Army Lists. Land of the Samurai. Contents

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2 Land of the Samurai Contents Army Lists Yayoi Japanese 500 BCE to 250 CE Yamoto Era Japanese 251 to 790 CE Emishi 400 to 802 CE Heian Japanese 794 to 1179 CE Sohei Monks (02) 980 to 1550 CE Kamakura Samurai 1180 to 1335 CE Muromachi Samurai (02) 1335 to 1500 CE Muromachi Peasant Uprising 1428 to 1441 CE Ikko Ikki 1477 to 1580 CE Sengoku Japanese (02) 1500 to 1585 CE Nobunaga Japanese (02) 1540 to 1582 CE Takeda Japanese (02) 1560 to 1575 CE Version : 1 st January 2019

3 Creating an army with the Mortem et Gloriam Army Lists Use the army lists to create your own customised armies using the Mortem et Gloriam Army Builder. There are few general rules to follow: 1. An army must have at least 2 generals and can have no more than You must take at least the minimum of any troops noted, and may not go beyond the maximum of any. 3. No army may have more than two generals who are Talented or better. 4. Unless specified otherwise, all elements in a UG must be classified identically. Unless specified otherwise, if an optional characteristic is taken, it must be taken by all the elements in the UG for which that optional characteristic is available. 5. Any UGs can be downgraded by one quality grade and/or by one shooting skill representing less strong, tired or understrength troops. If any bases are downgraded all in the UG must be downgraded. So AverageExperienced skirmishers can always be downgraded to PoorUnskilled. Where allies are allowed they must conform to the following rules: 1. They must be a minimum of 2 and a maximum of 4 UGs. 2. They must take UGs sufficient to get them to at least 50% of the minimums in the list being used. 3. They can thereafter take any troops up to the maximum to create the rest of the allied contingent. 4. Unless specified in the notes, the general must be the same type as the army commander in the main list but cannot be legendary. Usually this results in 13 UGs being compulsory and you having full flexibility on the rest. Where an internal ally is allowed, and no contingent is specified they must conform to the following rules: 1. They must be a minimum of 2 and a maximum of 4 UGs. 2. The total number of troops taken of each type in the entire army must not exceed the maxima for that troop type. 3. They must take UGs sufficient to get them to at least 50% of the minimums in the list if there is sufficient allowance for a UG after the core army itself has taken the minimum. 4. They can thereafter take any troops up to the maximum to create the rest of the allied contingent. Usually this results in 13 UGs being compulsory and you having full flexibility on the rest. Version : 1 st January 2019

4 Historical Introduction The prehistoric or Jōmon period of Japan spans from at least BCE. At some point between 1000 and 800 BCE agriculture started to take over from hunting and foraging. Bronze, and later Iron, weapons and tools were imported from China and Korea. These new ideas came with migrants from the mainland. This change was accompanied by an increase in both the stratification of society, tribal warfare and moated fortifications. Gradually Japan was unified into a single kingdom. The centre of the unified state was Yamato in the Kinai region of central Japan. The rulers of the Yamato state were a hereditary line of Emperors who still reign as the world's longest dynasty. The rulers of the Yamato extended their power across Japan through military conquest, but their preferred method of expansion was to convince local leaders to accept their authority in exchange for positions of influence in the government. Many of the powerful local clans who joined the Yamato state became known as the uji. These leaders sought and received formal diplomatic recognition from China, and Chinese accounts record five successive such leaders as the Five kings of Wa. Buddhism was introduced to Japan in 538 CE and has coexisting with Japan s native Shinto religion. The official name for Japan, Nihon, also originated at this time. The Yamoto era is often subdivided into three periods, the Kofun period (c. 250 to 538), the Asuka period (538 to 710) and the Nara period (710 to 794). In 645 the Sogo clan was overthrown by the Fujiwara clan. Their government devised and implemented the farreaching Taika Reforms. The reforms nationalized all land in Japan, to be distributed equally among cultivators, and ordered the compilation of a household registry as the basis for a new system of taxation. Subsequently, the Jinshin War of 672, a bloody conflict between two rivals to the throne, became a major catalyst for further administrative reforms. These reforms culminated with the promulgation of the Taihō Code, which consolidated existing statutes and established the structure of the central government and its subordinate local governments. These legal reforms created the ritsuryō state, a system of Chinesestyle centralized government that remained in place for half a millennium In 794 the capital was moved to Heiankyō (modern Kyoto), which remained the capital until During the early Heian period, the imperial court successfully consolidated its control over the Emishi people of northern Honshu. Throughout the Heian period, the power of the imperial court declined. The nationalization of land undertaken as part of the ritsuryō state decayed as various noble families and religious orders succeeded in securing taxexempt status for their private shōen manors. By the eleventh century, more land in Japan was controlled by shōen owners than by the central government. In response, the owners of the shōen set up their own armies of samurai warriors. Two powerful noble families, the Taira and Minamoto clans, acquired large armies. The central government began to employ these two warrior clans to help suppress rebellions and piracy. A new class of slaves composed of poor farmers, debtors, and criminals sold into bondage grew during this period. By 1051, members of the Abe clan, based in northern Japan, were openly defying the central authority. The court recruited the Minamoto clan whom they defeated in the Former Nine Years War. In the Later ThreeYear War, Fujiwara no Kiyohira rebelled and the Northern Fujiwara controlled northern Honshu for the next century. Version : 1 st January 2019

5 In 1156, a dispute over succession resulted in the Taira clan led by Taira no Kiyomori defeating the Minamoto clan. The struggle between both clans led to the Heiji Rebellion in In 1180, Taira no Kiyomori was challenged leading to the fouryear Genpei War between the clans. The victory of the Minamoto clan was sealed in 1185 at the naval battle of Dannoura who then became de facto rulers of Japan. This introduced the Kamakura period. The Kamakura period introduced military rule or shogunate, government headed by a shogun. This remained largely the situation until The regime which was established was decentralized and feudalistic in structure. Vassals could maintain their own armies and to administer law and order in their provinces on their own terms. In 1221 there was a rebellion, known as the Jōkyū War, to restore political power to the court but it failed. The shogunate further consolidated its political power. The samurai armies of the whole nation were mobilized in 1274 and 1281 to confront two fullscale invasions launched by Kublai Khan of the Mongol Empire. The Japanese fought the Mongols to a standstill in Kyushu on both occasions until the Mongol fleet was destroyed by typhoons called kamikaze, meaning "divine wind". In 1333 the Kamakura shogunate was overthrown. When Emperor GoDaigo refused to support Takauji, the general captured Kyoto and installed a rival member of the imperial family. GoDaigo responded by fleeing to the southern city of Yoshino, where he set up a rival government. This ushered in a period of conflict between the Northern Court and the Southern Court until Meanwhile the feudal lords, called daimyōs, had increased their power. During the 15th century the country descended into another, more violent period of civil war. This started in 1467 when the Ōnin War broke out over who would succeed the ruling shogun. By the time the succession was settled in 1477, the shogun had lost all power over the daimyo. In 1543 a Chinese ship carrying three Portuguese traders was blown off course and landed on the Japanese island of Tanegashima. Soon European traders would introduce many new items to Japan, most importantly the musket. By 1556, the daimyōs were already using about 300,000 muskets in their armies. During the second half of the 16th century Japan gradually reunified under two powerful warlords, Oda Nobunaga and Toyotomi Hideyoshi. Nobunaga was renowned for his strategic leadership and his ruthlessness. He equipped his armies with muskets and trained them with innovative tactics. His peasant servant Toyotomi Hideyoshi, became one of his best generals. The Takeda clan went a different direction and honoured their Emishi heritage as the first clan to use charging cavalry with lance. The two alternative forces clashed at the Battle of Nagashino where firepower defeated cavalry. Version : 1 st January 2019

6 Army Commander 1 Any Instinctive Dates 500 BCE to 250 CE SubGenerals 01 Any Instinctive Terrain Coastal, Mountains Internal Allied Generals 13 Any Instinctive Camp Unfortified or Flexible; Poor or Average Name Characteristics Min Mandatory Optional Max 0 6 Retainers Superior Protected Melee Expert ,8,9 Daggeraxe and swordsmen Average Protected Melee Expert 90 Replace daggeraxe and 6,8 Average Protected Short Spear swordsmen with spearmen Any Upgrade archers with large Experienced 0 6,8 Average Unprotected Shield Cover Combat Shy shields Bow 18 Experienced 32 6,8,9 Archers Average Unprotected Combat Shy Bow 128 Experienced 0 6,9 Skirmishing archers Average Unprotected Combat Shy Skirmisher Bow 72 Replace skirmishing archers Experienced 6,9 Average Unprotected Combat Shy with slingers Skirmisher Sling Any Notes A command cannot include more than one TuG of retainers. SPECIAL RULE: Archers with large shields may shoot whilst claiming shield cover. This rule must be notified to your opponent when they are deployed. Historical Notes This list covers Japanese armies of the Yayoi era. There was no central control during this era and Chinese sources report over 100 "Wa" states. Troop Notes Type Training and Quality Yayoi Japanese Protection Shooting Skill Melee Weapons included daggeraxes, swords, spears, bows and slings. Shields were mostly light and of moderate size but large shields have been found. Spears were up to 10 foot in length. Changes from last version None. UG Size Version : 1 st December 2018

7 Army Commander 1 Any Instinctive Dates 251 CE to 790 CE SubGenerals 03 Any Instinctive Terrain Coastal, Mountains Internal Allied Generals 02 Any Instinctive Camp Unfortified or Flexible; Poor or Average Name Cavalry (from 400 CE) Yugei guard Spearmen Archers Levy archers Heishi militia from 646 CE Type Training and Yamato Era Japanese Quality Protection Shooting Skill Melee Characteristics Min Mandatory Optional Max Average Superior Average Average Average Protected Protected Protected Protected Unprotected 0 4,6 Short Spear 8 Experienced 0 6,8 Melee Expert Pavise Bow 8 8 6,8 Short Spear Shield Cover 36 Experienced Pavise, Combat 16 6,8 Bow Shy 72 Experienced 0 6,8 Combat Shy Bow 24 Experienced 4 4,6 Heishi militia cavalry Average Protected Short Spear Bow 12 Unskilled 9 6,8,9 Heishi militia infantry Average Unprotected Short Spear Pavise Bow 27 *see Heihi militia with bolt Experienced 0 Average Unprotected note shooter Light Art 4 Allies Emishi allies Notes Spearmen and archers may be combined into TuGs of 6 or 9 with 1/3 spearmen and 2/3 archers. Heishi minima apply if any heishi are used. SPECIAL RULE: A single oyumi bolt shooter may be added to a Heishi infantry TuG to create a TuG of 7 or 9. TuGs with oyumi may not double move. The artillery may shoot from a 3rd rank. This must be explained to your opponent when they are deployed. UG Size Version : 1 st December 2018

8 Historical Notes Changes from last version None. Yamato Era Japanese This list covers the Japanese armies through to 794 CE when the tactics and form changes from a Chinese/Korean style of infantry army to the horse and bow style of the later samurai. It encompasses both the Kofun period (c ) and the Asuka period ( ) named after the areas in which the imperial capital was located at the time. The armies were generally involved in campaigns trying to subjugate the northern Emishi or in Baejke Korea initally invading it in 366 and then fighting with it against threat from the Tang and Silla Korean in 663. The nation had a large navy and sent some 400 ships in support of the Koreans, but these were heavily defeated by the Tang at the Battle at Paekchogong in 663. The armies of this time revolved around individual clans and it was the Yamato clan which rose to a position of leadership. There was no permanent national army, nor was there even a permanent capital. Troop Notes The imperial armies of this time were infantry based and built around archers often with protection from large shields and spearmen. In interal squabbles there are examples of Emishi troops allied with Yamato troops fighting for either side. Version : 1 st December 2018

9 Army Commander 1 Any Instinctive Dates 400 CE to 802 CE SubGenerals 03 Any Instinctive Terrain Coastal, Plains, Mountains Internal Allied Generals Camp Unfortified or Flexible; Poor or Average Name Nobles Warriors Skirmishers Allies Yamato Era Japanese allies Historical Notes Type Training and Formed Flexible Skirmisher Quality Protection Troop Notes The Emishi were a nomadic horse people who fought in a mobile and guerilla style. Changes from last version None. Emishi Shooting Skill Melee Characteristics Min Mandatory Optional Max Superior Protected Experienced 0 4,6 Melee Expert Bow 12 Average Unprotected Experienced 24 4,6 Bow 72 Average Unprotected Experienced Cantabrian, 0 4,6 Bow Combat Shy 24 This list covers the Emishi of northern Honshu from their first mention around 400 CE until their supression by Sakanoue no Tamuramaro in 802 during the 38 years war. They were part of the political fabric of northern Japan rather than "barbarians" and their skilled use of horse and bow led to the development of the samurai after the Japanese army developed similar troops to defeat them. The Emsihi tended to operate in the Sendai plains and retreat to the internal mountainous areas as needed. They were involved in several large battles with the Japanese. Their mobility proved difficult for much larger Japanese forces to contend with. In 789, the Japanese army under Ki no Kosami Seito shogun was heavily defeated by the Isawa Emishi under their general Aterui at the Battle of Koromo River (also known as the Battle of Sufuse). They also allied themselves at times to Japanese forces, and had Japanese forces allied with them. They also sent envoys to the Tang Chinese. UG Size Version : 1 st December 2018

10 Army Commander 1 Any Instinctive Dates 794 CE to 1179 CE SubGenerals 03 Any Instinctive Terrain Coastal, Mountains Internal Allied Generals Camp Unfortified or Flexible; Poor or Average Name Samurai bushi Upgrade samurai bushi (from 1055 CE) Followers Heishi militia Nimbei conscripts or banria peasants Oyumi bolt shooter (before 900 CE) Stampeding cattle Allies Emishi allies (before 900 CE) Sohei Monk allies (from 1150 CE) Type Training and ARTILLERY Skirmisher Tribal Close Quality Heian Japanese Protection Shooting Skill Melee Characteristics Min Mandatory Optional Max UG Size Superior Superior Average Average Poor Average Poor Protected Protected Protected Unprotected Unprotected Unprotected Protected Experienced 8 4,6 Melee Expert Bow 24 Experienced 4,6 Melee Expert Powerbow All Experienced 16 6,8 Pavise, Barricades Bow 54 Experienced 0 6,8 Short Spear Barricades Bow 16 Experienced Barricades, 0 8,9,10 Short Spear Bow Combat Shy 16 Experienced Barricades, 0 2,3,4 Light Art Combat Shy 4 Expendables, 0 4 Devastating Chargers, Combat Shy 4 Version : 1 st December 2018

11 Historical Notes Heian Japanese This list covers the Heian period which began in 794 CE after the movement of the capital to Heiankyō (presentday Kyōto), by beginning of the era the Japanese sought to subdue the Emishi. This was effectively achieved by 802 and the Emishi rebellions thereafter were relatively minor. Families vied for power based on their military might with the Fujiwara clan the original main power. Fujiwara controlled the throne until The Taira of the rebelled as early as 939, when Taira no Masakado led an uprising in the eastern province of Hitachi. The Fujiwara were largely destroyed when sided with the retired emperor in a violent battle in 1156 against the Taira and Minamoto (Hōgen Rebellion). This led to a period of Taira dominance until the Genpei War of 1180 to 1185 resulted in the first Minamoto Shogunate. Small contingents of Monks fought alongside the clans at various times. They are first recorded as small fighting forces around 970, but were never terribly effect as a fighting force. Troop Notes At the beginning of the era the Japanese began to train Kondei as mounted archers absorbing some of the fighting methods of the Emishi. These mounted warriors evolved through the Heian period as the military caste, gaining more and more power and gradually became the Samurai (ones who serve). The Samurai in the form we know generally, long powerful bow and sword, seem to have emerged in the Nine Years Wars from 1055 to 1063, and at this time fought mounted wherever possible. Changes from last version Adjusted end date. Adjusted minimums. Regraded Samurai. Added Stampeding cattle. Version : 1 st December 2018

12 Army Commander 1 Any Instinctive Dates 980 CE to 1550 CE SubGenerals 03 Any Instinctive Terrain Mountains Internal Allied Generals Camp Unfortified or Flexible; Poor or Average Name Type Training and Quality Sohei Monks Protection Shooting Skill Melee Characteristics Min Mandatory Optional Max Mounted monks (before Experienced 0 4,6 Superior Protected Melee Expert Dismountable 1055 CE) Bow 12 Mounted monks (from 1055 Experienced 0 4,6 Superior Protected Melee Expert Dismountable CE) Powerbow 12 Warrior monk shrine Experienced Melee Expert, 4 4,6 Superior Protected protectors Bow Fanatic 6 Experienced 0 4,6 Disenfranchised ronin Superior Protected Melee Expert Bow 12 Experienced 0 6,8 Armoured warrior monks Average Protected Melee Expert Bow 16 Devastating 12 6,8,9 Warrior monks Poor Unprotected Fleet of Foot Chargers 60 Upgrade warrior monks with Devastating 6,8,9 Poor Unprotected Chargers, Melee Fleet of Foot naginata (from 1050 CE) Expert Any 12 6,8,9 Followers Poor Unprotected 60 Upgrade followers with 6,8,9 Poor Unprotected Melee Expert naginata (from 1050 CE) Any Monks with teppo (from Experienced 0 4,6 Average Unprotected 1545 CE) Firearm 8 UG Size Version : 1 st January 2019

13 Sohei Monks Allies Heian Japanese allies (only to 1179 CE) Taira clan allies Kamakura Samurai (only from 1180 to 1185 CE) Muromachi Samurai allies (only from 1335 CE) Ikko Ikki (only from 1477 CE) Notes The army commander should be represented by a shrine carried on a cart of some form and the army commander must stay with the shrine protectors at all times. Mounted monks dismount as, Protected, Skilled, Bow (before 1055 CE) Powerbow (from 1055 CE), Melee Expert. Historical Notes This list covers he Sohei warrior monks of Japan, the best known of which came from Mount Hiei. The earliest material involvement of these in military matters is around 980 CE. In 1180 a warrior monk army lost decisively to a samurai army at the Battle of Uji Bridge, where they proved vulnerable to the missile fire of the Samurai. In 1219 and 1256 they marched on Kyoto and were relatively easily suppressed and they fought in their own right at various times through to Later they are found allied to the IkkoIkki. Troop Notes The monks adopted the naginata as a weapon over the sword from the mid 12th century primarily as it was a cheaper bladed weapon where the reach compensated somewhat for the skill of enemy swordsmen. The monks also acquired small numbers of firearms in the later period from Warrior monks would often carry their shrine into battle and fight furiously to defend them. Changes from last version : Melee expert option for armoured monks. Fleet of Foot option for warrior monks. Added Sohei Monks : Armoured monks optional. Version : 1 st January 2019

14 Army Commander 1 Any Instinctive Dates 1180 CE to 1334 CE SubGenerals 03 Any Instinctive Terrain Coastal, Mountains Internal Allied Generals Camp Unfortified or Flexible; Poor or Average Name Separate samurai bushi Characteristics Min Mandatory Optional Max Skilled 0 4,6 Superior Protected Melee Expert Dismountable Powerbow 8 Skilled 3 6, 9 Samurai Superior Protected Melee Expert Dismountable Powerbow 9 Skilled 6 0 Samurai on foot Superior Protected Melee Expert Powerbow 12 Fleet of Foot, 18 Followers with naginata Average Unprotected Melee Expert 54 Upgrade all followers in a Fleet of Foot, Average Protected TuG with domaru armour Melee Expert Any Archers Upgrade all archers in a TuG with domaru armour Followers with naginata Upgrade followers with naginata Type Training and Mixed TuG of 6 or 9, 1/3 bushi and 2/3 followers; or TuG of 6, 1/2 bushi and 1/2 followers Quality Kamakura Samurai Protection Shooting Skill Melee UG Size Average Average Average Average Unprotected Protected Unprotected Protected Experienced 0 6,8 Barricades Bow 16 Experienced 6,8 Barricades Bow Any Fleet of Foot, 0 6,8,9 Melee Expert Barricades 16 6,8,9 Melee Expert Barricades Any Version : 1 st December 2018

15 Armed farmers Stampeding cattle Sohei monks Allies Sohei Monk allies Notes For Taira clan (from 1180 to 1185 CE) Kamakura Samurai Poor Unprotected 0 8,9,10 Barricades 16 Poor Protected Expendables, 0 4 Devastating Chargers, Combat Shy 4 Devastating 0 6,8,9 Poor Unprotected Fleet of Foot Chargers 18 Samurai bushi dismount as, Superior, Protected, Skilled Powerbow, Melee Expert. Samurai may deploy in 6s or 9s with 1 rank of bushi and 2 ranks of followers or in 8s with 2 ranks of bushi and 2 ranks of followers. Historical Notes Tribal Close This list covers the Samurai armies from the beginning of the Genpei war in 1180AD, which is around the time of the naginata becoming a main fighting weapon (noted from 1185 CE), through the Mongol invasion, until the yari spear became a common weapon. It spans the Kamakura first shogunate and the following Nambokuco period. Through this era the style of fighting remained largely constant with tribal clans fighting together led by their individual daimyo (warlords). However, the skill levels with the bow climbed considerably with the evolution of many new schools (many of which are the ancestors of the existing Kyujutsu schools of Japan). Liberal use of the standard option to downgrade from skilled to experienced can be used to represent Samurai who have not yet benefited from such development. Troop Notes The naginata first emerges as a weapon used by monks in around 1050 CE. It is not a heavy weapon indeed it was a cheaper alternative to the sword that was easier to use without the expertise needed for the swords. We therefore treat it Melee Expert rather than 2H CutCrush. Bushi generally fought mounted where possible but now with foot followers supporting them directly, but they proved equally adept at fighting on foot should the need arise as seen in many of the battle in towns and on ships. Lightly equipped followers were adept at keeping up with the horsemen. Many battles of the era were in challenging terrain or around castles and fieldworks were fairly commonly used in the narrow valleys where battles often occurred. The Japanese bow has been proven to have the penetrative power and range of a medieval longbow, achieved through composite design. Stampeding cattle on a flank march notably turned the Battle of Kurikara or Tonamiyami (Kurikara) in Changes from last version Adjusted start date. Changed mixed units. Fleet of Foot characteristic added to replace special rule. Version : 1 st December 2018

16 Army Commander 1 Any Professional Dates 1335 CE to 1500 CE SubGenerals 03 Any Terrain Coastal, Mountains Internal Allied Generals Camp Unfortified or Flexible; Poor or Average Name Separate samurai bushi Characteristics Min Mandatory Optional Max Skilled 0 4 Superior Protected Melee Expert Dismountable Powerbow 4 Skilled 0 6,9 Samurai Superior Protected Melee Expert Dismountable Powerbow 8 Replace mounted samurai Skilled Superior Protected Melee Expert with foot Powerbow Any Fleet of Foot, 0 Ashigaru with naginata Average Unprotected Melee Expert 16 Upgrade all followers in a Average Protected Melee Expert TUG Any Mixed TuG of 6 or 9, 1/3 samurai and 2/3 ashigaru Samurai with yari Ashigaru with yari Upgrade all ashigaru with yari in a TuG Archers protected by pavises Professional ashigaru Upgrade professional ashigaru Type Training and Mixed TuG of 6 or 9, 1/3 samurai and 2/3 ashigaru Formed Flexible Formed Flexible Formed Flexible Drilled Loose Drilled Loose Quality Muromachi Samurai Protection Shooting Skill Melee Superior Protected 6 6,9 Long Spear 16 Average Unprotected 12 Long Spear 48 Average Protected Long Spear Any Average Unprotected Experienced 0 6,8 Pavise Barricades Bow 12 Average Unprotected Fleet of Foot, 0 6,8 Long Spear Barricades 24 Average Protected 6,8 Long Spear Barricades Any UG Size Version : 1 st January 2019

17 Allies Sohei Monk allies Notes Changes from last version Muromachi Samurai Samurai bushi dismount as, Superior, Protected, Skilled Powerbow, Melee Expert. Historical Notes This list covers the Samurai armies from the emergence of the Yari as a simpler mass weapon through to 1500 CE. Troop Notes Through this period the traditional Samurai focus on bow and sword was in decline but the armies began to professionalise gaining better command and control. Many troops retained the Naginata as a main weapon but there was a greater emergence of professional retainers armed with Yari, or armed with Bows and often using mobile shields as protection. This is also the period where the Sashimonos appeared making the army especially colourful to deploy : Fleet of Foot characteristic added to replace special rule : Revised Fleet of Foot. Dropped mixed TuGs of 8. Reduced separate mounted bushi. Version : 1 st January 2019

18 Army Commander 1 Any Instinctive Dates 1428 CE to 1441 CE SubGenerals 03 Any Instinctive Terrain Coastal, Mountains Internal Allied Generals Camp Unfortified; Poor Name Characteristics Min Mandatory Optional Max Mounted jisamurai Skilled 0 4,6 Superior Protected Melee Expert Dismountable Powerbow 8 Unskilled Devastating 0 6,8,9 Rebels with jisamurai Average Protected Chargers, Melee Bow Expert 24 Devastating 12 6,8,9 Best equipped peasants Poor Protected Chargers, Melee Expert 24 Angry peasant mob Devastating 36 8,9,10 Poor Unprotected Chargers 108 Warrior monk contingent (only in 1441 CE) Warrior monk shrine Experienced Melee Expert, 4 4,6 Superior Protected protectors Bow Fanatic 6 Devastating 6 6,8,9 Warrior monks Poor Unprotected Chargers, Melee Fleet of Foot Expert ,8,9 Warrior monk followers Poor Unprotected Melee Expert 16 Allies Sohei Monk allies Type Training and Muromachi Peasant Uprising Quality Protection Shooting Skill Melee UG Size Version : 1 st December 2018

19 Notes Muromachi Peasant Uprising Jisamurai dismount as, Superior, Protected, Skilled Powerbow, Melee Expert. The army can have a warrior monk contingent under a subgeneral or Sohei monk allies but not both. Any monk contingent must be under its own general. A monk subgeneral contingent can include peasants. A monk commander should be represented by a shrine carried on a cart of some form and must stay with the shrine protectors at all times. SPECIAL RULE: The monk commander can only be killed if all shrine protectors are killed, in which case he is automatically killed. Any skull result on a KAB test is treated as a wound. This rule must be notified to your opponent when they are deployed. Historical Notes This list covers the peasant revolts during the Muromachi period. The first was the Shocho uprising in 1428 CE. The list also covers the Kakitsu peasant rebellion of 1441 as one of the larger peasant revolts. This one ultimately led to major debt cancellations for the peasantry and damaged the credibility of the shogun materially. It was led by jisamurai along with Bhuddist monk sympathisers. The rebellion came to a peaceful end and the forces disipated, but the list allows for the possibility of a major engagement being needed to subdue it. Troop Notes Some of the troops were bolseterd by JiSamurai and many rebels had access to some military equipment but the large part of the army was a protesting mob of angry peasants which the JiSamurai managed to keep reasonably under control after they seized control of forts and cities through force. Changes from last version Removed bow from peasants. Fleet of Foot characeristic for warrior monks. Version : 1 st December 2018

20 Army Commander 1 Any Instinctive Dates 1477 CE to 1580 CE SubGenerals 03 Any Instinctive Terrain Coastal, Mountains Internal Allied Generals Camp Unfortified or Flexible; Poor or Average Name Type Training and Quality Protection Ikko Ikki Shooting Skill Melee Characteristics Min Mandatory Optional Max Veterans with naginata Fanatic, Melee 4 4,6 Superior Protected Expert, Fanatic 12 Religious fanatics with Devastating Fanatic, Fleet of 6 4,6 Average Unprotected Chargers, Melee naginata Foot Expert 24 Devastating 18 6,8,9 Followers with naginata Poor Unprotected Chargers, Melee Fleet of Foot Expert 72 Archers Experienced Combat Shy, Fleet 0 6,8 Average Unprotected Bow of Foot 16 Peasants Devastating 0 6,8,9 Poor Unprotected Combat Shy Chargers 36 Teppo (from 1546 CE) Experienced 0 4,6 Average Unprotected Firearm 18 Allies Sohei Monk allies Notes A command can only have one TuG of veterans. Historical Notes This lists covers the peasant leagues that developed into the Ikko Ikki during the SengokuJidai wars starting in 1477 CE. This was an era of civil war with dozens of feudal barons at war with each other. In this political atmosphere the Ikko Ikki flourished and grew into a sizeable, if of questionable quality, military force. They did at times ally with the Sohei monk of Mount Hiei. In 1534 they marched on Kyoto and burned over 20 temples. Oba Nobunaga had an almost fanantical determination to destroy the Ikko Ikki, even while occupied by his battles with the Asagawa and Takeda clans. He defeated them at the Battle of Nagashina in 1584 and drove them back to their capital. The final stage of the Ikko Ikki saga was the siege of Ishiyama HonganJi started in 1575 and they finally surrendered to Oba Nobunaga in UG Size Version : 1 st December 2018

21 Ikko Ikki Changes from last version Added Fleet of Foot characteristic. Version : 1 st December 2018

22 Army Commander 1 Any Instinctive Dates 1500 CE to 1585 CE SubGenerals 02 Any Instinctive Terrain Coastal, Mountains Internal Allied Generals 13 Any Instinctive (up to 1 Muramaki clan ally) Camp Unfortified or Flexible; Poor or Average Name Characteristics Min Mandatory Optional Max Skilled 0 4,6 Mounted samurai bushi Superior Protected Short Spear Melee Expert Dismountable Powerbow 8 Skilled 0 4,6 Samurai on foot Superior Protected Melee Expert Powerbow 6 6 6,8 Bushi and ashigaru with yari Superior Protected Long Spear Barricades Formed Flexible 12 Permanently retained 12 6,8 Average Protected Long Spear Barricades ashigaru Drilled Flexible 60 Experienced 0 6,8 Ashigaru archers Average Protected Barricades Bow 18 Experienced 0 6,8 Teppo (from 1546 CE) Average Protected Barricades Firearm 8 Muramaki Clan allies Mixed TuG of 6 or 9, 1/3 samurai and 2/3 followers; or TuG of 6, 1/2 samurai and 1/2 followers see Special Rule. Samurai bushi Followers with naginata Upgrade all followers in a TuG with domaru armour Type Training and Quality Sengoku Japanese Protection Shooting Skill Melee UG Size Superior Protected Skilled 6 6, 9 Melee Expert Powerbow 12 Average Unprotected Fleet of Foot, 6 Melee Expert 24 Average Protected Melee Expert Any Version : 1 st January 2019

23 Sengoku Japanese Allies Nobunaga Japanese allies (only from 1540 to 1582 CE) Takeda Japanese allies (only from 1560 to 1575 CE) Notes Samurai bushi dismount as, Superior, Protected, Skilled Powerbow, Melee Expert. Muramaki clan allies must be commanded by an ally general and contain only Muramaki troops. SPECIAL RULE: Muramaki charging or being charged replace Powerbow with Firearms (note they can use Shoot and Charge characteristic in this situation only). This must be notified to your opponent when they are deployed. Historical Notes This list covers the general armies of the Sengoku period. It excludes the armies of Oba Nobunaga and Takeda. During this period there were as many as 20 clans vying for the Shogunate as well as major rebellions by the IkkoIkki. The Murakami Clan was a clan of mercenary pirates who made their living charging tolls on the inland see and fought for anyone who was prepared to pay them. They were famed for their archery skills and made extensive use of grenade bombs with gunpowder within ceramic and paper coatings. The grenade was based on the tetsuhau Mongol design. Their forces were too small to be considered an entire army so we treat them as a plausible ally for all clans in the later period. Troop Notes The armies became more organised. Ahsigaru were often equipped with similar armour to the samurai. By now the bow was beginning to decline in use and firearms (teppo) were starting to be imported from Portugal. Changes from last version : Added Muramaki allies : Muramaki Samurai on foot. Version : 1 st January 2019

24 Army Commander 1 Any Professional Dates 1540 CE to 1582 CE SubGenerals 02 Any Terrain Coastal, Mountains Internal Allied Generals 13 Any Instinctive (up to 1 Muramaki clan ally) Camp Unfortified or Flexible; Poor or Average Name Characteristics Min Mandatory Optional Max Skilled 0 4,6 Mounted samurai bushi Superior Protected Short Spear Melee Expert Dismountable Powerbow ,8 Bushi and ashigaru with yari Superior Protected Long Spear Barricades Formed Flexible 18 Permanently retained 12 6,8 Average Protected Long Spear Barricades ashigaru Drilled Flexible 60 Experienced 0 6,8 Ashigaru archers Average Protected Barricades Drilled Loose Bow 12 Experienced 8 6,8 Teppo (from 1546 CE) Average Protected Barricades Drilled Loose Firearm 32 Muramaki Clan allies Mixed TuG of 6 or 9, 1/3 samurai and 2/3 followers; or TuG of 6, 1/2 samurai and 1/2 followers see Special Rule. Samurai bushi Followers with naginata Upgrade all followers in a TuG with domaru armour Allies Type Training and Imagawa or Kira Sengoku Japanese allies Takeda Japanese allies (only from 1560 to 1575 CE) Quality Nobunaga Japanese Protection Shooting Skill Melee UG Size Superior Protected Skilled 6 6, 9 Melee Expert Powerbow 12 Average Unprotected Fleet of Foot, 6 Melee Expert 24 Average Protected Melee Expert Any Version : 1 st January 2019

25 Notes Historical Notes Nobunaga Japanese Samurai bushi dismount as, Superior, Protected, Skilled Powerbow, Melee Expert. An internal ally command cannot have more than one TuG of teppo. Muramaki clan allies must be commanded by an ally general and contain only Muramaki troops. SPECIAL RULE: Muramaki charging or being charged replace Powerbow with Firearms (note they can use Shoot and Charge characteristic in this situation only). This must be notified to your opponent when they are deployed. This lists covers the armies of Oba Nobunaga who drilled his armies ferociously and was the first general to take a liking to using the newly imported firearms enmasse. He has a hatred of the Ikko Ikki and their monk allies and was repsonsible for finally putting down their rebellions in 1580 CE. Troop Notes Armies at this time were usually made up of shortlived alliances between clans such as the Kira, Takeda and Imagawa clans hence the need for at least one internal ally. The army made great us of barricades, most famously at the Battle of Nagahino in 1575 where the teppoarmed ashigaru stopped the charge of the Takeda lancers. Changes from last version : Added Muramaki allies : Muramaki Samurai on foot. Version : 1 st January 2019

26 Army Commander 1 Any Instinctive Dates 1560 CE to 1575 CE SubGenerals 02 Any Instinctive Terrain Coastal, Mountains Internal Allied Generals 13 Any Instinctive (up to 1 Muramaki clan ally) Camp Unfortified or Flexible; Poor or Average Name Characteristics Min Mandatory Optional Max Charging 0 4,6 Mounted bushi Superior Protected Melee Expert Lancer ,8 Bushi and ashigaru with yari Superior Protected Long Spear Barricades Formed Flexible 12 Permanently retained 12 6,8 Average Protected Long Spear Barricades ashigaru Drilled Flexible 60 Experienced 0 6,8 Ashigaru archers Average Protected Barricades Bow 18 Experienced 0 4,6 Teppo Average Protected Barricades Firearm 6 Muramaki Clan allies Mixed TuG of 6 or 9, 1/3 samurai and 2/3 followers; or TuG of 6, 1/2 samurai and 1/2 followers see Special Rule. Samurai bushi Followers with naginata Upgrade all followers in a TuG with domaru armour Allies Asura or Asai Sengoku Japanese allies Nobunaga Japanese allies Type Training and Quality Takeda Japanese Protection Shooting Skill Melee UG Size Superior Protected Skilled 6 6, 9 Melee Expert Powerbow 12 Average Unprotected Fleet of Foot, 6 Melee Expert 24 Average Protected Melee Expert Any Version : 1 st January 2019

27 Notes Historical Notes Takeda Japanese Samurai bushi dismount as, Superior, Protected, Skilled Powerbow, Melee Expert. Muramaki clan allies must be commanded by an ally general and contain only Muramaki troops. SPECIAL RULE: Muramaki charging or being charged replace Powerbow with Firearms (note they can use Shoot and Charge characteristic in this situation only). This must be notified to your opponent when they are deployed. This list covers the armies of the Takeda clan which came from the northern areas of Japan. Since early times of the Emishi this area had been the centre of Japanese horse culture and the Takeda took this furthest by being the only clan to really master the couched lance cavalry charge. They famously broke the army of Tokugawa Ieyasu at the Battle of Mikatagahara in 1572 CE but were later crushed by Oba Nobunaga at the battle of Nashino in Troop Notes Lance and spears were made of layers of bamboo and 5m in length. Changes from last version : Added Muramaki allies : Muramaki Samurai on foot. Version : 1 st January 2019