Introduction to Global Studies GLSD1001B

Transcription

1 Introduction to Global Studies GLSD1001B Chinese University of Hong Kong Matthieu Crozet

2 Who? Matthieu Crozet French and Economist PhD University Paris 1 - Panthéon Sorbonne Former professor of in Paris 1 & Paris School of economics, Paris-Saclay Adjunct professor at University of Lausanne

3 What? Global Studies aim at presenting the main challenges facing the countries, cultures and economies around the world Multidisciplinary approach: International politics, Sociology, Economics

4 How? Class schedule Monday 2:30PM-05:15PM - LT2 Sino Building Office hours Tuesday Morning Website - Password = kerguelen

5 What about you? What do I expect from you? The class will be profitable for all of us if all of us are involved = Talk / Ask questions / Discuss / Argue / Criticize

6 Introduction to Global Studies Course content

7 Course content 1 2 Lectures Readings 3 Homeworks

8 Course content 1 Lectures

9 Main textbooks An introduction to Global Studies Campbell, MacKinnon, Stevens

10 Main textbooks Global Issues, 5th ed. politics, economics and culture Richard J. Payne, Pearson

11 Table of contents 1. Introduction: A changing world - Week 1 2. Globalization, Nation-state system and democracy - Week 2 3. Global trade - Week 3 4. Multinational firms - Week 4 5. Global finance - Week 5 6. Population - Week 6 7. Migration - Week 7 8. Poverty and inequality between nations - Week 8 9. Poverty and inequality within nations - Week 9 10.Global environmental issues International Organizations War and peace - Week Discussion on readings - Week 13

12 Course content 2 Readings

13 Required readings - One among the following books THOMAS PIKETTY Capital in the XXI century JARED DIAMOND Collapse DANI RODRIK The globalization paradox

14 Course content 3 Homeworks

15 Homeworks From time to time, I will ask you to prepare some material for the class

16 Debates Imposed topic By groups of 2 to 4: Present pros and cons arguments The class discuss, ask questions and vote

17 Debates 1. End of history or endless clash of civilizations? 2. Trump's trade policies: Are they possible? Are they desirable? 3. The European commission ordered Ireland to collect $14.5 billion in unpaid taxes from Apple. Irish government decided to fight this decision. Should Ireland pay? 4. Should we impose a global "Tobin tax"? 5. Is the end of Chinese one-child policy a good decision? 6. Was Merkel's policy towards Syrian refugees judicious? 7. Should developed nations reinforce foreign aid to developing countries? 8. Should we implement policies to reduce inequalities within nations? 9. Should China be more active on fight against climate change? 10. Is Putin a danger for world peace and democracy? 11. Should the U.S. renegotiate the Iranian nuclear treaty?

18 Grading Quizz (2 / random dates) 20 % Quizz on reading 20 % Debates 20 % Final exam 40 %

19 Chapter 1 Introduction to Global Studies Chinese University of Hong Kong

20 My world versus Your world I'm 43

21 My world versus Your world I'm 43 Which means that I was 18 in 1991 I don t feel that old But the world I lived in during my youth is quite different than yours

22 some things are more or less the same

23 My world versus Your world

24 My world versus Your world World Cup 2014 Wolrd cup 1990

25 My world versus Your world Shanghai 2016 Paris 1992

26 My world versus Your world Bill and Hillary Clinton Presidential campaign 2016 Bill and Hillary Clinton Presidential campaign 1992

27 U.S. President 1991 Georges Bush My world versus Your world U.S. Presidential candidate 2016 Jeb Bush

28 My world versus Your world Bashar al-assad Hafez al-assad

29 Al Quaeda bomb attack Yemen1992 My world versus Your world Bombing Bruxelles 2016

30 My world versus Your world Paris 2015 (130 kills) Paris 1995 Islamist attack (8 kills)

31 Italy 1991 About 15,000 Albanian migrants arrived in Bari My world versus Your world Italy migrants crisis 2016

32 But others changed a lot

33 1. Political borders

34 Countries and borders You may think that the existence and perimeter of countries is an immutable fact in international politics It is not

35 Countries and borders When I was 18, this flag existed

36 Countries and borders The Hong Kong flags

37 Countries and borders What was the capital of Germany in 1991?

38 Countries and borders Was Bonn until Berlin became the Capital of reunified Germany in June 1991

39 Countries and borders There are 197 countries in the world today 193 are U.N. Members How many in 1991?

40 Countries and borders 200 Number of U.N. Members 1993: 184 members : 154 members 1990: 159 members : 99 members 1946: 55 members

41 Countries and borders Between 1990 and 1993, 25 countries became U.N. members Mostly former Soviet Union and Yugoslavian republics Berlin wall, 1989, Raymond Depardon

42 Countries and borders Between 1990 and 1993, 25 countries became U.N. members Mostly former Soviet Union and Yugoslavian republics The total length of international borders is Km today 27,000 km of new borders have been created since ,000 km have been changed

43 Countries and borders And borders matter U.S. - Mexico border

44 2. Technologies

45 Technology - computers and telecommunications 78 % of population in OECD countries have access to the Internet How many in 1991? 0.43%

46 Technology - computers and telecommunications The Internet internet connexion has been established in 1969 in the U.S. But the first version of the World Wide Web has been created in Europe on March 12, 1989 And the first website created on December 20, 1990 ROBERT CAILLIAU TIM BERNERS LEE

47 Technology - computers and telecommunications 80.0 Internet users (%) OECD 53.3 World Source WDI

48 Technology - computers and telecommunications Source IMF

49 Technology - computers and telecommunications PowerBook Apple s first laptop 16 MHz processor, 2MB RAM and a 20MB hard drive $2,500 = $4,530

50 Technology - computers and telecommunications In 1991, the frequency of the most performant microprocessor was 30 times lower But processor frequencies have stagnated, since 2000

51 Technology - transport Number of air passengers (% of World population) Source WDI

52 Technology Technology In 1991, where was the tallest building outside the U.S.? Hong Kong

53 Technology Bank of China Tower was the 5th tallest building in the world All the other towers in the top 10 where in the U.S.

54 Technology Today, Bank of China tower ranks 36 Only one U.S. tower ranks in the top 10 (One world trade center)

55 3. Population

56 Population World population is about 7.3 billion today How many in 1991? 2 billion less: 5.3 billion It increased by more than 37% since 1991

57 Population World population : 9.7 billion : 7.3 billion 2030: 8.5 billion : 3.9 billion 1991: 5.3 billion 1960: 3 billion Source WDI & UN

58 Population World Populations China European Union World Sub-Saharan Africa (all income levels) North America Share of world population (%) Source WDI

59 Population your world is populous but also older % of population +65 years old - Source WDI

60 4. Wealth and poverty

61 Wealth and poverty Poverty About 12% of world population have less than 1.9$* per day How many in 1991? About 37% * level of extreme poverty defined by the World Bank

62 Wealth and poverty More than half of the world population had less than 1.9$ per day until 1976 In 1991, 66.6% of Chinese people were below the threshold. Now, less than 11%

63 Wealth and poverty

64 Wealth and poverty

65 5. Economic structure

66 Economic structure The 2015 largest U.S. companies are WALMART EXXON MOBIL APPLE $482 billions $246 billions $234 billions

67 Economic structure What about 1991? GENERAL MOTORS FORD EXXON

68 Economic structure Share of industrial employment OECD 20 USA Source WDI

69 Economic structure OECD

70 6. Environment

71 Environment Worldwide emissions of CO 2 are about 35 billion tons How much in 1991? About 22 billion tons It increased by more than 50% in 20 years

72 Environment Source: WDI % of World emission China European Union United States World Billon tons 5.2% for China Billon tons 11.5% for China Billon tons 26% for China World emissions (kt)

73 Environment World surface temperature relative to average source: NASA

74 Concluding remarks

75 Concluding remarks World is changing quite fast Just over about third of a (my) human life we had drastic changes in : The political partition of the world Population Way of life Climate, etc This course aims at determining how important are these changes and discuss the challenges the world faces today