This Issue Online. in this issue n News, Debate:...3 n Sports: Going for Gold...6 n american History Play: The Runaway Scrape...8

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1 January 18, 2010 Vol. 112, No. 10 ISSN TEACHER S EDITION Issue Dates Sept 7 Sept 21 Oct 5 Oct 19 & 26 Nov 9 Nov 23 Dec 7 Jan 4 Jan 18 Feb 8 A supplement to Junior Scholastic Mar 1 Mar 22 Apr 12 Apr 26 May 10 A New, Improved JS in this issue n News, Debate:...3 n Sports: Going for Gold...6 n american History Play: The Runaway Scrape...8 n teen Scene: 2010 JS Student Advisory Board n GeoSkills: Weather Map n What Do You Know? TEACHER S EDITION n main Feature: The Runaway Scrape... T-2 n other Features... T-3 n answer Key... T-4 n Quiz Wizard... T-5 n reproducibles... T-6, T-7 n teacher to Teacher... T-8 in our next issue February 8, 2010 News: Is Corn Making Us Fat? World: Inside Afghanistan American History Play: The Greensboro Sit-ins GeoSkills: Tracking the H1N1 Virus Dear Teacher, We want to let you know about some exciting changes coming to JS. Starting with our next issue, dated February 8, each issue you receive of JS will be 24 pages long and packed with news, history, and geography. Our promise remains the same: bringing the world to your classroom. But our new format will be easier to navigate and even more engaging to your students. It will help them better cultivate the skills they will need to thrive in the 21st century. You ll find materials that appeal to readers with a variety of abilities and sensibilities. Look for more maps and skills, more in-depth news, and a two-page debate that is bound to get your students talking! Each WORLD article will take readers to the heart of a country making news, and show them how what is happening there affects the United States and its people. Mark February 8 on your calendar! Until then, thank you, as always, for choosing JS. This Issue Online Suzanne McCabe, Editor smccabe@scholastic.com scholastic.com/js News You Can Use Are you looking for current events to use in your classroom? Engage your students with top news stories written at different reading levels. It s a great way to involve them in events happening around the world that are sure to pique their curiosity. Don t miss out! For top news, as well as handy reproducibles and useful URLs, go to scholastic.com/js. Teacher s Edition Writer: Kathy Wilmore Teacher s Edition editor: Bryan Brown contributing writers: Lisa Arce, Karen Kellaher Teacher s Edition Production Editor: Kathleen Fallon Editorial address: Junior Scholastic, 557 Broadway, New York, NY or Customer-service inquiries: SCHOLASTIC ( ) or Junior Scholastic aep EdPress Winner WINNER DISTINGUISHED ACHIEVEMENT

2 Main Feature: The Runaway Scrape (pp. 8-11) NCSS standard Time, continuity, & change n Objectives Help readers connect incidents of the past with issues of the present. Give students practice reading aloud. n The Basics Here are some of the key figures in early Texas history: stephen Austin ( ): Virginia-born founder of an American colony in Texas, which was part of Mexico at the time, and a strong proponent of Texas independence. He lost his campaign for the first Republic of Texas presidency to Sam Houston. sam Houston ( ): Virginia-born lawyer, politician, and hero of Mexico s defeat in the Texas Revolution. His decisive victory at San Jacinto secured Texas s independence. He served two terms as President of the Republic of Texas ( and ). After Texas joined the Union, he served as both U.S. Senator and Governor of the state. antonio López de Santa Anna ( ): Mexican dictator and military leader; a key figure in both the Texas Revolution ( ) and the Mexican- American War ( ). He was known and feared as a fierce competitor in war and a ruthless opponent in politics. Juan Seguín ( ): Born in San Antonio, he was a key player in Texas politics before and after the revolution against Mexico. A top officer in the Texas army, he led Tejano troops fiercely loyal to Texas in the battles against Santa Anna. When Texas won its independence, Seguín served as a Senator in the republic s government. Anglo Texans growing suspicion of powerful Tejanos led to him being forced to move to Mexico. Seguín then fought against the U.S. during the Mexican-American War. n Content-Area Questions culture/social studies 1. How have the tables turned in U.S.-Mexico relations from 1835 to the present? (In 1835, when Texas was part of Mexico, Mexico s leaders worried about the flow of Americans into their country. Today, the U.S. government is concerned about the flow of Mexicans into the States.) 2. What kind of government did Texas have during its decade as an independent nation? (It was a republic.) What does that word indicate? (a nation in which citizens elect representatives to run their government) g e o g r a p h y 1. In which city was the Alamo? (San Antonio, Texas) 2. Which two major Texas cities were named for people mentioned in this play? (Austin and Houston) Which is the state capital? (Austin) language arts 1. Why is the 1836 mass flight from Texas known as the Runaway Scrape? (Caught between opposing armies a distressing situation, or scrape American settlers in Texas were running away from the danger.) 2. What is the difference between Texan and Tejano? (Texan: someone from, or who lives in, Texas; Tejano: a Texan of Mexican descent) Make sure you don t miss a single issue of JUNIOR SCHOLASTIC next year! Renew by March 31 to lock in this year s price of $8.25* for Fall And you ll get your very own Steel Thermos FREE with your order of 20 or more subscriptions. To order call SCHOLASTIC ( ) Mon. Fri. 8 a.m. to 7 p.m. Sat. 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. EST Please mention code 8222 when ordering. *Price valid through 3/31/ REN-S10G2 T-2 January 18, 2010 Teacher s Edition JUNIOR SCHOLASTIC

3 Sports: Going for Gold (pp. 6-7) NCSS standard Individuals, groups, & institutions The XXI Winter Olympics will kick off on February 12 in Vancouver, Canada. Among the athletes hoping to earn top honors for the United States are the three profiled here. n Objectives Give readers a preview of events that will be part of the upcoming Winter Olympics. Introduce three U.S. athletes to watch for during the Games. n Backstory The first Olympic competitions took place in ancient Greece. The original games were outdoor sports, many still part of the Summer Olympics, such as foot races, discus throwing, and wrestling. The modern Olympics started in 1895 with summer sports. The first official Winter Olympics was held at Chamonix, France, in n Talk It Over What is the difference between individual competition, such as the sports that Shaun White and Lindsey Vonn participate in, and team competition, which is what Julie Chu does? What are the special challenges of each? n Keep It Going Invite your students to keep track of the profiled athletes progress in their events. Women s preliminary ice hockey rounds (Chu s event) take place February Women s alpine skiing (Vonn s events) begins on February 14. Men s snowboarding events are to begin on February 15, with the men s half-pipe (Shaun White s specialty) on February 17. For updates and further details, visit the official Winter Olympics site, vancouver2010.com. WEB LINKS USA Ice Hockey/Chu s page: hockey.teamusa.org/athletes/julie-chu Vonn s site: lindseyvonn.com White s site: shaunwhite.com GeoSkills: Reading a Weather Map (p. 15) NCSS standard People, places, & environments Interpreting a weather map offers practice in a number of mapreading skills. n Objectives Practice reading complex maps. Recognize weather patterns across the country during winter. n Advisory Although some symbols and abbreviations used on weather maps are always the same, others vary. Advise students that they shouldn t assume they know them all. It is important to first consult the key (also called the legend) of each and every weather map and other kinds of maps as well. n Rapid Review For the most part, weather tends to move from west to east. What symbols or patterns on the map show this? (Most of the front lines shown are pointing in a generally eastward direction.) What is the overall range of temperatures shown on this map? (below 10 F to the 80s) If this map wasn t labeled as it is, would you still get the idea that it shows weather conditions for a day in winter? What clues on the map tell you so? (the presence of snowflakes in several places; the predominance of lower temperatures; other answers acceptable) Weather maps like this one generally show patterns for a single day or other short period of time. Why might this be so? (Weather patterns tend to move swiftly. The location of front lines, temperatures, and other conditions differ from day to day, even hour to hour.) WEB LINKS National Weather Maps: usatoday.com/weather/fronts /latest-fronts-systems.htm National Weather Service: nws.noaa.gov The Weather Channel: weather.com JUNIOR SCHOLASTIC Teacher s Edition January 18, 2010 T-3

4 NAME: puzzles reproducible CROSSWORD PUZZLE Take our crossword challenge before reading this issue. Then come back and fill in any blanks. The starred clues refer to the play on pp ACROSS *1 the Texas army s big victory was at Jacinto. 4 In addition to 8 Texas s land today: 266,874 sq ft *10 rank that General Houston promised his men if they won in battle (abbr.) 11 Four Presidents faces are carved into Rushmore (abbr.). *12 Many people on the Runaway Scrape fell. 14 Preposition used in such phrases as aim the target 15 Response to wedding vows (2 words). 16 Story of a person s life, for short *17 Texas s capital was named for Austin. 19 More than one street or saint (abbr.) *20 many Runaway Scrape refugees had little to. 21 Per person (abbr.) 22 Type of machine gun 23 Either, 25 Over or above *27 Texans the battle at the Alamo. Sudoku 1 29 Allows; gives permission *30 enemy, as Santa Anna was to Houston DOWN Puzzle solution is in your Teacher s Edition. *1 General Houston led the Texas army. 2 creative endeavor, such as painting *3 direction of San Jacinto from the battle of Goliad (compass abbr.) 4 Knee ligament commonly torn by athletes (abbr.) *5 texas settlers fled toward this state (postal abbr.). *6 country that once controlled Mexico Do you sudoku? This addictive puzzle from Japan has become hugely popular in the U.S. If you aren t already a fan, here s how to play: The puzzle grid is divided into 9 large squares, each of which is divided into 9 small squares. Each row and each column also has 9 squares. Your goal is to write a number from 1 to 9 in each square. Each digit can be used only once per row, column, and square. T-6 January 18, 2010 Teacher s Edition JUNIOR SCHOLASTIC Puzzle by kathy wilmore man s first name, as in von Bismarck 9 Assistant *13 antonio de Santa Anna led Mexico s army. 15 about time! 16 Wager *17 texas became the 28th in the Union. 18 Ice that falls from the sky 19 Close tightly 22 Life has its and downs. 23 Spanish word for bear 24 Road or highway abbreviation 26 Play period after the fourth quarter (abbr.) 28 children s classic: Rebecca Sunnybrook Farm This grid is from Sudoku: 100 Fun Number Puzzles, compiled by Kjartan Poskitt and Michael Mepham (Scholastic, 2005). Uses: copy machine, opaque projector, or transparency master for overhead projector. Scholastic Inc. grants teacher-subscribers to Junior Scholastic permission to reproduce this Skills Reproducible for use in their classrooms. Copyright 2010 by Scholastic Inc. All rights reserved.

5 NAME: skills reproducible Uses: copy machine, opaque projector, or transparency master for overhead projector. Scholastic Inc. grants teacher-subscribers to Junior Scholastic permission to reproduce this Skills Reproducible for use in their classrooms. Copyright 2010 by Scholastic Inc. All rights reserved. When you run into an unfamiliar word, the rest of the sentence or paragraph can give you clues to the word s meaning. Sometimes, even a familiar word needs to be in context for you to know which of various meanings the author intends. Below are 10 sentences that appear in The questions Vocabulary Understanding context 1. What set off that mass panic? (p. 8) (A) celebratory; (B) growing; (C) religious; (D) widespread Runaway Scrape, this issue s American History Play (pp. 8-11). In each, you will see a word in boldface italics. Choose the word or phrase that best defines that word as it is used in the sentence. Then, on the back of this sheet of paper, use each boldface-italic word in a sentence of your own. 2. Texas was then part of Mexico, a country wracked by civil war in the early 19th century. (p. 8) (A) founded; (B) joined; (C) violently ruined; (D) worn down 3. Then the government, led by dictator Antonio López de Santa Anna, set harsh new policies, including banning immigration from the United States. (p. 8) (A) democratic leader; (B) oppressive ruler; (C) secretary; (D) soldier 4. But Santa Anna plans to crush the rebellion and reclaim Texas. (p. 9) (A) brutally attack; (B) punish; (C) surprise; (D) take back 5. on February 23, 1836, Santa Anna s army begins a siege of the Alamo. (p. 9) (A) careful division; (B) hunt; (C) military blockade; (D) special remembrance 6. Our army must retreat so that we can build up our strength. (p. 10) (A) fight immediately; (B) hold ground; (C) move back; (D) move forward 7. Their route is largely through uninhabited wilderness vast stretches of prairie or forests. (p. 10) (A) disease-infested; (B) having no residents; (C) highly dangerous; (D) hilly or steep 8. Santa Anna gives the order and is spared. (p. 11) (A) fired from duty; (B) stabbed with a sharp object; (C) taken into custody; (D) treated mercifully 9. For the next 10 years, Texas was a republic. (p. 11) (A) democratic entity; (B) monarchy; (C) scene of battle; (D) state of disaster 10. Many Americans resent illegal immigrants. (p. 11 sidebar) (A) are related to; (B) feel bitter about; (C) highly respect; (D) question JUNIOR SCHOLASTIC Teacher s Edition January 18, 2010 T-7

6 teacher TO TEACHER Web Hunt The Winter Olympics While athletes prepare to compete for medals in Vancouver (see Going for Gold, pp. 6-7), your students can engage in an Olympic quest of their own. This Internet scavenger hunt will help them hone online-research skills while learning about past and present Olympic Games. This lesson was written for JS by Karen Kellaher, a substitute teacher in Warren County, New Jersey, and former Scholastic editor. Karen Kellaher photo courtesy of karen kellaher OBJECTIVES Students will: practice research skills and learn to navigate Web pages efficiently. gather data on the Olympics. PREPARE Make copies of the Web Hunt box at right. Reserve computer lab time if necessary. (Note: You may want to preview the site for #10-12 to decide whether its illustrations are acceptable for your age group.) ENGAGE Read the article about three U.S. athletes who are preparing for the 2010 Winter Olympics. Explain that, in doing this exercise, students will also need to be fast and focused to achieve their goal. TEACH 1. Divide students into small groups or pairs. Explain that they will be given three questions for each of four Web sites, which they must search to find the answers. 2. Remind students that books and other print resources have tables of contents, indexes, and other features to help readers locate specific pieces of information. Point out that Web sites have features for the same purpose. Have students log on to your school s home page or other familiar site and discuss its navigational tools. For example: Labeled tabs at the top or side of a Web page often represent sections of information within the site. Underlined, boldfaced, or colored type usually signifies links to pages or sites with additional information. Search features allow users to type in a key word or phrase to access specific information. 3. Distribute the Web Hunt and have students begin. Remind them to use the sites navigational and organizational features to speed up their searches. Tell them that they will not need to leave these sites to complete the Web Hunt. 4. When students have finished, review their responses and invite teams to share how they found each piece of information. For example: To find the last scheduled event, we clicked on the heading Schedule and Results. EXTEND Have student groups evaluate the four sites and say which they considered the most informative and best organized, giving examples to support their opinions. WEB hunt vancouver2010.com 1. How many days are left until the 2010 Opening Ceremony? 2. What is the last scheduled medal event of the 2010 Winter Games? 3. Which two sports are combined in the biathlon? olympic.org 4. In which country would you find the Olympic Museum? 5. IOC is an abbreviation for what? 6. Is weightlifting a sport in the Summer or Winter Olympics? teamusa.org 7. In which sport does athlete Ben Agosto compete? 8. What is one recent news headline related to U.S. Olympic athletes? 9. What is one thing that you can buy in the Team USA shop? What is its price? What is the name of one athlete of the ancient Olympics? 11. How were the ancient Olympics different from the modern Games? 12. In the ancient Olympics, what was the event known as the pankration? T-8 January 18, 2010 Teacher s Edition JUNIOR SCHOLASTIC