Ridgeway Shotokan Karate Club KARATE TERMS
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1 RSKC Ridgeway Shotokan Karate Club KARATE TERMS ALL THE TERMS YOU NEED TO KNOW! The following pages give you all the Japanese Terms you will need to get to black belt, read these often, even if only a few words at a time to remember. 1
2 Contents Kumite - Sparring 3 Fighting Postures - Kamae 3 Stances - Dachi 4 Foot Techniques/Kicking - Ashi Waza 5 Parts of the Foot 6 Karate Blocks 7 Hand Techniques - Te Wasa 8 Directions to Strike 9 Areas to Strike 10 Karate Glossary 11 Counting 12 2
3 Kumite - Sparring Ippon kumite Jiyu ippon Jiyi kumite Kihon ippon Kumite Randori One point (attack) sparring (defender blocks and counter attacks) One step sparring from free stance Hard and fast controlled free style fighting Basic one step sparring Sparring Slow and soft free style sparring with emphasis on technique Fighting Postures - Kamae The fighting postures (Kamae, sometimes also Kame ) include the position of the arms and legs as well as the body angle and center of gravity. For example, Gedan No Kame is a lower level fighting posture, with the legs in Shiko Dachi (thus the centre of gravity quite low), body angled at 45 (or even 90 degrees) and the arms ready to respond to lower and middle level attacks. Gedan no kamae Chudan no kamae Hanmi no kamae Jodan no kamae Kame Morote no kamae Shizen dachi no kamae Lower level fighting posture Middle level fighting posture Half forward facing fighting posture Upper level fighting posture Fighting posture Augmented hand fighting posture Natural fighting posture 3
4 Stances - Dachi Bensoku dachi Fudo dachi Hachiji dachi Han zenkutsu dachi Hachiji dachi Heiko dachi Heisoku dachi Kiba dachi Kokutsu dachi Musubi dachi Neko ashi dachi Renoji dachi Sanchin dachi Sesan dachi Shiko dachi Zenkutsu dachi Turning cross leg stance Free stance Natural stance (feet shoulder width apart toes slightly pointed out) Half front stance (Short Zenkutsu dachi) Natural stance (feet shoulder width apart toes slightly pointed out) Parallel stance (feet shoulder width apart) Closed foot stance (feet together) Horse riding stance (feet parallel) Back stance Formal attention stance (feet together) Cat stance The letter L stance Hourglass stance Side facing straddle stance Straddle leg stance (horse stance feet at 45 degrees) Front stance 4
5 Foot Techniques/Kicking - Ashi Waza Ashi means foot in Japanese, and Geri (sometimes also spelled Keri ) means kick. Ashi barai Fumikomi geri Hiza geri Kansetsu geri Keri (Geri) Kakato geri Kin geri Mae geri (Keage) Mae geri (Kekomi) Mae tobi geri Mawashi geri Nidan geri Ren geri Tsumasaki mae geri Ura yoko geri Ushiro geri Yoko geri (Keage) Yoko geri (Kekomi) Yoko tobi geri Foot sweep Heel stamping kick Knee kick Knee joint kick Kick Heel of foot kick Groin kick (Haisoku, instep) Front kick (snap) Front kick (thrust) Jumping front kick Round house kick Double front snap kick (Back leg first) Double front snap kick (Front leg first) Front kick with tips of toes Spinning side kick Back thrust kick Side snap kick Side thrust kick Jumping side kick 5
6 Parts of the Foot Haisoku Hiza Koshi Kakato Sokuto Tsumasaki Instep Knee Ball of the foot Heel of the foot Foot edge Tip of the toes Karate Blocks Uke means block in Japanese, and can be performed with hands, arms, legs and feet. Ashi barai Age uke (Jodan uke) Rising block (Upper block) Chudan suki uke Chudan shotei yoko uke Chudan uke Chudan uchi uke Gedan barai Gedan uchi barai Haisoku barai Hiji uke Hiki uke Blocking sweep Knee Ball of the foot Middle scooping block Middle level open hand block Inside circular block Outside forearm block (Middle Block) Downward block (Lower block) Downward block (Fom outside inward) Instep block (Inside to outside) Elbow block Open hand pulling grasping block 6
7 Karate Blocks cont... Hiza uchi uke Hiza soto uke Kake uke Ko uke Kosa uke Mawashi uke Morote uke Otoshi uke Shotei gedan bari Shotei otoshi uke Shotei uke Shuto uke Sokutei harai uke Tora guchi Uchi uke Ura uke Knee block (Blocking outside to inside) Knee block (Blocking inside to outside) Open hand hooking block Wrist block Cross block arms crossed at wrist Round house block with two hands Reinforced block Blocking downward with palm heel Open hand downward block Open hand dropping block Palm heel block Knife hand block Block with sole of the foot (Outside to inside) Circular double block to gedan and jodan Inside forearm block Back hand block 7
8 Hand Techniques - Te Wasa Te means hand in Japanese, and Kara-Te is often reported to mean empty hand. Zuki (often also spelled tsuki) means punch. Often the same technique is referred to by different names, for example, for the elbow strike you may find the Japanese terms Empi Uchi, Hiji Uchi, or Hiji Ate that all usually mean the same thing! Age zuki Awase zuki Boshiken zuki Choku zuki Chudan zuki Empi uchi Furi zuki Gyaku zuki Haishu Haito uchi Hasami zuki Heiko zuki Hiji uchi Jodan zuki Kagi zuki Kaiko ken zuki Kizami zuki Kote uchi Ko uchi Rising punch U punch Thumb fist Straight punch Middle level punch Elbow strike Circular punch Reverse punch Back hand Sword ridge hand Scissors punch Parallel punch Elbow strike Upper level punch Hook punch Crab shell fist, four knuckle strike Jab or leading punch Forearm strike Bent wrist strike 8
9 Hand Techniques - Te Wasa cont... Kuma-de Mawashi zuki Nagashi zuki Nakadaka ippon ken zuki Nihon zuki Nukite zuki Oi zuki Sanbon zuki Seiken zuki Shotei uchi Shotei zuki Shuto uchi Tateken zuki Tsuki (zuki) Tettsui uchi Uchi Ura ken uchi Ura zuki Yama zuki Washi de Bear hand Round hook punch Flowing punch Middle finger knuckle punch Double punch Finger thrust Lunge punch Triple punch Fore fist strike Palm heel strike Palm heel thrust Knife hand strike (Karate Chop) Vertical fist punch Punch or thrust Hammer fist strike Strike Back fist strike Short punch (palm up) Mountain punch Eagle hand 9
10 Directions to strike Mae Yoko Mawashi Ushiro To the front To the side Round house (Around) To the rear Areas to strike Jodan Chudan Gedan Upper level, from neck up, Head Middle area, neck to belt, Stomach Lower level, belt down, Groin 10
11 Karate Glossary Karate is usually taught using the original Japanese terms. This table is a glossary where you find a collection of generic terms that occur in a variety of contexts in Karate. Age Ashi o kaete Ashi tanden Atemi Budo Bushi Bushido Rising Change legs (stance) Leg conditioning Art of striking vital points Martial way or Path (Tao in chinese) Martial man, warrior Way of the warrior (Code of conduct) Bunkai Applications of kata Chudan Dojo Gasshuku Gedan Gi or Dogi Go Middle area Martial arts training place Training camp Lower area Karate uniform Hard, rigid Goju-ryu Hard and soft style Gyaku Hara Reverse Central point of body 11
12 Karate Glossary cont... Hari kiri Hajime Hai Hidari Hojo undo Honbu dojo Ie Ju Junbi undo Junbi owarimasu Kakie Kamaete Kame Karate Karate-do Karateka Kata Ki Ki ai Kihon Kime Kohai Mai-ai Mawatte Ritual suicide Begin Yes Left Supplementary exercises Main dojo No Soft, flexible Warm up exercises End of warm up Strength exercise On guard Fighting stance Empty hand The way of karate One who practises karate A set of pre-arranged techniques Spirit,life energy (Chi in Chinese) Shout to focus energy Basic techniques Focus Junior student Fighting distance Turn around 12
13 Karate Glossary cont... Migi Mokuso Morote Muchimi Obi Ritsurei Ryu Samurai Seiken Seiza Sempai Sensei Shihan Shime Soto Tanden Te Te o kaete Uchi Ude Tanden Yame Yoi Zanshin Right Meditation Double or both hands together Heavy sticky feeling Belt Standing bow School or tradition Japanese warrior class of feudal era Fist with focus on first two knuckles Kneeling position Lower dan grade, senior student Instructor/Teacher Master instructor Sanchin kata testing Outside (inside to outside) Strength centre of body Hand Change hands Inside (outside to inside) Forearm conditioning Stop or finish Ready position Awareness in defence or attack 13
14 Counting Karate is usually taught using the original Japanese terms, and that includes counting in Japanese. The second syllable is slightly suppressed, so Ichi becomes phonetically more like itch! and Roku sounds more like Rokk. Traditionally, in Kihon (training of basic techniques), students produce a Ki-Ai (Shout) at the 10th repetition of a technique. In partner training such as Ippon Kumite (one-step sparring), the speed and power of each technique is gradually increased, and the 5th repetition (in some Dojos the 3rd) is accompanied by a Ki- Ai at the final technique of both attacker and defender. Ichi One Ni ju Twenty Ni Two San ju Thirty San Three Yon ju Fourty Shi Four Go ju Fifty Go Five Roku ju Sixty Roku Six Nana ju Seventy Shichi Seven Hachi ju Eighty Hachi Eight Ku ju Ninety Ku Nine Hiyaku ju One hundred Ju Ten 14
15 Notes 15
16 16 copyright Ridgeway Shotokan Karate Club 2013
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