. I.. I. . I.. SPECLU GLII::WC... BIOhO.GICAL '...REI!tlRTS '..._..~~~~~- -.,,-,..~ ..,

Transcription

1 - ~ ; ~~ ~ :: ~-! LBRARY~: : -_, ;,: -~-! APR t SPECLU ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ GL::WC BOhOGCAL RE!tlRTS _~~~~~- GREAT LAKES NDAN FSH AND WDDUFE COMMSSON PO aok9 ODANAH WSCOtMt ~ 75 tll2-669 t, ; ; l,, ; :: : BULK RATE, U,~~fgAGE f, \ ASHLAND, W PERMT~O~, / " ~ : 9L M NOSOtW ~33M~S 3tS 9~9 ":-CLJ,_L--u~:loloo~~sL-,~t~:::J~~~:!o,~=s! H _!:!:~~s ;, A CHRONCLE OF THE LAKE SUPEROR OJBWAY AT THE TAB_LE Happ-ness s beng back to n~gotatrgl Among represen k,& tatves at the,negotlatons for sprng spearng were, from ; the left, Hal Berndt, Ralph Chrstansen, Geoff Emerson, George Meyer, John Brasch, Dave Jacobson, and attor~ey Mke Lutz -,,-,~ On the other sde of the table are the trbal negotators, some of whom ar~ pctured above From the left are Davd Segler, GLFWC polcy analyst; Howard Bchler, St Crox trbal at torney; Tom Maulson, Lacdu Flambeau rep; Kathryn Terney, Lac du Flambeau trbal at torney; Mark Duffy, Red Clff rep; and Ken Andrews, Red Clff, rep n 985 trbal spearers harvest s mantaned s by took 2758 walleye and 86 lookng at pounds of f_sh taken musky durng tht; sprng per acre of water: On the season whch ran from Aprl average up to 2-3 pounds of 9-May 2 Lac du Flambeau walleye can be removed per spearers took 75~ of the acre Trbal members speared walleye (239 of them) and walleye n 3 lakes where spent more "nghts", spearng harvest reached or neared 5 ( 95 to 328) than Mole Lake lbs/acre Each of the three and St Crox members trbes voluntarly closed a lake Although up to 2Q walleye to contnued spearn_g Ths could be taken per nght, closure at 5 lbs/acre occurred spearers averaged! around 8 even though harvest by trbal walleye or 4 pounds nghtly spearers was stll at a safe-level One means of judgng f,and even though the number of : the resource s protected and fsh taken by hook-and-lne of ensurng that a safe level of anglers was not determned -, ~ Name of Lake ; ~ Reservaton: Lac du Flambeau l Bg Lake Bg St Germane Lak~ Flambeau A ow age North Twn Lake Squrrel U*e ~ Tomahawk-Lake : su~total Reservaton: Mole Lake Enterprse Lake : LacVeux Dese:t Metonga Lake Pelcan Lake upper _Post Lake :S~bto:at :: : : :, " SPEARNG Q STUDY SHOW NO HARM TO _ RESOURCE # tummary of Spearng H_arvest and Effort n Off~Reservaton Lakes Durng Spr~g 985~ by Nel Kmeclek, GLFWC lnl~nd Lakes Bologst Area n Number of Esmated Acres Walleye Weght of Speared Walleye :,969 : Reservaton: St Crox : :Bg Mc~enzle Lak,ej, 85, Bg Rou~dLake :, _5 Sand Lclk~ ~, 322 Yellow Lake,: <, : _: ::;_! Subt~tal < Total: \,, : o 5~2, ,_ 4 : 388, : f 765,, Lbs Per Estmated,Estmated ~umber Estmated Lbs Per Acre- Number of Number of of Musky Weght or Acre-Musky Walleye Females Males Musky os ooo 3! ]2 o _! 9 _, ~ o, 32 _ t_36_ 45~ <,, l ~ :;;J : : ]~~ ;,! :,: y : : 24, l 7 68~ oo 3() 5 24 o~o Q oo8 2 J,j~~ ~~ J :() ::~ r ; 2 --:_ 22oo, /, ts47: 8f g77~o, : Walleye Per Boat HR 6, ~ ;-: 66 \ 45 8 f~~ Number Spearers U) u Walleye Spearer : 227 Pounds Spearer 64, ~, oo: :;, :;_;, : s~, 4 5 : 9 : 55 6:5 ~~ oo :oo :! (! : :" ;, -~! \,_ -~-,

2 ,,, j l j,!, DRUM~ MUSC:NO CONfR()Ny ATONAL Negotaton~ lookng towards a sprng spearng agreement between the Wsconsn Depart- men t of Natural Resources and the Chppewa trbes wth off-reservaton huntng ard fshng _ rghts progress for two days, March 7th and 8th Talks wll be resumng onmtnch 27th when WDNR and Vogt nter-trbal Task Force representatves once agan try to formulate, an agreement satsfactory to each t wasnt so long ago that DR and Vogt nter-trbal Task Force representatves met a press conference fqjowng the 985 spearng season Despte lack of bologcal evdence of depleton, DNR surprsed the trbes by announcng another spearng seaso; would never be a~ceptable h Wsconsn L Car melo Mendez Mdwest Regonal Offce, US Commssor on Cvl Rghts; says the Comms_son wll be sponsor- ng a press conference n Wausau on Aprl- loth to ad dress the subject ofthe treaty sprng-spearng season and the problems of confrontaton whch were evdent n the 85 season

3 ~ ; : () /":, - - r () M _ t::enforceme:n:t fk! :: ~, PAGE;;;ASNAGAN t ; >E* G:RAN ~: :, : TRANNG : : _ --:l[ a : ll Law enforcement person- wth them on Jake patrol Kathryn Terney, Lac du nel ganed a broad-based Flambeau TrbalAttorney, and perspectve on enforcement The frst two days of the! Howard Bchler, St Crox ssues, such treates, treaty tranng provded pa~tdpants Trbal Attorney, provded rghts and trbal jursdcton, wth background on treates background nformaton on the ; at a four-day tranng sesson and treaty ssues Walt- varous cases Whch have af, held n Keweenaw Bay n Bresette, GLJFWC PO, talked frmed treaty rghts Cardnal February about the sgnfcance of the: also went over the mplcatons Th, treates, explanng that ofthesettlervslejmerecase e sesson was co- d h h d treates an t e ng ts reserve : from the Pacfc Northwe st; sponsored by the Keweenaw n them are not new, or Bay ndan Commu~ty ard the demonstrated trbal jurs9c- Great Lakes ndan Fsh and somethng recently grarted to ton over members -n ceded the trbes by the courts, but terrto rtes W ldl f e Commson (GLFWC) h ff h f h rat er a re-a trmatton t at Cardtnat says that the or t e beneft of both trbal enforcement and socal servces those rghts and treates re- presentatons were frutful n staff man vald today clearng up basc msconcep- Cardnal says that the tons about the treates and GLFWC Chef Warden MDNR sllggested some add- promoted: consderable Mke Carna felt the atten- tonal trbal codes be approved dalogue over such ssues as dance of many of the Mchgan whch would make the DNRs trbal jursdcton and :of( Department of Natural enforcement job easer, such reservaton Resources (MDNR) staff made as the markng of nets DNR Other aspectsof tle tran- the workshop partcularly pro spokesmen also agreed to ng sesson covered more ductve t provded an oppor- work cooperatvely wth the routne matters of enforce~ tunty for open dalogue, ques-, trbal and GLFWC wardens n ment, such as arrest techntons, and responses, between montorng the season by pass- ques, weapons use, and how to trbal and state personnel and ng along nformaton on vola- handle suspects also channeued thought tors to approprate personnel Cardnal felt the entre ses- towards more cooperatve en~ and also, by tryng to get ther san to be very frutful for all forcement of the up-comng large patrol boat nto Lake partcpants and hopes a commercal fshng season, ac- Superor for several weeks so smlar sesson can be arrangcordng to Cardnal the GLFWC wardens can work ed agan n the comng year - -_!!!!L -- F: we_ sroaol:v sasen~ Alan Ruger, left, and Davd Segler, both GLFWC staff, at one of several meetngs on a radoact~e waste r~postory ste The Great Lakes ndan EPA fe_els t s also mportant ton to determne more Fsh and Wldlfe Commsson for the actvty to be performed specfcally the areas of en- ; (GLFWC) recently recevea for smaller reservatons as vronmental protecton whch confrmaton of a $, wet warrant the development of grant from the Enronmental Ruger says that he and local expertse and commence Pr9tecton Agency (EPA),to n- Polcy Analyst Davd Segler ther own programs, assessng ve~!ory the envronmental wll begn work on the project the benefts of nter-trbal nee~s on member reser~a- n May of ths year Th~y wll be cooperaton n relaton to these ( tons accordng to GLFWC,performng a needs assess-, programs Envronme!lt~l Bologst Alan ment n regard to the reserva- Accordng to the EPA Ruger tons" envronment and Phase of the program wll be Ruger says :that GLJFWC developng ar optons analyss to develop operatonal exper- wll be wor!<ng wth the Coun, for all reservatons Ther tse needed to assume EPA cl of Energy Resource Trbes st~dy w]ll be takng nto ac~ delegable programs" And (CERn EPAs prme contrac count trbal values and desres Phase ll wll be "the assumptor, n lookngs at the en-: as well ton and operaton of such pro _vr~?nmental problems of EPA feels thatn order)or grams, or the operaton of,, eleven member trbes~ Sx trbes to ratonally decde what, comparable ndependent trbal trbes are n Wsconsn, three types of envronmental pro- programs wth a commen- n Mnnesota and two n grams they want to endorse surate level of professonalsm Mchgan they frst need to acqure a and effectveness" The EPA, s currently fun broad understandng of the Ruger feels that the grant dng a natonal effort trough problems facng them and and resultant study are a frst the Amercans of ndan Op- what solutons are possble step n gettng trbes nvolved portunty (AO) whch wll be The ntent of the program wthepa programs n develop nventoryng envronmental s that, followng_ the ~tal ng trbal expertse n enneeds of largef trbes, however, study, trbes wll be n a pos- vronmental ssues Kathryn Terney, Lac du Flambeau Trbal Attorney presented background on ltgaton Mke Cardnal, GLFWC Chef Warden at the tranng center D ~ *********************************** ~********************************* - : :, : ODANAH Rchard Gurnee, Red ClffTrbal Charman, and Charman of the Great Lakes ndan Fsh and Wldlfe, Commsson: (GUFWC) s en~ couragng people to conta~t ther legslators n support of Senate: BlL 546, whch ad dresse~ the acd ran problem n northern Wsconsn, The GLFWC represents eleven Chppewa -Trbes n :Wsconsn Mnnesota and Mchgan n the exercs~ of ; ther off-reservaton treaty rghts Sx of these trbes are wthn Wscorsn Approx mat~ly thf!! upper thrd of Wsconsn s wthn the treaty : area where the Chppewas re- tan huntng; :Jshng, and gatherng rgh~s, ; Rchar~ Gurnoe, Charman :of GLJFWC and Red Clff Trbal, Charman, n a letter to Represen- tatve jeanet~e Bell, Gurnee wll help to mtgate addtoral of Wsconsn cannot afford to roted tha(senateblf 546 wll problems wth heavy metals see, the $3 bllon toursm and :reach the Assembly floor such as mercury, accordng to recreatonal ndustry depleted wthn the next several days Gurnoe and the Trbes cannot afford to : he :commsson mantans Afthough sulfur doxde see ther huntng, fshng, and that passage Qf ths :Sll s (S2) emssons are about gatherng rghts usurped by essenta for the protecton of 375 tols for 985, a reduc- polluton the natural resources,qf ton to 25, tons pervear s: Wscorsn, ; : : essental to controf further "We wm all beneft from Gunnbe: ~ c~-n~erned damage to Wsconsns lakes passag e of SB 546 wth the 2 b~c~use a: n~mber of northerll <A key provson of SB!?46 lbs sq2 lm~ and we urge -w lsconsrl :lakes, have been _would lmt S2 emssons t? postve acton by the :altered by acd precptatc;>_n L2 Jbs; per mllon: BTUs by< Assembly," Qurnoe stated on, : and -~t leasf l4qq others a~e _:,~93 Ths provson rrust re- behalf of the commsson known to be :vulreraj?le~ The man n the Bll for~~ to have ar trbes relatonshp 9f acd pr~clpta mpact on the acd precpta- ton ~nd the!jptake of heavy~ ton probl~m, says Gurnoe: S~nate BU ~6, w_th lhe! metals ~y aquatc Jlfe s,: \ : < : : ; ;: 2 lbs~ o~ ~2 per mllon Above and below, a meda workshop was sponsored jontly by the GLFWC and Lac du Flambeau Publc nformaton Offces The purpose was to acqu~nt trbal partcpants wth varous area meda staff ard to also work on techncal sklls such as wrtng press releases~,, Representatves from newspaper:s, tv~ and rado were present to explan how to reach the meda most effectvely :,"r:::;:_,,,, n sjw -, nt - ter area whch s of great, Wsconsm s fsh,_ wl!dhfe and BTUs pr9vsaqn, s a: step for- : ~;~cer~ to the trbes: Ths ;Bl natural resources; The pe~ple! ward for all those who enjoy, :2]!~~2J!!!! J, f;,, : J /,,/~:,,~: :!, _, :, +; ~,,,

4 MASNAGAN PAGE 4 L ; _,, A lhke WASTE DHM>, N THER BACKYARD The :ctzens of Hanford; and the State of Oregon; down except one The federal _,_ Washngton, want a nucl~ar The tour vas sponsored n governn:tentthen started a prowaste repostory n fact, they order to gve people concerned gram to dversfy the ste, n, : are supportng the selecton of wth the ssues of a second tatng other programs Cur Hanford for the frst nuclear repostory ste n Wsconsn rently 7 to 8 programs, nwaste dump and are one,ofthe and Mnnesota a frst hand eludng several n research are three now beng consdefed by, glmpse of a major radoactve n operaton the Department of Energy waste faclty and to dscern- Work s also gong full (DOE) the possble effects as well as steam ahead wth the testng of A, numb_er of area operaton of such a ste the basalt rock, whth would representatves from Wscon-, hold the frst permanent sn trbes and from the Great Ruger says that DOE repostory Lakes ndan Fsh and Wldlfe started the Hanford ste n Hanford ctzens are dong ( c ommlsson (GLFWC) recet 942,_ so_ presently the -Hal)for~ ther best to prove that Hanford ly retu,rned (rom an observa: communty represents the 3rd s the best place n Amerca for ton tour of the Hanford,ste generaton of "nuke" people, the storage of hgh-level rado whch s currently ~ large people who have made a lvng actve waste, despte the potendeveloment researchng on, on producton and dsposal of tal polluton n the Columba and dsposng of mltary ra~o- nuclear wste Essentally, the Rver and the leakages n the actve waste and produc,ng people of the communty are current operaton nuclear energy totally dependent upon the Unfortunately for Hanford However, accordl)g to Hanford ste, wth about 3/4of not everyone thnks t s the GLFWC Envronmental the populaton relyng on t best place scentfcally Ruger Bologst Alan Ruger who took economcally, says that several geologsts part n t_he tour not everyone Radoactve waste s cor- who have no drect tes to the n the area shares the Hanfor- rently beng stored at Hanford Hanford ste feel t has become dtes enthusasm for the stng from the defense department an nsttuton and that s not Lecture~ on the Hanford tour stands on a truck used to transport nuclear waste He stands,of a repostory, at ~an~lr~ _ and power plants t s only par- best choce by one of the cansters Because the ste heslclose tally below ground, and the to the Columba Rver, t~e sur storage system has a hstory of roundng trbes whch rclude leakage Ruger note& The the Nez Perce, Yakma and largest leak, he says, was Umatlla strongly object, fear, 5, gallons a leak whch! ful of contamnaton of the s stll contnung to emt rver and eventually destruc trdum nto the envronment ton of ther fshng resource today JonngthetrbesaretleState Orgnally the ste of Washnton he cty of operated 9 reactors but due to Portland (whch les: at the _a cutback l fundng durng the mouth of the Columba Rver), 97s _all have be~n closed / L ( Donnng a Rchland Bombers" hat, replete wth Qlushroom cloud logo, s Jm Schlender who went the Handford ste tour _Robotcs forthe cannster storngnuclear waste at the Ha ford ste t s all done by remote control so no one s expo d to the waste n the tunnel leadng -nto a mountan ~here the Hanford ste s dong tests on heat & compresson ~n the sat rock tryng to prove tl:ts s the best place for a repos~ory _ ProteFton oflong sland dangered ppng plover alternaton to the natv~ flora Upda~on the Acqus~onof However, shortly after the bll and fauna Lqng sland by Natonal Park was ntroduced there was talk _ Through dscussons wth Servce :of developng the lghthouse Washngton representatves we by area as an nterpretve center learned that there was lttle n Jon Glbert, and the creaton of pcnc areas terest n defeatng HR 282 and, and swmmng beaches Many proposng an alternatve n the Long sland s a vety m people could nqt understand same dscussons, howev~r we portant sland n the how the Natonal ParkServce also learned that there may be quamegon Bay t s a barrer: could protec~ the crtcal a way to address the concerns sland whch helps to protect ; h~btats whle atthe same tme of the trbe and other groups the bay and, along wth Che promote toursrn n the area nterested n Long slands proquamegon Pt, helps to protect These seemed to be conflctng tecton A document enttled the Kakagon Sloughs The uses The Bad Rver Trbe was Report on the ntent of Con- slanc:l suppo~ts the last ne~tng also concerned that ncreased gress whch states what the pars of ppng plover~ n boat traffc to Long lsland Congress ntends wth a par Wsconsn t also has th~ frst vould mean ncreased boat tcular pece of legslaton We lghthouse constructed on the : traffc n the Kakagor Sloughs have been gven assurances shores Qf Lake Superor a~d s : Tbere s evdence that boat that f the natur~l resource a very mportant sland n the traffc n wld rce beds, agences n-the Chequamegon culture and hst()ry of the <:hp; especally durng the rces Bay area wll draft ths report, pewa people For these reasons floatng leaf stage s detrmen- Senator Kasten and Represen,t s mperatve that the sland tal to the rce The trbe s tatve Obey wll nclude t as and ts natural and cultural dedcated to the protecton of part oft he legslaton, resources be protected the rce n the sloughs Us for beleve that ths s a vald and these reasons that the Bad All natural resource agen approprated rofe of the Na- Rvertrbe opposed HR 282 ces n the Bay area; r:~atonal tonal Park Servce The trbe and other ParkServce, Wsconsn DNR Representatve O~ey has -~- organzatons (Nature Conser~ ~gurd Olson Jnsttute, Nature nt~oduced a bll ~HR j282_~ :, vancy, fo~ exa~j>le)_ y,e,t~ nwhch would authonze the Na- terested n,developmg; to a and the GLFWC wll meet at Conservancy, Bad Rver Trbe, ton~ll Park Servce to a:qure postve ytay; an, alternatve the Sgurd Olson nsttute _to Long sland aspart of the Nc~ proposal whch would pro~e~t, draft ths report; am confdent,tonal Lake Shore lntaly;_ Long sland and the Kaka~on thatwe wll succeed n wrtng when Rep; Obey f!troaucedthe Slough The trbe met:wtl the a report whch wll outlne the legslaton therewas some con~ N<;tture Conserva~cy ~Q dscuss ways n whch the natural and cern that the bll was not the dea of establshng a cultural resources on Long specfc enough to aff~rd ad~~,na~!jral area whch would nquateprotedlonto sland wllbe protected thls~r~cal ::chde Long< tsland,<che- _ an confdent thatf we habt~t ;- :, : p: : quc!rregon ~qnt an~- the are successful n wrtng ths The concerns were Kakagon Slough A natural report the Natonal,Park Ser- twof9d The bll was proposed area desgr)at()n woutdpr()vde : vce wll do an outstandng job to protectc:rtcal habtats and protecton by prohbtng n ensurng the prote!cton of the ~esthg grounds of the en- sgnfcant development :and, ths crucal hab~at ; y, : ; ~ LONG ~~ SLAND: A NEED TO CO-MANAGE, f,_ JonaJhan Qll~rt, GLFWC wldlfe bologst ~ --~< -: _: :_ ; : -: : : l < ; ~_!, :: -~ /" _", _- :, < -~ : : : ~~ \: -: r - } (

5 ; : ) : PAGE 5 MASNAGAN ~- ~--~~- D~:rng the course of _the GLFWC bo~ogsts have nvolved n: numerous surveys and have spent many hours the feld -at the varous reservatons collec- tng data on deer, fsh, water- fowl, and wld rce~ Wnter months provde them the tme to computerze collected data, formulate t n- to an orga-nzed bo~y of,~ materal and analyze what they have found - Consequently, n March - several reports tesultng Jronr Table 3 Summary of off-reaervaton treaty waterfowl season, 9/2/85 9/29/85 and ]J)/5/85-/3/85 ther studes have been pro- duced Excerpts from several,_-?~"- of them are ncluded _n ths Permts Number Hunters Duck Ducktf Goose GeesJ Goot secton of MASNAGAN :, ssued huntng succesful harvest per season harvest per seas on harvest Much of the work done by GLFWC bologsts helps substantate both~ ltgatron and negotaton stances for Excerpted From :the St Crox the eleven member trbes n Summary of the 985 Off Reservaton Treaty Waterfowl Red Clff the realm of treaty huntng, fshng, and gatherng: Season n Northern Wsconsn Lcob 2Q o8o agreements However, they Compled by: Tmothy Andryk, Mlle Lacs also serve as a bass for the n~ dvdual trbes and GLFWCto 3 ~ Bad Rver better assess and, th~s more The 985 trbal hunt was effectvely manage ther the frst off-reservaton treaty Mole Lake resources waterfowl season n northern KBc Should anyone wsh Wsconsn The huntng regula cop!es of an entre report, ton~ nt~y proposed by the please contact GLJFWC, Great Lakes ndan Fsh -and Total (rep)e 36 44g Total (est) : _95 24 Publc nformaton Offce; Box Wldlfe Commsson (GLF\VC) 9, Odanah, 5486 or call were modfed somewhat by (75) the US fsh and Wldlfe Ser~ aldf Lac du Flambeau vce (USFWS) after jont con blco Lac Courte Oreles sultaton wth GLFWC and the cj{e Keweenaw Bay Wsconsn Department of dper season per hunter reported halvest/reportec number huntng Natural Resources (WDNR) etotas reported by hunters surveyed The proposed regulatons were flotal Harvest estmated early season harvest plus estmated regular season harvest re\!ewed by the -Msssspp gestmated -total number huntng total estmated harvest/reported ducks or geese per season per hunter Flyway Councl and publshed lestmated number of s~ccers!ul hunters reported successful hunters x estmated number huntng/ reported number huntng (63/4) n the Federal Regster for publc comment GLFWC and WDNR subs~quently concurred Wood ducks comprsed geese by Lac du Flambeau the September hunt Ths wth lhe regulatons, when the largest porton of the members Wood ducks made regon accounted for approx harvest durng the entre up the largest porton of the mately 46% of the trbal duck fnalzed by WSFWS and season Wood duck numbers entered nto ar\ agreement -~-~ ~-~- ~~~~-~~ ~ allowng for jont mplementa ton and enforcement of the hun,t The dates for the trbal appear to be ncreasng n nor- thern Wsconsn, probably n part due to the abundant beav~r populatons Mgrant ducks, especally scaup duck and coot seasons were: became a major component of 2-29 September and 5 Oc- the bag n the 2nd hunt and tober 3 November, wth an contrbuted to the greater addtonal scaup only season htrter~succe~s -,, c, 4-29 November (Apendx A) St Crox membersharves A fve day closed perod bet ed the largest number of ducks ween the early and regula~ takng approxmately 38% of seasons(3 September 4 Oc the estmated 336 ducks taken tober) was mplemented to by treaty hunters Lac du, allow waterfowl,- to Flambeau members harvested recorgregate n areas that rnay the largest number of geese, experence localzed "burrout" takng approxmately 43% of: from t~bal huntng pressure th!! estmated 63 harvested The Canada goose season durng the treaty hunt Trbal dates were September hunters averaged 5 3_, and 522 October Bag and ducks/seasof, whch s roughly possesson lmts for ducks what- the Wsconsn state followed the 985 federal pont hunters averaged values and for Canada Geese Trbal hunters harvested were 3 daly and 6 n posses approxmately 96 ducks, 9 son All federal and state clos- geese, and 48 coots durng the ed areas; permssble methods, September hunt Sxty-fve per :and shootng hour restrctons cent of the ducks harvested were the same for the trbes were reported to be taken by The purpose of ths report St Crox and (Lac Courte : s to present the results of the Orelles members) 5% of the 985 off-reservaton treaty waterfowl season, ncludng trbal hurter partcpaton, ef fort, success and harvest Hunter ard harvest statstcs were derved by proratng totals reported durng mal and telephone surveys by the response rats Seventy-four percent of ndvduals ssued huntn g permts for the s~ptember hunt(2 29 Septe~ber) and 68% of n dvduals huntng durng the 2nd hunt (5 October - 3 November) responded to mal and teleplone surveys One hundred and thrty sx trbal members were ssued off-reservaton waterfowl llun tng permts, of whch roughly 63 actually hunted harvestng approxmately 5~3 brds (336 ducks, 63 geese- and~ 24 coots) Roughly one thrd of the harvest occurred dur,ng the -dayseptember hunt: Duck huntng success was lower dur ng t~e$ept!!mber hunt,_most : lkely be~ause of unseasonably cold, weather)u~tpr~r _ tp the r hunt and, the, res~ltmg early,: dep2srture: of maj~r con,ce~tra~: tons of blue~wnged teak The -: over~ll tdbal:hunt_e~:success of A ducksjtrp s :hgher: tllarl: the average Wscofldn state :, hunter s\:ccess,of or s_lghtly Jess ~hcn duck/trp -: ;{: _: \":_: _" >\ :_! ~ :; : ~ :_, ~ _: ~ ;! : ::,: waterfowl ~! \;! bag A cold front on 9 and coot huntng trps, 58% of september resulted n the early the duck harvest and all of the departure; before the hunt reported coot harvest Hunter,began of major concentratons success n the rce pothole of blue-wnged teal from nor- regon reported at 5 ducks/ them Wsconsn, resultng n a day was hgher than the trbal lower than expected percen- average for the September Excerpted From the Assessment of the 985 Early Trbal Off-Reservat!on Waterfowl Season n Northern Wscon- sn, 2-29 September 985 By,: Tmothy Andryk Grec,t Lakes ndan Fsh and Wldlfe Commsson tage of blue-wnged teal n the hunt Powell Marsh n Vlas _bag: Trbal ~unter~ wer~ _ <;oup,\} receved the heave~t-~- <?bjectl~es state hunters durng thejrst lmted to huntmg geese for 2 goose huntng pressure and The objectves of the days of the regular trbal~state days durng the early hunt h~rvest wth roughly 487o of study were to montor the early season A mal surveywas sen~,28-29 September, consequent the goose huntng trps and off-reservaton hunt and assess to all trbal hunters s~ued pe~ ly the goose harvest was low -43% of the goose harvest ts mpacts, specfcally: flyway mts to hunt durng the early Trbal hunters harvested The wld rce lake-pothole waterfowl populatons season, and was followed up approxmately_ 24 ducks, 44 regon of; Burnett and Polk L The mpact of trbal wth a telephone survey of geese and 76 coots durng the countes receved the heavest harvest on local, state, and non respondents to ob_t~n 2nd hunt (/585 3/85) trbal huntng pressure and flyway waterfowl populatons harvest and hunter effort nfor" Sxty-seven percent of the harvest durng the 2nd hunt 2The mpact of trbal hunter matjon Harvest aqd effort ducks were reported to be Ths regon also had a hgh dsturbance on state hunter op- estmate-s were proj~cted fronl harvested by St Crox and Lac duck h~:~nter success reported port unty the data reported by 74% of du Flambeau members and al 8 ducks/trp Powell Marsh Specfc areas of an- the trbal members who were 7% of the geese by Lac du and Chequanlegon Bay (n tcpated trbal hun~ng s~ued off-reservaton water Flambeau and Red Clff Ashland and Bayfeld Coun pressure to be montored were: fowl huntng permts members Mallards made up tes) accounted for a reported PowelJ Mars~-rougly a Approxmately :278 the largest percentage of the 42% of the trbal goose hun- 4,3 acre state wldlfe area, hunters hunted the Glacal hunters bag followed closely tng pressure and 6% of the adjacent to the Lac du Lake Grantsburg state wldlfe; by scaup and wood ducks goose harvest Chequamegon Flambeau Reservaton n Vlas areas on openng weekend of : The wld rce lake-pothole Bay and the Chequamegon Na- aj!d lrc:>n countes of northcen the state: ard regu_lar trbal regon of Burnett and Polk tona Forest had the hghest tral Wsconsn seasons No trbal hunters were countes receved the heavest goose hunter success, reported 2Glacal Lake Grantsburg, found durng bag checks of trbal duck and coot huntng at 3 and 5 geese/trp comprsed of 3 state wldlfe almost two-thrds of t~ pressure and harvest durng respectvely areas: 3, acre Crex hunters An estmated Meadows, 4, acre Fsh -ducks were hnvested openng Lake, and 7,5 acre Amster weekend at a rate of 9 dam Sloughs n western ducks/day/hunter, whch was Burnett County, northwestern down from the long term " J,, ~ - Wsconsn average of _ 2 -~,5 3Wld rce lakes and rver n ducks/dayhunter Mallards eastern Burnett County, nor comprsed 47% of the bag ttwestern Wsconsn as followed by 9% for green: follows: ],5 acre Upper and wngedteal and 4% for rng Lower Clam Lak~ 6 acre necked duck~~ No b!ue-wng~d Gaslyn Lake; 55 acre Brggs teal were found n hunter bags Lake, and a 5 mle stretch of (P Kooker pers comm:) the Yellow Rver Dscusso~ Ceded Terrtory The 985 total trl)al early season harvest of approxmately 96 ducks 48coots, and t9 Methods geese was nsgnfcant and dd Ths study was an nter not- mpact local, state, or agency effort conducted by fly~ay populatons However personnel of GLFWC, WDNR, weather dd have a substantal and USFWS, ncludng wldlfe mpact on waterfowl concen, managers; bologsts, tecjn tratons and mov~melts cans, and wardens: Unseasonably cold weather h Waterfowl counts to md and late September montor densty and resulted n an early departure, movements were conducted on before October, (and before the specfc study areas ; to 3 2 Septembe r n many areas) days pror to the early hunt of local blue:wnged teal and to (6-9 September), dtrngjhe a lesserextent wood ducks and _early hunt (2():29 September), nallarc!s from northern l l :d6rng the 5day rest Perod (3 Wsconsn; as reflected n the September 4 October), and low composton oft~a l n the durn~) the frst part ar the trbal hunter ba:g_ (Table: ) regular trbal~state season (5 ; State hunter duck harvest n l7 October); Bag check northern Wsconsn, durng the surveys were conducted, to col~ early part of the state season- lect harvest~ and effl)(t data (4-6 October), was : low~r as a from trbal hunters_durng the resultofthe early duck depar~ ; ;, early hu~t, and ~ tjbaj and ture,, : ::, <c~nt~u~«{on P~~e 6> "~ _,; ;

6 -~ ; " WATE (contnu~d from page 5) Unpre~edented h;gh wn4 Rce Lakes : LAKE,numbers of Canada geese n The trbal harvest of ap northern Wsconsn arrved n proxmately4lducks,36c~ots early October, -when (anada and l goose durng the early experenced and early Wnter :hunt On the Wld rce lakes was storrr At the- peak contentra nsgnfcant and had no m ton a mnmum of 9 pact on local populatons We Canada geese were est!mated dd not observe any change n to be n Ashland, Bayfeld waterfowl concentratons or Douglas; and ron COU!ltes on movements n response to 2 october (F Strand pers trbal huntng pressure: Hunccmm) Consequently state tng pressure was lght, as no j hunter goose harvest n nor- trbal hunters were found dur thern Wsconsn durng the ear- ng bag check surveys y part of the state season was Weather also seemeq to much hgher than average be the major factor affectng duck concentratons and Powell Marsh movements on the wld rce lakes Sgnfcant concentratons of ducks had already left The trb~l harvest ~at Pow~ll Marsh durng early season of approxmately 6, geese and 2 ducks was n sgnfcant clearly not mpac_, tng local populatonsj Thert;! appeared to be no change ;l duck and goose, numbers- o,f movements n,response to trbal huntng pressure as duck and goose number~ ap pea red to reman stable or h ;, the rce lakes before the early, trbal, hunt began t appears ducks moved from surroundng wld rce lakes and potholes to stage earler at Crex Meadows, n response to unseasonably cold weather and lttle avalable rce (due to the wet and wndy weather) n September (D Evenson pers crease durng the early trbal comm) hunt (Fg 2)! Conclusons The major departure, of -, - ducks and geese o n 5 Qctober The trbal harvest of ap was most lkely due to the col~ proxmately 96 d4cks, 48 northerly wnds that mornng coots and 9 geese durng the and the depleton of the food 985 early off-reservaton patcfl:es wthn the goose refue waterfow season n Wsconsn, The goos refuge (rougly 35~o was nsgnfcant and dd not of the Powell Marsh Wldlfe mpact the sta~us of local, state Area) usually holds geese dur- or flyway populatons : COMMERCAL -----ca TCH N----~ SUP ROR - - : M- / : / ;-- ~ /, / _ _ l MN 3 / _ -f/ / l Ml 2 _W 2 / / ~n ~ 3 ":7 22 [ -4-:-~:-:-:-2/ 28 -N : /- / / / -/ Ml 3 /,, Ml4 / ~~=-::::::t---,r,;;; J tak TOUT MGT UNf ounoarr < 2 Fgure Mchgan waters surroundng ~~e Ke\,eenaw Penn~ula, stats_tcal grds and Lake ~Trout Manag-ement Unts used to comple commercal h~rvest and effort data ng the fall untl they exhaust, Trbal huntng pressure Bologcal and Comme~cal postve trend toward recovery, the food patches plante9 there, durng the 985 early trbal Catch Statstcs from nter, the expandng trbal commer- (C Botwnsk pets comm) season dd not affect state Trbal Fshng n Mchgan cal fshery should mnmze n- However, there was 2 25% hunter opportunty durng the Waters of Lake Superor n creases n lake trout fshng less food plarted n 985 and state season Localzed "bur 985, mortalty, especally on much of the crop planted was nout" dd n~t occur because Prepared for the Red Clff; natves flooded out so less food was trbal huntng pressure was Bad Rvennd Keweenaw Bay Of equal concern s the avalable wthn the goos(! nether suffcently large nor Band of Lake Superor protecton of Gull sland Shoal refuge Also, th~ fall mgraton concentrated, to affect water Chppewas lake trout whch are known to was earler ths fall as thepeak fo~l concentratons or dstrbu- By move along the south shore n goose concentraton was about ton Mark P Ebener to Mchgan waters durng a week earler than normal at Weather and not trbal Great Lakes ndan Fsh and parts ofthe year A fsh refuge _ Powell Marsh huntng pressure affected duck Wldlfe Commsson, n Wsconsn waters of Lake : Duck harvest at Powell,-_ and goose concentratons and ;; _Superor, e~tab_lshed n 97_5, h w ntroducton Marsh, durng the early part of movements m nort ern ~ protects ths self"reproducng the sta~e and trbal regul\)r consn n 985 Unseasonably n the fall of 984, the Red stock n Wsconsn The Red seasons (5-6 October) was cold weather t:~ md and late Clff, Bad Rver, and Keweenaw Clff and Bad Rver Bands, by Eastern Keweenaw Pennsula " S b d th Bay Bands of Lake Superor among the lowest ever because eptem er resu te m e ear y not targetng ths stock for n accordance wth the 985 f d t b f October Chppewas ntated an nter- d of the early departure o oca epar ure e ore over ten years, have a veste agreement on Y ltcensed 2 S b trbal fsheres assessment of ducks correspondng: wth the (and before eptem er - - ) f prevously underutlzed fsh nterest n mantanng-the n- _ftshermen from Kew_ een aw_bay cold front, and few ncomng many areas o major concen tegrty of the Gull sland Shoal w ere allowed- to r sh -on th;, f bl d t stocks n Mchgan waters on mgrmt ducks, However the tratns o ue-wmge ea populaton Efforts to control eastern stde of the Kew-eenaw Peak count of roughtly _ 35 _ an d to some ex t en t, woo d the west sde of the Keweenaw explotaton on the Gull lslan_d Canada_geese was am, _ong th_ e, ducks and mallards An early P emnsu a; Ob Jec t Jves were to fsh n Mchg-an waters should Pennsula n 985 There was T~bJe Total reported trbal catch and effort statstcs by grd for unts Ml, 2, and 3; Lake Superor, 985 Pounds, are dressed weght l -:: MLlS from the focus of fshng actv- concentrated just outsde the ty, fshermen were ndvdually West Entry n grds 2 and requested to fsh n selected 22 More specfcally, 59% locatons durng_ the fshng of all trbal gll net effort n season The fshermen were to Mchgan waters occurred n set between 5, and 6, ft grds 2 and 22 of gll net consstng of several Catch rates Jor whtefsh dfferent mesh szes ard trbal and lake trout vared con- techncans or bologsts would sd~rably from one locaton to sample the entre catt:!h For another, but t appeared that these lfts lbs of lake trout wher~ whtefsh were abun appled to the fshermans _ dant, ake trout were not, and quota regardless of the total vce versa Areas wth the poundage of lean lake trout largest whtefsh- -CPE:s were caught by the fshermen from Fourteer Mle Pt (grd 29) up to Fve MJ~ Pt (gd 23, and n thebete Grse_Bay area (grd 26) The whtefsh to lake trout rato (WF/LT) n these areas :were hgh (95-8) Areas wth hgh lake trout abundance (a low j WF/LT rato) were from Lttle Grl Pt (grd t-5-52) through the Porcupne Mts: n Ml-2, and n all grds of Ml-4 hghest r_ecorde d at Powell wnter storm n Canada co ec t nee d e db ogtca f or be constde red n order to assst no lean lake trout quota ap- Ma rs_h and the goose h_arvest,_ resulted n unprece d ente d h Jg h - matton f or managemen t f th e rehabtl"tatto n efforts_ n pled to the east sde of the du_ rng_ the early part d f h d t Pennsula but Keweenaw Bay of t~ e numbers of Canada geese n share s resources an o Wsconsn waters state seasojj, was hgh despte nor th ern w s~ o n s n - durn g assess the feasblty of Methods fshermen were requred by south of Bete Gr:se ~ay The the_ early goose_ d e_ parture r early October establshng a substantal trbal w tern Mchgan Waters trbal law to tag all lean h lake WF/L T n these areas r~nged commercal fshery The 984 es - trout harvested The fs ermen from less than lo to 8~ j data was nsuffcent to Pursuant to the 985nter- were also requred to submt_ develop such recommenda trbal Assessment Agreement, monthly catch and effort : tons requrng addtonal n sx commercal gll net tugs reports to the Keweenaw Bay formaton from sprng and were lcensed to harvest trbal government Trbal comsummer fshng actvtes, whtefsh and lake trout n Lake - merca! harvests from the east Therefore, wth the sgnngof a Trout Management Unts Ml-2 sde of the Pennsula were 3/4Seasonal D~trlbutlon of the renewed nter-trbal agree and Ml-3 No more than two montored from Aprl through Catch ment, the assessment effort boats from eac:h trbe were September by GLFWC person- There were dstnct was extended from the sprng allowed to fsn n the affectep nel_ or a Keweenaw ~ay seasonal changes _ n the through the fall of 985 n ad- area ~t anyone tme The trbes fsheres ade- dstrbuton of whtefsh and dton: we were requested by agreed to lmt the total lean Jake trout wthn M-2 and Ml-3: the trbal governments to pre lake trout harvest and Red Clff based on fshery CPE and sent some ntal proposals for was assgned an ndvdual lean drected assessments by com managng trbal commercal, lake trout quota of 3,75 lbs merca( fshermen Whtefsh Effort Whtefsh CPE Lake -WF/LT fsheres along the eastern sde The Keweenaw Bay fshermen appeared to move from west to Unt of the Keweenaw Pennsula had a 3, lb q uota All east atong the western Ke Grd {H) (pounds) WF lrout rato because of demands by trbal large boat operators were re- weenaw Pennsula from sprng (pounds) commercal fshermen to n-_-, qured to submt daly catch Results t f F A th gh May M-l 88 crease fshng actvty n ths: and effort data on a weekly Commerc::a- H a rvest and whtefsh o a rom :were pn concentrated - rou n,3 : _porton of tl}e treaty-cede9 bass, To enforce the lake trout Effort Statstcs _ the Msery Bay to Redrdge Subtotal _" waters Ths report presents a, quota large boat operators Trbal fshermen reported area, but by June and July the Ml _oao summary of the bologcal and were requred to tag all lean lftng 33 mllon_ feet of gll fshery was centered just out 52 commercal catch statstcs lake trout harvested by ther net n manag~ment unts Ml~ sde of We~t _ EntryBy late :3QOO collected n 985 from both boats, and daly catch reports through Ml-4 h 985 and September most of the sdes of the Keweenaw Penn- were cross-referenced by reported a harvest of39o:ooo whtefsh fshng occurred : sua ln Mchgan waters of Lake bologsts wth fsh wholesale lbs of whtefsh and 6, lbs north of West Entry up to: the 8 Superor records fror:n volume fsh of lake trout Whtefsh catch Fve Mle Pt area Subtotal buyers n Wsconsn and per-unt-effort (CPE) for all Lake tro~t appeare~ to be Ml Management Concerns Mchgan unts combned was 24 flore wdely dstrbuted n May _, Lake trout and lake trout lbs/ ft of gll net No lake than most other months Data rehabltaton are our major Commercal catches were trout CPE could be calculated from drected assessmen~s n bologcal concern n develop- -montored and bologcal data for unts M!~2 or Ml~3 because dcated lake trout were abun ng trh~al commercal fsheres collected by fshery techn- commerc~;tl fshermen were dant at Fve mle Pt and Eagle Subtotal , along- the Keweenaw Penn _ clans and bologsts from the ta~getng for whtefsh ~ and Rver n early May, bot by June Ml su a Progress towards Red Clff Fsheres Department returnng lake trout to the whtefsh were much : more 24 3, : 82 rehabltaton on the east and (RCFD) and the Great Lakes water to avod catchng ther abundant than ake trout at ~ 22 west sdes of the Keweenaw Secton of the Great Lakes n ndvdual lake trout quotas bottlocatlons The same pat p e n 5 u a s p r OTll s g _ dan Fsh and W:tdlfe Com- However, n Ml-4 where Ke- tern was true for the West En : because natve and sexually msson {GLFWC)nformaton weenaw -Bay fshermen could try area, where lake trout were l l/ 82 mature fsh (age 7 and older) collected conssted of total fsh target for lcke trout; and no llore abundant n early May! : "! f84 comprse a comparatvely length, weght, lake tr()ut fn - lake trout quota was n effect than n late M~y; t:jowevef, lake : _ 567 -! o;86 arge_ proporton of the _ total clp observatons, occurrence CPE was 39 ll>s/ ft of gj t trout were consstently found,: ,59,? ,: ]62 populaton; natural r~produc- and classfcaton of sea lam net _ - from Lttle GrlPt through the lon s occurrng, and tota,l pr~y wounds and scars, _and _ Th~ majbrty of _the Porcupne Mts Only one Subtotal; 8624o : ;, 3s4 ; l - mortalty s at or below the scale samples for age deter~ harvest and effort occun:ed n assessment was made n the Grarld Total~,,,!5% target level set by the:!jlnatlons : ;, Ml-3, ndjdng 6% of the Ontonagon are~ but t ap and Means: :: ~ 66 6:4 Lake Superor Lake Trout n an attempt to collect n,_whteftsh harvest and_ 66% of: ~ared that Jake trout: w~re,, - r,,_: " :Techncal Commttee n order formaton on whtefsh and _the gll net effort Both harvest more :abundant than whte(tsh to :~"antan the curren~: lake trout,n areas remove~- :_an~ effort wthn Ml~3 were th~r~~, ; ~ _

7 , J ~, ", J, PAGE 7 MASNAGAN, ~! -~-~~~~~~ ~:~~~~~~ ~ ~~ ~~ ~~ ~-~----- rs?ure 2 5l : P<rr~ nt nat"vl lake trout n commt:rcal and a~sessment catr}rt:r "nl%5 AKETROUT GROWTH Excerpted F:rom Summary of December 2 the back tag and heavly harvested unts, Unt the 985 Off-Reservaton blaze orange were no longer re- 39 had a four-fold ncrease n Treaty Deer Season qured harvest t s not known what By n an unusual step, follow- accounted for ths large n- Wldlfe Secton Leadel ng the states deer-gun season crease ntroducton WDNR bologsts and ad- A total of 72 bweekly, - n 985 a thrd nterm,mnstrators determned that antlerless deer permts were agreement governng the ex~r- the antlerless deer harvest was ssued durng the 985 off: : ces of off-reservaton huntng nsuffcent n 9 deer manage- re~ervaton treaty deer seas()r: ; rghts was negotated between ment unts statewde Sx of Weekly pen:n~s were ssued for, the Wsconsn bands of Lake these unts were n the cedet:l a few unts after 75% of the Superor Chppewa and the terrtores The state permtted untquota had been met Usng Wsconsn Department of trbal members to hunt n the number of ~ntlerles~ per Natural Resources (WDNR) those wts whch had a frba! mts ssued as an ndcator of The 985 off-reservaton treaty quota remanng Only Lac du hunter pressure t s apparent deer season agreement provd- Flambeau ele~ted to extend that hunter pressure was hgh ed for an 85 day gun season the season No deer were durng the openng 2 we~k from September 4 through harvested durng ths "tme perod Pressure decreased dur- December 4 wth an 8 day The purpose of ths report ng the next two permt perods break from November 5 s to present the-results of the and then began to ncre;)seln through November 22 The off 985 off-reservaton treaty November The perod of most reservaton treaty bow season deer season ncludng a hunter partcpaton occurred concded wth the Wsconsn descrpton of the carcass durng the states deer gun state bows_eason tag/antlerless deer permt season~ Hunter pressure drop For the most part the system ped dramatcally after 985 regulatons paralleled the December L ~--~~~~~~~~,~~-984 off-reservaton deer There wer~ 6 unts : "season regulatons except for a whch receved heavy huntng Lake Trout Growth Trends n because _) sample szes at Data from Grand Portage n few mportant dfferences Two pressure (3 permts ssued,) Lake Superor those ages are generally suff Zone MN-3 s not part of a longcarcass tags were ssued at a These unts were generally Thomas R; Busahn, cent; l) growth n length at term data seres, but shows a tme to each trbal member close to the reservatons and Great Lakes ndan Fsh and :those ages s approxmately two-year trend smlar to the Ant le-less deer permts were had large areas- of publlc land, Wldlfe Commsson lne~r; 3) ages 6-8 encompass Wsconsn and Mchgan zones vald for 2 weeks and were a pattern whch was establshssued based on a success rate Most of the trbal harvest ed n 984 Howeve~ "n 984 PO Box9,danah, Wl5486l the broad peak of 4-/z nch gll net selectvty; 4) ages 6-8 The season was dvded nto 3 (873%) occurred n 23 of the the more heavly hunted uhts n t r o d u c t o n make up roughly 6% of lake Recommendatons parts wth regulatory df- 53 deer management unts also had large quotas n 985 Growth of lake trout s m- trout bomass; 5} growth rates t s not known f-declnng ferences between each part- (where the unt harvest was quotas n many unts wth portant to nhabl~aton at ages 6 8 ar~ ntermedate growth represents a major Carryng loaded and uncased greater than 3 deer) Harvest hgh hunter pressure were the because rrat~rty s sze- between older and younger threat to the rehabltaton efguns whle huntng and fgures were hghest n unts same, except for unts 3, 35 depen"dent, and delayed se~ments of the populaton fort Causes for declnng shootng form unpaved roads 3, 35, 36, and 39 Thre~ of and 36 whch -had the three maturty exposes lake trout,, growth are not readly appartkulary females, to a,data Sources parent However, these results 28 through October 2 (The sustaned the hghest harvest harvests) Unts 3 and 35 had was permtted from September these 4 unts (Le 3, 35, 36) hghest quotas (and largest longer perod of fshng and Data n ths report are ndcate that lake trout growth October 2 closure was trg- n the 984 trbal season as cmore permts ssued that any lamprey mortalty before from 3 sources: ) Mchgan rates should be a contnung gered by a provson n the well Ths reflects a smlar pat- other unts, followng the patagreement, whch n turn was tern as that n 984 where unts tern es(ablshed n 984 of reproducton S]rowth s also Department of Natural concern throughout Lake mportant n _determnng the Resourc~s sprng ~ssessment Superor Growth rates should ~trggered by passage of wth relatvely large quotas, hunter pressure followng sze and qualty of fsheres fshery Ashland Bologcal be further examned at an Wsconsn Senate Bll, 88r: A dose to reservatons and wth largerquotas Unt 36 was cl()s,~ Ths reporf updates two of Staton, 2) Red Clff Fsheres nter-ag~~\=y level n lght of full dscusson of ths matter ~ large acres of publc lands had ed to antlerless deer huntng the data seres on lake trout Department samples from the lake trout food habts, prey beyond the scope of ths the largest harvests Unt, because ts quota was attaned length : at age presented n Red Clff trbal commercal abundance and sze structure: report) Durng the states deer- whch had one of the hghest by October 28 before the peak 985 at the Councl of Lake fshery,and 3} Great Lakes n and water temperatures Lake gun season (November 23 harvests r 984; also had an _-huntng pressure Ths may ac Commttees sesson lon dan Fsh and Wldlfe Com- trout populaton dynamcs -December ) trbal members ncreased harvest n 985, but count for the relatvely lov; : predator/prey ssues ("Predator msson samples from the should be analyzed at lower were requred to wear back other unts (e unts 2, 3 ard number of permts ss ued n Responses to Fsh Communty Grand Portage trbal commer- growth rates, to estmate ef- tags and blaze orange clothng, 8) had larger ncreases These ths unt Changes n Lake superor} n cal fshery~ fects on potental egg depos- the same as state-lcensed 3 unts also share the same GLFC wth problems as an n- Results ton Length at age data should deer-gun hunters~ After characterstcs as the more (contnued on page 8) dcator of growth, t seems to ndcators of growth from contnue to be collected by be the best ndcator currently the 984 growng season (the agences, and more effectve avalable n Lake Supero,r data most recent- avalable from and tmely ways to measure, sets length at age data} decrease~ growth should be nvestgated To pr<>-:de a sngle n Management Zone W-2, after Montorng of_ lake trout number descrbng growth n a poor gro~th n 982 and ~bout stomach contents should be gven year, usedlength at age average growth n 983 An er, cont nued or ncreased to calculate nstantaneous ratc downward trend n growth Studes of other predator growth n ten gtl:l ot cohorts at s apparent n both the Wscon- - speces should be ntated to ages 6, 7, an d 8 sn and Mchgan management determne whether compet- Ages 6-8 were select~d zones snce the late 97s ton for food s occurng The off-reservaton~treaty deer harvest was dstrbu~ed between 22 countes However, 7% of the harvest was taken from only 6 countes (e Bayf~ld, Burnett, ~oret, Oneda, Sawyer, and Vlas) As wth the harvest by deer management umt these counttes are all close to reservatons and have large areas of publc _lands - _ Table Dstrbuto~ ofcarc~ss tags and hunter success durng the 985 off r~servaton treaty deer season by regstraton staton, Re-gstraton Staton Bad Rver LCO LDF Mole Lake Red Clff st Crox Keweenaw Bay Mlle Lacs ; carcass, Tags- ( Allotted ; 3 2 : 3 7 lr 6Q;!- Carcass Tags ssued Number Of f _ : ~ J, ( } f ~ Hunte~s 8 42, " ()3(65) 5 68 <76 577," : :, \t476 Totals, r > :: Number of Successful Hunters Percent Successful Hunters ; : 642 Th~ table sh~~s the -~~rbe/o hunters ~nd t~e nu~b~ r and percent of the hunters who 356 f A successful hunt~r s defhed as a person who harvested or more de~r Of were success u - d "f bl th 65 h t the 3:St""Crolx hunters only 65were ndlvtdua y enta ~~ n y ese un er~ were m- ~ eluded n-the stcc~ss rat!: calculaton K~weenaw ~ay_ ~nd M!f~ Lacs members obtamed car: cass tags frqm one of the sx Wlscon~n trbal regtstratt~n statton3s h 33 ld b b fd er allotted to trbal members was 399 o[ whlc cou e The num er o e tt d t r to the antlerless Trbal conseryat:9n c;tepartments were a c:l e car cass_d~tgstp"rb:op or tonab f d n "984 :The number of carcc;~ss tags ssue o n a mem ers was number o tags ssue : h th h th t h t h n 984 because 2 tags were: ssued per unter ra er t an ~ ag u~ er ~uchgr~atert ahn t b t atned tags n 985 than:ln 984 Ths may be a result of trbal m 984 Fewer Ull~r~ d bl f th confdent that there are enought~gs a~ perm~s avat a e or etr members becommg hld t bt t s needs~so they d~ not send ~he~r spouses pr C r~n ~ <? atn ag : >, _: : Th,e r~rnb~t ~f:su~c~~sful h~nters ncre,as~d l J 9B5()~er 984 Th~ trbal per~t syst~m al owed fot a reater oumb~rof hmters n t~e feld a~ an~ tune and th~r~f()re p~rml~ted mo~e h h ~ t deer Th e tncrease n the number of sj,tccessful hunters and the decrease n unters to arves t 35 6 f th "984 t f the n"lmber oftotafhunters ncreased t~e "unt,~r succ:~~s rae to : ~~o: {~",~,-~::_,~ e o 25%,!~::~~: ;>;-,;~-~~f~ :-_-:;~:f:t :-:, - ;: _f :< ~ j, Table 4 Age and sex_dstrbuton of deer har~ested durng the 9B5 off-reservaton treaty deer season by county County Ashland Barron Bayfeld Burnett Douglas Eau Clare Florence Forest ron Langlade Lncoln Marathon Marnette -~canto Onelca Polk Prce Rusk sawyer St Crox Vlas Washburn Unknown County - TotaJl~ ~ :l_ Antlered Deer 6 25 " ~ ; ; j, / 6 25 ~---- -~- -: :- : : -:: % female Deer \ 75} :, ~ 9 42; " % fawns 54A o 4 2 O :94 % Total Deer f o:o " 9 L lll ll2: ; \ o" :: 56! 56 ::36 23-:;, ]:- 358 : 62_: 24 ;~ : J8, ~ :; ::

8 managers quota -! MASNAGAflf PAGES! DEER: HARVEST : - t _ "j (contnuedfromppg~ 7) had to m:lk~ up the dffer~nce; ~ The trbes harvested? % As trbal members become of the antlerless deer allotted more accustome~ to huntng t~ them Unt harvest reached off reservaton, and as mproved the quot~ n 9 ofthe 53 deer regulatons allow for a greater management unts These harvest, trbal quotas wll be unts were closed to antlerless consstently acheved f the deer huntng as th quota was trbal quota s not accounted reached The successlul for n future years, many unts closure of these unts proves wll be subject to con sstent that the system mplemented over-barvest whch wll and montored,by the trbes sgnfcantly redu~:e herd sze was effectve n preventng an _ r usng a set of over-harvest of antlerl~ss deer gudlnes developed by the The antlerless deer harvest ex- WDNR 8ureau of Research ceeded the quot_a n ; of 53 These recommended quotas unts None of these excesses are s_ubmtted to the DNR represents a, bologcal o~er~ Natural Resources Board (NRB) harvest especally n lght of for approval through the the under-harvest of quota deer emergency rule makng pron many unts by state lcen~ed cess The Department s then hunters The largest excess requred to ssue permts n was n unt 3 The harvest was such a manner to acheve ths 39 and the quota was 25 Mbst quota The number of permts of ths harvest was acheved by ssued s determned by a for- Red Clff hunters durng the mula defned n the Ad ffth permt pefo~ when 27 mnstratve Code: By knowng deer were klled the number of permts ssued The nmnber of antlerles~ by the state actual quotas may deer to be harvested ~ach year be catcuated The sum of the s recommended ~y wldlfe state:s quota a nd the trbal should equal the quota For mos~ unts thj approved by the NRB Ths state quotas were set wthout table shows that n many cases regard to the entre trbal the actual quota exceeds that quota ora portjonof the trbal approved by the NRB Because quota Apparently, WDNR WDNR approved the trbal,beleved the trbes were n- quotas and mplemented ther capable of harvestng ther por- quotas ndependently, there ton of the quota n these unts was apparently a lack of coor and state hunters therefore dnaton wthn WDNR Legend,_ ;,_-:- Ceded Terrtory boundary - : D < 7% of responde~ts ~ -5% of respqndents ~5-%of respondebts 52>% of re_sponde~ts, Fute J; ~~strbutor 984 treaty deer hun~ :4 {, - of trbal huntng effort durng the _,,,- \~ -t --, D-EER MUNER> : SU\fE :,,, : RES~ ljlts Mal Questonnares Methods After the concuson of th~ treaty deer season all hunters who obtaned a n offreservatondeer ta~ were maled an anonymous questonnare, The questonnare was dvded nto 2 parts, the frst part n- -eluded questons concernng deer huntng practces n general ether on or off the reservaton Questons ad dressed the months hunted, methods and weapon$ used, the number o{ deer klled and what use the hunte~ made wth any deer klled r The second half of the questonnare specfcally ask- how many addtonal deer they Jess than 2% and unt 3 had could be msleadng f number of addtonal deer response bas s not frst ex- n~eded s296(99l + ~) amned An ndcaton of ths Hunters were asked to m- bas s ganed from ater ques~ dcate on a map ~here they tons most frequently hunted De_er Twenty:three percent of rranag~ment unts ~ 3; a_nd, all hunters and 385% of sue- 35 receved the most pressure cessful hunters were satsfed These unts were close to reser- wth ther harvest ncdentally, vaton lands a~d h~d l~rge: 23% of the satsfed hunters amounts ofpubhc land Umt35 harvested no deer Hunters also had the largest harvest who were not satsfe~ wth the wth 47% of the tot~ trbal reported harvest were asked harvest; however, unt 3 had The large majorty of peo- ed about off-reservaton huntng under the negotated n consumpton, although many pe hunted for ther famlys term agreement Huntng ef" hunters shared the ~eer klls fort (n days and hours) was Successful hunters wer more quantfed Hunter dstrbuton than lkely to say they would was determned by each hunter share ther deer than all markng on a map the unt(s} hunters combned he or she most frequently The rest of the ques~ons hunted Comments on any pro~ addressed off-reservaton hufl bems encountered were tng under the 984 off solcted Results are presented reservaton treaty deer seaso n as percent of respondents Ten percent o_f the answerng the queston n respondents who hunted dd most cases more than answer not go off the reservaton to a gven queston was acceptat>le therefore, percents do not always sum to ~easons gven for not huptng off reservaton ran!=jed from beng afrad of physcal harm (285%) to beng satsfed wth Results on-reservaton huntng There were 75 (83%) respondents to the queston- When trbal members dd nares, yeldng a response rate go off reservaton the majorty of 4-29<rp- Of those had no such problems Most respondents 98% hunted people who experenced prodeer n 984 -f a person dd blems felt that ther lack of not hunt further nformaton knowledge of publc land was was nether requred nor ac the prmary cause Others h<d cepted pro_blems wth -the" per Generally huntng was n mtrregstraton system frequent durng the late wnter (357%), ant-ndan atttudes ~, sprng and early summer and (296%) or harassment from :~ : began to ncrease nj~te sum-,~on-tr~bal :rpembers or, WDN~ ~, mer durng the fr_c;fjy season, conser>~aton wardens (269%)! would need to be satsfed; An 7% of the total trbal harvest estmaton of total need for Therefore, deer harvest by deer :by the respondents s ~rbal me~bers d_dnot occur_ 2462 ( ) - m proj?ortjon to tnbal eff~rt, Rather a complex com bnaton of factors nfluence trbal harvest levels The three most mportant factors appear to be deer de-nsty,proxmty to the reservatons and the area of publc and~ At ths early stage t s not possble to explan the exact relatonshps between these tlree factors The unts wth the larges( trbal deer harvest all have relatvely hgh deer denstes, are close to l or more reservatons, and have large areas of publc land- Other unts, whch may have much publc and and whch are close to reservatons, but have low qeer denst~s yelded low harvests (eg unt 29b) Unts wth ngh deer densty and much publc l~nq but far from reservatons also had low trbal harvest (eg~ urlt45) -, Season Recommendatons Based on the results of 2 years of experence and"the results of 2 questonnare; there are a few modfcatons n the 984 season whch appear necessary Season tmng was much mproved n 984 over 983, hurt n late s umner should-be::, however,t~e,9pportur:tty( to~ The most frequently hunted The percent of respondents gven to trbal menbers n, months were Noves:nber ndcatng that they harvested order to reflect tradton, (937%)and October (578%) a deer off reservaton was Shnng-and-huntng frorn The favorte huntng 449% t appears that 834% vehcles are mp 9rtmt method was by foot The ma- of the successful hunters methods whch have ther: roots jorty of the hunters ndcated responded to the questonthat n tradton and _are _wdespread they hunted durng a drve nare Usng ths nformaton practces today on reservaton or, to a-lesser extent from a the best estmate of the total lands These methods should vehcle Approxmately 25% of deer harvest on or off reservathe _be ncluded n future seasons respondents ndcated they ton s 392 (6/834) The number of deer hunted f-om a tree or at nght_ allocated to trbes appears suf; whle shnng Few people The questl6n concernng fcent to meet trbal needs n hunted from a boat or over the number of addtonal deer_ a state where 25, plus bat Generally, methods whch needed for a trbal member to, deer are harvested annually a were frequently marked on be satsfed was also examned few hundred or thousand more the mal questonnare were for dfferences between sue- would not adversely affect deer also those methods used by cesful and unsuccessful numbers or state lkensecl successful deer hunters hunters The average number hunter succe$s However, the The,percent of of addtonal deer needed f~>r permt system employed by respondents to the mal survey the j 7 successful hunters to the trbes n 984 was unduly usng one of the 5 weapon be satsfed was 35 Ths was restrctve t accomplshed ts types was very smlar to the sgnfcantly more than the objectve of lmtng antlerless regstraton nformaton There average of2 a ddtonal deer harvest tobelow quota lev_els were, however, relatvely more needed n order for the 252 un- - t also severely lmted hunter bow hunters than people who successful hunters to be -opportunty regstered deer shot wth a bow satsfed (P ), The total s ome accommodaton and arrow; ndcatng the number of deer needed for should be made for those trbal relatve neffcency of ths respondents to be satsfed was rnembers lvng off the reserva, method 3 n order to extrapolate ton and havng to travel long The total deer kll reported ths number, we must adjust dstances to obtan tags a,nd by 37 successfal respondents for the respons bas of sue-- regster deer Perhaps regstra" was 6 Ths yelds 3 7 deer cessful hunters Therefore:the ton stat-ons could be harvested per successfuj addtonal number of deer establshed outsde the reserneeded respondent and a success rate for all successful vat_ons to gve members the of 449% (37/75) Extrapola hunters was 99 (827f834) and opportunty to regster a deer ton of ths nformaton t() ~ estma~e J: < :, "" l l total trbal harve~! 5 (474/429) for unsuc- closer to ther pla<:e of, cessful hunters The total resdence :, ; f-, - ~ f ~/:; J~~;~4}:: - : JtC ~ OQ - ""~- ~~~DOOGf tottr;aa >, j" ; loo loyof WC!""\~ ~ ~ _ - _, Fpre 6 Wbcon\n"96 whl~alcd deer monjcmcnl uo_l>: j j GUFW_C nland Wldlfe Bologsts, from _the left, Jonathan Gllb~r~ and Tm ~n~r}k : T, :

9 , Trb~l judges met once >art of the, Great Lakes Trbal agan to move towards the for- Judges Assocaton Wthn maton of the Great Lclkes ther own ranks are several T~bal Judges Assocaton hghly qualfed traners who They ~et on March 6tl) ~t could ntate tranng K weenaw Bay, M workshop~ for judges and Addr~ssngthe assembled clerks judges was Lorrane Roussea u A not h er reason for the from the Northern Plans Trbal Assocaton s pr~vde a forum Judges Assocaton Rousseau for trbal judges toopenly explaned the functon of Nor dscuss problems and concerns thern Plans and proposed that, whch they confront n trbal the Great Lakes judges con- court and seek nput from ther sodate wth the Northe rn peers Pl?ns organzaton The assocaton wll also :However, the judges be strvng to renew nterest n decded to contnue wth the the Natonal Trbal Judges formaton of ther own regonal Assocaton organzaton They wll be meetng agan on Aprl 9th n The Great Lakes Assoc,a- Mnneapols for the purpose of ton wll be the fourth trbal electng offcers and forma lz- judges assodator n the coun~ ng the Assocator try Currently, there are the One ofthereasons for the Northwest Trbal Judges Assocaton, and for the com Assocaton, the Southwest mttment to reman regonal, s,trbal Judges Assocatqn, and to be able to provde tranng the Northern Plans Trbal for trbal court staff close to ~udges Assocaton home Currently, rnuch of the Those present at the tranng needed s only meetng also dscussed the up alalab~e on the west_ coast comrgtranngsesson n Mn Trbal judges from neapols, on Aprl and th, Mch\gan, Mnnesota, Wscon for trbal court clerks and sn and possbly llnos wll be judges,r RE D CLFF FSHERES : ~ ERF:RS TORALLY Equal Rghts For Everyone (ERFE), a 4, member Wsconsn and n:a tona! organzaton, wll span sor a publc "Rghts Rally~ at noon on Aprl9 nhayward Commtments from ; persons must be receved by the frst week n AprU for the rally to go on Federal and state representatves have sad they are wllng to attend f commtments are reached, accordng to Paul R Mullaly, ERFE presdent Persons nterested should call , or wrte ERFE, Rt, Hayward, W March Box 3 Herbster, W TO THE EDTOR Dear Edtor: The Department of Energy (DOE) s comng to Ashland on Aprl 9, 986 The DOE wll conduct a publc hearng at Ashland Hgh School The publc hearng wll begn at 5: pm DOE s tryng to sell" us a radoactve waste dump Ths radoactve waste dump wll have to last thousands and thousands of years before the area mght be safe for humans and anmals Never mnd the fact that 7% of DOE mones are spent on mltary projects Pay no attenton to the deplorable condtons found n Washngton State at the DOE Hanford radoactve storage faclty gnore the gant corporatons (Bechtel, Bat tele, and the power companes) who are tryng to sell the radoactve waste repostory project (a nuke dump) as a safe dea Forget about the poltcans who are content to gnore the real ssue of radoactve waste producton and scream "not n my backyard" Forget allthe arguments the posturng and consder only the future How can a "government "of the pea, pe, for the people, by the people" gnore the futljre for short terrn gans Ths repostory wll need to last for thousands and thousands of years Do we actually want to leave ths foolshness as our legacy? Fra nk K Koehn Ctzens Concerned About Radoactve Waste Jarvest and Assessment of 6% decrease n fshng effort Lake Trout Spawnng Assess- Fsh Stocks By l,ake Whtefsh, sscowet, and chubs ment Superor Chppewasln the all experence, sgnfcant WsconslnWaters of Lake declnes n harvestng whle Snce 98, Red Clff Fsheres Superor, 985 lake trout and herrng reman- Department has assessed by ed smlar to,last years totals, hstorcally known lake trout Charles H Bronte The only speces to show any spawnng stes n the western Red Clff Fsheres ncrease n harvest was Apostles slands n 985, a Department,, walleye Catch per unt of effort total of 28,8 feet of 4 2 nch Red Clff Band of Lake was down 27% for whtefsh, gll net was lfted between Bark j Superor Chppewas however catch per effort Pont and Raspberry sland at Bayfeld, W 54~4 generally ncreased for all 4 separate locatons A total other targeted speces of 398 fsh were captured : The major factor affectng representng an over-all catch The Red Clff and Bad the above changes n the trbal per effort of 38 fsh/ Rver Bands e>f Lak~ Superor commercal fshery s the par f~et As n prevous years, the Chppewas lcense and tcjpaton of the better and hghest catch per efforts were regulate commercal and sub-! more a~aressve fshermen n generally observed at near sstence fshng,by trbal the developng nter-trbal shore locatons whle off shore members n the Apostle :; fsheres n the Mchgan stes experenced the lowest, r s,, / ccaw, FORMED _, A promnant ChppeV:,a Sorre of the objectves spokesman, James Schlender, whch were approved were: Lac Courte Orelles; was -,;-- Partcpatng n the ste elected Char!an of a regonal revew process board formed to assst n "the :-- Organzng opposton to revew and coordnaton of the the bural of nuclear waste n: rado-actve waste stng pro Wsconsn cess around the Puttan -=- Formaton of a lason bet Batholth regon The board s ween northern Wsconsn called Ctzens Concerned resdents, Jnd\an trbes and the About Radoactve Waste Wsconsn Radoactve Waste (CCARW) Revew Board The possble canddacy of _ Recognton of the need to the Purtan Batholth, whch s support measures to elmnate, located n Bayfeld, Ashland, the producton of nuclear; ron, and Sawyer countes, has waste provoked the concejn of -: Coordnaton of the efforts numberous area resdents, and concerns pf all ndvduals: many of whom E:ame to ~m organzatonal meetng at and: Coordnaton ofth~ efforts Telemark Lodge, Cable on and corcerns of all ndvduals March st and groups concerned about The results of the meetng nuclear waste ssues was the electon of an ex- Schlender commented the ecutve board whchwll serve group wll befocusng on pro for a sk-month term Those motng publc nvolvement and elected nclude James awareness of the testmony to Schlender as Charman: vce be heard by Department of charperson Jm Lee, En"ergy representatves n Ashland: Gayle Johnson, Ojb- Ashland on Aprl 9th t s wa; Kathy Duffy, Exeland; crucal that the areasctjz4:mry Gene Csewsk, Hurley; Tom express ther objectons and Hastngs, Hayward; Frank concerns at that hearng," he Kehn, Herbster: Tm Ross, sad, ccarw s dong fs best Hayward, Tm Ross, Hayward, to nsure a good ~urn-out at and John Stoessel, ron Rver that meetng, because DOE Pat Sherdan, Port Whg, has to know that we, the was elected secretary, and ctzens of ths egqn do not Steve Drug, Exeland, as want & wll nottolerate;a hgh- treasurer level nuclear waste dsposal A major part of the dscus ste n northern Wsco nsn" son focused on the purpose Schlender can be con~ and goals of the board, wth tacted at the LCO Trbal Gover- consderable debate among nng Board, Rt 2, BoK 27 partcpants on the ssue of op Hayward or phone posng nudear waste produc for more nfor- ~JlaS well as the locaton of a maton : du"!jlp ste n the area --- slands regon of Lake waters of Lake Superor along catchrates The hghest abun,superol Durng the 985 ~the Keweenaw Pennsula: Wth dance was recorded at Squaw fshng season, ; whch runs the expanson of ths fshery Pont at 63 fsh/ feet, ~ _ from November 28, 984 to and the mpendng reductons followed by ~ark Pont at 38 Commercal fshng boats wll soon be freed of therlc~ shackles and be plyng the open November 29, 985, a total of n lake trout extractons trbal and Squaw Bay Caves at 3 water of Lake Superor for catches of lake trout and whtefsh 2 "large boat" and 24 "small fshng ~ffort and catches n Reproductve potental usng boat" were ssued by the Red the Apostle slands are ex:!;ecks (979) catch per effort / Clff and Bad Rver Fsheres pected to decrease agan n crtera was consdered ex / Departments All f!lhng doe 986, cellent at Squaw Pont, good at, wth bottom set glfnets wth For the 986 fshng year, Squaw Bay Caves, Roman lcensee actvty levels {angng Red Clff has ssued large Pont, and Bark Pont, and far from nactv~ to very actve boat and 2 small boat permts or poor at all other locatons n yea( round wth Bad Rver ssung an add eludng Eagle sland Shoal,_,_ Total harvest, obtaned tonal 5 large bpat and smal whch hstorcally was known from mandatory daly catch boat Snce January of 985, to baa major spawnng area for ~~~~::"",",,: " reports; was approxmately both trbes have J?een lake trout Natves and females ~:r- 285, lbs composed of sx :negotatng a new Lake comprsed only 6 and J,(,> prncple sp ecjes Lake <Superor Fshng Agreement 28% of the spawners, Whtefsh comprse~ 4 cr~ Qf :wth the State of Wsconsn respectfully, the total harvest, followed ~y : Whle a draft of~ new, y~ar Comparsons betwe~n lean, lake trout (37%), and: accordhas:alreadybeendr~wn prevo~s xears ndcate that, chubs (%) Natve or~wjd, up f~alzat?n of t~e agree :s~mplmgm 985measured~p lake trout comprsecf 39% of ment S pendmg ~ Sl~ned, the parent decreases m the rela!lve the Jake trout catch :: / new agreement Wll mcjude a abundances Of tote!, natve, Low or non,e)!:sta n~ < 42~: reducton n the totaj take and female spawnng lake market demand precltde~; ; trout harvest~y al_l gro,ups a t~outpecrea_sed stockng rates large scale effort toward lake, 95 m2 addton ~o Devls smce the m~d 97s ~nd n herrng and sscowets; p un :;: l,sland Refu~e,, along tle crease~ fshmg m~rtalty are dages t d h r e m a n Jy : : so uthwestern bol:ndry, a; 3 most hkely responsble for the ~me e reflect mcuen ~~ t a : ca t ch e:: : n ef~! t2 deleton of th~ Gulrtsland,, noted declnes fort :drected ;: bw~rds}:~ther/r Re~uge along ts : southe~n (Edlt~rsN_ote:Brontealsohasreportson : spe Th =: t : boundry assessmentflshmgm,,thedevf/,sfslandre(ugeassessments c_es etota 98,,,arves,,, : the4fk~tr6utdetsurjey) :: :: o for all speces :represents: a ~ ~~equ~meg~mba~ to establlsh : r:~ ~ : < <>;: ::: l:r ~Ota) fshng effor(of, approx~ : tpbaljsheresforyejo~perch,: :: : ~ : : ~ : <~}: ~ately,6 mll~n gllre!lfeet >,,and _waheye:; an~ more<: : 2J f ; \;: ~: ~~-;~ hfted,,,, :> :, :cooperatve efforts ~et\veen : ~ C:ompulson wth: 984 ~:\,:J;;th~ t~bes:~odthe state:!njaw: < : : : dcated a 4o/o r~~uc~c;>ll n;! :~_n(ord~~ent and fsh reso~r~e, > ::: < : ;>,, A trout arrves flopplrg fresh through a fsher,mans hole n t~~ ce Comme~clal fshng s a year-round job, as s assessment, : :,- r r \,,, r totallandng~ ~e,~u~~j~~j~~~;~:~( n~~ntp~ ~s: :, ::; :\ ~~ :: ~:::, :,, : : : : j! r ~ ~ -- -~, --~-, " ---~ : ~--- ~ <r!_:- ~l_:----~ _ :_ J - -_-~, - J!, :

10 Excerpted from Savng Northwest Fsh The Columba Basn The Pacfc Salmon Treaty and the Future by - S Tmothy Wapafo Executve Drector Columba Rver nter-trbal Fsh Commsson (CR!TFC) ; (O;/~ n CRTFC,Jndthc Fly RsJcr) coordnateq management The pcture was clear Col Chnook: Onder the Unted The Pacfc Salmon Treaty Coalton structure Wth ths legslaton umba basn salmon were n States-Canada Pacfc Sal~on and the Power Act, regonal dretrouble n the frst years of Treaty, whch was ratjfed n From the process that fsh managers at last had ths decade, and the sole solu March 985, chnook fsheres engendered the treaty come a a!most all the necessary tools ton to the ocean problem was n Canada and Alaska were number of addtral benefts, agences to de~elop a ~ ~: Canadctn waters The Treaty to produce a new era for the an nternatonal agreement a reduced by about 25 percent foremost of whch s the sub Northwests n-ryer fsheres treaty to cut salmon ntercep (some 4, fsh) n 985, ject of these paragraphs E-ary Stll mssng however, tons n the northern Pacfc and wll be reduced by the n 985, Northwest trbes, was the "ocean connecton"; A Ocean same percentage n 986 Oregon/Washngton non~ mechansm had yet to be After 986, fsheres wll be ndan fshermen: conserva desgned that would solve the lmted to whatever numbers The Pacfc Salmon Comms tonsts, busnesses, ctes, n the past few years the problem of ocean ntercepton are necessary for rebuldng son: How the Treaty Wll countes, port authortes, world of Pacfc Northwest and overharvest of Columba stocks by 998; at whch tme Operate bologsts, and fsh agences: : salmon and steel head manage basn salmon Tryng for a Treaty the current harvest dstrbuton " formed a coalton that became ment has changed dramatcal ~ ratos wll also have changed: The Pacfc Salmon Treaty a pvotal faetor n brngng ly from ts decades of futlty r The Unted States and more chnook from the lower Act, Congresss enablng about the treaty and ts ratfca o combattng- resource declne Canada had dscussed~the need -three states wll be caught by legslaton passed r March of ton And by the way, the Two key thngs hwe happen- At Sea on the Ocean for a Pacfc salmon ntercep fsherment n those states than 985 concomtant wth Federaton of Fly Fshers, par- ed: frst the UntedStates has ~~ ton agreement snce 97, but by Brtsh Columban and ratfcaton, places prncpal tcularly Washngton clubs and sgned a treaty wth Canada about the same tme Congress the talks had made lttle pro Alaskan harvesters Unted States responsbhty for leaders, were key players the and enacted other laws that de was changng the framework gress: they were focused on on- Coho: The treatys conser the treatys mplement~ton on coaltons success As the Nor mand strong protecton for for fsheres management ly a few stocks prmarly vaton measures are not only Oregon, Washngton, Alaska, lhwests Congressonal delega, anadromous fsh resources: se wthn the basn, nformaton Fraser Rver sockeye and pnk ndspensable for chnook, but and 24 ndan treaty trbes A ton wll tell you, when the en,- cond most ofthe regons non was obtaned on catch dstrbu salmon and lttle attenton was also for coho, wth emphass blateral forum, the PacfC tre salmon-and-steelhead- : ndan and ndan fshery n- t on of salmon stocks gven to Northwest chnook on naturally spawnng popula Salmqn Commsson, s tte m dependent communty speaks terests have learned to work orgnatng n the upper two Wth new knowledge of nor tons Lke chnook, col:lo are plementaton vehcle The wth one voce the poltcans together and are realzng the thrds of the Columba basn, thern ocean nterceptons, both an mportant sport fsh Unted States secton -of the st up and,lsten tremendous- benefts of where runs were the: most delegates from the Columba and a valuable commercal commsson has three votng The P,acfc Salmon Treaty cooperatve rather than com pettve -- management The trbes and nany other groups ncludng promnently the _- Federaton of Fly Fshers can clam credt for thesp changes As my frehd and colleague Bl ly Frank charman of thenon thwest ndan Fsheres Com msson would say: "f the salmon could talk he~d be tha:kng us :oooo: New Laws for Samon and Steel head Protecton ~~~ ~~ When the Northwest Power Act was passed n 98 t was haled as the best hope for Columba, Rver basn salmon and steelhead n at Jeast-5 years The act proms ed that for the frst tme sn:ce severely depressed The new Rer trbes Nez Perce, speces and durng the last members, representng the 24 Coalton forged new data showed that Columba Umatlla Warm Sprngs and year or two of treaty neg~ta trbes, Oregon and Washngton understandngs between Rver chnook were heavly - Yakma began n 98 to tons, the stuaton for coho jontly, and Alaska plus a nc;>n former antagonsts between harvested by ocean fshng make a case n the treaty began to resemble the chnook votng federal representatve fshery managers ard users, n {leets not based n _the Nor negotatons for nternatonal crss The -coho stocks n trou- The federal government has dans and non-lndans~ommer: thwest For example almost chnook conservaton ble were prncpally of the rght to ntercede f com cal and sport fshers Havng three of every four fall chnook n 982 wth determned Washngton orgn: Canadan msson decsons do not fulfll acheved the treaty; coalton that spawned uprver n daho, pro9dng by Columba Rver harvests had radcally ncreas the Unted States treaty members decded to contnue Oregon and Washngton were and Washngton coastal trbes ed whle escapements to oblgatons The commssons workng together, dropped the caught by fshermen from out both natons acknowledged the Washngton rvers plummeted Canadan secton wll be pat word treaty from ther name; sde the Columba basn; over exstence of a chnook conser_ As much as 9 percent of terned along sml~r lnes and arepursung: among other 4 percent of the catch went to vatn crss ndeed t had Canadas overau coho catch Representaton and votng ssues, hgh-seas nterceptons Canadan fshermen, and about become evdent that the crss was thought to be of Unted procedures of the Unted of Northwest salmon and 35 percent to the southeast was not only on the Columba States fsh States secton requre that steelhead: Recent studes show Alaska fleet The Columbas Rver but extended coastwde n response to ths pro trbes and states overate as that between fve and ten per~ uprver summer chnook also Many chnook stocks for Puget hlem the treaty establshes equals Because the secton cent of Columba Rver underscored the gravty of the Sound coastal Washngton 985 and 986 coho catch cel- wll make ts decsons by con steel h ~ad are taken by stuaton: although n-rver and northern Oregon coastal ngs for the Canadan troll sensus, the treaty structure s Japanese (and to a lesser ex fsheres had been vrtually rvers were also bg con- fshery off the coast of Van one of equal barg;;tnng power, tent, Korean and Tawanese) elmnated on these crtcally trbutors to Alaskan and <:;an couver sland, where most and was c;lesgned to facltate factory shps,operatng n the low stocks, the CO)lbned \ dan harvests: about 56 percent Washngton prod-t:rlted coho far negotatons ana com- Pacfc outsde the Unted Alaskan and Brtsh Columban of the harvest of Puget Sounds are ntercepted (The celng promse States 2 mle lmt The -harvest annually clamed about chnook was taken by those represent a sgnngcant reduc The treaty also establshes coalton s urgng the federal 6 percent of the total popula ocean fsheres; the ntercep ton from 983 and 984 catch three regonal panels subor government to pu~ (Hplomat~ hydroelectrc dam construe ton, ton rate for Washngton levels) For 987 and beyond, dnate to the commsson: one or economc pressures on the ton began n the 93s the Northern nterceptons of coastal chnook was about 69 new harvest lmts wll be responsble for Fraser Rver Japanese to cut ther ntercep Coumba and Sn~ke Rvers Columba Rver chnook caus- percent; and between 3 a~d negotated through the Pacfc salmon, and ne each tor stocks tons Workng on ths and would be managed equally for ed more than nequtable 6 percent of northern Salmon Commsson orgnatng north and those other unresolved problems fsh~ and elect-c power daho harvest-sharng Canadas a~d Oregons coastal rver chnook Steel head: The Pacfc! orgnatng south of md that jeopardze Northwest QregoD Washngton, Mont_ana, Alaskas ocean _fsheres could was caught by Canadan and Salmon Treaty breaks new Brtsh Columba A panels job fsheres polluton, hyd~o tbe Columba Rver trbes and not be controlled to conserve Alaskan trollers ground by ncludng a mandate s to sft through techncal and development, anythng else federal fsh agences were depressed stocks Wth Canada The chnook crss became for nternatonal conservaton polcy optons and recommend that damages natural habtat, d~ected to create and mple beyond the jursdcton of the paramount ssue n treaty of steelhead; n whch the m;;magement and conservaton and so forth - the Pacfc ment a comprehensve pro Unted States fsh managers negotatons When the Unted Unted States and Canada measures to the commsson Salmon Coalton can be a gram to remedy the damage to ths country was powerless to States and Canada fnally agree to take coordnated ac Each panel has a secton for postv_e force for ;many_ years fsh runs caused by dams on prevent enormous ncreases n reached agreement n January lon to protect the speces The each country Unted States to come the Columba system Thel act Canadas chnook ntercep 985 ther treaty contaned treaty contans no harvest panel sectons are made up of wll commt an estmated $8 tons; and the North Pacfc strong provsons for conserv regmes for steel head because state federal, trbal, and user: ~ll on or more to ths massve Fshery Management Councl, ng the speces: the two coun- they are not now the target of group representatves; on ts rehabltaton project whch regulates ocean fshng tres have commtted drected nterceptng fsheres, secton of the southern panel, Also passed n 98 was n Unted States waters off themselve to rebuld naturally but t does nstruct the coun for example, ths country has the Salmon and Steel head Alaskas coast, was unwllng spawnng chnotk stocks by tres to guard the fsh from fve fsh managers and one conservaton and Enhance to reduce Alaskan catches 998 and the basc means for such fsheres, shoulq they member formt he recreatonal ~ent Act whch called for Nor when the savngs would only achevng that goal s lmta- take place, and also from n- or commercal fshng nthwest state and trbal fsh be harvested far~her south n to n of ocean nterceptons cdental ocean harvest dustry \,

11 The OS_ Departmen-t_ o t, Wh ere Does Groundwater 9,5;) years Studes are under- ~nergy --(DQE) may b~ld a Come-From? way n the U_S, Canada, h qh-level nuclear waste d,unp Sweden and-swtzerland to test (repostory) n Northern Groundwater co~esjrom ths theory; Wsconsts c:rysfallne precptaton About 75% of bedrock: f radaton escapes - pre cptated water s from the repostory, som~ of evaporated or transpred Why Crystallne Rock? Wsconsns groundwater jmay through plants bacls nto the at- become contamnated \vth nlosdhere Dependn~ on sol Wsconsns crystallne radaton- Ths conta;nnated and geographc condtons the _rock, ncludng grante, s groundwater could d-scharge remanng water ether suns off strong, stable, and relatvely radaton nto our lakes, the land nto surface water mpermeable to groundwater streams, rvers, and wetlands (lakes rvers streams or flow, when not fractured Wsconsn has more than wetlands) or seeps nto the Because of these qualtes; two!nllon-~llon (two, ground Sols wth hgh clay DOE beleves crystallne rock quadrllon) gallons of ground-, co_l;)tent are not very porous; s sutable for nuclear waste water; enoug,h water to cover- water does not seep easly (dsposal and solaton DOE the entre state: thrty feet deep through them On the other admts that radoactve con Seventy perce nt qf hand;;sandysolsallowalotof \Y;sconsn resdents ~nd all ~- seepagelocatons where water rur_al and agrcultural actvtes seeps underground are called depend ory pure groundwater _ recharge areas - Plutonum a majo~ component n_ nuclear waste wll Groundwater Flow Systems reman radoactve for 25, years: other waste products Water seeps through the decay at varyng r~tes _Human s,ol nto the underlyng rocks e~posure to radaton can t moves slowly but contnuously through pores a_nd cause cancer, genetc daryl age _and other dsease : _, _ fractures The rate of flow Groundwater n th~ Upper vares form several feet per day Mdwest s part of thewate; :y- to just a few nches per year cle that feeds the worlds Generally groundwater travels largest so ur~es of fresh faster through porous rock lke tarnna~on Because thck glacal deposts of sol and rock debrs cover much of the states bedrock, scentsts have not been able to fully study rock of groundwater _ fractures and groundwater flow systems n-crystallne rocks mght occur at deep Jevels, but says that radaton wll have decayed to safe levels by the tme t reaches the hu!tlan envronment DOE bases ths assumpton on the fact that groundwater moves very slowly through unfractured crystal!-_ ne rock How Fast Could Groundwater Travel? Aqufers When all the spaces n the r9ck are saturated wth water, t s called the saturated zone The upper surface of the saturated zone s called the water table When a rock or sol layer s capable of storng, transmttng or yeldng water s called an aqufer Vrtually all of Wsconsn s underlan by one or several aqufers water;_;the Great Lakes ~basn sandstone than through rock Several scentsts agree and the Msssspp Rver wth small pores lke wth DOE Many other scenwatershe~:l ~evere polluton of crystallne rock But ground- tsts, however, queston DOEs Groundwater Polluton groundwater could ev~ntually water flows faster f there are - assumpton, because current Pollutants n the ar, on affect the water: supply of the fractures n the rock feld research _shows that the land or underground can entre regon Groundwater flows from crystallne rock contans c<>m- leach nto groundwater Once upland recharge areas to pex natural fracture systems groundwater has been con- lowland dscharge areas, such n addton, excavatng a deep t!lmnated, t s very dffcult as, lakes streams sprngs geologcal repostory below and expensve to clean up To _ rvers, and many wetlands Where the water table, may create assure clean groundwater n the water table meets the land even more fractures the future, we must protect ts surface Wsconsn s concerned qualty rght now ~ r about these scentfk uncer Mult-Barrer System tantes f rra(:lated ground- Bured Nuclear Waste? water travels from the DOEs theory s that repostory below the water Crystallne rock bodes n several barrers wthn the table, t may create even more Northern Wsconsn are under repostory wll keep radaton fractures consderaton by the DOE for a away from the huma n envron- Wsconsn s concerned 4 acre hgh-level nuclear, mentbarrers nclude the aj>out these scentfc uncer- waste repostory The What s Groundwater? _wast~ canster, a seres of ce- tantes f rradated ground- repostory about a half mle - mert and steel <>verpacks, and water travels from the deep would contan a seres of Ground~ater s storec n the rock tself Although the repostory to the surface en- tunnels wth holes drlled nto pores (t-ny spaces) and frac- waste wll reman dangerously vronment, t mght con the floor waste bural Hghtures (larger spaces) n sol and _radoactve for at least, lamnate the Great Lakes an! level waste s spent fuel from bedrock, lke a ~ponge absorb years most: scentsts agree the Msssspp Rver water commercal reactors and waste ng and : transmt-tng water that the canster, and overpack basns for thousands of years from the manufacture of Contrary to common myth, systems wll contan the rada~ f you are concerned about nuclear weapons -groundwater does oot flow n ton for only about 5 years potentaj- groundwater con- (Credt to Meg Wse of Wsconsn Rado, some arge mysterous The rock s expected to contan lamnaton, now s the tme to Aclve Waste Revew Board) underground rver ; - : the radaton for the remanng nform yourself, _ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~!~ ~ -* ~! ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ +: " : ~, - -~ " """"""" ~ - ~- +~~- ~, ~ ~, ~ ~ ~ We cannot ~fford apathy about treaty-c-eded lands :, \ l HEARNG APRL 9 AM(JSF~ r - -,, \ E CANT HA~ : UR CHLDREN _ NHERT A DfACLY MSTN JOJN PKctF-CT -~,~, " fururr - :-::-:-,- E,-----_,- \: <t_,j _, - [) ;\, - Jr _- ~ -D_--_o N - r : t ~ -- s -~ ~ : DuMP~ onus~, )!: ~ ; _ r ~ :, : :;,,_,, ~ :, - \, --~ : ),

12 REGONAL, BOARD (CCARW) AGANST DUMP STE \! :), -, MASNAGAN PA~E 2 The need for a massve masse; even f they do not gve door-to-door the cty wth the publc turn-out ~t the Depart testmony The presence of flyer n order to help promote CCARW executve commt~ee members work at plans to promote a publc turn~~ut ~t the ment of Energys (DOE) hear numbers of people ORposng attendanc~ at the Apdl 9th Aprl 9th DOE hearng at the Ashland Hgh School gym From the left are: Jn Lee~ ng on a radoa ctve waste the ste, even though they do meetng Ashland; Jm Schlender, CCARW charman, Lac Courte Orelles; and Pat Sherdan, CCARW repostory n our area was one not speak at the hearng, wll Another communty effort secretary, Port Wng of the major ssues dscussed g ve the DOE representatves a towards publc educaton s be- by the executve commttee of message that the communty- ng run through CCARW ex, f*******************************************************~"- Ctzens Concerned About at-large wll not tolerate the ecutve commttee member lt lt ~~~~~a%:~ F~~:~e e~~~~~~~ d~m~~~~h;e~::~~r <f concern ~~:n~~~e~~~u~~rb:t~~r~~eho~ : Ctzens Concerned:Abouf Radoacty~,:W ~ste : ~~~~~ ~ oppo;>ton to the proposed Schlender emphaszed that Waste Revew Boards slde and!! nuclear waste durpp ste n the testmony does not have to be tape program, * * Purtan Batholth, affectng of techncal nature, but should To date Koehn reported!! Ashland Bayfeld, Sawyer, and express at least one reason why that he has made appearances * * ron Countes the ndvdual testfyng would ~n Herbster Port Wng, and one! March 8 986! CCARW also acts as a be adversely affected by the :schedul~d at the Hghbrdge source of publc nformaton stng of a, radoactve }Yaste Towo Hall on March 3st * Dear Neghbor: * regardng the proposed ste dump n the area Koehn says he s hopeful!! and as a lason between the The Aprl 9th hearngs are that he wll have the program * Dd you know that the Unted States Department of Energy (DOE) has desgated parts of * communty and the Wsconsn Rad oadve Waste Revew schedule~ to begn at 5 p:m at n both Mellen and Gldden n! Ashland, Bayfeld, and Sawyer Countes as a potental radoactve waste dump? Dd you know!_ the Ashland Hgh School gym the near future Any organza-! that the stes selected by DOE wll contan very hgh l~vel radoactve wastes that wll be hazar! Board (WRARB) nasum Accordng to ton wshng to vew the * dous to our envronment for the next,years Dd you know that~oooo ~crescons~med * Jm Lee CCARW ~x- Schlender, persons wshng to slde/tape presentaton on the! by a dump ste would be four tmes the _sze of the Cty of As_hland~ sxteen tmes thesaze of! ecutve commttee member, testfy should reserve a tme ssue of radoactve waste Hayward, and wll be located only 4 mles from Lake Supenor? r~ported that an nformatonal slot by contactng the DOE storage should contact Frank * We are concerned resdents because we dont know what effect a radtoactjve waste dump * leuer has been composed, Chcago Operatons Offce, Koehr at Koehn! wll h~ve on our fsh and wldlfe populaton We dont know what damage splled radoadve! regardng the ssue of the can- Crystallne Repostory Project says that he s makng the * waste <:ould do to our precous groundwater We dont know the mp~ct that ths wll have on * ddate radoactve waste dump Offce Attn: Hear,ng Regstrar presentatons as part of tt~e! area busnesses and the local economy We dont know the safety and securt~ problems that! ste n the regon and nform- 9,8 Cass Avenue, Argonne work of CCARWs sub * 27 or more truckloads of nuclear waste each day-everyday of the year~wll P?S~ for the lt ng people about the DO~s LL 6439, or call that offce commttee on the producton! government or resdents of the area We dont know whether the DOE can gua~antee s~fety_for! schecluled hearng on Aprl Durng the course of Fr of hgh-level radoactve waste lt the next ten thousand years - :, * 9th The letter wll be mass: days meetng the CtARW ex, Another part ofccarws! We do know that the proposed ste ~ll be at the he~dwaters of the Chppewa,: the! maled n qrder to promote the ~cutve commttee endorsed a work s the dentfcaton of * Flambeau, the llamekagon and the Bad Rvers and that waters flow from the proposed ste n lt necess~ry attendance at the proposal presented by Rck stes whch were mned or drll! all four drectons We do know that the Space Shuttle program demonstrates that falure from! meetng and prepare the pl\blc Olvo Ashland to canvass the ed especally where dynamte * even a small nexpensve part can cause catastrophc consequences and tha~ safety d:msdera: * to make testmony cty of Ashland wth a flyer was used n the process As! tons can be compromsed by human errors n judgement! We do know that conc~rns rased! CCARW Charman Jm perhaps the letter already com part of the research, CCARW lt already by state governments have chast zed the DOE for beng less than truthful n provdng * Schlender later stated that the posed by CCARW Olvo sad has sent out a letter to all! vtal nformaton, We do know that the DOE wll choose a dump ste that poses the least:! board s concerned frst of all that he would organze a group drllers n the area hopng as a * poltcal problems fromarea resdents and that our area has one of the lowest populatof:s of * that ctzens do attend en from Northland Coll~ge to help stable ste for a dump! any proposed stes! * We n~ed your help! The US Department of Energy s holdng a publc hearng on *! Wednesday, Aprl 9th at the Ashland Hgh School Gym, beg_nnng at 5: PJV\ Your atten-! * dance s crucal! You can testfy f you wsh to voce your concerns or ask questons, but f you * * vtally nterested n keepng our northwoodsclean n case you cannot make t to the hearng, *! you can lsten to lve coverage of the event on WOJB, 889 FM, broadcastng from Reserve,! * Wsconsn Also f you cannot attend you can wrte drectly to DOE Ther address s US *! Department of Energy, Chcago Operatons Offce, Crystallne Repostory Project Offce, Alln:!! dont wsh to speak please come anyway because your presence wll show that we are a people } * Hearng Regstrar 98 S Cass Auenue, Argonne, llnos 6439 You can also wrte your lt : senalor and congressman, bul do so before June l sl : Sncerely, * Pat Sherdan, Secretary *! Ctzens Concerned About! Radoactve Waste,,_,,,,,,* * PS: Pay attenton to posters, ads, and local rado anno(!ncements n case the scheduled *! tme or place for the DOE hearng changes! * : lt * * ~~~-* * * *!**************~*****************************************! : ~ ~~ : : Attendng tlle OOEpresertatJortln Wausau are~ from tleeft,,davd Segler; GLFwC polcy analyst; Howard Bchler, St _: >:<:ro~x trbal attorney; and Ca~dy J~okson, Bad Rver trbal attorney -:_ :,: ~, : f j",