Station 1: The NFL and Newton s First Law
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- Mildred Ford
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1 Station 1: The NFL and Newton s First Law 1. Access this link on the ipad/itouch or scan the QR Code (using the i-nigma APP) below. You will need headphones Watch the video clip titled: Science of NFL Football: Newton s First Law of Motion. 3. Answer the Analysis Questions: A. Explain Newton s 1 st Law of Motion B. How does Newton s 1 st Law of Motion apply to football? C. What is the relationship between inertia and mass?
2 Station 5: The NFL and Newton s Second Law 1. Access this link on the ipad/itouch or scan the QR code (using the i-nigma APP) below. You will need headphones! 2. Watch the video clip titled: Science of NFL Football: Newton s Second Law of Motion. 3. Answer the Analysis Questions: A. Explain Newton s 2 nd Law of Motion B. What is the mathematical formula associated with this law? C. What is an impulse in physics?
3 Station 7: The NFL and Newton s Third Law 1. Access this link on the ipad/itouch or scan the QR Code (using the i-nigma APP) below. You will need headphones! 2. Watch the video clip titled: Science of NFL Football: Newton s Third Law of Motion. 3. Answer the Analysis Questions: A. Explain Newton s 3 rd Law of Motion B. What is the mathematical formula associated with this law? C. Why is a collision of two football players considered an inelastic collision?
4 Station 2: f=ma: Weak vs. Strong Forces Applied Force Distance Traveled By Toy Bus (cm) Average Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 (T1+T2+T3) 3 Weak Strong Procedure 1. Draw the data table above in your science journal. 2. Create pathway for the bus using two metric rulers. The rulers will act as guardrails to keep the path of the bus relatively straight and can be used to measure distance. 3. Place the toy bus and the craft stick at the same end of the track. 4. Align one end of the craft stick to the back of the bus. 5. Slightly pull back the end of the craft stick next to the bus with one hand while securely holding the opposite end of the craft stick with the other hand. 6. Release the pulled end of the craft stick and gently pop the bus with the stick. Do not pull the craft stick back so far that the stick cracks or breaks! THINK ABOUT IT: How can you ensure that each pop is consistent? 7. Record the distance the bus travels in cm for three trials and determines the average distance traveled by the bus with the weak applied force (light pop). 8. Repeat steps 2-7 increasing the pull on the craft stick for a stronger applied force (stronger pop). Conclusion A. What is the independent variable in this investigation? B. What is the dependent variable in this investigation? C. Use your data from above to write a conclusion statement describing the relationship between the applied force (pop) and the motion of the bus.
5 Station 3: f=ma: Small Mass vs. Large Mass Added Mass Distance Traveled By Toy Cart (cm) Average Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 (T1+T2+T3) 3 None Add g Procedure 1. Draw the data table above in your science journal. 2. Create pathway for the empty cart using two metric rulers. The rulers will act as guardrails to keep the path of the cart relatively straight and can be used to measure distance. 3. Place the empty toy cart and the craft stick at the same end of the track. 4. Align one end of the craft stick to the back of the cart. 5. Slightly pull back the end of the craft stick next to the cart with one hand while securely holding the opposite end of the craft stick with the other hand. 6. Release the pulled end of the craft stick and gently pop the empty cart with the stick. Do not pull the craft stick back so far that the stick cracks or breaks! THINK ABOUT IT: How can you ensure that each pop is consistent? 7. Record the distance the empty cart travels in cm for three trials and determines the average distance traveled by the empty cart. 8. Repeat steps 2-7 increasing the mass of the cart by adding a brass mass piece to your cart. Record the amount of mass you add in the data table. a. Hint: Center the brass mass piece so the cart doesn t tip over, and make sure you use the same amount of force (pop) as you did when the cart was empty. Conclusion A. What is the independent variable in this investigation? B. What is the dependent variable in this investigation? C. Use your data from above to write a conclusion statement describing the relationship between the applied force (pop) and the motion of the car.
6 Procedure: Station 6: Friction 1. Draw the data table into your science journal. 2. Set up the ramp on the far edge of the table. Place the toy at the top of the ramp and release so that it travels across the table. 3. Place a piece of masking tape on the counter where the toy car comes to a complete stop. Measure the distance the toy travels beyond the edge of the ramp, in cm. Repeat until you collect 3 trials of valid data. Calculate average distance. Record. 4. Cover the table at the end of the ramp with fabric. Secure with tape as needed. 5. Repeat steps 1-3 for each trial using fabric. 6. Change the surface at the bottom of the ramp to sandpaper. Secure with tape as needed. 7. Repeat step 1-3 for each trial using sandpaper. 8. Answer the analysis question. 9. Organize this station. Reset it for the next group. Surface Trial 1 (cm) Trial 2 (cm) Trial 3 (cm) Average (cm) (T1+T2+T3) 3 Bare Fabric Sandpaper Analysis Questions: A. What is the relationship between surface and distance traveled? B. How does friction affect motion? C. Why is friction referred to as an opposing force?
7 Station 8: Tug of War: Balanced vs. Unbalanced Forces Procedure: 1. Draw the data table in your science journal. 2. Place the rubber band on the hooks of two spring scales as shown in the diagram above. 3. Move to an area where you have space to move. Have one person pull their spring scale to represent Spring Scale A. Have another person pull their spring scale in the opposite direction to represent Spring Scale B. 4. Each person should pull their scale to show the force measurements in the table. **NOTE THIS MAY RESULT IN YOU PULLING OR BEING PULLED** 5. Record data on how the students moved and in which direction. 6. Repeat steps 3-5 until each person in your group has participated. 7. Answer the analysis questions. Trial Spring Scale A Spring Scale B 1 20N 20N OBSERVATIONS (Movement Result) 2 10N 20N 3 20N 10N Analysis Questions: 1. Define balanced forces and unbalanced forces (my website) 2. Which trial(s) resulted in balanced forces? How do you know? 3. Which trial(s) resulted in unbalanced forces? How do you know?
8 Procedure: Station 3: Roller Coaster Kinetics: Station 9: Calculating Speed 1. Note the different colored tracks marked on the edge of the structure. 2. Make a prediction about which track will result in the greatest speed of the ball, and which result in the slowest. Record your prediction in row Measure the distance (length) of the track s base in meters. Record. Each track has the same base distance 4. Measure the time it takes for the golf ball to travel the length of each track. Repeat so you collect 3 trials of valid data. Calculate average time. Record. 5. Calculate speed for each track. Use the average time in your calculations. **TIP: Use the board as a barricade so the golf ball doesn t fly off the track. My prediction: The golf ball traveling down Track will have the fastest speed. Track will have the slowest speed. RED TRACK 1: GREEN TRACK 2: YELLOW TRACK 3: BLUE TRACK 4: Distance: Distance: Distance: Distance: T1 Time: T1 Time: T1 Time: T1 Time: T2 Time: T2 Time: T2 Time: T2 Time: T3 Time: T3 Time: T3 Time: T3 Time: T4 Time: T4 Time: T4 Time: T4 Time: Average Time: Average Time: Average Time: Average Time: SPEED: SPEED SPEED SPEED
9 Station 4: Newton s Cradle Procedure: 1. Tape 2 meter sticks on the desk far enough apart to create space for the marbles to roll horizontally, but not vertically. Place tape on the ends so it will not be in the path of the marbles. 2. Place the two marbles a few inches from each other between the two rulers. See Fig.1 above. 3. Take turns gently tapping one marble so that it rolls and hits the second one. Record your observations. 4. Place two marbles together. Place a third marble several inches away. See Fig.2 above. Take turns gently tapping the single marble so that it hits the other two. Record your observations. 5. Experiment with other combinations of marbles and record your observations Answer the analysis questions 6. Remove all tape from the table. Organize your area reset for the next group. Analysis: A. Describe what happened in the first trial? Where did the force go? B. What did you find out when using your own combinations? C. Define Newton s 3 rd Law (my website). How does this activity relate to this law?
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