Sports Projects. Serving National Pride and Commerce

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2 8 Sports Projets Serving Ntionl Pride nd Commere Sports filities fulfill roles tht extend beyond the merely utilitrin. The projets fetured in this hpter provide two divergent exmples of these roles. On the one hnd, Khlif Sports City nd the Sports City Tower re intentionl expressions of ntionl pride. This is prtiulrly evident in the Sports City Tower, whih rises to height of 300 m nd housed the Fifteenth Asin Gmes flme t its top when the Gmes took ple in Qtr. The tower is essentilly symboli monument nnouning to the world Qtr s signifint omplishment of hosting the seond lrgest multi-sport event fter the Olympi Gmes. In ontrst, the vrious funtions tht the tower is intended to house, inluding onferene enter, hotel, resturnt, nd sports museum, re superfluous to its form. They even seem like n fterthought, nd they mostly remin unrelized fter the gmes. In 2010, Qtr built on this omplishment by winning the bid for hosting the 2022 World Cup. The Khlif Sports City omplex therefore tkes on symboli signifine tht other building types suh s museums, mosques, or irports lso often ssume. It therefore my be viewed within the wider ontext of other lrge-sle rhiteturl nd urbn interventions tking ple in Qtr. These inlude Edution City nd the new Doh Interntionl Airport, whih express the high mbitions of this smll but extremely welthy Emirte in res suh s higher edution nd reserh nd globl ir trnsporttion. One my dd the medi to these mbitions, sine the Qtris own the well-known interntionl Al Jzeer television network, nd it is loted in Doh. In ontrst to these other symbols of ntionl identity nd pride, however, Al Jzeer hs strong visul presene through the medium of the televised imge, nd therefore does not require representtion or elebrtion through rhiteture. On the other hnd, the Dubi Motor City Autodrome nd the four stdiums of the Dubi Sports City re inome-generting ommeril endevors tht re intimtely linked to Dubi s tourism strtegy. Tourism mkes up bout fifth of Dubi s eonomy, nd the emirte reeived the impressive number of 5.64 million tourists during the first three qurters of 2009, even though this ws period of globl eonomi downturn. The Dubi uthorities re mrketing the emirte s the sports pitl of the Middle Est, nd interntionl sports events tht ttrt both residents nd visitors re regulrly held there. The projets fetured in this setion from Dubi re intended to solidify its position s enter of regionl nd interntionl sports tourism. 163

3 Doh Sports City Tower, Khlif Sports City, Doh, Qtr Designed by the Frenh firm AREP in ssoition with the Lebnese-Amerin rhitet Hdi Simn of Hdi Simn nd Prtners, with the London-bsed interntionl engineering firm Arup s struturl engineers. The tower exterior ws ompleted in 2006, in time for the Fifteenth Asin Gmes. The tower s internl omponents, however, remin unfinished. The $175 million Doh Sports City Tower, loted in proximity to Khlif Stdium, rises to height of 300 m, mking it the tllest in Qtr nd mjor lndmrk in Doh. It hs fde surfe of 30,000 m 2 nd built-up re of 45,000 m 2. The tower ws built to hold the flme for the 2006 Asin Gmes t its top, whih ws the lrgest flme in Olympi history, nd it ws kept burning for the durtion of the gmes. The flme ws shielded from the wind by glss nopy 30 m tll. The design of the struture inludes entrl onrete ore from whih the tower s vrious funtionl modules re ntilevered. The tower is shethed by steel prboli mesh fde with vrying perfortion rtios tht differentite the northern nd southern exposures to minimize solr gin. The re of perfortions lso inreses s one moves towrd the top of the tower to better ommodte inresing wind speeds. The struture is intended to house number of funtions, ll of whih will be grouped round the entrl tower ore nd wrpped by urved glss outer shell. The lower levels eventully will inlude n trium 60 m high s well s bllroom nd onferene enter. Above tht will be series of stories ontining hotel rooms, with helth lub nd ntilevered swimming pool on top. Above the hotel will be sports museum, revolving resturnt, nd viewing dek. The tower lso integrtes sophistited surfe lighting system onsisting of network of LED lmps instlled within its mesh. These my be progrmmed to projet vrious imges nd ptterns or even to brodst videos. 164 Sports Projets: Serving Ntionl Pride nd Commere

4 Figures The 300 m high Doh Sports City Tower ws built to hold the flme of the 2006 Asin Gmes, the lrgest flme in Olympi history. The tower is to eventully house number of funtions inluding bllroom nd onferene enter, hotel, sports museum, revolving resturnt, nd viewing dek.

5 Khlif Sports City Mster Pln nd Khlif Stdium Upgrde, Doh, Qtr The mster pln for Sports City ws developed by the Austrlin firm GHD (Gutteridge, Hskins & Dvey). The stdium upgrde ws rried out by GHD in ssoition with the Austrlin firms Cox Rihrdson Arhitets nd Plnners nd PTW Arhitets, with the London-bsed interntionl engineering firm Arup s struturl engineers. Stdium upgrde ws ompleted in 2005; Sports City ws ompleted in The Khlif Sports ity ws developed to host the 2006 Fifteenth Asin Gmes in Doh, whih drew over 10,000 thletes from 45 ountries in Asi. The sporting event is seond in size only to the Olympis. The Qtri government pledged $700 million for building sports filities for the event nd devoted n re of over 230 hetres for sports ity. The mster plnner for the projet, GHD, lso ws the projet mnger for the 2000 Olympi Gmes in Sydney. In ddition, GHD won the ontrt to pln nd implement the Asin Gmes, whih inluded prepring the strtegi pln outlining the plnning nd delivery of sporting venues, seurity, trnsporttion, nd ommodtion, s well s the opening nd losing eremonies. A host of omplexes hve been built to ommodte the vrious events ssoited with the gmes. These inlude the Khlif Stdium, the Doh Sports City Tower, vriety of sports hlls nd lubs, sports demy, mosque, prk, nd the 17,600 m 2 Orthopedi Sports Mediine Hospitl designed by the Amerin firm Ellerbe Beket. Khlif Stdium ws the min venue for the gmes nd the enterpiee of the Khlif Sports City. It hosted the opening nd losing eremonies, s well s min events, inluding soer gmes. The stdium originlly ws built in 1976, but underwent n extensive upgrde nd expnsion tht hs more thn doubled its originl 20,000-person seting pity in time for the gmes. The min visul fetures of the upgrde/expnsion projet inlude tensile fbri roof, whih overs its west stnd, nd prboli steel rh, whih holds the lighting system nd spekers nd spns 265 m over the est stnd. The stdium inludes rnge of filities loted over six levels suh s hnging rooms, toilets, dministrtion filities, nd lounges. It lso is linked to wrm-up fields nd n dditionl building for hnging rooms through 120 m underground tunnel. The stdium s elevtions re rtiulted with red nd silver luminum pnel ldding, nd rt works dorn its front side. The stdium is the fol point of the min est-west xis tht psses through the Sports City. Another north-south xis orgnizes the site s min rod network. 166 Sports Projets: Serving Ntionl Pride nd Commere

6 Figures Khlif Stdium is the enterpiee of the Khlif Sports City, nd it ws the min venue for the Doh 2006 Fifteenth Asin Gmes. The stdium ws built in 1976, but it ws extensively upgrded nd its seting pity ws more thn doubled in time for the gmes.

7 Dubi Motor City Autodrome, Dubilnd, Dubi, United Arb Emirtes The Autodrome is the first phse of the Dubi Motor City. Its mster pln ws developed by the Amerin firm HOK Sport Arhiteture (Hellmuth, Obt + Kssbum Sport Arhiteture; renmed Populous in 2009). The seond phse ws developed by the Amerin firm Burt Hill. The 7,000-set Grndstnd nd the Mrketing nd Mngement Building were designed by HOK Sport Arhiteture, with detiled design drwings developed by the British firm RMJM. The first phse, whih inludes the retrk, the Mrketing nd Mngement Building, nd the Grndstnd, ws ompleted in The seond phse is under onstrution. The Dubi Motor City Autodrome is prt of the $4.9 billion Dubilnd leisure nd entertinment ity loted outside Dubi. The 345-hetre projet enters on 100-hetre, 5.39 km long motor retrk. The trk llows for six onfigurtions nd n ommodte three ring events onurrently. In ddition to its use for ring, the trk lso my be used by uto mnufturers for produt lunhing, testing, nd development. The omplex inludes supporting buildings suh s medi enter, medil enter, ontrol tower, ring shool, 3,000 m 2 indoor reretionl krt enter, nd pizz tht n ommodte outdoor performnes. The Grndstnd is 225 m long nd 32 m high. The luminum-roofed building inludes two seting tiers with 7,000 sets in ddition to nine viewing boxes t the top. It is loted t the highest prt of the site to mximize views for the spettors nd llow them to see 50 to 90 perent of the trk, depending on the lotion of sets. The lient lso stipulted tht the Burj Al Arb hotel be visible from the Grndstnd seting. The Grndstnd fetures funtion rooms for lrge gtherings nd press onferenes. Temporry stnds lso n be ereted next to the Grndstnd with pity for 35,000 spettors. The high-teh Mrketing nd Mngement Building ws the first to be ompleted in the $95 million omplex. It is fully glzed struture tht inludes offies nd lso funtion room t its top level tht n ommodte 200 people. Viewing glleries oupy most of the rest of the building. The building inorportes lrge luminum ntilevers to provide shde, nd it is oriented t 50 degrees est of north so tht eh floor provides some shding for the floor below it from the intense fternoon sun. The rhitets stte tht the Grndstnd nd the Mrketing nd Mngement Building were designed on the priniple they identify s tht of tive blne. Aordingly, both strutures pper to len to one side to represent the exitement of motor sport s if the r or motorbike is just on the point of losing trtion. The seond phse of the projet fetures residentil hotel, offie buildings, n Auto Mll tht overs 6.5 hetres nd onsists of n offie tower nd showroom, nd more thn 3,000 housing units oupying n re of 55 hetres. Motor City lso will inlude Formul One Theme Prk with simultor rides, demonstrtions, museum, nd retil filities. 168 Sports Projets: Serving Ntionl Pride nd Commere

8 Left nd Below: Figures The Dubi Autodrome enters on 5.39 km retrk tht n ommodte three ring events onurrently. Spettors n view the res from the 7,000-set luminum-roofed Grndstnd. Bottom Right: Figure The fully glzed, highteh Mrketing nd Mngement Building t the Dubi Autodrome fetures offies, funtion room for 200 people, nd viewing glleries. The building inorportes lrge luminum ntilevers to provide shde, nd its orienttion nd shpe re onfigured so tht eh floor prtilly shdes the floor below it from the fternoon sun.

9 Dubi Sports City, Dubilnd, Dubi, United Arb Emirtes The projet s four stdiums re designed by the Germn firm von Gerkn, Mrg und Prtner (GMP). The British firm Mott MDonld nd the Amerin firm RTKL designed the two mixed-use hubs loted t the ends of the projet s nl. The riket stdium ws ompleted in Other prts of projet re under onstrution. The $2 billion Dubi Sports City is prt of the Dubilnd meg-projet, whih will inlude five themed ities nd will be twie the size of Disney World in the United Sttes. Dubilnd is prt of pln imed t strengthening Dubi s position s tourist destintion, for whih the trget of ttrting 15 million tourists ws set for A min omponent of the 460-hetre projet is group of four stdiums: 60,000-person outdoor multipurpose stdium for soer mthes s well s trk nd field events; 10,000-person multipurpose indoor ren for hrd-ourt gmes, ie hokey, nd onerts; 5,000-person field hokey stdium; nd 25,000-person riket stdium, ll linked by shopping mll nd prking struture for 10,000 vehiles. The projet lso will inlude trining filities nd shools for vrious sports, bout 1,200 residenes oupying n re of 930,000 m 2 nd surrounding golf ourse, ommeril filities, hotels, nd speilized sports mediine hospitl. One of the development s min fetures is 1.5 km nl long whih number of the projet s omponents re loted. GMP is espeilly known in the re of stdium design, nd hs designed bout 40 stdiums round the world. 170 Sports Projets: Serving Ntionl Pride nd Commere

10 Figures A primry omponent of the Dubi Sports City is group of four stdiums intended to ommodte vriety of sporting events. As is ommon in lrge-sle mster plnned developments in Dubi, however, it lso will inlude ommeril nd retil filities, lrge residentil development, nd hotels.