South Shore Equine Clinic and Diagnostic Center

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1 South Shore Equine Clinic and Diagnostic Center Mark T. Reilly, D.V.M. Linda J. Cimetti, D.V.M.

2 COLIC: The #1 killer of horses

3 COLIC What is colic? Common signs What to do when Conditions causing colic Management of colic Tips for Prevention

4 COLIC Definition: generalized abdominal discomfort Who can colic? Why do we care? Number one killer of horses

5

6 CLINICAL SIGNS: Lying down Lateral Sternal Flank watching Pawing Kicking and/or biting at abdomen

7 CLINICAL SIGNS: Posturing to urinate without doing so Anorexia Rolling Increased respiration

8 CLINICAL SIGNS: Depression Playing in water bucket Flehmen response (lip curl) Bruxism (grinding teeth) Decreased manure production Changes in consistency

9 What you can do How severe are the signs Physical exam: Heart rate Temperature Respiratory rate Gastrointestinal sounds Mucus membranes

10 What can you do Call veterinarian prior to administering medication Walk and/or longe Prevent rolling Maintain safety Remove food Leave water Unless feed material is coming from nose

11 Veterinary Responsibility: History Manure production Medications Last normal Changes in diet / water availability Changes in turnout Toxin ingestion Physical exam Safety

12 Veterinary Responsibility: Sedation (+/-) Analgesics (banamine) Palpation per rectum

13 Diagnostics Nasogastric intubation Gastric reflux: proximal obstruction Fluid administration: water, electrolytes, mineral oil, epsom salts Abdominal ultrasound Abdominocentesis ( belly tap )

14 Common Causes of Colic Gas Impaction Parasites Gastric Ulcers Ingestion of plants Obstruction Displacement Inflammatory

15 Causes of Colic: Gas Cribbing/wind sucking Diet change Weather change No apparent reason VERY PAINFUL

16 Causes of Colic: Impaction Dehydration Cold weather Fever Sweating Decreased gut motility ADR (ain t doin right)

17 Causes of Colic : Inflammatory Bots Tape worms Strongyles Inflammatory Parasites Strategic de-worming program Fecal exam

18 Causes of Colic : Inflammatory Gastric Ulcers 90% of horse in training have ulcers Signs range from mild to severe colic to poor performance

19 Causes of Colic: Inflammatory Non-steroidal anti-inflammatories Phenylbutazone Banamine Proximal enteritis Colitis

20 Poke Weed Causes of Colic: Toxic Plants

21 Causes of Colic: Toxic Plants Red Maple Wilted leaves Fall

22 Causes of Colic: Toxic Plants Red Maple

23 Incarceration Epiploic foramen Intussusception Mass Lipoma (fatty tumor) Intestinal lymphoma Melanoma Causes of Colic: Obstruction

24 Causes of Colic Displacement Left dorsal (nephrosplenic entrapment) Right dorsal Medical vs. surgical Varying degrees of pain Torsion Very painful Surgical lesion Time is of the essence Repeat offenders

25 Management Further treatment at farm or referral clinic Pain relief (Banamine) Sedation Fluid therapy Nasogastric IV Laxatives mineral oil Mineral oil

26 Management Exercise Trailer ride Referral Surgery

27 Prevention Establish a set daily routine Feed a high quality diet (roughage) Free choice clean water at all times Minimize concentrate portion of diet

28 Prevention Regular turn out and/ or exercise Parasite control program Make any change to the diet gradual Avoid unnecessary medications/supplements

29 Prevention Check hay, bedding, pasture and environment for potentially toxic substances Avoid feeding on the ground/sand Reduce stress Pay attention to animals being transported

30 Prevention Pay particular attention to horses with previous episodes of colic Keep accurate records Individual horses Seasonal incidents Feed change/new hay etc

31 Summary The key to minimizing colic is good management Identify the problem early and call your veterinarian immediately Treat every incidence of colic as potentially serious

32 Thank you Thanks to Val Schell Mike Fischer Please don t forget to sign in Questions?

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