SUMMARY Estimated Future Tax Evasion under the Income Tax System and Prospects for Tax Evasion under the FairTax: New Perspectives
|
|
- Herbert Manning
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 SUMMARY Estimatd Futur Tax Evasion undr th Incom Tax Systm and Prospcts for Tax Evasion undr th FairTax: Nw Prspctivs By Richard J. Cbula, Ph.D. Fiorntina AngjllariDajci, Ph.D. March 1, 2017 Purpos of Study 1. Th Evasion study xamins tax vasion, looking at historical rats of vasion and thn stimating futur tax vasion ovr th nxt dcad, 2017 to a) Th authors focus on th undrrporting of incom. Thy compar total prsonal incom as drivd by th U.S. Burau of Economic Analysis and containd in th National Incom Product Accounts (NIPA) 1 to total incom rportd to th IRS containd in th Statistics of Incom data: BEAdrivd Adjustd Gross Incom to IRS Adjustd Gross Incom. Historically, th undrrporting of incom had a low of 8.4% in 1967 and rachd a high of 14.8% in (Th last yar BEA conductd th study) Figur 1. BEA Drivd AGI Gap Prcntag of Total AGI, b) Th authors nxt stp is to forcast incom tax vasion in th form incom undrrporting th AGI Gap. Thy us thr diffrnt growth rats: vasion growing at th rat of inflation (2.703%), vasion growing at th rat of th nominal GDP growth rat (4.85%), and vasion growing at th historical vasion growth rat of (7.034%). 1 NIPA is th sam data that is usd to stimat taxabl consumption undr th FairTax. 1
2 Tabl 4 shows that th total AGI Gap (incom undrrportd to th IRS) ovr th nxt dcad is $ trillion for This amount is 77.4%81.4% largr than th siz of US GDP in ($18.04 $18.45 trillion in currnt dollars). Tabl 4. Nw Estimats of th AGI Gap in Currnt Dollars Using Altrnativ Actual Annual Prcntag Growth Rats (% GRs), Tax Yar Inflation NGDP GR AGI Gap GR (2.703%) (4.850%) (7.034%) , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , to 2026 $18, $23, $32, Sourcs: BLS, BEA and BEA s Ldbttr (2004; 2007) Tabl 5.1 shows th lost incom tax rvnus, Incom Tax Gap, which is calculatd by multiplying th projctd undrrportd incom in Tabl 4 tims 20.66%, th avrag fdral incom tax rat. Tabl graphd in Figur 3. Tabl 5.1 Estimatd Incom Tax Gap, , Billions of Currnt Dollars, Fdral Incom Tax Rat of 20.66%* (1) (2) (3) Inflation NGDP GR AGI Gap GR Tax Yar (2.703%) (4.850%) (7.034%) to 2026 $3,789.7 $4,907.4 $6,762.1 *Sourcs: Tabl 9; IRS (1996, p. 9; 2016, p. 2) Th anticipatd Individual Incom Tax Gap to b facd by th IRS falls in th rang of btwn 3.8 trillion and narly 6.8 trillion dollars. 2
3 1, Figur 3. Estimatd Incom Tax Gap, (Billions of Currnt Dollars) Inflation (2.703%) Nominal GDP Growth Rat (4.850%) AGI Gap Growth Rat (7.034%) c) Th authors compar th forcastd incom tax vasion to total incom tax rvnus, again using th thr diffrnt growth rats. On avrag, th annual shar varis from 16.2% to 34.2% for th tim priod from Individual Incom Tax vasion from 2017 to 2026 will prsist abov th 16% lvl. Basd on historic growth rats (which is th mor likly to occur scnario), incom tax vasion will grow from 29.3% of incom tax rvnus in 2017 to 34.2% by 2026 xcding on third of incom tax rvnus. P r c n t Figur 4. Individual Incom Tax Evasion as a Shar of Projctd Individual Incom Tax Rvnus, Inflation (2.703%) Nominal GDP Growth Rat (4.850%) AGI Gap Growth Rat (7.034%) d) Th nxt stp is to look at th history and gnrat a forcast of what is gnrally known as th IRS Tax Gap this is th taxs owd but not paid timly. It consists of nonfiling, undrrporting, and undrpaymnt. It includs all fdral taxs: individual and businss incom taxs, payroll taxs, capital gains taxs, stat taxs and xcis taxs. 3
4 Total tax vasion (all fdral taxs) will incras from yar to yar and basd on historic trnds will incras from an stimatd 20.2% in 2017 to 23.6% in 2026 of gross tax rvnus by Basd on historical trnds, cumulativ tax vasion from th fdral incom tax systm ovr th nxt dcad ( ) will rach about 9 trillion dollars. Figur 5. Estimatd Gross Tax Gap, (Billions of Currnt Dollars) 1,400 1,200 1, ,111 1,179 1, Inflation (2.703%) GDP Growth Rat (4.850%) Historical Gross Tax Gap GR (6.087%) ) As with th incom tax gap, th Total Tax Gap as a % of Total Taxs is computd. Basd on historic trnds, th Total Tax Gap, on avrag, as a prcnt of total tax rvnu, will incras from yar to yar starting at 20.2% and raching 23.6% by Figur 6. Gross Tax Evasion Shar of Projctd Gross Tax Rvnus P r c n t Inflation (2.703%) GDP Growth Rat (4.850%) Historical Gross Tax Gap Growth Rat (6.087%) 4
5 f) Th authors comput th amount of tax burdn that is ffctivly shiftd from th tax scofflaws to thos who pay thir taxs. This is don by dividing th Total Tax Gap by th numbr of housholds for that yar. Th yarly population forcast was dividd by 2.53 (th avrag prsons pr houshold) to gt th numbr of housholds. Basd on th historical growth of th gross tax gap, th avrag tax burdn shiftd pr houshold grows from $5,365 in 2017 to $8,526 in This surtax nabls th fdral govrnmnt to rais th sam lvl of rvnu it would collct if all taxpayrs wr to rport thir incom and pay thir taxs in full. 10,000 9,000 8,000 7,000 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 Figur 7. Annual Avrag Tax Burdn Shiftd to U.S Housholds Du To Tax Evasion (Currnt Dollars) 5,365 5,646 5,942 4,942 5,140 6,255 6,584 6,932 7,298 7,685 8,094 5,347 5,563 5,787 6,022 6,266 6,522 6,788 8,526 4,276 4,356 4,439 4,523 4,609 4,698 4,789 4,882 4,977 5,075 7, Inflation (2.703%) GDP Growth Rat (4.85%) Historical Gross Tax Gap (6.087%) Th cumulativ tax burdn shiftd from tax scofflaws to compliant taxpayrs amounts to a total stimatd burdn of btwn $46,623 and $68,328 ovr th tnyar priod from , which is comparabl in siz, if not gratr, undr th historical growth rat scnario, to both th mdian and man houshold incom in th U.S. in In othr words, in on out of th 10 yars ahad ach Amrican houshold will b working solly to pay off th 10yar ovrall surtax arguably a havy burdn for vry houshold. 2. Th study looks at various trnds in th conomy and whthr thy would tnd to incras or dcras tax vasion. 3. Modl of transactions costs associatd with th dcision to vad th FairTax: tim and nrgy, a conscinc cost (knowing that you ar doing wrong), potntial cost of pnaltis if caught, and th cost of finding somon to collud with you and agr not to collct or pay th tax. 5
6 4. Practical considrations of th FairTax rducing vasion: 80% rduction in numbr of tax filrs, and th dominanc of larg companis in th wholsal and rtail sctors. Tabl 13 shows that whil small businsss mak up 64.7% of wholsal and rtail trad corporations, thir combind businss rcipts rprsnt only 2.1% of total wholsal and rtail trad businss rcipts. Tabl 13. Distribution of Wholsal and Rtail Trad Corporations by Siz of Businss Rcipts, 2012 Siz of Businss Rcipts Total Rturns Businss Rcipts Prcnt of Rturns Prcnt of Rcipts (Mony amounts thousands of dollars and siz of businss rcipts is in whol dollars) Undr $25, ,400 $784, % 0.00% $25,000 to $100, ,865 $6,104, % 0.10% $100,000 to $250, ,023 $24,100, % 0.30% $250,000 to $500, ,027 $45,284, % 0.60% $500,000 to $1,000, ,775 $86,165, % 1.10% Small Businss Subtotal 647, ,439, % 2.10% $1,000,000 to $2,500, ,559 $219,076, % 2.80% $2,500,000 to $5,000,000 73,809 $259,165, % 3.30% $5,000,000 to $10,000,000 42,293 $297,656, % 3.80% $10,000,000 to $50,000,000 45,979 $954,027, % 12.20% $50,000,000 to $100,000,000 7,111 $497,301, % 6.40% $100,000,000 to $250,000,000 3,741 $557,800, % 7.10% $250,000,000 or mor 2,167 $4,862,482, % 62.30% Total Activ Corporations 959,749 7,809,950, % % Sourc: Calculations basd on IRS, RETURNS OF ACTIVE CORPORATIONS, Tabl 5Slctd Balanc Sht, Incom Statmnt and Tax Itms, by Sctor, by Siz of Businss, Tax Yar All figurs ar stimats basd on sampls. 6
On the decomposition of life expectancy and limits to life
On th dcomposition of lif xpctancy and limits to lif Ls Mayhw and David Smith Faculty of Actuarial Scinc Cass Businss School ARC Confrnc 2014 Santa Barbara Som ky dmographic issus What do trnds in lif
More informationOn the decomposition of life expectancy and limits to life
On th dcomposition of lif xpctancy and limits to lif Ls Mayhw and David Smith Faculty of Actuarial Scinc Cass Businss School Longvity 10 Sptmbr 2014 Santiago Chil Som ky dmographic issus What do trnds
More informationPower Supply in Package (PSiP) Power Supply on Chip (PwrSoC) Update 2010
Powr Supply in Packag (PSiP) Powr Supply on Chip (PwrSoC) Updat 2010 Controllr Protction Drivr Drivr By Arnold Aldrman, Anagnsis, Inc. And Cian O Mathuna, Tyndall National Institut Controllr Outlin 1.
More informationSTUDY ON ANCHOR BEHAVIOR OF CFRP PLATE TO CONCRETE
Octor -7, 8, Bijing, China STUDY ON ANCHOR BEHAVIOR OF CFRP PLATE TO CONCRETE Kntaro MATSUNAGA and Tsutomu YANO and Hiroyuki NAKAMURA and Nouhiro HISABE and Toshiyuki KANAKUBO Graduat Studnt, Graduat School
More informationSelection Protocol BC Snowboard Provincial Freestyle Team July 15, 2015
Slction Protocol 2015-2016 BC Snowboard Provincial Frstyl Tam July 15, 2015 Background Th BC Snowboard Provincial Frstyl Tam Slction Protocol is dsignd to outlin tam slction for th rstructurd BC Snowboard
More informationOwner s Manual. Model Number: 73654
Ownr s Manual Modl Numbr: 73654 Fishr-Pric, Inc., a subsidiary of Mattl, Inc., East Aurora, NY 14052 U.S.A. 2002 Mattl, Inc. All Right Rsrvd. and dsignat U.S. tradmarks of Mattl, Inc. Printd in China.
More informationHydraulic modeling summary for Sodom Dam Alternatives Feasibility Study
Tchnical Mmorandum DATE: Novmbr 24, 2009 TO: FROM: SUBJECT: Ms. Dnis Hoffrt-Hay Sodom Dam Projct Managr Calapooia Watrshd Council Rivr Dsign Group, Inc. 311 SW Jffrson Avnu Corvallis, Orgon 97333 Hydraulic
More informationBC Pension Forum. Economic Outlook. Presented by: Ben Homsy, CFA Portfolio Manager
BC Pension Forum Economic Outlook Presented by: Ben Homsy, CFA Portfolio Manager 1694 1704 1713 1723 1732 1741 1751 1760 1770 1779 1788 1798 1807 1817 1826 1836 1845 1854 1864 1873 1883 1892 1901 1911
More informationTRANSPORTATION IMPACT STUDY HYATT PLACE HOTEL EXPANSION AND OLD DAVIS ROAD EXTENSION
TRANSPORTATION IMPACT STUDY HYATT PLACE HOTEL EXPANSION AND OLD DAVIS ROAD EXTENSION Prpard for: Submittd by: 2990 Lava Ridg Ct. Suit 200 Rosvill, CA. 95661 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction... 1 Projct
More informationBig Changes, Unknown Impacts
Big Changes, Unknown Impacts Boulder Economic Forecast Place cover image here Richard Wobbekind Senior Economist and Associate Dean for Business and Government Relations January 17, 2018 Real GDP Growth
More informationColombo Business Journal
Colombo Businss Journal Faculty of Managmnt & Financ Vol. 07, No. 01, Jun, 2016 Univrsity of Colombo Intrnational Journal of Thory & Practic Economtric Analysis of Trad Opnnss and Economic Growth for Dvloping
More informationResearch Article Modeling the Perceptions and Preferences of Pedestrians on Crossing Facilities
Discrt Dynamics in Natur and Socity, Articl ID 949475, 8 pags http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/949475 Rsarch Articl Modling th Prcptions and Prfrncs of Pdstrians on Crossing Facilitis Hongwi Guo, 1 Fachng
More informationCarbon report 2016 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION. 1 The Bidvest Group Limited Carbon report 2016
THE BIDVEST GROUP LIMITED CARBON REPORT 2016 1 Th Bidvst Group Limitd Carbon rport 2016 Carbon rport 2016 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 OUR APPROACH 2 ORGANISATIONAL BOUNDARY 2 REPORTING BOUNDARY 2 METHODOLOGY
More informationwww.colorado.edu/leeds/brd CAREER ADVANCING DEGREES FROM LEEDS EVENING MBA PROGRAM FOR WORKING PROFESSIONALS #1 PART-TIME MBA Program in Colorado according to U.S. News & World Report Engage in a collaborative
More informationStructural design and motion analysis of Hexapod Bionic walking. device. Zhu Zhifang12
4th Intrnational Confrnc on Machinry, Matrials and Computing Tchnology (ICMMCT 016) Structural dsign and motion analysis of Hxapod Bionic walking dvic Zhu Zhifang1 1.Jiangxi Provinc Ky Laboratory of prcision
More informationLesson Plans Unit 1 Assessment Focus
g E n P i l n r a a c r al l dn i v r al r l a n o ti o m, f i y l c a d r n a t i t l r l po ca i S s, y E h P p n i th hiv n r ac ld i o h t c ll ls l a i k g s n k u. Givi hinking o c t. n t d pm an
More informationMore of the Same; Or now for Something Completely Different?
More of the Same; Or now for Something Completely Different? C2ER Place cover image here Richard Wobbekind Chief Economist and Associate Dean for Business and Government Relations June 14, 2017 Real GDP
More informationDr. Richard Wobbekind Executive Director, Business Research Division and Senior Associate Dean for Academic Programs University of Colorado Boulder
Dr. Richard Wobbekind Executive Director, Business Research Division and Senior Associate Dean for Academic Programs University of Colorado Boulder Member FDIC VectraBank.com Economic Outlook 2015 Richard
More informationTHE VALUE ADDED OF CONDUCTING REGIONAL VERSUS LOCAL STAKEHOLDER INVOLVEMENT IN EVALUATING TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE
7536Y6--ay PNL-SA-25948 THE VALUE ADDED OF CONDUCTNG REGONAL VERSUS LOCAL STAKEHOLDER NVOLVEMENT N EVALUATNG TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE G. H. McCab s Jun 1995 Prsntd at th Air and Wast Managmnt Association
More informationMay 7-8, GRAND HYATT WASHINGTON Washington, DC
CISTS: A M R A H TION P to ATTEN f fo r t s it s and and dfic dicar S oaring M in y gun on ady b s a v m lr a ac y id hav M dica y pharm it n u m co m ucial! to sting c is cr n a d n t yo u r a t May 7-8,
More informationHUDDERSFIELD NEW COLLEGE FURTHER EDUCATION CORPORATION
HUDDERSFIELD NEW COLLEGE FURTHER EDUCATION CORPORATION Stakholdr Engagmnt Framwork Huddrsfild Nw Collg Corporation blivs that it is ssntial to know th viws and xprincs of studnts, thir parnts, staff and
More informationDistributional National Accounts: Methods and Estimates for the United States
Distributional National Accounts: Methods and Estimates for the United States Thomas Piketty (PSE) Emmanuel Saez (UC Berkeley) Gabriel Zucman (UC Berkeley) November 2016 There is a large disconnect today
More information2018 FIFA WORLD CUP RUSSIA
2018 FIFA WORLD CUP RUSSIA GROUP MATCHES & FINAL ROUND SERIES PACKAGES Wondrful Russia will b th warm Host of th 21st dition of th FIFA World Cup for a tournamnt which promiss to b uncomparabl. From 14th
More informationBow Tie Wedding SVG Set.
Bow Ti Wdding SVG St d i u G ct Proj www.dcipollodsigns.com Introduction This wdding stationary st has a traditional and lgant dsign in th popular layrd styl, using svral layrs of your favorit pattrnd
More informationColorado Counties Treasurers Association
Colorado Counties Treasurers Association Place cover image here Richard Wobbekind Executive Director, Business Research Division June 21, 2016 Real GDP Growth Quarterly and Annualized Real GDP 1990-2016
More informationBob Costello Chief Economist & Vice President American Trucking Associations. Economic & Motor Carrier Industry Trends. September 10, 2013
Bob Costello Chief Economist & Vice President American Trucking Associations Economic & Motor Carrier Industry Trends September 10, 2013 The Freight Economy Washington continues to be a headwind on economic
More informationLarry Kessler, Ph.D. Boyd Center for Business & Economic Research University of Tennessee
Larry Kessler, Ph.D. Boyd Center for Business & Economic Research University of Tennessee The U.S. economy has now enjoyed 7 years of economic growth since the Great Recession Real GDP grew by 1.2% in
More informationCBO s January Baseline Sets the Stage. CRFB.org
CBO s January Baseline Sets the Stage 1 Trillion-Dollar Deficits Are Returning $1,600 Billions $1,400 $1,200 $1,000 $800 Deficits Increased Almost 800% Deficits Fell 69% Deficits Triple to Nearly $1.4
More informationstrategies will leave them fulfille or high and dry. every da
ownr ar W know what buinth nt tm v in ir r th h w d n a, h wort d... tratgi will lav thm fulfill or high and dry. n i u b What motiovkatp going own r ty? vry da Do thy do it or th mon y for th l ov,? ir
More informationEconomic Growth in the Trump Economy
Economic Growth in the Trump Economy Presented to State Data Center Conference William F. Fox, Director November 18, 2016 GDP Grows, Though Slowly 10.0 8.0 Percentage Change, Previous Qtr, SAAR 6.0 4.0
More informationAgricultural Outlook: Rebalancing U.S. Agriculture
Agricultural Outlook: Rebalancing U.S. Agriculture Michael J. Swanson Ph.D. Agricultural Economist January 2018 2018 Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. All rights reserved. For public use. The U.S. Ag Sector renormalizes!
More informationCommunity HEMP By the Brook Productions and Green Hope Productions. All rights reserved.
HEMP 2 013 By th Brook Productions and Grn Hop Productions. All rights rsrvd. Community d i u G g n i n Scr film by Li A documntary nda Bookr & Bl air Johnson Da vid Ra wl in s Ill us tra tio n by houss,
More informationThe Wisconsin and Minnesota Economies: What can we learn from each other? Noah Williams
The Economies: What can we learn from each other? Noah University of Wisconsin - Madison Future Wisconsin Summit 2016 Economies Location, size, demographics, and history make Wisconsin and Minnesota natural
More informationDepartament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain;
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 Articl Modlling for th inhritanc of ndangrd quid multipl births and
More information3/13/17-3/24/17 - K-Wrap Online Registration For K-Wrap FAQs and more info visit:
Dats to rmmbr: 3/13/17-3/24/17 - K-Wrap Onlin Rgistration For K-Wrap FAQs an mor info visit: http://k-wrap-program.waynschools.com/ 4/14/17-4/21/17 - No School / Goo Friay-Spring Rcss 5/29/17 - No School
More informationTop 1% Income Share and Top MTR
Source: IRS, Statistics of Income Division, Historical Table 23 Top 1% Income Share and Top MTR Top 1% Income Shares (%) 0 5 10 15 20 25 Top 1% (excluding Capital Gains) Top MTR 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
More informationMULTIAXIAL FATIGUE OF A RAILWAY WHEEL STEEL
Journal of Enginring Scinc and Tchnology Vol. 10, No. 9 (2015) 1215-1223 School of Enginring, Taylor s Univrsity MULTIAXIAL FATIGUE OF A RAILWAY WHEEL STEEL CHIN-SUNG CHUNG 1, HO-KYUNG KIM 2, * 1 R&D Cntr,
More informationNational and Virginia Economic Outlook Professor Robert M. McNab Dragas Center for Economic Analysis and Policy Strome College of Business
National and Virginia Economic Outlook Professor Robert M. McNab Dragas Center for Economic Analysis and Policy Strome College of Business October 24, 2018 The forecasts and commentary do not constitute
More informationDeficit Reduction and Economic Growth: Are They Mutually Exclusive Goals? Tuesday, May 1, 2012; 2:30 PM - 3:45 PM
Deficit Reduction and Economic Growth: Are They Mutually Exclusive Goals? Tuesday, May 1, 2012; 2:30 PM - 3:45 PM Moderator: Gillian Tett, U.S. Managing Editor, Financial Times Speakers: Jared Bernstein,
More informationCanadian Teleconference: Can the Canadian Economy Survive the Turmoil in the United States?
Canadian Teleconference: Can the Canadian Economy Survive the Turmoil in the United States? Nigel Gault Chief U.S. Economist Dale Orr Canadian Macroeconomic Services Copyright 2008 Global Insight, Inc.
More informationCONTACT US. NOW LEASING Crossings at El Dorado NEW SHOPPING CENTER DEVELOPMENT PADS AVAILABLE. Phase II. Phase III
11 4 10 33 23 7 Jan. Mn L Suit A 2,900 s.f. Suit B 2,700 s.f. NEW SHOPPING CENTER DEVELOPMENT PADS AVAILABLE 5 k H a i n g t o n at El Dorao 0 60' 200' 20 k 115 stalls 100 ALLS P-2 PAD BLDG'S ALLS Driv
More informationProduct Reliability Qualification Report
Product Rliability Rport Family : PEX8605-AB50NI G PEX8603-AB50NI G USB3382-AB50NI G USB3380-AB50NI G USB2380-AB50NI G Sptmbr 14, 2012 Prpard and Rviwd By: Thoma Huang Quality and Rliability Enginr Approvd
More information10 County Conference. Richard Wobbekind. Executive Director Business Research Division & Senior Associate Dean Leeds School of Business
10 County Conference Richard Wobbekind Executive Director Business Research Division & Senior Associate Dean Leeds School of Business Hmm... (http://myfallsemester.blogspot.com) Real GDP Growth Percent
More informationTHE FUTURE OF SALES TAX REVENUE
THE FUTURE OF SALES TAX REVENUE Presented by Adam Fulton, Senior Economic Associate The Outlook for Sales Taxes State governments rely on state sales taxes for more than a fifth of their revenue Economic
More informationPsychometric Properties of the Level of Knowledge Use Survey (LOKUS) Tool
Psychomtric Proprtis of th Lvl of Knowldg Us Survy (LOKUS) Tool (Shrya Tlang, Machiko Tomita, Vathsala Ston) Prsntr: Vathsala I. Ston vston@buffalo.du Univrsity at Buffalo/Cntr on Knowldg Translation for
More informationAn Experimental Study on Properties of Fly ash Aggregate Comparing with Natural Aggregate
Print ISSN : 2349-8404; Onlin ISSN : 2349-879X; Volum 2, Numbr 11; April Jun, 201 pp 4 8 Krishi Sanskriti Publications http://www.krishisanskriti.org/jct.html An Exprimntal Study on Proprtis of Fly ash
More informationINDIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION, SPORTS AND APPLIED SCIENCE, VOL.8, NO.4,October,2018
Availabl Onlin www.sportscintistsviws.com Journal DOI-05-2016-44975451 Scintific Journal Impact Factor-4.917 BAREFOOT, SHOD AND SHOE SPIKE: WHICH IS MORE EFFICIENT? Dr. Kuldp Singh 1 Mahipal 2 Affiliations:
More information2018 Annual Economic Forecast Dragas Center for Economic Analysis and Policy
2018 Annual Economic Forecast Dragas Center for Economic Analysis and Policy PRESENTING SPONSOR EVENT PARTNERS 2 The forecasts and commentary do not constitute an official viewpoint of Old Dominion University,
More informationGLOBAL FISSILE MATERIAL REPORT 2015
GLOBAL FISSIL MATRIAL RPORT 2015 NUCLAR WAPON AND FISSIL MATRIAL STOCKPILS AND PRODUCTION Zia Mian Alexander Glaser Revision 3 NPT Review Conference United Nations, New York, May 8, 2015 ABOUT TH IPFM
More informationTHE GLOBAL ECONOMY, GLOBAL CHALLENGES & U.S. REAL ESTATE TIMOTHY H. SAVAGE, PH.D. SENIOR MANAGING ECONOMIST PRINCIPAL DATA SCIENTIST
THE GLOBAL ECONOMY, GLOBAL CHALLENGES & U.S. REAL ESTATE TIMOTHY H. SAVAGE, PH.D. SENIOR MANAGING ECONOMIST PRINCIPAL DATA SCIENTIST GROWTH SLIGHTLY BETTER IN THE NEXT 2 YEARS Source: Macrobond, Oxford
More informationThe Global Economy: Sustaining Momentum
The Global Economy: Sustaining Momentum David J. Stockton Senior Fellow Peterson Institute for International Economics Chief Economist Monetary Policy Analytics October 5, 2017 What s Driving the Global
More informationUniform illumination for slim, shallow box signs
Uniform illumination for slim, shallow box signs Koldo Affinium postrbox s (LPM300), spcially dsignd for shallow box signs Uniform illumination for slim, shallow box signs Koldo Affinium postrbox s (LPM300)
More informationEconomic Overview. Melissa K. Peralta Senior Economist April 27, 2017
Economic Overview Melissa K. Peralta Senior Economist April 27, 2017 TTX Overview TTX functions as the industry s railcar cooperative, operating under pooling authority granted by the Surface Transportation
More informationUnited Nations Conference on Trade and Development
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development 11 th MULTI-YEAR EXPERT MEETING ON COMMODITIES AND DEVELOPMENT 15-16 April 2019, Geneva Saudi economic growth strategy on the face of oil price uncertainty
More information01/31/ Basketball Home Stretch
Eastrn Illinois Univrsity Th Kp 1984 Prss Rlass 1-31-1984 01/31/1984 - Basktball Hom Strtch Univrsity Markting and Communications Follow this and additional works at: http://thkp.iu.du/prss_rlass_1984
More informationThe Auction Market In 2015 & 2016 Review & Forecast. Dr. Ira Silver NAAA Economist
The Auction Market In 2015 & 2016 Review & Forecast Dr. Ira Silver NAAA Economist silver@naaa.com Agenda Economic conditions Economic outlook Light vehicle sales Light vehicle sales outlook NAAA 2015 Annual
More informationRBC Economics Financial Update Dawn Desjardins
RBC Economics Financial Update Dawn Desjardins CICA/RBC Q4 2011 Business Monitor Economic Results Overview Business and Economic Optimism Begin to Stablize 100 % 80 % 60 % 40 % 20 % 0 % National Optimism
More informationEconomic Outlook. Peter Rupert Professor and Chair Department of Economics, UCSB Director, UCSB Economic Forecast Project
Economic Outlook Peter Rupert Professor and Chair Department of Economics, UCSB Director, UCSB Economic Forecast Project League of California Cities Monterey, CA December 3, 2014 Economic Update economic
More informationEFFECTS OF EXTENDING AND EXPANDING ENERGY-EFFICIENCY TAX DEDUCTION FOR COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS
EFFECTS OF EXTENDING AND EXPANDING ENERGY-EFFICIENCY TAX DEDUCTION FOR COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS Prepared by Regional Economic Models, Inc. (REMI) Agenda Overview of 179D tax provision Energy efficiency and
More informationTAX REFORM AND THE BUDGET
TAX REFORM AND THE BUDGET Len Burman Daniel Patrick Moynihan Professor of Public Affairs, Maxwell School, Syracuse University OASIS February 9, 2011 Part I: About the Budget How did you go bankrupt? Bill
More informationComposition of Federal Spending
*For Institutional Use Only* Demographic and Economic Trends: Growth, Debt and Promises Douglas C. Robinson RCM Robinson Capital Management LLC SEC Registered Investment Advisory Firm Advisory services
More informationTelling Canada s story in numbers Elizabeth Richards Analytical Studies Branch April 20, 2017
Recent Developments in the Canadian Economy: How have the decline in oil prices and a weaker Canadian dollar affected Canada s economy? www.statcan.gc.ca Telling Canada s story in numbers Elizabeth Richards
More informationFriday, May 22, NAR Convention
NAR Convention 5-14-09 NAR Convention 5-14-09 Lawrence Yun, NAR Chief Economist NAR Marketing Tips!Provide Market Data to buyers!forbes Buyer Survey: Now good time to buy home!best Banner Ads: 1. Has Market
More informationNew Directions in Bottle Collecting A Reminiscience of 53 Years of Bottle Collecting in South Carolina Antique Bottle Collecting Histories
26 - Jun 26 Part 2 of 4 A Rminiscinc Rminiscnc of 53 Yars of Bottl Collcting in South Carolina by Harvy S. Tal Antiqu Bottl Collcting Historis On of a sris... Up and coming diggr Lbby Clmnti with Stv Harris
More informationTHE NEUTRAL ZONE TRAP
\ OTTAWA DSTRCT HOCKEY ASSOCATON OTTAWA DSTRCT MNOR HOCKEY ASSOCATON THE NEUTRAL ZONE TRAP Th Nutral Zon Trap is an xtnsion of th basic 1-2-2 forchcking schm into th nutral zon combind with a two man trap
More informationBasic Horse Genetics.
A l a b a m a A & M a n d A u b u r n U n i v r s i t i s Basic Hors Gntics ANR-1420 Undrstanding th basic principls of gntics and gn-slction mthods is ssntial for popl in th hors-brding businss and is
More informationCalgary Islamic School Omar Bin Al Khattab Campus. School Goals Palliser Regional Schools
Calgar Islamic School Omar Bin Al Khattab Campus School Goals Pallisr Rgional Schools 2017-2018 Accountabilit Pillar Ovrall Summar 3-Yar Plan - Ma 2017 School: 1722 Calgar Islamic School, Omar Bin Al-Khattab
More informationquebec open 2011 djudo competition din 2010 several countries participated: October 8th and 9th Centre Pierre-Charbonneau Montreal
qubc opn 2011 Octobr 8th and 9th Cntr Pirr-Charbonnau Montral djudo comptition U15, U17, U20, snior and mastrs din 2010 svral countris participatd: V rs i n ón n l vrd s int pa r n ño ior l USA, Franc,
More informationHow Much Wind Is in the Sails?
How Much Wind Is in the Sails? Erie Chamber of Commerce Place cover image here Richard Wobbekind Senior Economist and Associate Dean for Business and Government Relations September 20, 2017 Real GDP Growth
More informationAmbulatory Physical Activity in Swiss Army Recruits
716 Training & Tsting Amulatory Physical Activity in Swiss Army Rcruits Authors Affiliation T. Wyss, J. Schfflr, U. Mädr Swiss Fdral Institut of Sports Magglingn SFISM, Sport and Prformanc Unit, Magglingn,
More informationEconomic Update and Outlook
Economic Update and Outlook NAIOP Vancouver Chapter November 15, 2012 Helmut Pastrick Chief Economist Central 1 Credit Union Outline: Global, U.S., and Canadian economic conditions Canada economic and
More informationGlobal Outlook for Agriculture Trend versus Cycle
Global Outlook for Agriculture Trend versus Cycle Michael Swanson Ph.D. Wells Fargo October 2017 Everything is connected we just don t see how. Connection corollary: Nothing natural moves in a straight
More informationSeven Lean Years Explaining Persistent Global Economic Weakness
Seven Lean Years Explaining Persistent Global Economic Weakness 9 June 2015 Bank of Canada and European Central Bank Conference Tim Lane Deputy Governor Bank of Canada The global economy remains weak and
More informationmissed. The football you ve
Th football you v missd. Rmmbr th glory days. Grass in bad conditions, rain mudding th rough pitch. Elvn tough guys a sid that will transform a gam in an pic battl that maks you long for match day all
More informationIs this time really dierent? Long term macroeconomic paerns in the US economy
Is this time really dierent? Long term macroeconomic paerns in the US economy G. Dosi M. E. Virgillito Scuola Superiore Sant Anna (R)EVOLUTION ROAD Turin, 25 October G. Dosi (SSSUP) The IV Industrial Revolution
More informationZions Bank Economic Overview
Zions Bank Economic Overview Kenworth National Dealers Conference November 8, 2018 1 National Economic Conditions 2 Volatility Returns to the Stock Market 27,000 Dow Jones Industrial Average October 10,
More informationWhy Is the Recovery from the Financial Crisis So Sluggish?
Why Is the Recovery from the Financial Crisis So Sluggish? Robert E. Hall Hoover Institution and Department of Economics Stanford University Keynote Address Agricultural and Applied Economics Association
More informationCountryside Nite Out THE PILOT NEWS GROUP. Section 1. Door Prizes Children 5 - $10 gift certificate Adults 4 - $50 gift certificates
Dals Worth th Driv Sction 1 TH PLOT NWS GOUP Pilot Nws Nws-Mirror Novmbr 2017 Spcial Supplmnt to: Countrysid Nit Out Dcmbr 8 2 p.m. to midnight Holiday Hours: Opn Sat till 3 p.m. (Novmbr 26-January 7)
More informationEconomic performance of the airline industry end-2017 update
Economic performance of the airline industry end-2017 update December 2017 Brian Pearce, Chief Economist, IATA www.iata.org/economics Airline Industry Economics Advisory Workshop 2016 1 City-pair connections
More informationGETTING STARTED INSTALLATION GUIDE HID CONVERSION KIT. Please make sure all parts are included in your HID kit.
v1.0 030718 HI ONVRSION KIT INSTLLTION UI Profssional installation is rcommndd. LL HI KITS R INSTLL T YOUR OWN RISK! OPT7 and its affiliats will not b hld liabl for any damag or cost associatd with installation
More informationGETTING STARTED HID CONVERSION KIT INSTALLATION GUIDE. Please make sure all parts are included in your HID kit.
v1.0.031318 HI ONVRSION KIT INSTLLTION UI Profssional installation is rcommndd. LL HI KITS R INSTLL T YOUR OWN RISK! OPT7 and its affiliats will not b hld liabl for any damag or cost associatd with installation
More informationTRANSIT TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM FOR RTD SOUTHEAST CORRIDOR EXTENSION PROJECT. January Prepared By Southeast Corridor Extension Project Team
TRANSIT TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM FOR RTD SOUTHEAST CORRIDOR EXTENSION PROJECT Jauary 2010 Prpard By Southast Corridor Extsio Projct Tam I som cass, iformatio i this Eviromtal Tchical Rport may hav b rfid or
More informationA comment on recent events, and...
A comment on recent events, and... where we are in the current economic cycle November 15, 2016 Mark Schniepp Director Likely Trump Policies $4 to $5 Trillion in tax cuts over 10 years to corporations,
More informationKEYSTONE 2009/2010 SEASON
FREE! ANDY'S SKI&RIDE GUIDES KEYSTONE 2009/2010 SEASON Evry trail dscribd & ratd Hints for gtting around Grat for all skirs and ridrs Tabl Of Contnts WHAT ARE ANDY S SKI & RIDE GUIDES?... 5 SYSTEM... 7
More informationSome aspects of spawning season and biology of Indian Oil sardine, Sardinella longiceps along, Goa Karwar sector of West Coast of India
Indian Journal of Go Marin Scincs Vol. 45 (11), Novmbr 2016, pp. 1481-1486 Som aspcts of spawning sason and biology of Indian Oil sardin, Sardinlla longicps along, Goa Karwar sctor of Wst Coast of India
More informationEconomic and Real Estate Outlook
Economic and Real Estate Outlook By Lawrence Yun, Ph.D. Chief Economist, National Association of REALTORS Presentation at Charlottesville Area Association of REALTORS October 13, 2016 1990 1991 1992 1993
More information2014 Economic Forecast: Boulder & Beyond. Keynote Presentation
2014 Economic Forecast: Boulder & Beyond Keynote Presentation Business Research Division Richard Wobbekind Executive Director Business Research Division & Senior Associate Dean Leeds School of Business
More informationEconomic Update and Prospects for 2019 Professor Robert M. McNab Dragas Center for Economic Analysis and Policy Strome College of Business
Economic Update and Prospects for 2019 Professor Robert M. McNab Dragas Center for Economic Analysis and Policy Strome College of Business January 3, 2019 The forecasts and commentary do not constitute
More informationST. JAMES PLANTATION BICYCLE ROUTES. A seatown, a hometown, a timeless way of life.
ST. JAMES PLANTATION BICYCLE ROUTES A satown, a homtown, a timlss way of lif. 6 Bicycling Tips War your hlmt. Follow this simpl rul and rduc your risk of srious injury by as much as 85 prcnt. Plan ahad
More informationThe Economic Outlook. Economic Policy Division
The Economic Outlook Economic Policy Division Glass Half Full Six plus years of moderate growth Real GDP Outlook Percent Change, Annual Rate 10 5 0-5 -10 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Glass Half
More information(304) WVPEBD (304) Manor Group (267)
SMS: Brin Storag Tanks - Fibrglass Catgory: Tanks Projct ID #: 1004161901 Strt Addrss: Multipl Locations Charlston WV Valu 25305 County: Kanawha Stag: SUBBIDS: ASAP Bid Dat: 10/13/2016, 01:30PM Architct:
More informationThe Changing Global Economy Impacts on Seaports and Trade Dr. Walter Kemmsies
The Changing Global Economy Impacts on Seaports and Trade Dr. Walter Kemmsies Chief Economist, PAGI Group, JLL (Port, Airport & Global Infrastructure) Agenda Where are we in the cycle? What are the barriers
More informationReal GDP Growth Quarterly Real GDP
Real GDP Growth Quarterly Real GDP Percent Change, SAAR 10.0 8.0 6.0 4.0 2.0 0.0-2.0-4.0-6.0-8.0-10.0 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 Sources: Bureau of Economic Analysis
More informationCompetitiveness
North Carolina ted@econleadership.com Competitiveness NC Everyone has a plan till they get hit in the mouth Mike Tyson The Punch Job Change 1990 to 2012 200,000 180,000 160,000 140,000 120,000 100,000
More informationSpilling the Honey. Editors: Gina Gallucci and Linda Tillman
Spilling th Hony GBA Monthly Nwslttr Editors: Gina Gallucci and Linda Tillman January 2014 Photo by Brutz English. Bkpr in photo is Wayn Hughs of Upson County, GA This is th covr photo of th GBA Facbook
More informationNet Migration to Montana Growth in the Gallatin. Net Migration to Eastern/Northern Montana. Resident Population July 1, 2006 (in 1000s)
Growth in the Gallatin Douglas J. Young Professor of Economics Montana State University January 16, 28 2, 15, 1, 5, -5, -1, Net Migration to Montana 199-2 1-19 2-29 3-39 4-49 5-59 6-69 7-79 Census 199
More information2001 RUTGERS Turfgrass Proceedings
200 RUTGERS Turfgrass Procdings Rutgrs Univrsity THE NEW JERSEY TURFGRASS ASSOCIATION In Coopration With RUTGERS COOPERATIVE EXTENSION NEW JERSEY AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIVERSITY
More informationNational and Regional Economic Outlook. Central Southern CAA Conference
National and Regional Economic Outlook Central Southern CAA Conference Dr. Mira Farka & Dr. Adrian R. Fleissig California State University, Fullerton April 13, 2011 The Painfully Slow Recovery The Painfully
More informationFairway Overseeding: Does It Make Dollars or Sense?
lvhr concntratd cart traffic occurs du to bunkrs, mounds, or trs, th brmudagrass will transition poorly. Fairway Ovrsding: Dos It Mak Dollars or Sns? Objctivly valuating th impacts of fairway ovrsding
More information2019 Economic Outlook: Will the Recovery Ever End?
2019 Economic Outlook: Will the Recovery Ever End? Advantage Bank Place cover image here Richard Wobbekind Senior Economist and Associate Dean for Business and Government Relations November 15 th, 2018
More information