submerged aquatic vegetation are not permitted. Numerous conditions apply. Structures authorized under the general permit are private multi-family docks/piers less than 1, square feet in surface area and designed to accommodate not more than five vessels, including dry storage Adverse impacts to SAV, marsh, or mangrove habitat should be ameliorated. Direct or indirect adverse effects on estuarine emergent, marine emergent, and/or a select list of submerged aquatic vegetation are not permitted. Numerous conditions apply. Structures authorized under the general permit are private commercial piers 1, square feet or less in surface area and designed to accommodate not more than five slips REFERENCE USACE 29a USACE 29b USACE 29c USACE 29d USACE 29e USACE 29f USACE 29g USACE 29h USACE 29i 92

93 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES REPORT COMPLET ION DATE or EFFECTIV E DATE 11/6/6-11/7/11 3/24/3-3/24/8 2/1/6-2/1/11 11/27/26-11/27/211 5 Nov Nov Feb Feb 29 4 Feb 29 4 Feb 29 NAME OF POSTE D FILE SAJ-46 SAJ-73 SAJ-9 SAJ JD- saj JD- saj JD- saj JD- saj JD- saj JD- saj PROJECT NAME Bulkheads and Backfill in Residential Canals in Florida EPA Lead Agency After-the- Fact Fill Regional General Permit SAJ- 9: Residential, Commercial, and Institutional Development s in Northeast Florida Florida Department of Transportatio n and Florida s Turnpike Enterprise Plantation at Ponte Vedra Brian Beberly (B&H Construction) Seagate Homes Palm Coast Lots ICI Parcel 417 Park 295 Warehouse Complex Tremblay South COUNTY (or COUNTIES) All Florida All Florida Baker, Bradford, Clay, Duval, Flagler, Lake, Marion, Nassau, Orange, Putnam, Seminole, St. Johns, Volusia Florida DOT districts 2,3,5, & FTE St. Johns St. Johns Flagler Flagler Duval Duval TYPE OF JURIS- DICTIONAL DETER- MINATION REGIONAL / GENERAL PERMIT REGIONAL / GENERAL PERMIT REGIONAL / GENERAL PERMIT REGIONAL / GENERAL PERMIT ISOLATED WETLAND ISOLATED WETLAND SIGNIFICA NT NEXUS SIGNIFICA NT NEXUS ALL OTHER ALL OTHER ACRES OF WETLANDS IMPACTED (+/-) Not specified. < 1 acres of waters Applies to wetlands < 3 acres 5 acres per mile of project.78 TYPE OF WETLANDS IMPACTED (including dry storage) Adverse impacts to SAV, marsh, or mangrove habitat should be ameliorated. Direct or indirect adverse effects on estuarine emergent, marine emergent, and/or a select list of submerged aquatic vegetation are not permitted. Numerous conditions apply. The work herein authorized includes bulkheads and backfill for single-family lots in principally residential canals in the State of Florida. Bulkheads that require dredging of wetlands areas will not be authorized Direct or indirect adverse effects on estuarine emergent, marine emergent, and/or a select list of submerged aquatic vegetation are not permitted. Numerous conditions apply. This permit only applies to those fill activities which, if the fill is authorized to remain in place, cause a sufficient change in the wetland habitat to prevent an assertion of jurisdiction by EPA or the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Corps). It does not apply to land clearing activities where the parameters required by the Wetlands Delineation Manual are still present. Numerous conditions apply. "a. Wetlands in pine plantations that are planted in pine (in raised beds), and that have been in production for a minimum of 2 years, or b. Wetlands currently in improved pasture, which were converted prior to December 23, 1985, and any other non-forested wetlands inclusions within that improved pasture, or c. Jurisdictional borrow areas, or d. Parcels bordered by development around at least 75% of the perimeter (for the purpose of this criterion, development is defined by approximately half or more of the area being covered by an impervious surface, including structures), or e. Wetlands covered with greater than 8% invasive and/or exotic vegetation (definitions and lists of such species can be found at Numerous restrictions apply. This regional general permit will authorize impacts to nontidal wetlands specifically for Capacity Improvement Projects. This regional general permit will authorize 5. acres of wetland impacts per miles of project length. Numerous restrictions apply. WETLAND FOREST MIXED (.62 ACRES), WILLOW AND ELDERBERRY (.16 ACRES).3 Not specified Not specified. 8.6 CYPRESS (7.91 ACRES), SHRUB WETLAND (.15 ACRES) 3.67 Not specified Not specified. REFERENCE USACE 29j USACE 29k USACE 29l USACE 29m USACE 29n USACE 29o USACE 29p USACE 29q USACE 29r USACE 29s 93

94 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix List of macroinvertebrate taxa collected during various surveys conducted by FDEP from 1974 to Major Taxonomic Group Family or Scientific Name Cnidaria Porifera Platyhelminthes Nemertea Bryozoa Phoronida Mollusca Actiniaria Campanulariidae Hydrozoa Plumulariidae Tubularia crocea Tubulariidae Cliona celata Cura foremanii Platyhelminthes Polycladida Stylochus ellipticus Turbellaria Amphiporus Cerebratulus lacteus Nemertea Prostoma rubrum Rhynchocoela Tetrastemma elegans Tubulanus pellucidus Bugula Ectoprocta Membranipora tenuis Phoronis architecta Abra aequalis Acteocina canaliculata Amnicola Amygdalum papyrium Anachis avara Anachis obesa 94

95 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Anadara transvera Ancylidae Bivalvia Brachidontes exustus Chione Corbicula fluminea Crassinella lunulata Crassotrea virginica Dosinia discus Dreissenidae Ensis minor Eupleura caudata Ferrissia Gastropoda Geukensia demissa Gyraulus Hyalopyrgus Hydrobiidae Ilyanassa obsoleta Ischadium recurvum Leucozonia Littoridinops Littoridinops monroensis Littoridinops tenuipes Lymnaea Lyonsia Lyonsia hyalina Macoma Macoma tenta Mactra fragilis Melongena corona Mercenaria campechiensis Micromenetus Mulinia lateralis Mytilidae(mollusca) Mytilopsis leucophaeata Mytilus Nassarius trivittatus Nassarrius vibex Natica pusilla Nucula proxima Odostomia 95

96 Polychaeta LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Ostrea equestri Pelecypoda Petricola pholadiformis Physella Physella hendersoni Pisidiidae Pisidium Polymesoda caroliniana Pomatiopsis Pteriidae Rangia cuneata Retusa candei Seila adamsi Semelidae Sphenia antillensis Tagelus divisus Tellina Tellina alternata Tellina laevigata Tellina lineata Tellina sybaritica Tellina tenella Tellina versicolor Amphecties gunneri Antinoella sarsi Apoprionospio pygmaea Aricidea Armandia Armandia maculata Asabellides Boccardia Boccardia hamata Boccardiella ligerica Caulleriella Capitella Capitella capitata Cirratulidae Cirriformia grandis Cirrophorus lyriformis Diopatra cuprea Epidiopatra hupferiana 96

97 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Eteone heteropoda Glycera americana Glycera dibranchiata Glycera sphyrabrancha Glyceridae Haploscoloplos fragilis Hemipodus roseus Heteromastus filiformis Hobsonia florida Hydroides dianthus Laeonereis culveri Leitoscoloplos fragilis Lumbrineris impatiens Lumbrineris tenuis Magelona Magelona phyllisae Malmgrenia Mediomastus Mediomastus ambiseta Mediomastus californiensis Melinna maculata Neanthes Neanthes acuminata Neanthes succinea Nephtys picta Nereidae Ophelina cylindricaudata Orbinia riseri Owenia fusiformis Parahesione luteola Paraonidae Paraonis gracilis Parapionosyllis longicirrata Paraprionospio pinnata Pectinaria gouldi Phyllodoce arenae Phyllodoce castanea Pista quadrilobata Polychaeta Polydora Polydora socialis Polydora websteri 97

98 Hirudinea Oligochaeta LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Polynoidae Prionospio cirrobranchiata Prionospio cristata Pseudeusythoe ambrigua Sabellaria vulgaris Scolecolepides viridis Scolelepis squamatus Scoloplos rubra Sigambra Sigambra bassi Sigambra tentaculata Spio pettibonae Spiochaetopterus oculatus Spionidae Spiophanes bombyx Streblosoma hartmanae Streblospio benedicti Streptosyllis arenae Terebellidae Tharyx marioni Helobdella elongata Piscicolidae Allonais inaequalis Aulodrilus pigueti Bratislavia unidentata Dero digitata Dero pectinata Eclipidrilus Enchytraeidae Haber speciosus Ilyodrilus templetoni Limnodrilus angustipenis Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri Limnodrilus profundicola Lumbriculidae Naididae Nais communis Nais elinguis Peloscolex Peloscolex benedini 98

99 Diptera LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Peloscolex ferox Peloscolex gabriellae Potamothrix hammoniensis Pristinella osborni Psammoryctides convolutus Stylaria Spirosperma ferox Stylodrilus heringianus Tubifex tubifex Tubificidae Tubificoides heterochaetus Ablabesmyia parajanta Ablabesmyia rhamphe grp. Alotanypus Ceratopogonidae Chaoborus Chironomidae Chironomus Chironomus attenuatus Chironomus crassicaudatus Chironomus decorus Chironomus riparius Chironomus staegeri Chironomus stigmaterus Cladotanytarsus Clinotanypus Coelotanypus Coelotanypus concinnus Coelotanypus scapularis Coelotanypus tricolor Conchapelopia Cricotopus bicinctus Cryptochironomus Cryptochironomus blarina Cryptochironomus fulvus Dicrotendipes Dicrotendipes leucoscelis Dicrotendipes lobus Dicrotendipes modestus Dicrotendipes neomodestus Dicrotendipes nervosus 99

100 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Dicrotendipes simpsoni Djalmabatista Djalmabatista pulcher Einfeldia Endochironomus nigricans Glyptotendipes Goeldichironomus carus Harnischia Kiefferulus Larsia Nanocladius Nanocladius distinctus Nanocladius minimus Orthocladius Pagastiella Parachironomus Parachironomus frequens Parachironomus monochromus Parachironomus schneideri Parakiefferiella Paralauterborniella nigrohalterale Paratendipes subaequalis Pentaneura Polypedilum Polypedilum convictum Polypedilum halterale grp. Polypedilum illinoense Polypedilum scalaenum grp. Polypedilum tritum Procladius Procladius bellus Psectrocladius Psectrocladius vernalis Rheotanytarsus Rheotanytarsus exiguus grp. Smittia Stenochironomus Tanypus neopunctipennis Tanytarsus Tanytarsus glabrescens Tanytarsus guerlus Tanytarsus sp. g epler 1

101 Hemiptera Coleoptera Odonata Ephemeroptera Trichoptera Hyrdracarina Tanaidacea LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Tanytarsus sp. l epler Tanytarsus sp. t epler Thienemanniella Tribelos Xenochironomus xenolabis Corixidae Ancyronyx variegatus Stenelmis Aphylla williamsoni Enallagma Ischnura Caenis Caenis diminuata Caenis hilaris Callibaetis floridanus Stenonema exiguum Cernotina Cyrnellus Cyrnellus fraternus Hydroptila Hydroptilidae Leptoceridae Neureclipsis Oecetis Oecetis inconspicua cmplx. Orthotrichia Polycentropodidae Polycentropus Acari Hygrobates Piona Tiphys Unionicola Leptochelia Leptochelia savignyi 11

102 Cumacea Decapoda Amphipoda LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Almyracuma proximoculi Cyclaspis varians Leptocuma minor Oxyurostylis smithi Acetes americanus caroline Alpheus heterochaelis Alpheus viridari Callianassa atlantica Callinectes Callinectes ornatus Callinectes sapidus Decapoda Lucifer faxoni Metapenaeopsis goodei Neopanope texana texana Ogyrides alphaerostris Ogyrides hayi Ogyrides limicola Pagurus longicarpus Palaemonetes paludosus Panopeus herbstii Penaeus Pinnixa chaetopterana Rhithropanopeus harissii Squilla empusa Xanthidae Acanthohaustorius millsi Ampelisca Ampelisca declivitatis Ampelisca verrilli Amphilochidae Batea Corophium Corophium ascherisicium Corophium lacustre Crangonyx Crangonyx richmondensis Ericthonius brasiliensis Gammaridae 12

103 Isopoda Mysidacea LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Gammarus Gammarus mucronatus Gammarus palustris Gammarus tigrinus Gitanopsis Grandidierella bonnieroides Haustoriidae Hyalella azteca Melita nitida Monoculodes Monoculodes edwardsi Oedicerotidae Orchestia uhleri Parahaustorius Protohaustorius wigleyi Pseudohaustorius borealis Synchelidium americanum Trichophoxsus floridanus Anthuridae Cassidinidea lunifrons Cassidinidea ovalis Chiridotea Chiridotea almyra Chiridotea caeca Chiridotea stenops Cyathura burbanki Cyathura polita Edotea montosa Munnidae Sphaeroma destructor Sphaeroma quadridentatum Sphaeromatidae Uromunna reynoldsi Bowmaniella Bowmaniella brasiliensis Bowmaniella dissimilis Bowmaniella floridana Bowmaniella portoricensis Brasilomysis Mysidacea 13

104 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Cirripedia Echinodermata Sipuncula Chordata Mysidopsis Mysidopsis almyra Mysidopsis bigelowi Mysidopsis bahia Neomysis americana Taphromysis bowmani Balanus Balanus amphitrite Balanus improvisus Chthamalus fragilis Thoracica Amphiuridae Cucumaria pulcherrima Holothuroidea Ophiomyxidae Ophiuridae Ophiuroidea Sipuncula Ascidiacea 14

105 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix List of macroinvertebrate taxa collected during various IMAP surveys conducted by FWRI and EPA from to 24. Major Taxonomic Group Family of Scientific Name Cnidaria Amphipod Actiniaria (LPIL) Stenothoe gallensis Shoemakerella cubensis Phoxocephalidae (LPIL) Photis pugnator Photis (LPIL) Metaphoxus (LPIL) Melitidae (LPIL) Listriella barnardi Lembos (LPIL) Globosolembos smithi Gitanopsis laguna Gibberosus myersi Gammaridae (LPIL) Elasmopus levis Elasmopus (LPIL) Dulichiella appendiculata Cymadusa compta Cerapus sp. B Cerapus benthophilus Bemlos setosus Argissa hamatipes Apocorophium louisianum Aoridae (LPIL) Ampithoidae (LPIL) Amphilochus neopolitanus Amphilochidae (LPIL) Ampelisca sp. Y Ampelisca cristata Ampelisca abdita Ampelisca (LPIL) 15

106 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Cumacea Decapoda Echinodermata Flatworm Isopod Aeginellidae (LPIL) Acuminodeutopus naglei Cumella (LPIL) Xanthidae (LPIL) Upogebia (LPIL) Processa hemphilli Pinnixa cylindrica Pinnixa (LPIL) Pagurus (LPIL) Paguridae (LPIL) Ogyrides alphaerostris Majidae (LPIL) Latreutes fucorum Kalliapseudes macsweenyi Hippolytidae (LPIL) Grandidierella bonnieroides Goneplacidae (LPIL) Eusarsiella texana Eusarsiella elofsoni Eusarsiella disparalis Eusarsiella cornuta Eusarsiella (LPIL) Euryplax nitida Eurypanopeus depressus Decapoda (LPIL) Asteropella monambon Ophiuroidea (LPIL) Ophiophragmus wurdemani Leptosynapta tenuis Hemipholis elongata Amphiuridae (LPIL) Turbellaria (LPIL) Xenanthura brevitelson Sphaeromatidae (LPIL) Ptilanthura tenuis 16

107 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Mollusca Paracerceis caudata Erichthonius brasiliensis Erichsonella attenuata Edotia triloba Amakusanthura magnifica Turridae (LPIL) Turbonilla conradi Turbonilla (LPIL) Tellinidae (LPIL) Tellina sybaritica Tellina (LPIL) Tectonatica pusilla Rangia cuneata Pitar fulminatus Philine (LPIL) Olivella dealbata Odostomia (LPIL) Nucula aegeenis Nucula (LPIL) Nassarius vibex Mytilopsis leucophaeata Mysella planulata Mitrella lunata Marginellidae (LPIL) Marginella apicina Littoridinops monroensis Lioberus castaneus Laevicardium mortoni Kurtziella limonitella Geukensia demissa Gastropoda (LPIL) Eulimidae (LPIL) Epitonium (LPIL) Diplodonta (LPIL) Crepidula (LPIL) 17

108 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Crassostrea virginica Circulus suppressus Chone (LPIL) Carditamera floridana Caecum pulchellum Caecum nitidium Brachidontes exustus Brachidontes domingensis Bivalvia (LPIL) Anomia simplex Anomalocardia auberiana Anachis semiplicata Anachis floridana Amygdalum sagittatum Acteocina candei Acteocina canaliculata Mycidacea Nemertia Oligochaeta Polychaeta Bowmaniella (LPIL) Tubulanus (LPIL) Tubulanus (LPIL) Rhynchocoela (LPIL) Lineidae (LPIL) Tubificidae (LPIL) Syllis cornuta Syllis broomensis Syllidae (LPIL) Streptosyllis pettiboneae Streblospio benedicti Sthenelais sp. A Spiophanes (LPIL) Spionidae (LPIL) Spiochaetopterus oculatus Spio pettiboneae Scoloplos rubra Scoletoma verrilli 18

109 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Scolelepis texana Schistomeringos rudolphi Sabellaria sp. A Sabaco americanus Prionospio (LPIL) Podarkeopsis levifuscina Podarke obscura Platynereis dumerilli Phyllodocidae (LPIL) Pectinaria gouldii Paraprionospio pinnata Paraonidae (LPIL) Owenia fusiformis Onuphidae (LPIL) Odontosyllis enopla Notomastus latericeus Nereis falsa Nereis acuminata Nereis (LPIL) Nereididae (LPIL) Mooreonuphis pallidula Monticellina dorsobranchialis Microphthalmus sczelkowii Melinna maculata Mediomastus (LPIL) Malmgreniella maccraryae Maldanidae (LPIL) Magelona pettiboneae Magelona pettiboneae Magelona pettiboneae Magelona pettiboneae Leitoscoloplos robustus Leitoscoloplos (LPIL) Kinbergonuphis simoni Hypereteone fauchaldi 19

110 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Sipuncula Tanaidacea Heteromastus filiformis Grubeosyllis clavata Goniadidae (LPIL) Glycinde solitaria Glycera americana Galathowenia oculata Ficopomatus miamiensis Fabricinuda trilobata Exogone rolani Exogone lourei Dorvilleidae (LPIL) Diopatra cuprea Dasybranchus lumbricoides Cirrophorus lyra Cirratulidae (LPIL) Carazziella hobsonae Capitellidae (LPIL) Capitella jonesi Capitella capitata Brania wellfleetensis Axiothella mucosa Armandia maculata Aricidea taylori Aricidea philbinae Aricidea (LPIL) Apoprionospio pygmaea Ancistrosyllis jonesi Sipuncula (LPIL) Phascolion strombi Leptochelia (LPIL) 11

111 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix List of macroinvertebrate taxa collected during 25 surveys conducted by the St. Johns River Water Management District (SJRWMD). Major Taxonomic Group Family of Scientific Name Diptera Ablabesmyia sp. Ablabesmyia mallochi Unknown Chironomidae Ceratopogoninae Apsectrotanypus Chironomini Cladotanytarsus Clinotanypus Labrundinia Paracladopelma Paralauterborniella nigrohalterale Paratanytarsus Polypedilum illinoense Polypedilum scalaenum Hemerodromia Rheotanytarsus Procladius Tanytarsini Tanypodinae Tipulidae Tanytarsus Tabanidae Tribelos Thienemannimyia Pentaneura Stenochironomus Paratendipes Cryptochironomus 111

112 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Coleoptera Ancyronyx variegatus Elmidae Hydroporus Stenelmis Microcylloepus Dubiraphia Odonata Archilestes Coenagrionidae Ischnura Enallagma Progomphus Calopteryx maculata Hemiptera Auchenorrhyncha Trichoptera Brachycentrus Hydropsyche Hydropsychidae Pycnopsyche Ephemeroptera Caenis Caenis diminuta Eurylophella doris Leptophlebia Megaloptera Chauliodes pectinicornis Neuroptera Sisyra Trichoptera Cheumatopsyche Chimarra Leptoceridae Lype diversa 112

113 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Macrostemum carolina Mayatrichia ayama Molanna Molanna tryphena Oecetis Oxyethira Polycentropodidae Polycentropus Trichoptera Isopoda Asellus Caecidotea Amphipoda Amphipoda Hyalella azteca Listriella Monocorophium insidiosum Corophium Oligochaeta Lumbriculidae Tubificidae Bivalvia Polymesoda caroliniana 113

114 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES APPENDIX 4.5.A. DATABASES QUERIED FOR RECORDS IN THE LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER BASIN USGS (U.S. Geological Survey). 29. Nonindigenous Aquatic Species (NAS) Database. Available at: Accessed February 26, 29. (NISbase) International Nonindigenous Species Database Network. 29. Smithsonian Environmental Research Center (SERC). Available at: < > Accessed February 26, 29. (AIRD) Aquatic Invasions Research Directory. 29. Smithsonian Environmental Research Center. Available at: < Accessed February 26, 29. (UF/IFAS) University of Florida/Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences. 29. Center for Aquatic and Invasive Plants. Non Native Invasive Aquatic, Wetland and Upland Plants in the United States. A joint project of Sea Grant and other offices of the University of Florida, University of Connecticut, University of Minnesota, North Carolina State University and Purdue University and the Florida DEP Bureau of Invasive Plant Management. Available at: < Accessed February 26, 29. (FL EPPC) Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council. 29. Available at: < Accessed February 26, 29. (FNAI) Florida Natural Areas Inventory. 29. Database of Invasive Species. Available at: < Accessed February 26, 29. (FWRI) Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission. 29. Nonnative Species. Available at: < and < Accessed February 26, 29. (FDACS) Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services. 29. Division of Forestry Management, Forestry Management. Available at: < dof.com/forest_management/fh_invasives_links.html#guides> Accessed February 26, 29. (MITIS) Marine Invader Tracking Information System. 29. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Sea Grant College Programʹs Center for Coastal Resources. Available at: < Accessed February 26, 29. (NEMESIS) National Exotic Marine and Estuarine Species Information System. 29. Smithsonian Environmental Research Center (SERC). Available at: < Accessed February 26, 29. SeaGrant National Aquatic Nonindigenous Species Clearinghouse. 29. New York SeaGrant. Available at: < Accessed February 26, 29. (SERC) Smithsonian Environmental Research Center Marine Invasions Database. 29. Available at: < Accessed February 26, 29. (SOFIA SFRSF) South Florida Information Access South Florida Restoration Science Forum. 29. USGS (U.S. Geological Survey). Available at: < Accessed February 26,

115 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES (TNC) The Nature Conservancy. 29. Global Invasive Species Team. Available at: < Accessed February 26,

116 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES APPENDIX 4.5.B. TABLE OF NONINDIGENOUS AQUATIC SPECIES IN THE LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER BASIN, FLORIDA Data contained in the table below follow the Invasive Alien Species Profile Schema for the Global Invasive Species Information Network. Information gathered includes: Common Name, Scientific Name, Realm, Habitat, Life Form, Biostatus (Occurrence, Status, Invasiveness), Impacts (Impact Type, Impact Mechanism, Impact Outcome), Introduction and Dispersal (Date, Cause, Geographic Path, Corridor, Vector), Prohibited Status, and References. BIOSTATUS IMPACTS COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME REALM HABITAT LIFE FORM OCCURRENCE STATUS INVASIVENESS IMPACT TYPE IMPACT MECHANISM IMPACT OUTCOME Cane Toad (synonyms = marine toad, poloka (Hawaii), sapo verrugoso) Bufo marinus (Linnaeus, 1758) Freshwater Agricultural areas Amphibian Reported Alien Not specified Human health Poisoning Negatively impacts human health Brackish Disturbed areas Uncertain Environmental Competition Monopolising resources Other Urban areas Predation Loss of native species Reduced native biodiversity Threat to native species Cuban Treefrog Osteopilus septentrionalis (Dumeril and Bibron, 1841) Terrestrial Wetlands Amphibian Reported Alien Invasive Environmental Competition Monopolising resources Infrastructure damage Freshwater Urban areas Established (able to survive) Cultural / amenity Predation Loss of native species Naturalised (able to survive & reproduce) Competition Other Reduced amenity values Reduced native biodiversity Threat to native species Freshwater Jellyfish Craspedacusta sowerbyi (Lankester, 188) Freshwater Lakes Jellyfish Reported Alien Not specified Environmental Predation Loss of native species Peach Blossom Fish (China) Watercourses Established (able to survive) Reduced native biodiversity Disturbed areas Naturalised (able to survive & reproduce) Threat to native species Bocourt swimming crab Callinectes bocourti Marine Marine habitats Crustacean Reported Alien Not invasive Environmental Competition Monopolising resources Brackish Estuaries Threat to native species Modification of natural benthic communities Indo Pacific swimming crab Charybdis hellerii Marine Marine Crustacean Reported Alien Not specified Environmental Competition Monopolising Loss of native species habitats resources Established (able to survive) Predation Modification of natural benthic communities Naturalised (able to survive & reproduce) Reduced native biodiversity Threat to native species Green porcelain crab Petrolisthes armatus (Gibbs, 185) Marine Marine habitats Crustacean Reported Alien Not specified Brackish Estuaries Established (able to survive) Naturalised (able to survive & reproduce) Amphipod Apocorophium lacustre (Vanhoffen, 1911) Brackish Estuaries Crustacean Reported Alien Not specified Environmental Competition Smothering Threat to native species Established (able Competition Monopolising resources to survive) Naturalised (able to survive & 116

117 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES BIOSTATUS IMPACTS COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME REALM HABITAT LIFE FORM OCCURRENCE STATUS INVASIVENESS IMPACT TYPE IMPACT MECHANISM IMPACT OUTCOME reproduce) Wharf roach Ligia exotica (Roux, 1828) Marine Marine Crustacean Reported Alien Not specified Environmental habitats Established (able to survive) Naturalised (able to survive & reproduce) Striped barnacle Balanus amphitrite (Darwin, 1854) Marine Marine Crustacean Reported Alien Not specified Environmental Competition Monopolising Habitat alteration habitats resources Established (able to survive) Economic / livelihood Fouling Increases vulnerability to invasions Triangular barnacle Balanus trigonus (Darwin, 1854) Marine Marine habitats barnacle Balanus reticulatus Marine Marine habitats Titan acorn barnacle Megabalanus coccopoma (Darwin, 1854) Marine Marine habitats Naturalised (able to survive & reproduce) Crustacean Reported Alien Not specified Environmental Competition Monopolising resources Established (able Economic / Fouling to survive) livelihood Naturalised (able to survive & reproduce) Crustacean Reported Alien Not specified Environmental Competition Monopolising resources Established (able Economic / Fouling to survive) livelihood Naturalised (able to survive & reproduce) Crustacean Reported Alien Not specified Environmental Competition Monopolising resources Established (able Economic / Fouling to survive) livelihood Naturalised (able to survive & reproduce) Asian tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon Brackish Marine habitats Crustacean Reported Alien Not specified Environmental Competition Monopolising resources Estuaries Established (able Economic / Disease transmission to survive) livelihood Goldfish Carassius auratus (Linnaeus 1758) Freshwater Lakes Fish Reported Alien Not specified Environmental Competition Monopolising resources Watercourses Established (able Herbivory/Grazing/Browsing to survive) Competition Other Hybridisation Reduced native biodiversity Modification of natural benthic communities Transportation disruption Habitat alteration Increases vulnerability to invasions Reduced native biodiversity Modification of natural benthic communities Transportation disruption Habitat alteration Increases vulnerability to invasions Reduced native biodiversity Modification of natural benthic communities Transportation disruption Habitat alteration Increases vulnerability to invasions Reduced native biodiversity Modification of natural benthic communities Transportation disruption Loss of native species Negatively impacts livelihoods Reduced native biodiversity Threat to native species Damaged ecosystem services Ecosystem change Habitat alteration Modification of natural benthic communities 117

118 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES BIOSTATUS IMPACTS COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME REALM HABITAT LIFE FORM OCCURRENCE STATUS INVASIVENESS IMPACT TYPE IMPACT MECHANISM IMPACT OUTCOME Changed gene pool Unidentified cichlids Cichlidae spp. Freshwater Lakes Fish Reported Alien Not specified Environmental Competition Monopolising resources Habitat alteration Watercourses Herbivory/Grazing/Browsing Reduced native biodiversity Threat to native species Blue tilapia Oreochromis aureus Freshwater Lakes Fish Reported Alien Not specified Environmental Competition Monopolising resources Habitat alteration Israeli tilapia Watercourses Herbivory/Grazing/Browsing Threat to native species Loss of native species Reduced native biodiversity Mozambique tilapia Oreochromis mossambicus Freshwater Lakes Fish Reported Alien Not specified Environmental Competition Monopolising resources Habitat alteration Mozambique mouthbrooder, Java tilapia, largemouth kurper Brackish Watercourses Herbivory/Grazing/Browsing Threat to native species Reduced native biodiversity Unidentified tilapia Tilapia spp. Freshwater Lakes Fish Reported Alien Not specified Environmental Competition Monopolising resources Habitat alteration Watercourses Herbivory/Grazing/Browsing Reduced native biodiversity Threat to native species Unidentified armoured catfish Loricariidae spp. Freshwater Lakes Fish Reported Alien Not specified Environmental Competition Monopolising resources Damaged ecosystem services suckermouth armoured catfish, armoured catfish, "pleco" or "plec" (shortened forms of the species name Plecostomus spp.) Watercourses Herbivory/Grazing/Browsing Loss of native species Reduced native biodiversity Threat to native species Unidentified Pacu Colossoma or Piaractus sp. Freshwater Lakes Fish Reported Alien Not specified Many synonyms. Colossoma macropomum, Piaractus brachypomus, Piaractus metrei (could be junior synonym of P. mesopotamicus) Watercourses Established (able to survive) Brown Hoplo Hoplosternum littorale (Hancock 1928) Freshwater Lakes Fish Reported Alien Invasive Environmental Competition Monopolising resources Watercourses Established (able Predation to survive) Naturalised (able to survive & reproduce) Suckermouth catfish Hypostomus sp. Freshwater Lakes Fish Reported Alien Not specified Environmental Competition Monopolising resources Watercourses Established (able Herbivory/Grazing/Browsing to survive) Altered trophic level Damaged ecosystem services Ecosystem change Loss of native species Modification of natural benthic communities Reduced native biodiversity Threat to native species Damaged ecosystem services Loss of native species 118

119 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES BIOSTATUS IMPACTS COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME REALM HABITAT LIFE FORM OCCURRENCE STATUS INVASIVENESS IMPACT TYPE IMPACT MECHANISM IMPACT OUTCOME Reduced native biodiversity Threat to native species Wiper Morone chrysops x saxatilis Freshwater Marine habitats Whiterock (palmetto, wiper, Cherokee) = female striped bass x male white bass (since 1965) Artificial hybrid between the white bass and the striped bass (although recorded to naturally occur in Arkansas) Fish Reported Native. Nonendemic Brackish Estuaries Sometimes present Uncertain Environmental Hybridisation Changed gene pool Loss of native species Sunshine Bass = male striped bass x female white bass (since 1973) Marine Lakes Reduced native biodiversity Watercourses Selective loss of genotypes Threat to native species Southern Sailfin Catfish Pterygoplichthys anisitsi Freshwater Lakes Fish Reported Alien Not specified Environmental Competition Monopolising resources Damaged ecosystem services Synonym = snow king plecostomus in aquarium trade Watercourses Herbivory/Grazing/Browsing Ecosystem change Habitat alteration Loss of native species Modification of natural benthic communities Threat to native species Vermiculated Sailfin Catfish Pterygoplichthys disjunctivus (Weber 1991) Freshwater Lakes Fish Reported Alien Not specified Environmental Competition Monopolising resources Damaged ecosystem services Watercourses Established (able Herbivory/Grazing/Browsing Ecosystem change to survive) Naturalised (able to survive & reproduce) Habitat alteration Loss of native species Modification of natural benthic communities Threat to native species Nutria Myocaster coypus Freshwater Wetlands Mammal Reported Alien Not specified Environmental Herbivory/Grazing/Browsing Damaged ecosystem services Terrestrial Rooting Ecosystem change Habitat alteration Increases vulnerability to invasions Loss of native species Modification of hydrology Reduced amenity values Reduced native biodiversity Threat to native species Asian clam Corbicula fluminea (Muller, 1774) Freshwater Lakes Mollusc (aquatic & terrestrial) Reported Alien Not specified Economic / livelihood Fouling Infrastructure damage Asiatic clam Watercourses Environmental Competition Monopolising resources Negatively impacts livelihoods Filtration Threat to native species Modification of natural 119

120 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES BIOSTATUS IMPACTS COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME REALM HABITAT LIFE FORM OCCURRENCE STATUS INVASIVENESS IMPACT TYPE IMPACT MECHANISM IMPACT OUTCOME benthic communities Charrua mussel Mytella charruana (d'orbigny, 1846) Marine Marine habitats Mollusc (aquatic & terrestrial) Green mussel Perna viridis (Linneaus, 1758) Marine Marine habitats Mollusc (aquatic & terrestrial) Brackish Estuaries Established (able Reported Alien Invasive Economic / livelihood Fouling Infrastructure damage Uncertain Environmental Filtration Negatively impacts livelihoods Competition Monopolising resources Modification of natural benthic communities Reported Alien Not specified Economic / Competition Monopolising Infrastructure damage livelihood resources Environmental Fouling Loss of native species to survive) Naturalised (able to survive & Filtration Modification of natural reproduce) benthic communities Disease transmission Negatively impacts livelihoods Reduced native biodiversity Threat to native species Reported Alien Not specified Environmental Competition Monopolising resources Paper Pondshell Utterbackia imbecillis (Say, 1829) Freshwater Lakes Mollusc (aquatic & terrestrial) Watercourses Red rim Melania Melanoides tuberculata (Muller, 1774) Freshwater Lakes Mollusc (aquatic & Reported Alien Not specified Environmental Competition Monopolising resources terrestrial) Watercourses Fawn Melania Melanoides cf. turricula (I. Lea, 185) Freshwater Lakes Mollusc (aquatic & Reported Alien Not specified Environmental Competition Monopolising resources terrestrial) Watercourses Spiketop Applesnail Pomacea diffusa (Blume, 1957) Freshwater Lakes Mollusc (aquatic & Reported Alien Invasive Environmental Competition Monopolising resources terrestrial) Brazilian applesnail, albino mystery snail, spike topped applesnail Watercourses Herbivory/Grazing/Browsing Channeled Applesnail Pomacea canaliculata (Lamarck, 1828) Freshwater Lakes Mollusc (aquatic & Reported Alien Invasive Economic / Herbivory/Grazing/Browsing terrestrial) livelihood Watercourses Competition Monopolising resources Island Applesnail Pomacea insularum (d'orbigny, 1839) Freshwater Lakes Mollusc (aquatic & Reported Alien Invasive Environmental Competition Monopolising resources terrestrial) Watercourses Herbivory/Grazing/Browsing Mouse ear marshsnail Myosotella myosotis (Draparnaud, 181) Marine Marine Mollusc (aquatic & Reported Alien Not specified Environmental Competition Monopolising resources habitats terrestrial) Mouse ear ovatella Estuaries European Melampus Striped falselimpet Siphonaria pectinata Marine Marine Mollusc (aquatic & Reported Alien Not specified Environmental Competition Monopolising resources habitats terrestrial) Negatively impacts agriculture Fimbriate shipworm Bankia fimbriatula Marine Marine habitats Mollusc (aquatic & terrestrial) Sometimes present Herbivory/Grazing/Browsing Alien Not specified Environmental Fouling Economic / livelihood Striate Piddock shipworm Martesia striata Marine Marine habitats Mollusc (aquatic & terrestrial) Sometimes present Alien Not specified Environmental Fouling Economic / livelihood Red eared Slider Trachemys scripta elegans (Wei Neuwied, 1838) Freshwater Lakes Reptile Reported Native. Nonendemic Invasive Environmental Competition Monopolising resources Changed gene pool Brackish Watercourses Established (able Human health Disease transmission Selective loss of 12

121 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES BIOSTATUS IMPACTS COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME REALM HABITAT LIFE FORM OCCURRENCE STATUS INVASIVENESS IMPACT TYPE IMPACT MECHANISM IMPACT OUTCOME to survive) genotypes Estuaries Hybridisation Negatively impacts human health Wetlands Threat to native species Alligatorweed Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart. Griseb.) Freshwater Lakes Aquatic plant Reported Alien Invasive (floating or submerged) Watercourses Para grass Urochloa (Brachiaria) mutica (Forsk.) T.Q. Nguyen Freshwater Lakes Aquatic plant (floating or submerged) Synonyms = Buffalo grass, California grass, Mauritius grass, puakatau Watercourses Water spangles Salvinia minima (Baker) Freshwater Lakes Aquatic plant (floating or submerged) Synonyms = common salvinia Watercourses Hydrilla Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle Freshwater Lakes Aquatic plant (floating or submerged) Reported Alien Invasive Synonyms = water thyme, Indian star vine Watercourses Established (able to survive) Naturalised (able to survive & reproduce) Water hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solmes Freshwater Lakes Aquatic plant (floating or submerged) Watercourses Established (able to survive) Naturalised (able to survive & reproduce) Water lettuce Pistia stratiotes Freshwater Lakes Aquatic plant Reported (floating or submerged) Watercourses Established (able to survive) Brazilian waterweed Egeria densa (Planch) Freshwater Lakes Aquatic plant Reported (floating or submerged) Watercourses Established (able to survive) Water sprite Ceratopteris thalictroides Freshwater Lakes Aquatic plant Reported (floating or submerged) Watercourses Wild taro Colocasia esculenta Freshwater Lakes Aquatic plant Reported (floating or submerged) Watercourses Established (able to survive) Uruguay waterprimrose Ludwigia uruguayensis Freshwater Lakes Aquatic plant Reported Reported Alien Invasive Environmental Monoculture formation Reported Alien Invasive Environmental Competition Monopolising resources Economic / livelihood Reported Alien Invasive Environmental Economic / livelihood Competition Shading Rapid growth Ecosystem change Habitat alteration Loss of native species Modification of hydrology Modification of natural benthic communities Obstructs waterways Reduced native biodiversity Threat to native species Transportation disruption 121

122 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES BIOSTATUS IMPACTS COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME REALM HABITAT LIFE FORM OCCURRENCE STATUS INVASIVENESS IMPACT TYPE IMPACT MECHANISM IMPACT OUTCOME (floating or submerged) Watercourses Established (able to survive) Marsh dewflower Murdannia keisak Freshwater Lakes Aquatic plant (floating or submerged) Reported Watercourses Established (able to survive) Parrot feather Myriophyllum aquaticum Freshwater Lakes Aquatic plant (floating or submerged) Reported parrot feather watermilfoil, Brazilian water milfoil Watercourses Established (able to survive) Brittle naiad Najas minor Freshwater Lakes Aquatic plant (floating or submerged) Reported Slender Naiad Watercourses Established (able to survive) Crested floatingheart Nymphoides cristata Freshwater Lakes Aquatic plant (floating or submerged) Reported Watercourses Established (able to survive) Water cress Nasturtium officinale Freshwater Lakes Aquatic plant (floating or submerged) Reported Watercourses Established (able to survive) Torpedo grass Panicum repens Freshwater Lakes Aquatic plant (floating or submerged) Reported Watercourses Established (able to survive) Cylindro blue green algae Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii Freshwater Lakes Alga/seaweed Reported Alien Invasive Environmental Competition Monopolising resources Damaged ecosystem services Watercourses Bacteria Established (able to survive) Human health Pathogenic Modification of natural benthic communities Economic / Rapid growth Monoculture formation livelihood Poisoning Negatively impacts human health Negatively impacts livelihoods Threat to native species Reduced native biodiversity Reduced amenity values 122

123 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES COMMON NAME Cane Toad (synonyms = marine toad, poloka (Hawaii), sapo verrugoso) INTRODUCTION AND DISPERSAL SCIENTIFIC NAME TYPE DATE DATE RANGE Bufo marinus (Linnaeus, 1758) Intentional Intentionally introduced to several locations in South Florida between up to 195 ROUTE (GEOGRAPHIC PATH) CAUSE TO FROM ORIGIN CORRIDOR VECTOR PROHIBITED STATUS? REFERENCES Agriculture (incl. horticulture, forestry, etc.) Unintentional Biological control Escape from confinement Clay County single specimen collected in, not indicative of established population. "indigenous to northern South America, Central America, and Mexico northward to extreme southern Texas" (USGS 29) South and Central America Range expansion from South Florida populations Humans NA USGS 29 Cuban Treefrog Freshwater Jellyfish Osteopilus septentrionalis (Dumeril and Bibron, 1841) Craspedacusta sowerbyi (Lankester, 188) Unintentional First detected Key West before 1928, spread northward through Keys, recorded in southern half of Florida up to Nursery trade Alachua, Duval, Flagler, St. Johns counties "indigenous to Cuba, Isla de la Juventud (=Isle of You or Isle of Pines), the Bahamas, including San Salvador and Acklins Island, and the Cayman Islands" (USGS 29) Caribbean Dispersing northward from South Florida populations Floating vegetation/debris NA USGS 29 Introduced by natural means Landscaping industry Humans Pet trade Vehicles Horticulture Bulk freight/cargo Hitchhiker Plant or parts of plants Unintentional First described in up to Aquarium trade Duval County, "indigenous to the Asia Unspecified Aquaculture stock NA USGS 29 Philadelphia in 1928, 195 Putnam County Yangtze River valley in Recorded throughout the China" (USGS 29) US, Most common in temperate states in eastern US (USGS NAS) Peach Blossom Fish (China) Nursery trade Other live animal Plant or parts of plants Bocourt swimming crab Indo Pacific swimming crab Callinectes bocourti Introduced by natural means First US report was Biscayne Bay, FL, 195. Charybdis hellerii Unintentional First US report was South Carolina (1986), Indian River Lagoon, FL (1995) up to up to present Self propelled St. Augustine (St. Johns County), Duval County, also Nassau County (R. Brodie) Native Range = Jamaica, Belize to Brazil, "center of abundance in coastal waters of northern South America" (USGS NAS) Caribbean and South America From the Caribbean via major eddies in Gulf Stream or southern storm events Floating vegetation/debris Natural disaster Ship ballast water/sediment Water Hitchhiker Flagler County, St. Johns County, (also Nassau County) "Japan, Philippines, New Caledonia, Australia, Hawaii, and throughout the Indian Ocean, including the Red Sea" (USGSNAS) Indo Pacific Ballast water or drift of juveniles from Cuba Ship ballast water/sediment Water Federal Injurious Wildlife List "No such live fish, mollusks, crustacean, or any progency or eggs thereof may be released into the wild " (without a permit from FWC) (U.S. Lacey Act; 5 CFR Ch. I Sec ) Federal Injurious Wildlife List "No such live fish, mollusks, crustacean, or any progency or eggs thereof may be released into the wild " (without a permit from FWC) (U.S. Lacey Act; 5 CFR Ch. I Sec ) USGS 29 USGS

124 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES COMMON NAME INTRODUCTION AND DISPERSAL SCIENTIFIC NAME TYPE DATE DATE RANGE ROUTE (GEOGRAPHIC PATH) CAUSE TO FROM ORIGIN CORRIDOR VECTOR PROHIBITED STATUS? REFERENCES Green porcelain crab Amphipod Petrolisthes armatus (Gibbs, 185) Unintentional Apocorophium lacustre (Vanhoffen, 1911) Indian River Lagoon, FL (1977), Georgia (1994) and SC (1995) up to Hitchhiker Sites near the Port of Jacksonville (Duval Co) unknown Hitchhiker Sites near the Port of Jacksonville (Duval Co) Native to South America and the Caribbean Native to the Eastern Atlantic Ocean Caribbean and South America Europe and Africa Natural range expansion, ballast water, importation of mollusk cultures Shipping from Europe Ship ballast water/sediment Aquaculture stock Water Ship ballast water/sediment Federal Injurious Wildlife List "No such live fish, mollusks, crustacean, or any progency or eggs thereof may be released into the wild " (without a permit from FWC) (U.S. Lacey Act; 5 CFR Ch. I Sec ) Federal Injurious Wildlife List "No such live fish, mollusks, crustacean, or any progency or eggs thereof may be released into the wild " (without a permit from FWC) (U.S. Lacey Act; 5 CFR Ch. I Sec ) Power, et al. 26 Power, et al. 26 Wharf roach Striped barnacle Ligia exotica (Roux, 1828) Balanus amphitrite (Darwin, 1854) Unintentional unknown Hitchhiker Sites near Port of Jacksonville (Duval Co) Unintentional unknown unknown Hitchhiker Sites near Port of Jacksonville (Duval Co) Northeast Atlantic and Mediterranean Basin Native to Southwest Pacific and Indian Oceans Unknown Ships from Europe Bulk freight/cargo Federal Injurious Wildlife List "No such live fish, mollusks, crustacean, or any progency or eggs thereof may be released into the wild " (without a permit from FWC) (U.S. Lacey Act; 5 CFR Ch. I Sec ) Ship ballast water/sediment Shipping material Indo Pacific Distributed worldwide in warm and temperate seas Ship/boat hull fouling Federal Injurious Wildlife List "No such live fish, mollusks, crustacean, or any progency or eggs thereof may be released into the wild " (without a permit from FWC) (U.S. Lacey Act; 5 CFR Ch. I Sec ) Power, et al. 26 Power, et al. 26 Triangular barnacle Balanus trigonus (Darwin, 1854) Unintentional unknown unknown Hitchhiker Sites near mouth of the St. Johns River (Duval Co, FL) Indo West Pacific Indo Pacific Distributed worldwide in warm and temperate seas Ship/boat hull fouling Federal Injurious Wildlife List "No such live fish, mollusks, crustacean, or any progency or eggs thereof may be released into the wild " (without a permit from FWC) (U.S. Lacey Act; 5 CFR Ch. I Sec ) GSMFC

125 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES COMMON NAME INTRODUCTION AND DISPERSAL SCIENTIFIC NAME TYPE DATE DATE RANGE ROUTE (GEOGRAPHIC PATH) CAUSE TO FROM ORIGIN CORRIDOR VECTOR PROHIBITED STATUS? REFERENCES barnacle Balanus reticulatus Unintentional unknown unknown Hitchhiker Sites near mouth of the St. Johns River (Duval Co, FL) Indo West Pacific Indo Pacific Distributed worldwide in warm and temperate seas Ship/boat hull fouling Federal Injurious Wildlife List "No such live fish, mollusks, crustacean, or any progency or eggs thereof may be released into the wild " (without a permit from FWC) (U.S. Lacey Act; 5 CFR Ch. I Sec ) GSMFC 27 Titan acorn barnacle Megabalanus coccopoma (Darwin, 1854) Unintentional First recorded in Duval Co, FL 24; Common by 26. up to present Hitchhiker Sites near mouth of the St. Johns River (Duval Co, FL) Native to the western coast of the Americas from California to Ecuador Pacific Ocean Distributed worldwide in warm and temperate seas Ship/boat hull fouling Federal Injurious Wildlife List "No such live fish, mollusks, crustacean, or any progency or eggs thereof may be released into the wild " (without a permit from FWC) (U.S. Lacey Act; 5 CFR Ch. I Sec ) Frank 28a Asian tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon Unintentional First recorded in Duval Co, FL 28 up to present Mariculture Caught at JU (near mouth of the St. Johns River (Duval Co, FL) Native to Southeast Asia, Philippines, Australia AustralAsia Escape from mariculture facility in Bluffton, SC in. Aquaculture stock Federal Injurious Wildlife List "No such live fish, mollusks, crustacean, or any progency or eggs thereof may be released into the wild " (without a permit from FWC) (U.S. Lacey Act; 5 CFR Ch. I Sec ) Sporadically collected from Cape Canaveral, FL north to Pamlico Sound, NC. USGS NAS 29 Goldfish Unidentified cichlids Carassius auratus (Linnaeus 1758) Intentional Intentional releases in the US, late 16's. up to 19 Intentional release Florida "Eastern Asia, including China and perhaps adjacent regions, also possibly parts of Europe if C. auratus gibelio is a valid subspecies and not just a feral introduction (Raicu er al. 1981)" (USGS NAS) Eurasia Intentional release by early settlers, 16 18's. Raised throughout the US as ornamental species. Unintentional Ornamental purposes Bait Stocking Humans Aquarium trade Escape from confinement Landscape/fauna "improvement" Cichlidae spp. Unknown Recorded in LSJRB between up to present Aquarium trade Clay County Uncertain without precise identification of species Africa Uncertain without precise identification of species Aquaculture stock Humans Federal Injurious Wildlife List "No such live fish, mollusks, crustacean, or any progency or eggs thereof may be released into the wild " (without a permit from FWC) (U.S. Lacey Act; 5 CFR Ch. I Sec ) Federal Injurious Wildlife List "No such live fish, mollusks, crustacean, or any progency or eggs thereof may be released USGS 29 Brodie 28; GSMFC 27; USGS

126 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES COMMON NAME INTRODUCTION AND DISPERSAL SCIENTIFIC NAME TYPE DATE DATE RANGE ROUTE (GEOGRAPHIC PATH) CAUSE TO FROM ORIGIN CORRIDOR VECTOR PROHIBITED STATUS? REFERENCES into the wild " (without a permit from FWC) (U.S. Lacey Act; 5 CFR Ch. I Sec ) Blue tilapia Oreochromis aureus Intentional fish stocked in Hillsborough Co, FL. Recorded in LSJRB between up to present Stocking Duval County Tropical and subtropical Africa, and Middle East Europe and Africa Intentional fish stocking Humans Federal Injurious Wildlife List "No such live fish, mollusks, crustacean, or any progency or eggs thereof may be released into the wild " (without a permit from FWC) (U.S. Lacey Act; 5 CFR Ch. I Sec ) Israeli tilapia Intentional release Illegal to possess, culture, or transport without a permit from FWC (F.A.C. 68A 23.8) Aquarium trade Brodie 28; GSMFC 27; USGS 29 Mozambique tilapia Oreochromis mossambicus Mozambique mouthbrooder, Java tilapia, largemouth kurper Unidentified tilapia Intentional, illegally 196's Introduced/established in Dade Co, FL up to present Stocking Clay County Tropical and subtropical Africa Africa Stocked, intentionally released, escapes from fish farms, aquarium release Unintentional Recorded in LSJRB between Angling Aquaculture stock Tilapia spp. Unknown Recorded in LSJRB between up to present Aquarium trade Intentional release Aquarium trade Duval County, St. Johns County, Clay County, Putnam County Uncertain without precise identification of species Africa Uncertain without precise identification of species Humans Humans Federal Injurious Wildlife List "No such live fish, mollusks, crustacean, or any progency or eggs thereof may be released into the wild " (without a permit from FWC) (U.S. Lacey Act; 5 CFR Ch. I Sec ) Federal Injurious Wildlife List "No such live fish, mollusks, crustacean, or any progency or eggs thereof may be released into the wild " (without a permit from FWC) (U.S. Lacey Act; 5 CFR Ch. I Sec ) Brodie 28; GSMFC 27; USGS 29 Brodie 28; GSMFC 27 Unidentified armoured catfish Loricariidae spp. Unknown Recorded in LSJRB between up to present Aquarium trade Clay County, Putnam County, St. Johns County "Tropical America. South and Central America from Uruguay north to Panama" (USGS NAS) South and Central America Fish farm escapes or releases, aquarium releases suckermouth armoured catfish, armoured catfish, "pleco" or "plec" (shortened forms of the species name Plecostomus spp.) Humans Aquaculture stock Federal Injurious Wildlife List "No such live fish, mollusks, crustacean, or any progency or eggs thereof may be released into the wild " (without a permit from FWC) (U.S. Lacey Act; 5 CFR Ch. I Sec ) Brodie 28; FWRI 26 Unidentified Colossoma or Intentional up to Intentional release Alachua County, "Tropical America. South Aquarium releases, Aquaculture stock Federal Injurious Wildlife USGS

127 COMMON NAME INTRODUCTION AND DISPERSAL SCIENTIFIC NAME TYPE DATE DATE RANGE LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Pacu Piaractus sp. Duval County Amazon, Orinoco, and La Plata river basins, South America" (USGS NAS) Brown Hoplo Many synonyms. Colossoma macropomum, Piaractus brachypomus, Piaractus metrei (could be junior synonym of P. mesopotamicus) Hoplosternum littorale (Hancock 1928) Unknown First recorded in Indian River Lagoon, 1995 up to ROUTE (GEOGRAPHIC PATH) CAUSE TO FROM ORIGIN CORRIDOR VECTOR PROHIBITED STATUS? REFERENCES America escapes from fish farms Aquarium trade Humans Aquaculture Stocking St. Johns River drainage, Brevard County near St. Johns River "Tropical America. South America east of the Andes and north of Buenos Aires" (USGS NAS) South America Rapidly range expansion throughout Florida Humans List "No such live fish, mollusks, crustacean, or any progency or eggs thereof may be released into the wild " (without a permit from FWC) (U.S. Lacey Act; 5 CFR Ch. I Sec ) Federal Injurious Wildlife List "No such live fish, mollusks, crustacean, or any progency or eggs thereof may be released into the wild " (without a permit from FWC) (U.S. Lacey Act; 5 CFR Ch. I Sec ) USGS 29 Suckermouth catfish Hypostomus sp. Intentional 1974, 23 up to Aquarium trade Lake Jessup on the St. Johns River (Seminole County), Volusia County "Tropical America. South and Central America from Uruguay north to Panama" (USGS NAS) South and Central America Fish farm escapes or releases, aquarium releases Unintentional Humans Aquaculture stock Federal Injurious Wildlife List "No such live fish, mollusks, crustacean, or any progency or eggs thereof may be released into the wild " (without a permit from FWC) (U.S. Lacey Act; 5 CFR Ch. I Sec ) USGS 29 Wiper Morone chrysops x saxatilis Intentional 197's, 1992 up to Stocking Whiterock Artificial hybrid between the white bass and the striped bass (although recorded to naturally occur in Arkansas) (palmetto, wiper, Cherokee) = female striped bass x male white bass (since 1965) Sunshine Bass = male striped bass x female white bass (since 1973) St. Johns River drainage, Duval County, Clay County Hybrid of native white bass and striped bass Artificial Hybrid Stocked by humans Humans Federal Injurious Wildlife List "No such live fish, mollusks, crustacean, or any progency or eggs thereof may be released into the wild " (without a permit from FWC) (U.S. Lacey Act; 5 CFR Ch. I Sec ) USGS

128 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES COMMON NAME Southern Sailfin Catfish INTRODUCTION AND DISPERSAL SCIENTIFIC NAME TYPE DATE DATE RANGE Pterygoplichthys anisitsi Synonym = snow king plecostomus in aquarium trade Intentional 27 up to present ROUTE (GEOGRAPHIC PATH) CAUSE TO FROM ORIGIN CORRIDOR VECTOR PROHIBITED STATUS? REFERENCES Intentional release St. Johns River near Picolata, 27 Tropical America. South America Likely aquarium release Humans Federal Injurious Wildlife List "No such live fish, mollusks, crustacean, or any progency or eggs thereof may be released into the wild " (without a permit from FWC) (U.S. Lacey Act; 5 CFR Ch. I Sec ) USGS 29 Vermiculated Sailfin Catfish Pterygoplichthys disjunctivus (Weber 1991) Intentional 23 up to present Aquaculture St. Johns River near Palatka (Palmetto Bluff) (Putnam County) "Tropical America. Madeira River drainage, Amazon basin, South America" (USGS NAS) South America Fish farm escapes or releases, aquarium releases Humans Aquarium trade Aquaculture stock Intentional release Federal Injurious Wildlife List "No such live fish, mollusks, crustacean, or any progency or eggs thereof may be released into the wild " (without a permit from FWC) (U.S. Lacey Act; 5 CFR Ch. I Sec ) USGS 29 Nutria Myocaster coypus Intentional 1956, 1957, 1963 up to Unintentional Harvesting fur/wool/hair Fur farm east of Palatka (Putnam County), East Palatka, Duval County native to South America South America Nutria were introduced into Florida in the 195s for fur farming (Brown, 1975). They have escaped captivity, or were released, and are now feral (Brown, 1975; Deems and Pursley, 1978). USGS NAS Humans Possession of nutria prohibited without a license from FWC (F.S ) USGS 29 Asian clam Corbicula fluminea (Muller, 1774) Unintentional Florida in 1964, Volusia County in 199, Lake Oklawaha 1975; H. Lee found in Black Creek between 1974 and up to Aquaculture Volusia County, Lake Oklawaha 1975 Temperate to tropical southern Asia west to the eastern Mediterranean; Africa, except in the Sahara Desert; southeast Asian islands south into central and eastern Australia" (USGS 29) Asia and Africa Widespread in Florida Asiatic clam Intentional Food Live seafood Live food trade Bait Stocking Aquaculture stock Humans Federal Injurious Wildlife List "No such live fish, mollusks, crustacean, or any progency or eggs thereof may be released into the wild " (without a permit from FWC) (U.S. Lacey Act; 5 CFR Ch. I Sec ) Lee 28a, 28b 128

129 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES COMMON NAME Charrua mussel INTRODUCTION AND DISPERSAL SCIENTIFIC NAME TYPE DATE DATE RANGE Mytella charruana (d'orbigny, 1846) Unknown 1986 Jacksonville; 24 Mosquito Lagoon, Mayport (Duval Co) 26, Marineland (Flagler Co) 26 up to Hitchhiker ROUTE (GEOGRAPHIC PATH) CAUSE TO FROM ORIGIN CORRIDOR VECTOR PROHIBITED STATUS? REFERENCES Power Plant, Blount Island, St. Johns River, Jacksonville (Duval County) South America South America probably ship(s) from South America Water Ship ballast water/sediment Federal Injurious Wildlife List "No such live fish, mollusks, crustacean, or any progency or eggs thereof may be released into the wild " (without a permit from FWC) (U.S. Lacey Act; 5 CFR Ch. I Sec ) Lee 28b Green mussel Perna viridis (Linneaus, 1758) Unintentional 1999 Tampa Bay; 23 St. Augustine and Jacksonville up to present Hitchhiker North Jetty at Huguenot Memorial Park, St. Johns River, Jacksonville (Duval Co), Crescent Bch (St. Johns Co) 23, Atlantic Bch (Duval Co) 23 "Tropical marine and estuarine waters of the Indo Pacific region of Asia, from the Persian Gulf to the South China Sea" (USGS NAS) Indo Pacific probably ship(s) from Indo Pacific Ship ballast water/sediment Intentional Intentional release Ship/boat hull fouling Humans Federal Injurious Wildlife List "No such live fish, mollusks, crustacean, or any progency or eggs thereof may be released into the wild " (without a permit from FWC) (U.S. Lacey Act; 5 CFR Ch. I Sec ) Frank 28a Paper Pondshell Utterbackia imbecillis (Say, 1829) Unknown 199 up to Lake Oneida, UNF (Duval Co) 25, H. Lee found in borrow pit in one of the Sawgrass communities in 199. Native Range: Mississippi River drainage as far west as Oklahoma; Great Lakes drainage. North America Federal Injurious Wildlife List "No such live fish, mollusks, crustacean, or any progency or eggs thereof may be released into the wild " (without a permit from FWC) (U.S. Lacey Act; 5 CFR Ch. I Sec ) Lee 28a, 28b Red rim Melania Melanoides tuberculata (Muller, 1774) Unknown 1976 up to Ft. Myers, Clearwater; H. Lee first recorded in Willowbranch Creek, Riverside, Jacksonville on 1/16/1976. Northern Africa to southern Asia Asia and Africa Federal Injurious Wildlife List "No such live fish, mollusks, crustacean, or any progency or eggs thereof may be released into the wild " (without a permit from FWC) (U.S. Lacey Act; 5 CFR Ch. I Sec ) Lee 28a, 28b Fawn Melania Melanoides cf. turricula (I. Lea, 185) 26 up to present Fruit Cove (St. Johns Co) 26, Arlington area of Jacksonville (Duval Co) 26 United States: (Alaska California Idaho Montana Oregon Washington), Canada: (Alberta British Columbia) North America Federal Injurious Wildlife List "No such live fish, mollusks, crustacean, or any progency or eggs thereof may be released into the wild " (without a permit from FWC) (U.S. Lacey Act; 5 CFR Ch. I Sec ) Lee 28b Spiketop Applesnail Pomacea diffusa (Blume, 1957) 26 up to present Arlington area of Jacksonville (Duval Co) 26 South America South America Federal Injurious Wildlife List "No such live fish, mollusks, crustacean, or Frank 28b 129

130 COMMON NAME INTRODUCTION AND DISPERSAL SCIENTIFIC NAME TYPE DATE DATE RANGE Brazilian applesnail, albino mystery snail, spike topped applesnail Channeled Applesnail Pomacea canaliculata (Lamarck, 1828) LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES ROUTE (GEOGRAPHIC PATH) CAUSE TO FROM ORIGIN CORRIDOR VECTOR PROHIBITED STATUS? REFERENCES Intentional? unknown Aquarium trade Duval Co South America South America 27 any progency or eggs thereof may be released into the wild " (without a permit from FWC) (U.S. Lacey Act; 5 CFR Ch. I Sec ) probable aquarium releases Humans Federal Injurious Wildlife List "No such live fish, mollusks, crustacean, or any progency or eggs thereof may be released into the wild " (without a permit from FWC) (U.S. Lacey Act; 5 CFR Ch. I Sec ) Frank 28b Island Applesnail Pomacea insularum (d'orbigny, 1839) Intentional? unknown Aquarium trade Duval Co, St. Johns Co, Volusia Co, Alachua Co South America South America probable aquarium releases Humans Federal Injurious Wildlife List "No such live fish, mollusks, crustacean, or any progency or eggs thereof may be released into the wild " (without a permit from FWC) (U.S. Lacey Act; 5 CFR Ch. I Sec ) Frank 28b Mouse ear marshsnail Mouse ear ovatella European Melampus Striped falselimpet Fimbriate shipworm Myosotella myosotis (Draparnaud, 181) Siphonaria pectinata unknown unknown St. Augustine (St. Johns Co) Native Range: Europe, from Great Britain and the western Baltic Sea to the Mediterranean and Black seas. unknown unknown NE Florida cryptogenic Mediterranean Sea Bankia fimbriatula unknown unknown NE Florida cryptogenic Pacific Ocean Europe Federal Injurious Wildlife List "No such live fish, mollusks, crustacean, or any progency or eggs thereof may be released into the wild " (without a permit from FWC) (U.S. Lacey Act; 5 CFR Ch. I Sec ) Europe and Africa Bulk freight/cargo Ship/boat hull fouling Humans Ship ballast water/sediment Ship/boat hull fouling Federal Injurious Wildlife List "No such live fish, mollusks, crustacean, or any progency or eggs thereof may be released into the wild " (without a permit from FWC) (U.S. Lacey Act; 5 CFR Ch. I Sec ) Federal Injurious Wildlife List "No such live fish, mollusks, crustacean, or any progency or eggs thereof may be released into the wild " (without a permit from FWC) (U.S. Lee 28b Lee 28b; McCarthy 28 Lee 28b 13

131 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES COMMON NAME INTRODUCTION AND DISPERSAL SCIENTIFIC NAME TYPE DATE DATE RANGE ROUTE (GEOGRAPHIC PATH) CAUSE TO FROM ORIGIN CORRIDOR VECTOR PROHIBITED STATUS? REFERENCES Humans Lacey Act; 5 CFR Ch. I Sec ) Striate Piddock shipworm Martesia striata unknown unknown NE Florida cryptogenic Indo Pacific Ship/boat hull fouling Humans Federal Injurious Wildlife List "No such live fish, mollusks, crustacean, or any progency or eggs thereof may be released into the wild " (without a permit from FWC) (U.S. Lacey Act; 5 CFR Ch. I Sec ) Lee 28b Red eared Slider Trachemys scripta elegans (Wei Neuwied, 1838) Intentional? up to Intentional release Alachua, Duval, Volusia Counties in LSJRB "Indigenous range broadly covers the midwestern states and extending as far east as West Virginia and a disjunct (relict) population in southern Ohio, as far west as eastern New Mexico, and as far south as south of the Rio Grande River into northeastern Mexico" (USGS NAS) North America pet releases and escapes Humans Red eared sliders less than four inches carapace length may not be possessed after July 1, 28 without a permit from FWC. Tutles already in personal possession prior to July 1, 27 may continue in the possession of the owner. Exception: rare color patterns (albino, pastel) may be possessed without a permit (F.A.C and ; and F.S ). USGS 29 Alligatorweed Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart. Griseb.) Unintentional in Florida, specimens collected up to 19 Hitchhiker Lower St. Johns River Duval Co, Flagler Co, Putnam Co, St. Johns Co, Volusia Co, Clay Co South America (first record in N. America was Mobile, AL) South America Ship ballast water/sediment Class I Prohibited Aquatic Plant (F.A.C. 62C 52) "Under no circumstances will these species be permitted for possession, collection, transportation, cultivation, and importation except as provided in Rule 62C 52.4, F.A.C.) USGS 29, McCann et al. Para grass Urochloa (Brachiaria) mutica (Forsk.) T.Q. Nguyen up to Intentional release Lower St. Johns River Putnam Co, St. Johns Co, Volusia Co, Duval Co, Flagler Co, Clay Co Synonyms = Buffalo grass, California grass, Mauritius grass, puakatau Agriculture (incl. horticulture, forestry, etc.) Water spangles Salvinia minima (Baker) 1928 First report for North America in and along St. Johns River; 23 expanding range up to 195 Aquarium trade 1928 St. Johns River; 23 Orange Park, FL Africa Africa Found in Florida since the early 19's (USGS), 187's (McCann ) "Central and South America; common and wide ranging from southern Mexico to northern Argentina and Brazil" (USGS NAS) South and Central America Humans NA USGS 29, McCann et al. Ship ballast water/sediment Class I Prohibited Aquatic Plant (F.A.C. 62C 52) "Under no circumstances will these species be permitted for possession, collection, transportation, cultivation, and importation except as provided in Rule 62C 52.4, F.A.C.) USGS 29, McCann et al. 131

132 COMMON NAME INTRODUCTION AND DISPERSAL SCIENTIFIC NAME TYPE DATE DATE RANGE LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES ROUTE (GEOGRAPHIC PATH) CAUSE TO FROM ORIGIN CORRIDOR VECTOR PROHIBITED STATUS? REFERENCES Synonyms = common salvinia Hitchhiker Humans Hydrilla Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle Unintentional (USGS), early 195s (Simberloff et al) up to Aquarium trade Asia Synonyms = water thyme, Indian star vine Garden waste disposal Lower St. Johns River Putnam Co, St. Johns Co, Volusia Co, Duval Co, Flagler Co, Clay Co, Indian subcontinent (USGS), Sri Lanka (Southeast Asia) (McCann et al ) "Most abundant aquatic plant in Florida public waters" Range expansion from Tampa and Miami areas (USGS 29) Debris associated with human activities Ship/boat Federal Noxious Weed List (Public Law ; 7 C.F.R. Ch. III Part 36); Rrgulated Plant Pest List (U.S.D.A. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service); Class I Prohibited Aquatic Plant (F.A.C. 62C 52) "Under no circumstances will these species be permitted for possession, collection, transportation, cultivation, and importation except as provided in Rule 62C 52.4, F.A.C.) USGS 29, McCann et al. Water hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solmes First released 188's, up to 19 Aquarium trade Garden escape Lower St. Johns River Putnam Co, St. Johns Co, Volusia Co, Duval Co, Flagler Co, Clay Co, Brazil, South America South America Humans Class I Prohibited Aquatic Plant (F.A.C. 62C 52) "Under no circumstances will these species be permitted for possession, collection, transportation, cultivation, and importation except as provided in Rule 62C 52.4, F.A.C.) USGS 29, McCann et al. Water lettuce Pistia stratiotes Described in Florida in 1765 (Bartram 1942) up to 19 Hitchhiker Origin is speculative, however regionally native insects suggests native to South America South America ships from South America Ship ballast water/sediment Class II Prohibited Aquatic Plant (F.A.C. 62C 52) May be cultured in nursuries for export out of the State; "Shall not be imported or collected from the wild" USGS 29, McCann et al. Brazilian waterweed Egeria densa (Planch) , First record at St. Johns River at Cross Florida Barge Canal (1969) Water sprite Ceratopteris thalictroides specimens collected up to up to Aquarium trade Lower St. Johns River Putnam Co, St. Johns Co, Volusia Co Intentional release Aquarium trade St. Johns River St. Johns Co, Putnam Co, Flagler Co Brazil, South America native of tropical East Asia and Australia South America accidental aquarium releases, intentional release for control of mosquito larvae Humans NA USGS 29, McCann et al. AustralAsia Humans NA USGS 29, McCann et al. Wild taro Colocasia esculenta Introduced to FL by Dept of Agr in 191, specimens collected up to 195 Intentional release St. Johns River Putnam Co, St. Johns Co, Clay Co, Duval Co, Volusia native to French Tropical Africa (McCann ) Africa Humans NA USGS

133 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES COMMON NAME INTRODUCTION AND DISPERSAL SCIENTIFIC NAME TYPE DATE DATE RANGE ROUTE (GEOGRAPHIC PATH) CAUSE TO FROM ORIGIN CORRIDOR VECTOR PROHIBITED STATUS? REFERENCES Co, Flagler Co Uruguay waterprimrose Ludwigia uruguayensis specimen collected up to Clay County southern South America South America NA USGS 29 Marsh dewflower Murdannia keisak 196 specimen collected up to Duval County Asia Asia NA USGS 29 Parrot feather Myriophyllum aquaticum specimens collected parrot feather watermilfoil, Brazilian water milfoil Brittle naiad Najas minor specimens collected, in US since 193's Slender Naiad Crested floatingheart Nymphoides cristata up to 195 up to specimen collected up to present Aquarium trade St. Johns River St. Johns Co, Clay Co, Duval Co, Volusia Co, Flagler Co Crescent Lake Flagler Co, Putnam County (USGS corrected) Ponte Vedra, St. Johns Co South America South America Humans NA USGS 29, McCann et al. Eurasia Eurasia NA USGS 29, McCann et al. China, eastern Asia, Indian subcontinent Asia NA USGS 29 Water cress Nasturtium officinale 1995 specimens collected up to Torpedo grass Panicum repens specimens collected, Lower Kissimee Valley 192s up to 195 Agriculture (incl. horticulture, forestry, etc.) Food Aquarium trade Intentional release Clay Co, Duval Co St. Johns Co, Putnam Co, Duval Co, Flagler Co, Duval Co, Clay Co, native to Europe and Northern Asia First described in Europe (McCann ) Eurasia Humans NA USGS 29, McCann et al. Europe Humans NA USGS 29, McCann et al. Cylindro bluegreen algae Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii Unintentional 195's first ID in the US; 1995 first ID in Florida up to Digestion/excretion First bloomed in Upper Basin Lakes around Orlando High degree of genetic similarity with Brazil South America Hitchhiker Other live animal Interconnected waterways Ship ballast water/sediment Aquarium trade Ship/boat Water Humans NA Dyble, Paerl, Neilan

134 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES Appendix: Table 1. Species from federal lists occurring in the Lower St. Johns River Basin. Category Common Scientific Code County Mammals West Indian (Florida) Manatee Trichechus manatus latirostris E/CH Duval, Clay, St. Johns, Putnam, Flagler, Volusia Anastasia Isl. Beach Mouse Peromyscus polionotus phasma E St. Johns Birds Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus T Duval, Clay, St. Johns, Putnam, Flagler, Volusia Everglade Snail Kite Rostrhamus sociabilis plumbeus E Volusia Piping Plover Charadrius melodus T Duval, St. Johns, Volusia Florida Scrub-jay Aphelocoma coeruluscens T Clay, St. Johns, Putnam, Flagler, Volusia Wood Stork Mycteria americana E Duval, Clay, St. Johns, Putnam, Flagler, Volusia Red-cockaded Woodpecker Picoides botealis E Duval, Clay, Putnam, Flagler, Volusia Fish none St. Johns, Volusia Gulf Sturgeon Acipenser oxyrhynchus desotoi T Flagler Shortnose Sturgeon Acipenser brevitostrum E Duval, Clay, Putnam Reptiles Eastern Indigo Snake Dymarchon corais couperi T Duval, Clay, St. Johns, Putnam, Flagler, Volusia Amphibians none Duval, Clay, St. Johns, Putnam, Flagler Mollusks none Duval, Clay, St. Johns, Putnam, Flagler, Volusia Crustaceans none Duval, Clay, St. Johns, Putnam, Flagler, Volusia Plants none Duval, St. Johns, Flagler Chapman's Rhododendron Rhododendron chapmanii E Clay, Etonia Rosrmary Conradina etonia E Putnam, Rugel's Pawpaw Deeringothamnus rugelii E Volusia Okeechobee gourd Cucurbita okeechobeensis ssp. E Volusia Source: USFWS,

135 LOWER ST. JOHNS RIVER REPORT APPENDICES FLORIDA S ENDANGERED SPECIES, THREATENED SPECIES, AND SPECIES OF SPECIAL CONCERN May 28 FLORIDA FISH AND WILDLIFE CONSERVATION COMMISSION Source: FWC, 29 Click here to view the status of species protected under State Laws. 135

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