Long term biosolids experiments: Nitrogen and Organic Matter

Transcription

1 Long term iosolis experiments: Nitrogen n Orgni Mtter Crig Cogger, Any Bry, n Liz Myhre WSU Puyllup

2 Tll fesue experiment Puyllup, Wshington 2 Biosolis tretments: ewtere lss A ke n lss A ry prout Biosolis pplitions Resiul mesurements

3 Fiel Experiment Biosolis pplie to surfe Grss hrveste t y intervls uring growing seson Forge yiel, N onentrtion n N uptke mesure. Plnt ville N lulte

4 Biosolis pplition , 6, n 9 ry ton//yr (~ 250, 500, n 750 l N/re/yr) Inorgni N tretment (360 l//yr) Zero-N tretment Biosolis pplitions split over 3 tes/yr, inorgni N split over 5-6 tes/yr

5 Resiul N phse : Biosolis pplie Totl pplition: 67, 134, n 201 Mg/h : All plots reeive 180 l inorgni N/re/yr, split over 6 tes. No iosolis pplie

6 Biosolis pplitions le to long-term yiel inrese uring resiul perio Forge yiel, Mg h Applition e Resiul Zero-N Inorgni N Biosoli Low Biosoli Meium Biosoli High fw3 forge yiel 20jun12

7 Apprent N reovery lso showe long-term inrese Apprent N reovery, kg/h Applition Resiul Inorgni N Biosoli Low Biosoli Meium Biosoli High fw3 s 3

8 Post-hrvest soil nitrte-n to 30 m epth Soil nitrte, NO 3 -N kg h NS ** ** *** *** *** * ** *** ** Biosoli Low Biosoli Meium Biosoli High Inorgni Chek *** NS NS NS Yer 2012 fw3 soil nitrte 20jun12

9 Cumultive N remove in grss hrvest Men of oth iosolis soures Biosolis Inorgni N % of N pplie Totl 51 72

10 Fte of N pplie in iosolis n inorgni N, Grss uptke Soil N 2011 Cumultive fll nitrte Unounte Biosolis N Applie Inorgni N Applie

11 Soil ron ws higher in iosolis tretments 9 yers fter the finl iosolis pplitions Soil ron, mg/kg Biosolis low Biosolis meium Biosolis high Inorgni N Zero-N m 8-15 m m 0-8 m 8-15 m m Depth, m fw3 soil P ulk ens t 20ug12.JNB

12 Bulk ensity ws lower in the iosolis tretments t the en of the pplition perio, ut not 9 yers lter. 1.4 Soil ulk ensity, g/ml Biosolis low Biosolis meium Biosolis high Inorgni N Zero-N Yer

13 C n N umultion in soil s % of iosolis C n N pplie Tll fesue: Applie for 10 yers, mesure 9 yers fter finl pplition. N inrese = 20% of totl N pplie C inrese = 29% of totl C pplie

14 Bry-1 P remins high 9 yers fter finl iosolis pplitions. 700 Soil Bry-1 P, mg/kg Biosolis low Biosolis meium Biosolis high Inorgni N Zero-N exessive m 8-15 m m m m Depth, m

15 No tren in lef tissue Zn onentrtions ws seen over time Forge grss zin onentrtion, mg/kg t iosolis /yr Inorgni N Yer forge zin 16ug12

16 Long-term ryln whet-fllow experiment Dougls County, WA 1994-present Alternting winter whet n fllow Biosolis pplie every 4 th yer, rop hrveste every 2 yers

17 Long-term ryln whet-fllow experiment Biosolis rtes: 2, 3, 4.5 ry tons/ eh pplition Inorgni N 50 l/ eh rop Zero-N ontrol Totl iosolis pplie : 22, 34, n 50 Mg h -1

18 Mesurements Grin yiel Grin protein Test weight Soil N Soil C Bulk ensity, enzymes, nutrients, tre elements

19 Grin yiel DTBS 3DTBS 4.5DTBS Inorgni N Zero-N Grin Yiel, l/ Yer

20 Yiels verge over the first rop n seon rop following iosolis pplition Grin yiel, l/ t/ iosolis 3 t/ iosolis 4.5 t/ iosolis Inorgni N Zero-N men First rop men Seon rop men

21 High iosolis rtes inrese grin protein t/ iosolis 3 t/ iosolis 4.5 t/ iosolis Inorgni N Zero-N Grin protien, perent men First rop men Seon rop men

22 Agronomi pplitions of iosolis inrese soil C in the upper 4 inhes of soil Totl C, mg/kg t/ iosolis 3 t/ iosolis 4.5 t/ iosolis Inorgni N Zero-N Depth, Inhes

23 Soil N showe similr trens to soil C Totl N, mg/kg t/ iosolis 3 t/ iosolis 4.5 t/ iosolis Inorgni N Zero-N Depth, Inhes

24 C n N umultion in soil s % of iosolis C n N pplie Whet: Applie every 4 th yer sine 1994 N inrese = 33% of totl N pplie C inrese = 65% of totl C pplie

25 Olsen P inrese in throughout the upper 12 inhes of the iosolis plots. Soil P, mg/kg Depth, Inhes 2t/ iosolis 3 t/ iosolis 4.5 t/ iosolis Inorgni N Zero-N

26 Soil ph ws < 6 in the upper 4 inhes of ll fertilize tretments Soil ph t/ iosolis 3 t/ iosolis 4.5 t/ iosolis Inorgni N Zero-N Depth, Inhes

27 Summry Repete iosolis pplitions proue signifint long-term inreses in soil C n N n plnt ville N. Storge of C in soil n replement of fertilizer N help mitigte greenhouse gs emissions s well s improve rop proutivity n profitility. Tre element levels inrese in soil n forge, ut remine in enefiil rnges. Phosphorus is the element most likely to limit repete iosolis pplitions.