.BFA BM.I. Wolfgang Taucher - Mathias Vogl - Peter Webinger. Middle East & North Africa DEMOGRAPHICS

Transcription

1 Wolfgang Taucher - Mathias Vogl - Peter Webinger DEMOGRAPHICS Middle East & North Africa BM.I REPUBLIC OF AUSTRIA FEDERAL MINISTRY OF THE INTERIOR.BFA REPUBLIC OF AUSTRIA FEDERAL OFFICE FOR IMMIGRATION AND ASYLUM

2 Wolfgang Taucher - Mathias Vogl - Peter Webinger DEMOGRAPHICS Middle East & North Africa BM.I REPUBLIC OF AUSTRIA FEDERAL MINISTRY OF THE INTERIOR.BFA REPUBLIC OF AUSTRIA FEDERAL OFFICE FOR IMMIGRATION AND ASYLUM

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4 Contents Preface Wolfgang Taucher, Mathias Vogl, Peter Webinger...5 North Africa...6 Morocco...8 Algeria...10 Tunisia...12 Libya...14 Egypt...16 Middle East...18 Turkey...20 Syria...22 Jordan...24 Iraq...26 Iran (Islamic Republic of)...28 Afghanistan...30 Pakistan...32 Sources...35 Imprint...37

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6 Preface The latest edition of our regiones et res publicae series takes a look at the demographic trends in the Middle East and North Africa. As this region is home to some of the main source countries of migrants, monitoring population trends as one of the key determinants of future migration flows is essential. Demography is, of course, just one indicator of potential migration flows. Rapidly growing, young populations do require significant economic growth to allow the successive cohorts of young adults to enter the labor markets and become economically self-sustaining. Such a concurrence would allow reaping a demographic dividend, while the absence of economic growth would in turn leave large segments of the population without any perspectives. North Africa and the Middle East are essentially intertwined with the European Union when it comes to migration as transit as well of countries of origin. The understanding of the population dynamics of this region of course in synopsis with economic and labor market trends will help comprehend current dynamics and potential future developments. This edition was published in collaboration with the International Centre for Migration Policy Development (ICMPD). Wolfgang Taucher Mathias Vogl Peter Webinger Director of the Federal Office Director-General for Deputy Director-General for Immigration and Asylum Legal Affairs for Legal Affairs Austrian Federal Ministry Austrian Federal Ministry Austrian Federal Ministry of the Interior of the interior of the interior 6

7 7 NORTH AFRICA

8 Total population Age distribution 0 19 years years 65+ years Gender ratio 50,52% 49,48% 50,43% 49,57% 50,38% 49,62% 50,36% 49,64% ,40% 7,62% 9,38% 11,23% 57,44% 57,61% 57,31% 57,17% 36,16% 34,77% 33,32% 31,60% 8 female male

9 9 MOROCCO

10 Total population Age distribution 0 19 years years 65+ years Gender ratio 50,52% 49,48% 50,43% 49,57% 50,38% 49,62% 50,36% 49,64% ,40% 7,62% 9,38% 11,23% 57,44% 57,61% 57,31% 57,17% 36,16% 34,77% 33,32% 31,60% 10 female male

11 11 ALGERIA

12 Total population Age distribution 4,89% 6,86% 7,92% 9,26% 48,28% 56,75% 55,72% 56,59% 46,82% 36,40% 36,36% 34,15% 0 19 years years 65+ years Gender ratio 49,50% 50,50% 49,50% 50,50% 49,50% 50,50% 49,52% 50,48% 12 female male

13 13 TUNISIA

14 Total population Age distribution 7,61% 8,83% 10,46% 12,42% 61,36% 60,42% 59,06% 58,22% 31,03% 30,75% 30,48% 29,35% 0 19 years years 65+ years Gender ratio 50,59% 49,41% 50,57% 49,43% 50,57% 49,43% 50,57% 49,43% 14 female male

15 15 LIBYA

16 Total population Age distribution 4,32% 4,64% 5,24% 6,49% 58,47% 59,81% 61,22% 62,53% 37,21% 35,55% 33,54% 30,99% 0 19 years years 65+ years Gender ratio 49,51% 50,49% 49,62% 50,38% 49,75% 50,25% 49,89% 50,11% female male 16

17 17 EGYPT

18 Total population Age distribution 5,06% 5,33% 5,89% 6,57% 53,12% 52,90% 53,14% 53,76% 41,81% 41,77% 40,97% 39,67% 0 19 years years 65+ years Gender ratio 49,45% 50,55% 49,44% 50,56% 49,47% 50,53% 49,51% 50,49% female male 18

19 19 MIDDLE EAST

20 Total population Age distribution 5,06% 5,33% 5,89% 6,57% 53,12% 52,90% 53,14% 53,76% 41,81% 41,77% 40,97% 39,67% 0 19 years years 65+ years Gender ratio 49,45% 50,55% 49,44% 50,56% 49,47% 50,53% 49,51% 50,49% female male 20

21 21 TURKEY

22 Total population Age distribution 7,80% 8,82% 10,36% 12,08% 58,09% 59,24% 59,86% 59,91% 34,11% 31,94% 29,78% 28,00% 0 19 years years 65+ years Gender ratio 50,81% 49,19% 50,68% 49,32% 50,77% 49,23% 50,81% 49,19% female male 22

23 23 SYRIA

24 Total population Age distribution 4,04% 4,90% 5,40% 6,31% 46,34% 48,57% 53,58% 55,92% 49,62% 46,53% 41,02% 37,76% 0 19 years years 65+ years Gender ratio 49,42% 50,58% 49,66% 50,34% 49,86% 50,14% 49,87% 50,13% female male 24

25 25 JORDAN

26 Total population Age distribution 3,76% 3,94% 4,42% 5,40% 50,14% 51,89% 53,61% 55,06% 46,09% 44,17% 41,97% 39,53% 0 19 years years 65+ years Gender ratio 49,33% 50,67% 49,34% 50,66% 49,21% 50,79% 49,05% 50,95% female male 26

27 27 IRAQ

28 Total population Age distribution 3,07% 3,36% 3,37% 3,58% 45,73% 46,62% 47,73% 48,90% 51,19% 50,02% 48,91% 47,53% 0 19 years years 65+ years Gender ratio 49,40% 50,60% 49,35% 50,65% 49,33% 50,67% 49,31% 50,69% female male 28

29 29 IRAN

30 Total population Age distribution 5,03% 6,26% 7,89% 9,88% 64,41% 63,91% 63,62% 64,49% 30,55% 29,83% 28,50% 25,63% 0 19 years years 65+ years Gender ratio 49,67% 50,33% 49,74% 50,26% 49,81% 50,19% 49,87% 50,13% female male 30

31 31 AFGHANISTAN

32 Total population Age distribution 2,49% 2,69% 2,91% 3,18% 41,28% 44,04% 47,37% 50,78% 56,23% 53,28% 49,72% 46,04% 0 19 years years 65+ years Gender ratio 48,45% 51,55% 48,54% 51,46% 48,62% 51,38% 48,71% 51,29% female male 32

33 33 PAKISTAN

34 Total population Age distribution 4,48% 4,55% 4,95% 5,53% 50,28% 51,83% 52,71% 54,12% 45,24% 43,63% 42,35% 40,35% 0 19 years years 65+ years Gender ratio 48,63% 51,37% 48,64% 51,36% 48,66% 51,34% 48,70% 51,30% female male 34

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36 Sources United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision, DVD Edition. 36

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38 Imprint Published by Wolfgang Taucher Mathias Vogl Peter Webinger Austrian Federal Ministry of the Interior Herrengasse 7 I 1010 Vienna I Austria BFA-Staatendokumentation@bmi.gv.at Editors Alexander Schahbasi, Thomas Schrott I Austrian Federal Ministry of the Interior Research Martin Hofmann I International Centre for Migration Policy Development Editorial Team Sarah Kratschmayr, Marina Prohaska I Austrian Federal Ministry of the Interior Layout Natalie Raskovic, Martin Angel I Austrian Federal Ministry of the Interior Print Austrian Federal Ministry of the Interior Disclaimer The content of this publication was researched and edited with utmost care. Liability for the correctness, completeness and up-to-dateness of contents cannot be incurred. The Austrian Federal Ministry of the Interior, the publishers, editors and individuals involved in the publication do not assume any liability for possible damages or consequences arising from the usage, application or dissemination of the contents offered. The responsibility for the correctness of information provided by third parties lies with respective publishers and thus excludes liability by the publishers and editors of this volume. The contents of this publication do not represent positions of the Austrian Federal Ministry of the Interior or the editors. The boundaries on the maps used in this publication do not imply official endorsement of acceptance. The publication does not claim completeness and is based on the quoted sources. Copyright This publication and all the data therein are protected by copyright. All rights of utilization are reserved to the Austrian Federal Ministry of the Interior. Reproduction and distribution in any possible way for commercial and non-commercial usage are prohibited without prior written permission by the editors. ISBN Austrian Federal Ministry of the Interior 38

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42 regiones et res publicae - Country Analysis Reports 1 2 SOMALIA Security, Minorities & Migration AFGHANISTAN 2014 and beyond 3 PAKISTAN Challenges & Perspectives 4 THE KURDS History - Religion - Language - Politics 5 SYRIA, IRAQ & AFGHANISTAN Mapping migration, social media and topography 6 DEMOGRAPHICS Middle East & North Africa ISBN