2015 JUNIOR UNSOUNDNESS & LAMENESS

Transcription

1 2015 JUNIOR UNSOUNDNESS & LAMENESS EASY 6596 (easy) HIH455-6 Q: When is lameness due to osselets most pronounced? A: During exercise 6597 (easy) HIH455-7 Q: Name 2 things you can do to treat a splint? A: Ice packs/cold hosing, anti-inflammatory drug/bute, support wraps, rest 6598 (easy) TH164 Q: What unsoundness is most noticeable when backing the horse? A: Stringhalt 6599 (easy) HIH Q: What is a cataract? A: Cloudy or opaque appearance of the eye (more specifically the lens of the eye) (accept general or specific) 6600 (easy) HH13/TH164 Q: What is the most common blemish of the hind limbs? A: Capped hock 6601 (easy) HIH540-4 Q: What condition in horses can be compared to a severe blood blister under your fingernail? A: Laminitis or founder 6602 (easy) ADV335-3L Q: Cataracts are a condition where a cloudiness or opacity forms in what structure in the horse s eye? A: Lens 6603 (easy) HS13/TH163 Q: Where is a sweeney usually found? A: Shoulder or hip 6604 (easy) HIH540-1 Q: A horse with no blemishes or unsoundnesses on the legs is said to have what? A: Clean legs 6605 (easy) HIH540-1 Q: Founder causes lameness & if left untreated, may result in what? A: Loss of use of the horse, dropped sole, or death (only need to give one) 6606 (easy) HIH455-6 Q: What age category of horses is prone to splints? A: Young

2 6607 (easy) HIH455-6 Q: Which type of ringbone is more common, high or low? A: High 6608 (easy) HIH Q: 2 part question: What is parrot mouth & is it classified as an unsoundness or blemish? A: Upper jaw is longer than lower jaw. It's an unsoundness (easy) HIH230-1 Q: Why is soundness in the horse of extreme importance? A: Unsoundness affects his usefulness (if he s not sound, you can t use him) 6610 (easy) HIH540-4,640-1 Q: Give 2 causes of founder. A: Overfeeding grain, sudden change in feed or feed ration, overeating lush grass in spring, concussion, infections, allergies, poison, drug allergies, colic, retained placenta, exhaustion, contact with black walnut shavings, excessive cold water, enterotoxemia, sudden weather changes (accept any correct answer) 6611 (easy) HIH Q: Is a cataract an unsoundness or a blemish? A: Unsoundness 6612 (easy) HIH795-2 Q: Name 2 ways of preventing laminitis due to grass founder. A: Keep horses off of lush, fast-growing pastures, don t let horse graze on spring pasture when it has been sunny & then has gotten cold, turn horses out to pasture in the early morning when sugar levels are low, let horses fill up on hay before getting turned out, use grazing muzzles, don't allow on pasture at all 6613 (easy) HIH540-5 Q: Horses with small feet for their body size are predisposed to what? A: Navicular disease 6614 (medium) HIH540-4 Q: Describe what happens to a horse's hoof when severe founder occurs. A: Coffin bone rotates (additional info -- If not stabilized, it may penetrate the sole) 6615 (easy) HIH220-4 Q: What is the term for a mark or deformity that diminishes the beauty but not the usefulness of the horse? A: Blemish 6616 (easy) HIH455-1 Q: What do you call any irregularity in gait that results from moving with pain or difficulty? A: Lameness 6617 (easy) HIH640-1 Q: Give an example of a blemish. A: Scar, rope burn, (accept any reasonable answer)

3 6618 (easy) HIH640-1 Q: What is another name for laminitis? A: Founder 6619 (easy) HIH Q: Name the unsoundness described as the lower jaw being shorter than the upper jaw. A: Parrot mouth 6620 (easy) TH166/HH9 Q: What do you call the downward rotation of the coffin bone due to chronic founder or laminitis? A: Dropped sole 6621 (easy) HIH455-1 Q: Most lamenesses can be detected at what gait? A: Trot 6622 (easy) HIH220-4 Q: Explain unsoundness in a horse. A: An abnormality that interferes with the usefulness of the horse 6623 (easy) HIH1060-5/TH93 Q: Name 2 congenital defects of the jaw. A: Parrot mouth (overshot jaw/overbite) & monkey mouth (undershot jaw/underbite, sow mouth) 6624 (easy) HS12 Q: What does it mean when we say a horse is "sound"? A: No injuries, diseases, or unsoundnesses (only need to give one) 6625 (easy) HIH Q: Which condition causes clouding of the eye lens & may result in blindness? A: Cataract 6626 (easy) HS13 Q: If a horse is lame on a front foot, describe the way he would walk. A: Head bobs when the lame foot strikes the ground 6627 (easy) HIH230-1 Q: Define blemish. A: Any mark or deformity that diminishes the beauty, but not the usefulness of a horse 6628 (easy) HIH540-2/TH164 Q: Describe the blemish known as a quarter or sand crack. A: Crack in the hoof wall 6629 (easy) HIH640-1 Q: What is another name for founder? A: Laminitis

4 6630 (easy) HIH455-7/TH159 Q: Are most splints found on the inside or outside of the cannon? A: Inside 6631 (easy) HS13/TH159 Q: What is one of the most common defects of the front legs? A: Splint 6632 (easy) HIH455-7 Q: What is the main treatment for a bowed tendon? A: Rest 6633 (easy) HS12 Q: What common term refers to a horse that's free from injuries & flaws? A: Sound 6634 (easy) HH9/TH166 Q: What is dropped sole? A: Downward rotation of the coffin bone due to founder or laminitis 6635 (easy) HS13/TH164 Q: Define stringhalt. A: Excessive jerking of the hind legs 6636 (easy) HIH230-4 Q: What is a bony growth on either or both sides of the pastern? A: Ringbone 6637 (easy) HIH230-1 Q: Referring to horses, concussion of the feet is the primary cause of what? A: Lameness 6638 (easy) HIH540-3/HS50/TH162 Q: What is navicular disease? A: Inflammation of the navicular bone OR pain in area of navicular bone 6639 (easy) HS13/TH163 Q: Where would you find a shoe boil? A: On horse's elbow 6640 (easy) HIH230-4 Q: Name the unsoundness described as a hard swelling below the point of hock. A: Curb 6641 (easy) HIH465-4 Q: Name a cause of cataracts in the horse. A: May be inherited, may develop after inflammation of the eye

5 6642 (easy) HIH540-3 Q: Explain the phrase "go short". A: To take short steps indicative of lameness 6643 (easy) HIH455-2 Q: What term is used when, as a sign of lameness, the horse stands with one front foot extended more than normal? A: Pointing 6644 (easy) HS13 Q: How may the exact location of lameness be found? A: Compare sore leg to the opposite leg, look or feel for swelling, feel for tenderness, use hoof testers (only need to give one) 6645 (easy) HS13/TH164 Q: Name the unsoundness described as a nervous disorder characterized by excessive jerking of the hind leg. A: Stringhalt 6646 (easy) HIH230-1 Q: Describe the unsoundness known as ringbone. A: Bony growth on one or both sides of the pastern 6647 (easy) HIH455-1 Q: Define lameness. A: Any irregularity of gait resulting from moving with pain or difficulty 6648 (easy) H5-35 Q: What are soft, puffy, fluid-filled swellings around a joint, usually fetlock or pastern? A: Windpuffs 6649 (easy) HS13/TH163 Q: Atrophy of the shoulder muscle due to nerve paralysis is called what? A: Sweeney OR shoulder Sweeney (accept either) 6650 (easy) HS13/TH164 Q: What is the main cause of hind leg unsoundness? A: Sprain, strains, or twists 6651 (easy) TH145/HIH455-1 Q: Where does the most unsoundness from concussion & trauma occur in the horse? A: Front legs 6652 (easy) HIH230-4 Q: Name one joint that ringbone affects. A: Pastern & coffin (accept either) 6653 (easy) HIH455-1 Q: Name the condition simply defined as an inflammation of the laminae of the foot. A: Laminitis or founder

6 6654 (easy) HIH455-1 Q: What specific type of ringbone is located at the coffin joint? A: Low 6655 (easy) HS12 Q: If a horse is said to be "favoring" a foot, what is he doing? A: Limping slightly 6656 (easy) HS13/TH164 Q: What is an enlargement on the point of hock called? A: Capped hock 6657 (easy) HIH230-1 Q: What is the cause of most leg injuries? A: Trauma JUNIOR BONUS 6792 (junior bonus) HS13/HIH455/TH Q: Name 3 unsoundnesses of the head. A: Cataract, defective eye, poll evil, parrot mouth, monkey mouth 6793 (junior bonus) HIH540-5/TH Q: Name 3 ways to avoid having a horse with navicular disease. A: Select horse with larger feet, select horse with appropriate shoulder & pastern angles, select horse that is not built downhill, trim/shoe to keep toes short & heels elevated, gradually condition horse for preferred work, work with caution on hard surfaces 6794 (junior bonus) HIH455/TH Q: Name 3 unsoundnesses of the hind leg. A: Hipdown, stifled, stringhalt, curb, thoroughpin, bog spavin, bone or jack spavin, blind or occult spavin Blood spavin 6795 (junior bonus) HIH230-4,455 Q: Name 3 unsoundnesses of the front legs. A: Buck knees, calf knees, splint, windpuff, bowed tendon, sidebone, bucked shin, ringbone, osselets, sesamoiditis, popped knee, navicular 6796 (junior bonus) HIH540-4 Q: Name 3 symptoms of laminitis or founder. A: Lameness (usually in front feet); warm feet, feet sensitive to touch; stiffness; settling back on hind legs to get weight off front feet (sitting dog stance); pain on standing; pounding pulse at back of pasterns

7 6797 (junior bonus) HIH795-2 Q: Name 3 ways of preventing laminitis due to fructan consumption (grass founder). A: Keep horses off of lush, fast-growing pastures, don t let horse graze on spring pasture when it has been sunny & then has gotten cold, turn horses out to pasture in the early morning when sugar levels are low, let horses fill up on hay before getting turned out, use grazing muzzles, don't allow on pasture at all 6798 (junior bonus) HIH455-7 Q: What are 3 things included in the treatment for both splints & bowed tendons? A: Cold hosing/ice packs, anti-inflammatory drugs/bute, support bandages, rest 6799 (junior bonus) HIH455-1 Q: Name 3 causes (not examples) of lameness. A: Injury, congenital/developmental abnormality, conformation flaws, infections, metabolic disturbances/founder/laminitis, circulatory disorder, nervous disorder, combination 6800 (junior bonus) TH168 Q: Name 3 unsoundnesses that do NOT result in lameness. A: Blindness, cataracts, fistulous withers, heaves, hernia, infertility, monkey mouth/undershot jaw, parrot mouth/overshot jaw, poll evil, roaring, tipped vulva 6801 (junior bonus) HIH540-4 Q: What are 3 possible causes of laminitis? A: Colic, endotoxemia, grain overload, feeding changes, excessive concussion to feet, sudden weather changes, infections, poisons, drug abuse, allergies, excessive lush grass intake (accept any correct answer)