More than half the world lives on less than $2 a day

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1 More than half the world lives on less than $2 a day PRB s 2005 World Population Data Sheet reveals persisting global inequalities in health and well-being Presentation by Bill Butz, Carl Haub, Linda Jacobsen, and Roger-Mark De Souza of the Population Reference Bureau, August 23, 2005

2 The Demographic Divide : The example of Tanzania and Poland Tanzania Poland Population 2005 (millions) Population Lifetime Births per Woman Annual Number of Births 1,500, ,000 Percent of Population Below Age Percent of Population Age Life Expectancy at Birth Annual Number of Infant Deaths Percent Living Below US$2 a Day 105,000 2, <2

3 Global population growth: A developing country phenomenon Billions Developing countries Developed countries Source: United Nations Populations Division, World Population Prospects, The 2004 Revision, medium variant.

4 Europe is the only world region projected to decline in population by Millions North America Latin America/ Caribbean Europe Africa 885 1,941 Asia 3,875 5,385

5 In the developed countries there are fewer and fewer young people, more and more elderly (2005). Millions Age Males Females Source: United Nations Populations Division, World Population Prospects, The 2004 Revision.

6 The young population of the developing countries has great growth potential (2005). Millions Age Males Females Source: United Nations Populations Division, World Population Prospects, The 2004 Revision.

7 India s fertility has declined in fits and starts. Births per 1,000 population Birth rate stabilizes following unpopular birth control program during the emergency of the 1970s Resumption of gradual birth rate decrease Source: Registrar General of India, Sample Registration System.

8 Fertility varies widely across the states of India. Children per woman Kerala Tamil Nadu Andhra Pradesh Maharashtra Karnataka Orissa Gujarat Haryana Madhya Pradesh Rajasthan Bihar Uttar Pradesh Source: Registrar General of India, Sample Registration System, 2002.

9 Thailand represents a smooth transition to below-replacement fertility. Children per woman Family planning program officially begins Source: United Nations Population Division and Population Reference Bureau.

10 Fertility is higher in the United States than in most other developed countries. Children per woman South Korea Italy Japan Germany Spain Canada United Kingdom Netherlands Sweden Australia France United States Source: PRB, 2005 World Population Data Sheet.

11 Fertility differs considerably among race and ethnic groups in the United States. Children per woman White, non- Hispanic 1.86 Asian/Pacific Islander 1.87 Black, non- Hispanic 2.03 Hispanic 2.79 Mexican 2.88 Source: National Center for Health Statistics.

12 People are living longer than ever before in the U.S., but gaps in life expectancy between blacks and whites persist. Years White female Black female 70 White male Black male Source: National Center for Health Statistics.

13 Infant mortality for blacks has remained twice as high as infant mortality for whites since the early 1980s. Infant deaths per 1,000 births Black, non-hispanic Hispanic White, non-hispanic Asian Source: National Center for Health Statistics.

14 Decreases in the rates of child poverty have not closed the gap between minority and white children. Percent living in poverty Black Hispanic White, non-hispanic Source: Federal Interagency Forum on Child and Family Statistics.

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16 In many parts of the world, rural populations still lack access to safe drinking water. Sub-Saharan Africa South-Central Asia East Asia Western Asia Rura l Urban Latin America/Caribbean Eastern Europe North America Source: Based on UNICEF, End-Decade Databases, January 2005.

17 Six of the top 15 energy users are lowincome countries. Total energy use, in millions of metric tons of oil equivalent, 2002 Iran, Islamic Rep. Indonesia Mexico Italy Brazil Korea, Rep. United Kingdom Canada France Germany Japan India Russian Federation China United States ,228 2,290 Source: World Bank, 2005 World Development Indicators: table 3.7.

18 High-income countries have the highest energy use per capita. Energy use per capita, in thousands of kilograms of oil equivalent, 2002 France New Zealand Netherlands Belgium Sweden Australia Saudi Arabia Norway Singapore Finland Trinidad & Tobago United States Canada Kuwait United Arab Emirates Source: World Bank, 2005 World Development Indicators: table 3.7.

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