Y ijklmno = μ + P i + S j + A k + G l + W m + R n + e ijklmno σ 2 e Y ijklmno. h 2 2 S

Transcription

1 () Dong Van Vleck SAS

2 5 Duncan Multiple Range Test Least squares method N (, σ e) Y ijklmno = μ + P i + S j + A k + G l + W m + R n + e ijklmno σ e l m j 7,,3,,1 I k n Y ijklmno o i μ P I h = S / P rp rg h S P Maximum Likelihood Method 3 1 J K L M n S j A k G l W m R n E ijklmno

3 Moeinil Sanjabi (6) Eicker Garcia Mishra 5 Queiroz Tawah Morales 7

4 ab a bc a b a ab b ab ab b bc 391 ab b c b b c b b b b 1975 c c ab a 376 b a a d bcd 1779 cd cd ab abc ab a ab a 1985 a c ab 661 bc b b ab b 5611 c 6595 b 661 a e d ab bc 5111 bc bc 767 a ab 5595 bc 568 cd a 5536 a ab ab a

5 5 1 6 ** ** *133 3 ** ** ** ** * ** ** Magid Shin 1 Heat stress Badinga 1 Fonseca 5 Singh Singh Reddy Tanej Niliravi 1 Manchisi Brown 7 Cue Maarof

6 Dong Van Vleck Short 5 7 Tahir Maarof 5 1 Batra Hermas Berger h 1 rg rp

7 5 days open and days to first breeding in New York Holstein cows J Dairy Sci 79: Fonseca, F A, J H Britt, B T McDaniel, J C Wilk and A H Rakes (1983) Reproductive traits of Holsteins and Jerseys Effect of age, milk yield, and clinical abnormalities of involution of cervix and uterus, ovulation, estrous cycles, detection of estrus, conception rate and days open J Dairy Sci 66: Garicia, M, W Muanaca, L Echevarria (199) Reproductive performance of purebred and crossbred Zebu cattle under artificial insemination in the Amazon tropics Anim Prod, 5: Hermas, SA, CW Young and JW Rust (1987) Genetic relationships and additive genetic variation of productive and reproductive traits in Guernsy dairy cattle J Dairy Sci, 7 : Juma, KH, LM Al-Ani and ST Rashed (1988) Factors affecting number of services per conception in purebred Friesian crosses with native Iraqi cattle Indian J Anim Sci, 58 : Lindhe, B and J Philipsson () The Scandinavian experience of including reproductive traits in breeding programmes, in "Fertility in the high producing cow" British Society of Animal Science, Occasional Meeting, Galway, Ireland - Maarof, N N, S A Magid, K N Tahir and R A Mahmoud (1987) Studies on the performance of Friesian cattle in Iraq IV Birth weight and gestation period J Agric Water Reso Res 6: Maarof, N N and R A Mahmoud (199) Genetic and environmental influences on birth weight ) ) 8- Badinga, l, R J Collier, WW Thatcher and CJ Wilcox (1985) Effect of climate and management factors on conception rate of dairy cattle in subtropical environment J Dairy Sci 68: Batra, TR, AJ Lee and AJ Mcallister (1986) Relationship of reproduction traits, body weight and milk yield in dairy cattle Can J Anim Sci, 66 : Berger, PJ, RD Shanks, AE Freeman and RC Laben (1981) Genetic aspects of milk yield and reproductive performance J Dairy Sci, 6 : Cue, R I (199) Genetic parameters for calving ease in Ayrshires Can J Anim Sci 7: Duncan, D B (1955) Multiple range and multiple F test Biometrics, 11: Dong, MC and LD Van Vleck (1989) Correlation among first and second lactation milk yield and calving interval J Dairy Sci, 7 : Eicker, S W, Y T Grohn and J A Hertl (1996) The association between cumulative milk yield, 5 7 1

8 5 9- Reddy, C E and V K Taneja(198) A note on factors influencing the first lactation traits of Niliravi buffaloes Indian J Dairy Sci 37: SAS,(1)SAS/STAT Guide for personal computers Release 6-1 SAS Institute Inc,Cary, N C, USA 31- Schaeffer, LR (1976) Maximum likelihood estimation of variance components in dairy cattle breeding research J Dairy Sci, 59 : Shin,W J, D H Baik, K B Ywr and Y H Kim (1986) A study on birth weight and gestation length in cattle Korean J Anim Sci 8:69-63 (Anim Breed Abstr 55:553) 33- Short, TH, RW J Blake, RL Quaas and LD Van Vleck (199) Heterogenous within Herd variance -Genetic relationships between milk yield and calving interval in Grade Holstein cows J Dairy Sci, 73 : Singh, B and D Singh (1989) Factors affecting conception in cows through artificial insemination under field conditions Indian J Dairy Sci : Tahir, KN and NN Maarof (1988) Studies on the performance of Friesian cattle in Iraq III- Service period and calving interval Zanco, 6 : Tawah,C L, D A Mabah, O Mcssine and M B Enoh (1998) Effect of genotype and environment on milk production and reproduction of improved genotypes from the tropical Highlands of Cameroon 6 th World Congress on genetics applied to livestock production 1-16, Jan Armidle NSW Australia 5:5-8 and gestation period of Sharabi cattle Iraqi J Agric Sci, 1: Maarof, N N and S A Rasheed (1989) Birth weight and gestation period in Simmental, Holstein and Friesian cattle in Iraq Iraqi J Agric Sci,: Magid, S A, S H AL-Kaisi, W I Abid and B T Haboobi(1989) Interrelationship between milk production some reproductive traits of Friesian cattle in Iraq Proc 5 th Sci Conf SRC Iraq, Baghdad, 7-11 Oct, Vol 1 part 7 - Manchisi, A, G Maiorano, M Gambacotra and F Plantamura (1997) Pregnancy duration and birth circadian rhytm in Brown breed cows reared in Apulia Archivio Veterinario Italiano 8: Mishra, A K, O P Sharma and R B Prasad (1989) Peak yield affecting economic traits of first lactation in Jersey X Sahiwal half breds Indian J Anim Sci 59: Moeinil, M M and M R Sanjabi () Calving interval as a management goal to improve profitability of Holstein dairy herds Untitled Document Microsoft Internet Explorer Page Morales, T H, C J Agilar and C J A Hinojosa(1989) Reproductive performance in a herd of Holstein- Friesian in chontaplam Tabasco - Gestation period and calving interval Vet Mexico, 1: 7-79(Anim Breed Abstr 5:71) 8- Queiroz, S A (1991) Genetic and environmental factors affecting the lactation curve components of Holstein cattle Arquiro Blasileiro-de- Medicine-Veterinaria-e-Zootechnia, 3 ():

9 5 Some of genetic and environmental factors affecting on some reproductive characters in Friesian cows in Iraq G A Avadesian WY Lateef Coll of Agri Univ of Baghdad Ministry of Agriculture Abstract A total of 59 reproductive records representing to 68 Friesian cows at Al-ISHAKI station were collected from the period 199 to Data were statistically analyzed using Least-Square Method to investigate the effect of parity, season and year of calving, age at first calving and sex of birth on calving interval ( CI ), gestation period (GP) and conception rate (CR)The overall mean SE for CI, GP and CR were 1 137, days and % respectively While heritability estimates for three traits were 1, 13 and 9 respectively Parity and year of calving have a highly significant effect on CI and sex of birth and year of calving had a significant effect ( p< 1) on the GP and male calves were study longer period than female in their mothers uterus which was 13 days A highly significant positive genetic correlation were recorded between CI and GP (7), and a highly negative one were recorded with CR (- 67) This show clearly that improvement of environmental conditions will help us improving CR and bringing to the natural range the CI 15