Equine Production. Breeds. Pleasure. Appaloosa. Appaloosa. Dr. Terry A. Gipson. AS 1124 Introduction to Animal Science 1

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1 Equine Production Information on Horses complied from these sites: htttp:// Breeds Pleasure Pleasure Draft Appaloosa Arabian Buckskin Hanoverian Morgan Paint Palomino Quarter Horse Saddlebred Standardbred Thoroughbred Walking Horse Appaloosa Appaloosa Developed by the Nez Perce Indians of Paloosa Valley, Idaho six basic patterns of spots, white sclera around eye short coupled Introduction to Animal Science 1

2 Arabian Arabian Originated in Arabia Bay, chestnut, black, brown in color Strong back Graceful Small muzzle Buckskin Hanoverian Originated in Spain Buckskin, dun, or grulla in color Good genetics Hardier Strong legs Sometimes stubborn Originated in Germany Is most all solid colors Good temperament Rideability Stamina is good Hanoverian Morgan Originated in the United States Bay, chestnut, black, or brown in color Deep muscling Intelligent Strong Small Introduction to Animal Science 2

3 Morgan Paint Originated in the United States Tobiano or overo in color Hardy Intelligent Versatile Stockier than other light breeds Paint Palomino Originated in Spain Grey, black, brown, or motley skin without underlying pink skin or spots Stocker horses Fine bloodlines Hard to gain breed registration Palomino Quarter Horse Originated in the United States All colors except paint Versatile Athletic Introduction to Animal Science 3

4 Quarter Horse Saddlebred Originated in the United States Bay, chestnut, black, brown in color Versatile Show horses Saddlebred Standardbred Originated in the United States from English stock Bay, chestnut, black, brown, roan, or grey in color Fastest harness horse in the world Dependable Athletic Standardbred Thoroughbred Originated in England Bay, chestnut, black, brown, grey, or roan in color Great race horses Powerful muscling Arrogant Introduction to Animal Science 4

5 Thoroughbred Walking Horse Originated in United States All colors Known for their gaits Gentle Intelligent Walking Horse Draft Belgian Clydesdale Belgian Belgian Originated in Belgium Chestnut or usually roan in color Heavy pulling Lack of other use options Introduction to Animal Science 5

6 Clydesdale Clydesdale Originated in Scotland Bay, black, brown, or roan in color Heavy pulling Intelligent Must have action Horse Coat Colors Bay Bay Black Blue Roan Brown Buckskin Chestnut Dun Gray Grullo Palomino Paint Red Dun Red Roan Body ranging from tan to red to reddish brown; the mane and tail are black and the legs are usually black. Bay Black Body color true black without light areas; the mane and tail are black Introduction to Animal Science 6

7 Black Blue Roan More or less a uniform mixture of white with black hairs on the body, but usually darker on head and lower legs; can have a few red hairs in mixture Blue Roan Brown Body color is brown or black with light areas at the muzzle, eyes, flank and inside legs; mane and tail are black Brown Buckskin Body color is yellowish or gold; mane and tail black; usually black on lower legs. Buckskins usually do not have dorsal stripes. Introduction to Animal Science 7

8 Buckskin Chestnut Body color dark red or brownish-red; mane and tail usually dark red or brownish-red, but may be flaxen Chestnut Dun Body color yellowish or gold; mane and tail may be black, brown, red, yellow, white, or mixed; usually has dorsal stripe, zebra stripes on legs and transverse stripes over withers Dun Gray Mixture of white with any colored hairs, often born solid colored or almost solid colored and get lighter with age or more white hairs appear Introduction to Animal Science 8

9 Gray Grullo Body color smoky or mouse-colored (not a mixture of black and white hairs, but each hair is mouse colored), mane and tail are black; usually black on lower legs. Usually has dorsal stripe. Grullo Paint The two most common paint color patterns are tobiano and overo. The tobiano horse will usually have head markings like a solid colored horse; legs may be white and body markings are often regular and distinct, being oval or round patterns. The overo horse will often have a bald face, at least one dark colored leg and body markings that are usually irregular, scattered, or splashy white (these markings that do not cross the back between the withers and the tail) Paint Palomino Body color golden yellow; mane and tail white. Palominos do not have a dorsal stripe. Introduction to Animal Science 9

10 Palomino Red Dun A form of Dun with body color yellowish or beige; mane, tail and dorsal stripe are red. Red Dun Red Roan More a less a uniform mixture of white with red hairs on the body; but usually darker on head and lower legs; can have red, black or flaxen mane and/or tail. Red Roan Head Color Patterns A. Star - A solid white mark on forehead. B. Stripe - A white mark starting at eye level or below and ending on or above upper lip. C. Snip - A white or beige mark over the muzzle between the nostrils D. Blaze - A wide patch of white extending down the face and covering the full width of the nasal bones. E. Bald Face - A wide white marking which extends beyond both eyes and nostrils. Introduction to Animal Science 10

11 Feet & Leg Color Patterns Gaits A. Heel B. Coronet C. Half-Pastern D. Pastern E. Ankle F. Partial-Half Stocking G. Stocking Natural gaits 1. Walk 2. Trot 3. Canter 4. Gallop Learned gait 1. Pace Walk Walk The walk is described as being four-time, this is because each stride taken by the horse or pony has four beats. The sequence of foot falls would be as follows: Near Hind Near Fore Off Hind Off Fore Trot Trot The trot is described as being two-time, this is because each stride taken by the horse or pony has two beats. The sequence of foot falls would be as follows: Near Hind and Off Fore Off Hind and Near Fore Introduction to Animal Science 11

12 Canter Canter The canter is described as being three-time, this is because each stride taken by the horse or pony has three beats. Assuming the horse or pony starts the stride with their near leg leading the sequence of foot falls would be as follows: Near Hind Off Hind and Near Fore Off Fore Or Assuming the horse or pony starts the stride with their off leg leading the sequence of foot falls would be as follows: Off Hind Near Hind and Off Fore Near Fore Gallop Gallop The gallop is described as being fourtime, this is because each stride taken by the horse or pony has four beats. Assuming the horse or pony starts the stride with their right leg leading the sequence of foot falls would be as follows: Left Hind Right Hind Left Fore Right Fore Or Assuming the horse or pony starts the stride with their left leg leading the sequence of foot falls would be as follows: Right Hind Left Hind Right Fore Left Fore Pace In the trot, two diagonally opposite legs move together; in the pace, the two legs on the same side of the horse move together. The trot is more common, but some breeds of horses prefer to pace. Introduction to Animal Science 12