A MUSE OF FIRE British Trench Warfare Munitions, their Invention, Manufacture and Tactical Employment on the Western Front,

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "A MUSE OF FIRE British Trench Warfare Munitions, their Invention, Manufacture and Tactical Employment on the Western Front,"

Transcription

1 A MUSE OF FIRE British Trench Warfare Munitions, their Invention, Manufacture and Tactical Employment on the Western Front, Submitted by Anthony James Saunders to the University of Exeter as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History, September This thesis is available for library use on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement. I certify that all material in this thesis which is not my own work has been identified and that no material has previously been submitted and approved for the award of a degree by this or any other university. Anthony Saunders

2 Abstract The emergence of static warfare on the Western Front in late 1914 encouraged the reinvention of devices associated with siege warfare and the invention of hitherto unknown munitions. These munitions included hand and rifle grenades and trench mortars and their ammunition. At the outbreak of war, the British effectively possessed none of these devices and lacked an infrastructure by which they could be quickly designed, manufactured and supplied to the British Expeditionary Force (BEF). The British met this challenge with considerable success. The subsequent proliferation of trench warfare munitions had profound consequences for the evolution of British tactics on the Western Front. This thesis examines the processes by which these devices were invented, developed into manufacturable devices and supplied to the BEF. It considers their novelty in respect to similar devices from the American Civil War and the Russo-Japanese War. It looks at how their technical evolution affected tactical developments. The thesis discusses the relationship between the technical characteristics of these devices and the evolution of their tactical employment. It also considers how the characteristics of certain munitions, such as the Stokes mortar and the Mills grenade, directly affected tactics. It argues that the tactical employment of these munitions was dependent upon their functionality, utility and reliability. The present thesis provides a different model of trench warfare conducted by the British on the Western Front and, thereby, demonstrates the significance of the novel munitions under discussion and the role they played in changing infantry warfare. This thesis also provides a different view of the Ministry of Munitions from that usually offered. It argues that certain aspects of the Ministry s role in providing the BEF with munitions has been overstated in the standard interpretation of the Ministry s work; the Ministry deliberately underplayed the work of the War Office, while overlooking that conducted by the Royal Engineers in France. 2

3 O! for a Muse of fire, that would ascend The brightest heaven of invention; A kingdom for a stage, princes to act And monarchs to behold the swelling scene. Then should the war-like Harry, like himself, Assume the port of Mars; and at his heels, Leash d in like hounds, should famine, sword, and fire Crouch for employment. William Shakespeare, The Life of Henry the Fifth, Prologue, lines 1 8

4 Contents Abstract 2 List of figures 6 List of tables 8 Acknowledgements 9 1 Object and Scope 11 Technicalities, invention and novelty 15 The politics of invention 19 A question of anticipation 21 Prior publications 22 Sources, breadth and limitations 27 Summary of objects 29 2 Trench Warfare Munitions before Hand grenades c Innovation in the American Civil War, The Russo-Japanese War, Innovation in Manchuria 44 Consequences of the Russo-Japanese War 46 Commercial drive, Looking forwards 55 3 The Bureaucracy of Invention 63 The problem of novel munitions 64 Inventing a new process handling novelty 66 Invention and design 70 Evolutions and convolutions of organisation 74 Royal Engineers 78 Towards a common goal 83 4 A Question of Engineering 93 Demand versus supply 93 Evaluating novel munitions 94 Manufacture and inspection 100 A multi-functional approach 104 Output 108 Engineering solutions Inventing Grenades 124 Addressing the technical tactical relationship 125 Grenade types 127 Utility of purpose 129 Lethality 135 Functionality and reliability 138 The impracticalities of percussion-fuzed grenades 145 Technical evolutions 149

5 6 Inventing the Trench Mortar 160 Types of mortar 161 Ammunition and propellants 163 Utility of purpose 166 Lethality and destructiveness 169 Functionality 171 Second-generation developments 176 The problem of fuzing 177 Evolution The Evolution of Grenade Warfare 192 Handling procedures 193 Shooting a rifle grenade 197 Throwing techniques 199 Learning the art of bombing 200 The tactics of grenade warfare 207 The rise and fall of grenade warfare The Tactical Employment of Mortars 223 Organisation and Drill 224 Battery positions and emplacements 228 Gunnery 234 Tactical roles of mortars 236 Tactical employment of the Stokes mortar 237 Training 244 Tactical maturity and the light mortar Conclusions Invention, Firepower and Mobility 252 Asking the right question 252 The question of novelty 256 The role of manufacture 260 Organisation and management 262 Inventors and inventions 266 Tactics and technology 268 A new model of infantry warfare 270 Glossary and Abbreviations 276 Sources and Bibliography 283

6 List of Figures Fig. 1 British improvised hand grenade from the siege of Mafeking, Fig. 2 Parlour s hand grenade of c Fig. 3 Ketchum hand grenades 39 Fig. 4 No. 19 hand grenade of Fig. 5 Drawings from Adams s US patent, US Fig. 6 Three hand grenades improvised by the Russians at Port Arthur 42 Fig. 7 Japanese soldier in Manchuria with a percussion-fuzed hand grenade 43 Fig. 8 Japanese light mortar used at Port Arthur 45 Fig. 9 No. 1 hand grenade 48 Fig. 10 Detailed drawings of the No Fig. 11 Military and naval attachés pose with Marten Hale at the Faversham works 49 Fig. 12 Leaflet advertising Marten Hale s patented rifle grenade 51 Fig. 13 Marten Hale rifle grenade fitted with its rod 51 Fig. 14 Arming vane which was the cause of prematures 51 Fig. 15 Drawings from GB Fig. 16 Engineering drawings of Newton Pippin hand grenade 105 Fig. 17 Captain Todhunter s sketch of three novel devices invented by Newton 105 Fig inch Newton mortar, cast from SAA cartridge cases 113 Fig. 19 Output v. demand and cost over time for the Nos 3, 20 & 24 rifle grenades 115 Fig. 20 Output v. demand and cost over time for No. 5 and No. 23 Mills grenades 115 Fig. 21 Percussion-fuzed grenades with short handles 128 Fig. 22 Large fragments from a US hand grenade 136 Fig. 23 X-ray of a grenade wound of the shoulder 136 Fig. 24 Cast-iron body of the Pitcher 136 Fig. 25 Roland hand grenade 139 Fig. 26 Drawings from Roland s Belgian patent of Fig. 27 Mills hand grenade as described in GB2468/ Fig. 28 Differences between the No. 5 and No. 36 grenades 143 Fig. 29 Disassembled No. 5 and No. 36 grenades 143 Fig. 30 Cutaway of a No. 36 and its centrepiece 143 Fig. 31 Humphries, DG and Bellamy grenades 146 Fig. 32 Engineering drawings of experimental Bellamy egg grenade 148 Fig. 33 Evolution of the Hale type of rifle grenade 150 Fig. 34 Newton Pippin rifle grenade 150 Fig. 35 McClintock rifle grenade 151 Fig. 36 Engineering drawing of a stand for firing rifle grenades,

7 Fig. 37 Woolwich 2-inch medium mortar 162 Fig inch heavy mortar 164 Fig inch Newton mortar with second-pattern guide rods 165 Fig inch Stokes mortar with second-pattern stand 167 Fig. 41 Bomb for the 3-inch Stokes mortar 174 Fig. 42 Striker and its relationship with the breech in 3-inch Stokes mortar 174 Fig. 43 Time fuze, adapted from the Mills mechanism, for 3-inch Stokes bombs 178 Fig. 44 No. 31 fuze 180 Fig. 45 No. 148 Mk I fuze 180 Fig. 46 No. 110 Mk II fuze derived from the No. 107 Newton fuze 180 Fig. 47 No. 107 fuze 181 Fig. 48 No. 146 fuze 181 Fig. 49 No. 105B fuze, a simple percussion mechanism 181 Fig. 50 No. 147 Vickery fuze with clip instead of tape 181 Fig. 51 Royal Engineer demonstrates correct position for firing cup discharger 198 Fig. 52 Correct stance for firing rodded Mills No Fig. 53 Correct stance for firing a rodded Mills from the shoulder 198 Fig. 54 Starting position for throwing a grenade 199 Fig. 55 Position after throwing a grenade from a deep trench 199 Fig. 56 Throwing a grenade from a kneeling position 199 Fig. 57 Throwing a grenade from a kneeling position 199 Fig. 58 Means of carrying grenades 202 Fig. 59 How to bomb along a trench as taught from early Fig. 60 Variations on the theme; how to negotiate an island traverse 210 Fig. 61 Trench block, Fig. 62 Improvement on the theme 210 Fig. 63 Attacking round traverses with rifle and bayonet 213 Fig. 64 Trench to trench attack, Fig. 65 Platoon tactics when attacking above ground to engage a strongpoint 216 Fig. 66 Australian Stokes mortar detachment demonstrating misfire drill 228 Fig. 67 Trench mortar battery positions 229 Fig inch mortar emplacement in the Middle East 230 Fig. 69 Double emplacement for medium mortars 230 Fig inch mortar emplacement 232 Fig. 71 Stokes mortar emplacement, June Fig. 72 Stokes mortar ammunition carriers, Ypres salient, August Fig. 73 Part of Stokes mortar detachment prepare ammunition for a shoot 241 Fig. 74 Stokes mortar detachment carrying the three elements of the mortar 246 Fig. 75 A Stokes mortar detachment ready to advance 246

8 List of Tables Table 1. British patents relating to hand grenades, Table 2. British patents relating to rifle grenades,

9 Acknowledgements This thesis has its origins in a chance discovery I made in 1978 when working as a Patent Officer in the Principal Directorate of Patents, MoD. While investigating a case concerning Crown use of intellectual property owned by a third-party, I searched the patent abridgements for Class 119, small arms, covering I was surprised to discover patents for grenades and other devices for trench warfare, including the first patents granted to William Mills for the grenade which came to be known as the Mills bomb. In 1997, I set about researching the field of novel munitions invented for trench warfare and, in 1999, Weapons of the Trench War was published by Sutton Publishing, followed by its companion, Dominating the Enemy, in My work made it apparent to me that this was an under-researched field and that I had only scratched the surface of the subject. The invention and widespread use of such devices led me to speculate on the nature of their effect on the conduct of trench warfare in the First World War. This ultimately led me to undertake the research which is the subject of this thesis. Any project of this scale inevitably requires the assistance of others. I would like to thank everyone who has helped me with this project over the years. Jonathan Falconer, my commissioning editor at Sutton Publishing in the late 1990s, acted as a referee when I applied to Exeter to undertake a PhD. My second referee was Mike Hibberd, formerly of the Firearms and Exhibits Department, Imperial War Museum, who had assisted me with my research for Weapons of the Trench War which subsequently formed a foundation for this thesis. Norman Bonney has been tirelessly helpful. At the time of writing, Norman had recently retired as a lieutenant-colonel in the Royal Army Ordnance Corps, Territorial Army, in which capacity he is an acknowledged authority in the field of First World War munitions, especially grenades. His expertise has led to him assisting the Belgian Army, for example, in identifying unexploded British ordnance from He has an unrivalled collection of grenades and fuzes from the First World War and an impressive document archive, all of which he has acquired over three decades. I am grateful to him for providing me with copies of the papers concerning the court case brought against William Mills in He also read the drafts of this thesis and suggested amendments. H A B Newton, the son of the late Henry Newton, was happy to talk to me about his father and his inventions. I was put in touch with him via his sister, a friend of whom told her about a letter I had written to the Derby Gazette about Henry Newton and his family. The Newton family came from Derbyshire and had an engineering business in the town at the time of the First World War. The Newton family gave me access to some of Henry s papers. Alas, many more of them had been lost in a house fire in the late 1970s. In connection with the Newton family, I would also like to thank Mrs Jan Baggaley for providing me with a letter

10 written by her father, Ralph Goodwin, in June Mr Goodwin had been an employee of Newton Brothers at the time of the First World War. Professor Ian Beckett, Professor of History at the University of Northampton, very kindly read drafts of my thesis and offered me invaluable advice which I have endeavoured to heed. Professor Jeremy Black, my supervisor in the Department of History in the School of Humanities and Social Sciences at the University of Exeter, has been a friend as well as my guide for which I am truly grateful. His enthusiasm, insight, knowledge of all things historical, as well as his unwavering faith in me as a researcher, have been expressed with a friendly forthrightness, an approach which is both refreshing and empowering. I would like to thank the Belgian Patent Office for ing me a pdf of Roland s original patent and I would like to thank the staff at Leeds City Library for ing me pdf copies of several British patents. I obtained most of my copies of British patents in the late 1990s when undertaking research for Weapons of the Trench War and Dominating the Enemy; at that time, a complete set of patents and abridgements were held in the Science Reference Library in Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London. Although somewhat belatedly, perhaps, I would like to thank the staff of that library who were always very helpful in giving me access to the vaults in which the patents were, then, stored. I would also like to thank Phillip Powell, Stock Control Manager in the Department of Printed Books of the Imperial War Museum, London, for photocopying a large number of Stationary Service documents for me. Lisa Anderson of the library of the University of Birmingham very kindly photocopied Mr Stokes and Educated Drainpipe and posted it to me when I was unable to find a copy elsewhere. Finally, I would like to thank the interlibrary loan staff in the library at the University of Exeter for helping me track down copies of The Sphere. 10

The Hand Grenade (Weapon) Ebooks Free

The Hand Grenade (Weapon) Ebooks Free The Hand Grenade (Weapon) Ebooks Free The Hand Grenade is the dramatic story, covering its origins, development, use - in the World Wars and into the present day - and lasting influence on close-quarter

More information

Soldiers Sidney Woodroffe VC

Soldiers Sidney Woodroffe VC Soldiers Sidney Woodroffe VC The following information is for teachers to utilise in planning classroom activities. Lewes resident Sidney Woodroffe was awarded the Victoria Cross for the heroism on the

More information

UXO Below: Mitigating Marine UXO Risk

UXO Below: Mitigating Marine UXO Risk RPS Energy Ltd Explosives Engineering Services UXO Below: Mitigating Marine UXO Risk Presented by Victoria Phillips 1 Aim To deliver an overview of Unexploded Ordnance (UXO) in the marine environment,

More information

The Horror of Trench Warfare. World War I

The Horror of Trench Warfare. World War I The Horror of Trench Warfare World War I War in Europe (1) The Western Front The war became a stalemate- trench warfare Trenches were long ditches surrounded by barbed wire to protect the troops. A WWI

More information

Catalogue of Mines, Munitions and Explosives Training Aids

Catalogue of Mines, Munitions and Explosives Training Aids Catalogue of Mines, Munitions and Explosives Training Aids www.explosiveriskmanagement.com enquiries@explosiveriskmanagement.com Company Number: 06798226 VAT Registration Number: GB 985 1072 06 Pictures

More information

First published in Great Britain in 2010 by Pen & Sword Military An imprint of Pen & Sword Books Ltd 47 Church Street Barnsley South Yorkshire S70 2AS

First published in Great Britain in 2010 by Pen & Sword Military An imprint of Pen & Sword Books Ltd 47 Church Street Barnsley South Yorkshire S70 2AS 2 3 First published in Great Britain in 2010 by Pen & Sword Military An imprint of Pen & Sword Books Ltd 47 Church Street Barnsley South Yorkshire S70 2AS Copyright Anthony Saunders, 2010 ISBN 9781848841901

More information

DRAFT. Gen Sir (Henry De) Beauvoir De Lisle ( ) 1st accession. 'The Story of the Egyptian Campaign'. Compiled c 1914 typed 28pp

DRAFT. Gen Sir (Henry De) Beauvoir De Lisle ( ) 1st accession. 'The Story of the Egyptian Campaign'. Compiled c 1914 typed 28pp Gen Sir (Henry De) Beauvoir De Lisle (1864-1955) Descriptive list 1st accession 1. 1885-6 2. 1899-1902 3. 1914-18 'The Story of the Egyptian Campaign'. Compiled c 1914 typed 28pp 'The South African War'

More information

MEDAL OF HONOR RECIPIENTS

MEDAL OF HONOR RECIPIENTS MEDAL OF HONOR RECIPIENTS 20 Sergeant Rodger W. Young Company B, 148th Infantry July 31, 1943 - New Georgia, Solomon Islands For distinguishing himself conspicuously by gallantry and intrepidity above

More information

BATTLEFIELDS OF THE GREAT WAR

BATTLEFIELDS OF THE GREAT WAR BATTLEFIELDS OF THE GREAT WAR Paris The Western Front 1914-1918 Battle of Ypres Battle of Ypres 1915: April 22 to 24, 1915 Location: Near Ypres, Belgium Canadian Troops: 1st Canadian Division Results:

More information

Forward Into Battle: Fighting Tactics From Waterloo To Vietnam By Paddy Griffith

Forward Into Battle: Fighting Tactics From Waterloo To Vietnam By Paddy Griffith Forward Into Battle: Fighting Tactics From Waterloo To Vietnam By Paddy Griffith Battle Tactics of the Civil War - Paddy Griffith - In Battle Tactics of the Civil War, Paddy Griffith that he is able to

More information

OPERATOR'S AND ORGANIZATIONAL MAINTENANCE MANUAL FOR GRENADES

OPERATOR'S AND ORGANIZATIONAL MAINTENANCE MANUAL FOR GRENADES ARMY TM 9-1330-200-12 NAVY OP 3833 1st Rev Vol 2 MARINE CORPS TM-1330-12/1A OPERATOR'S AND ORGANIZATIONAL MAINTENANCE MANUAL FOR GRENADES This copy is a reprint which includes current pages from Changes

More information

Live Round Interrupter (LRI) Technical Implementation White Paper

Live Round Interrupter (LRI) Technical Implementation White Paper Live Round Interrupter (LRI) Technical Implementation White Paper BlankSafe Inc Authors: Craig Lathrop and Wes Inskeep Jul 29th 2014 ABSTRACT This white paper discusses the Live Round Interrupter (LRI),

More information

Green Jackets Rules for Napoleonic Skirmishes

Green Jackets Rules for Napoleonic Skirmishes web.archive.org https://web.archive.org/web/20121011231318/http://www.btinternet.com/~r.denning/wargames/greenj.htm Contents Green Jackets Rules for Napoleonic Skirmishes R.J. Denning 1.Introduction 2.Scale

More information

ITC (HS), 2012 SCHEDULE 1 IMPORT POLICY SECTION XIX ARMS AND AMMUNITION; PARTS AND ACCESSORIES THEREOF CHAPTER 93

ITC (HS), 2012 SCHEDULE 1 IMPORT POLICY SECTION XIX ARMS AND AMMUNITION; PARTS AND ACCESSORIES THEREOF CHAPTER 93 SECTION XIX ARMS AND AMMUNITION; PARTS AND ACCESSORIES THEREOF CHAPTER 93 ARMS AND AMMUNITION; PARTS AND ACCESSORIES THEREOF NOTES: 1. This Chapter does not cover: a) Goods of Chapter 36 (for example,

More information

Bundok and Bayonet Colonial Wargames Rules by Bob Cordery

Bundok and Bayonet Colonial Wargames Rules by Bob Cordery Introduction Bundok and Bayonet Colonial Wargames Rules by Bob Cordery Part 1 - The Basic Rules The following Colonial Wargames rules were written for my own personal use and reflect my philosophy that

More information

Introduction:... 4 Character Classes;... 4 Weapons:... 4 Organisation:... 4 Actions:... 5 Movement:... 5 Shooting:... 5 To Hit:...

Introduction:... 4 Character Classes;... 4 Weapons:... 4 Organisation:... 4 Actions:... 5 Movement:... 5 Shooting:... 5 To Hit:... State of war A.C.W. Skirmish Wargame Rules Tyneside Wargames club Version 1a 1 2 Table of contents Introduction:... 4 Character Classes;... 4 Weapons:... 4 Organisation:... 4 Actions:... 5 Movement:...

More information

Cambridge City Cemetery, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire. War Graves

Cambridge City Cemetery, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire. War Graves Cambridge City Cemetery, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire War Graves Lest We Forget World War 1 LIEUTENANT G. H. MAIR 3RD BN. ROYAL WELSH FUSILIERS 14TH DECEMBER, 1918 Age 38 George Hay MAIR George Hay Mair was

More information

IMI Systems innovative weapon solutions empower ground forces across the contemporary battlefield

IMI Systems innovative weapon solutions empower ground forces across the contemporary battlefield IMI Systems innovative weapon solutions empower ground forces across the contemporary battlefield "Artillery is the king of battle declared Napoleon, the first general in the world to use mass artillery

More information

Harry Lewis. Private st Battalion, Northumberland Fusiliers

Harry Lewis. Private st Battalion, Northumberland Fusiliers Harry Lewis Private 1154 1 st Battalion, Northumberland Fusiliers Samuel Lewis, a Kington man, married Mary Jane Parton in 1888. Shortly after they started a family and Harry was to be the first of many

More information

Inventor Michael M. Canadav NOTICE

Inventor Michael M. Canadav NOTICE Serial No. 514.576 Filing Date 14 August 1995 Inventor Michael M. Canadav NOTICE The above identified patent application is available for licensing. Requests for information should be addressed to: Äppsovsö

More information

Conclusions. Conclusions 199

Conclusions. Conclusions 199 Conclusions In many ways the story of the Western Front is one of the quest for the solution to the problem of trench warfare. The interesting point is the perception that trench warfare was a problem,

More information

The Battle of Messines

The Battle of Messines N E W Z E A L A N D E R S A T M E S E N T H E B AT T L E O F M E S S I N E S 7 J U N E 1 9 1 7 The Battle of Messines The West Belgian village of Mesen forms part of New Zealand s history, remembered on

More information

APPENDIX E TARGET ANALYSIS AND MUNITIONS EFFECTS

APPENDIX E TARGET ANALYSIS AND MUNITIONS EFFECTS APPENDIX E TARGET ANALYSIS AND MUNITIONS EFFECTS This appendix implements QSTAG 224. E-1. OBSERVER RESPONSIBILITIES As the eyes of the artillery and mortars, the observer has two major responsibilities

More information

CUSTOMS TARIFF - SCHEDULE XIX - 1

CUSTOMS TARIFF - SCHEDULE XIX - 1 XIX - 1 Section XIX ARMS AND AMMUNITION; PARTS AND ACCESSORIES THEREOF Issued January 1, 2013 93 - i Chapter 93 ARMS AND AMMUNITION; PARTS AND ACCESSORIES THEREOF Notes. 1. This Chapter does not cover:

More information

Station 1: The Schlieffen Plan: Germany s Plan for Success

Station 1: The Schlieffen Plan: Germany s Plan for Success Station 1: The Schlieffen Plan: Germany s Plan for Success Assumptions! Russia would take at least 8 weeks to mobilize.! France would be easily defeated in a few weeks.! Belgium would not resist any German

More information

HEADQUARTERS FM DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY GRENADES AND PYROTECHNIC SIGNALS

HEADQUARTERS FM DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY GRENADES AND PYROTECHNIC SIGNALS HEADQUARTERS FM 23-30 DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY GRENADES AND PYROTECHNIC SIGNALS DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. *FM 3-23-30 (23-30) FIELD MANUAL NO. 3-23.30

More information

The Battle of Batoche (May 9-12, 1885) The Battle of Batoche, which occurred from May 9 to May 12, 1885,

The Battle of Batoche (May 9-12, 1885) The Battle of Batoche, which occurred from May 9 to May 12, 1885, The Battle of Batoche (May 9-12, 1885) The Battle of Batoche, which occurred from May 9 to May 12, 1885, was a cataclysmic event. After the previous battles of Duck Lake (March 26) and Fish Creek (April

More information

Sniper One On One: The World Of Combat Sniping By Adrian Gilbert

Sniper One On One: The World Of Combat Sniping By Adrian Gilbert Sniper One On One: The World Of Combat Sniping By Adrian Gilbert If you are searching for a book Sniper One on One: The World of Combat Sniping by Adrian Gilbert in pdf format, then you've come to the

More information

Firearms: Revolvers & SemiSemi-Automatic Pistols

Firearms: Revolvers & SemiSemi-Automatic Pistols Firearms: Revolvers & SemiSemi-Automatic Pistols Black Market Price: $750.00 The Smith & Wesson Model 29 is a powerful, six-shot, double-action revolver chambered for the.44 Magnum cartridge; manufactured

More information

DEDICATED TO YOUR MISSION PRODUCT CATALOG

DEDICATED TO YOUR MISSION PRODUCT CATALOG DEDICATED TO YOUR MISSION PRODUCT CATALOG Quality. Reliability. Tradition. Hans Kornberger Hans is what you might call an engineering visionary. And like you, he is a dedicated specialist committed to

More information

The United States Armed Forces is the main line of defense to protect our country

The United States Armed Forces is the main line of defense to protect our country The United States Armed Forces is the main line of defense to protect our country from the threats of the world. If the armed forces are not well equipped, our soldiers can not fight and protect their

More information

SECTION XIX. Arms and ammunition; parts and accessories thereof. Chapter 93. Arms and ammunition; parts and accessories thereof

SECTION XIX. Arms and ammunition; parts and accessories thereof. Chapter 93. Arms and ammunition; parts and accessories thereof SECTION XIX Section XIX Chapter 93/1 Arms and ammunition; parts and accessories thereof Chapter 93 Arms and ammunition; parts and accessories thereof NOTES 1. This Chapter does not cover: (a) Goods of

More information

To End All Wars WW1 Miniature Game V1

To End All Wars WW1 Miniature Game V1 To End All Wars WW1 Miniature Game V1 Introduction: The Western Front in World War I was dominated by a series of trenches cutting its way through the French countryside. Commanders on both sides would

More information

Brazilian Expeditionary Force In World War II (Men-at- Arms) By Cesar Campiani Maximiano, Ricardo Bonalume Neto

Brazilian Expeditionary Force In World War II (Men-at- Arms) By Cesar Campiani Maximiano, Ricardo Bonalume Neto Brazilian Expeditionary Force In World War II (Men-at- Arms) By Cesar Campiani Maximiano, Ricardo Bonalume Neto The fact that Brazil sent military units to fight the Germans in WWII is not or FEB) was

More information

Key Points About Assault Weapons

Key Points About Assault Weapons Key Points About Assault Weapons 1. Semiautomatic assault weapons are civilian versions of military assault weapons. Even though the gun industry prefers to call semiautomatic assault weapons modern sporting

More information

To End All Wars. WW1 Miniature Game V1.2

To End All Wars. WW1 Miniature Game V1.2 To End All Wars WW1 Miniature Game V1.2 Introduction: The Western Front in World War I was dominated by a series of trenches cutting its way through the French countryside. Commanders on both sides would

More information

Explosive Ordnance Digest T H E Q U A R T E R L Y N E W S L E T T E R F R O M T H E L E A D I N G U K B O M B D I S P O S A L C O M P A N Y

Explosive Ordnance Digest T H E Q U A R T E R L Y N E W S L E T T E R F R O M T H E L E A D I N G U K B O M B D I S P O S A L C O M P A N Y I S S U E T W O Explosive Ordnance Digest T H E Q U A R T E R L Y N E W S L E T T E R F R O M T H E L E A D I N G U K B O M B D I S P O S A L C O M P A N Y Welcome to the second edition of EOD, the quarterly

More information

FLARE PISTOL SECTION 1?

FLARE PISTOL SECTION 1? FLARE PISTOL SECTION 1? 1 of 11 1. Section 57 (1) of the Firearms Act 1968 says: In this Act, the expression firearm means a lethal barrelled weapon of any description from which any shot, bullet or other

More information

Ashford & District Rifle Club

Ashford & District Rifle Club Ashford & District Rifle Club (Incorporating) 1 st BATTALION KENT HOMEGUARD RIFLE CLUB Handbook Issue 1 Introduction We hope that you will enjoy the benefit of all the facilities provided under your membership

More information

Soviet Infantry Company

Soviet Infantry Company Soviet Infantry Company Soviet Infantry Company 2 Soviet Infantry Company Soviet Special Rules Medical Troops: Despite an apparent disregard for their enlisted men, the Russian army fielded a large cadre

More information

Weapons and Military in the Civil War

Weapons and Military in the Civil War Weapons and Military in the Civil War Uniforms of the Civil War Uniforms of the North Blue, zouaves wore oriental-style uniforms () Uniforms of the Civil War Uniforms of the South Gray Trace Adkins A grizzled

More information

Indiana Academic Super Bowl. Science Round Junior Division Invitational. A Program of the Indiana Association of School Principals

Indiana Academic Super Bowl. Science Round Junior Division Invitational. A Program of the Indiana Association of School Principals Indiana Academic Super Bowl Science Round 2018 Junior Division Invitational A Program of the Indiana Association of School Principals Students: Throughout this competition, foreign names and words may

More information

Indiana Academic Super Bowl. Science Round Junior Division Invitational. A Program of the Indiana Association of School Principals

Indiana Academic Super Bowl. Science Round Junior Division Invitational. A Program of the Indiana Association of School Principals Indiana Academic Super Bowl Science Round 2018 Junior Division Invitational A Program of the Indiana Association of School Principals Students: Throughout this competition, foreign names and words may

More information

F I R E A R M S C O N T R A B A N D & C O N S E Q U E N C E S

F I R E A R M S C O N T R A B A N D & C O N S E Q U E N C E S F I R E A R M S C O N T R A B A N D & C O N S E Q U E N C E S PUBLISHED BY THE L AW OFFICES OF BRUCE COLODNY Revised & Copyright 2013 GunLaw.com Federal and California laws provide harsh penalties for

More information

APPENDIX P Saber Challenge Course: A True Stress Inoculation Training Program 1

APPENDIX P Saber Challenge Course: A True Stress Inoculation Training Program 1 APPENDIX P Saber Challenge Course: A True Stress Inoculation Training Program 1 The Saber Challenge Course being conducted on outdoor range. Instructor #1 (foreground) fires Simunition FX Marking Cartridges

More information

TECHNICAL MANUAL OPERATOR S MANUAL, CARTRIDGE, 40-MM: TACTICAL CS, M651 (NSN )

TECHNICAL MANUAL OPERATOR S MANUAL, CARTRIDGE, 40-MM: TACTICAL CS, M651 (NSN ) TM 3-1310-243-10 TECHNICAL MANUAL OPERATOR S MANUAL, CARTRIDGE, 40-MM: TACTICAL CS, M651 (NSN 1310-00-849-2083) HEADQUARTERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY JANUARY 1975 WARNING Observe all the safety precautions

More information

RULES AND REGULATIONS FOR THE INFANTRY SWORD EXERCISE 1817 HENRY ANGELO (THE YOUNGER)

RULES AND REGULATIONS FOR THE INFANTRY SWORD EXERCISE 1817 HENRY ANGELO (THE YOUNGER) RULES AND REGULATIONS FOR THE INFANTRY SWORD EXERCISE 1817 HENRY ANGELO (THE YOUNGER) The manual presented here was written by Henry Charles Angelo, and is vitally important to the history of British swordsmanship

More information

Guide to the Davidson Family papers

Guide to the Davidson Family papers http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/c8w66s7k No online items Finding aid prepared by Ashley Toutain University of San Diego, Archives and Special Collections Copley Library 5998 Alcalá Park San Diego,

More information

The Spirit of Windsor JEREMY HOUGHTON

The Spirit of Windsor JEREMY HOUGHTON The Spirit of Windsor JEREMY HOUGHTON I am indebted to Her Majesty The Queen for granting this residency with her approval. Windsor Castle was the view from my bedroom for five years and whilst iconic

More information

EXAMPLE CONCEPT OF USE (CONUSE) (EXAMPLE OPERATIONAL CONCEPT DESCRIPTION OCD)

EXAMPLE CONCEPT OF USE (CONUSE) (EXAMPLE OPERATIONAL CONCEPT DESCRIPTION OCD) EXAMPLE CONCEPT OF USE (CONUSE) (EXAMPLE OPERATIONAL CONCEPT DESCRIPTION OCD) SUBMARINE EMERGENCY COMMUNICATION BUOY (ECB) PPI-005601-2 30 May 2013 FOREWORD This example Concept of Use (CONUSE), developed

More information

When buying Toy Soldiers see that they are W. Britain

When buying Toy Soldiers see that they are W. Britain 2015 Winter Catalogue When buying Toy Soldiers see that they are W. Britain www.wbritain.com Welcome to our 2015 Winter Collection of W. Britain Model Soldiers. This selection adds figures to five of our

More information

THE HAND GRENADE THROW

THE HAND GRENADE THROW HISTORY OF THE CALIFORNIA INTERSCHOLASTIC FEDERATION SOUTHERN SECTION (CIF-SS) 46 th historical tidbit. Dr. John S. Dahlem THE HAND GRENADE THROW (Substituted for the javelin throw in the 1919 CIF-SS Track

More information

SOUTH AFRICAN QUALIFICATIONS AUTHORITY CORE UNIT STANDARDS IN NATIONAL CERTIFICATE: USE OF FIREARMS NQF LEVEL 4.

SOUTH AFRICAN QUALIFICATIONS AUTHORITY CORE UNIT STANDARDS IN NATIONAL CERTIFICATE: USE OF FIREARMS NQF LEVEL 4. SOUTH AFRICAN QUALIFICATIONS AUTHORITY CORE UNIT STANDARDS IN NATIONAL CERTIFICATE: USE OF FIREARMS NQF LEVEL 4. UNIT STANDARD REFERENCE NUMBER: 10748 TITLE: Use of a handgun. LEVEL: 4 CREDITS: 10 FIELD:

More information

Wayne E. Sirmon HI 103 World History

Wayne E. Sirmon HI 103 World History Wayne E. Sirmon HI 103 World History History 103 World History to 1500 What s Next? November 30 December 1 December 5 Article Review Four approval (if needed) TONIGHT or lose 5 points Online Quiz Chapter

More information

Fuzing Innovations for Air Burst Munitions: A 25mm Case Study

Fuzing Innovations for Air Burst Munitions: A 25mm Case Study Fuzing Innovations for Air Burst Munitions: A 25mm Case Study Mark Tomes Program Manager 49 th Annual Fuze Conference April 2005 Presentation Outline This briefing will discuss the details of: ATK s IR&D

More information

The Grenade Accident on Cannock Chase Richard Pursehouse and Lee Dent

The Grenade Accident on Cannock Chase Richard Pursehouse and Lee Dent The Grenade Accident on Cannock Chase Richard Pursehouse and Lee Dent [Source: This article was first published in The New Zealand Communication Trench, October 2015, the newsletter of the New Zealand

More information

WORLD WAR 1 WORLD WAR 1 BATTLES

WORLD WAR 1 WORLD WAR 1 BATTLES WORLD WAR 1 WORLD WAR 1 BATTLES BELL WORK QUESTION WHAT DO YOU THINK WAS THE MOST SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTION CANADIANS AT HOME MADE TO THE WAR EFFORT? REVIEW LIBERAL LEADER WILFRID LAURIER CREATED A 'PARTY

More information

Lesson Resource Kit: Building the Rideau Canal

Lesson Resource Kit: Building the Rideau Canal Lesson Resource Kit: Building the Rideau Canal Grade 7: 1800 1850: Conflict and Challenges Lock, Blockhouse at the Narrows, Rideau Lake - the first descent from Summit towards Bytown, painted by Thomas

More information

Qualification of 120mm Rifled Ammunition in Support of the Expeditionary Fire Support System (EFSS)

Qualification of 120mm Rifled Ammunition in Support of the Expeditionary Fire Support System (EFSS) Qualification of 120mm Rifled Ammunition in Support of the Expeditionary Fire Support System (EFSS) 42 nd Annual Armament Systems: Guns and Missile Systems Conference & Exhibition April 23-26,2007 Charlotte,

More information

DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY TECHNICAL MANUAL OPERATOR S MANUAL LAUNCHER AND GRENADES, SMOKE: HC AND WP, M176 FSN

DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY TECHNICAL MANUAL OPERATOR S MANUAL LAUNCHER AND GRENADES, SMOKE: HC AND WP, M176 FSN *TM 3-1330-203-10 DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY TECHNICAL MANUAL OPERATOR S MANUAL LAUNCHER AND GRENADES, SMOKE: HC AND WP, M176 FSN 1330-930-8945 Headquarters, Department of the Army, Washington, DC 10 February

More information

Inventor Michael M. Canadav NOTICE

Inventor Michael M. Canadav NOTICE Serial No. 514.883 Filing Date 14 August 1995 Inventor Michael M. Canadav NOTICE The above identified patent application is available for licensing. Requests for information should be addressed to: ' rsvmd&jti-tm

More information

A Guide for Performing Arts and Historical Re-enactment Groups Using Firearms and Other Weapons

A Guide for Performing Arts and Historical Re-enactment Groups Using Firearms and Other Weapons A Guide for Performing Arts and Historical Re-enactment Groups Using Firearms and Other Weapons Licensing and Regulation Division Version 0.1 June 2017 Contents Introduction 3 General requirements 3 Imitation

More information

DEMONSTRATE WEAPONS CARRIES WITH A SERVICE RIFLE

DEMONSTRATE WEAPONS CARRIES WITH A SERVICE RIFLE DEMONSTRATE WEAPONS CARRIES WITH A SERVICE RIFLE 1 OVERVIEW Four Safety Rules Transports for the Service Rifle Weapons Carries Weapons Transfers 2 TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE Given a service rifle, individual

More information

The Dartboard. Anyone interested in doing some programming could also find a lot of things to do here.

The Dartboard. Anyone interested in doing some programming could also find a lot of things to do here. The Dartboard Yet another way of encouraging the practice of some arithmetic. Though darts and dartboards are a familiar enough idea, not everyone will know exactly how the dartboard works. So, a preliminary

More information

Lightweight Small Arms Technologies The Epilogue

Lightweight Small Arms Technologies The Epilogue U.S. Army Research, Development and Engineering Command Lightweight Small Arms Technologies The Epilogue 16 May 2012 Ms. Kori Phillips US Army ARDEC Joint Service Small Arms Program What is an Epilogue?

More information

DANGER WARNING CAUTION

DANGER WARNING CAUTION Report Date: 13 Mar 2015 Summary Report for Crew Drill Drill Task Drill Number: 07-4-D9267 Drill Title: Place 81-mm Mortar into Action Status: Approved Status Date: 13 Mar 2015 Distribution Restriction:

More information

LICENSING SERVICES DIVISION QUICK GUIDE

LICENSING SERVICES DIVISION QUICK GUIDE LICENSING SERVICES DIVISION QUICK GUIDE HANDGUN TARGET SHOOTING: Handgun target shooting is a sport of skill and precision that is enjoyed by many people around the world. The popularity of this sport

More information

ADDENDUM TO THE VISUAL EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR THE PROPOSED DOMINION VIRGINIA POWER SURRY TO SKIFFES CREEK 500 kv TRANSMISSION LINE

ADDENDUM TO THE VISUAL EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR THE PROPOSED DOMINION VIRGINIA POWER SURRY TO SKIFFES CREEK 500 kv TRANSMISSION LINE ADDENDUM TO THE VISUAL EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR THE PROPOSED DOMINION VIRGINIA POWER SURRY TO SKIFFES CREEK 500 kv TRANSMISSION LINE GREEN SPRINGS BATTLEFIELD VDHR File No. 2011-2071 Prepared for: Dominion

More information

COMMON TRAINING PROFICIENCY LEVEL FOUR INSTRUCTIONAL GUIDE SECTION 5 EO C DISCUSS THE HISTORY OF DRILL PREPARATION

COMMON TRAINING PROFICIENCY LEVEL FOUR INSTRUCTIONAL GUIDE SECTION 5 EO C DISCUSS THE HISTORY OF DRILL PREPARATION COMMON TRAINING PROFICIENCY LEVEL FOUR INSTRUCTIONAL GUIDE SECTION 5 EO C408.01 DISCUSS THE HISTORY OF DRILL Total Time: 30 min PREPARATION PRE-LESSON INSTRUCTIONS Resources needed for the delivery of

More information

To Prepare a Smoke Bomb

To Prepare a Smoke Bomb 1 To Prepare a Smoke Bomb Abstract Theory A smoke bomb is a firework designed to produce smoke upon ignition. Smoke bombs are useful to military units, self-defense and pranks. The smoke bomb was first

More information

SECTION XIX - ARMS AND AMMUNITION; PARTS AND ACCESSORIES THEREOF

SECTION XIX - ARMS AND AMMUNITION; PARTS AND ACCESSORIES THEREOF COMBINED NOMENCLATURE CLASSIFICATION STRUCTURE SECTION XIX - ARMS AND AMMUNITION; PARTS AND ACCESSORIES THEREOF May 2018 StudiaBo srl - Project Ulisse 2 Project Ulisse: Combined Nomenclature Classication

More information

III Corps: The Somme 1916

III Corps: The Somme 1916 III Corps: The Somme 1916 A Card Wargame of World War I Neal Reid 2016 Published by Vexillia Limited www.vexillia.com Contents 1. Introduction 3 2. Historical Background 3 3. Setting Up The Game 6 Acknowledgements

More information

Written by Ian Johnson.

Written by Ian Johnson. Written by Ian Johnson. This article covers medals given out for bravery and leadership. It doesn t cover awards given upon reaching a certain criteria, such as wound badges, tank destruction badges or

More information

Hit Probability of selected 12 gauge buckshot cartridges as a function of distance from the weapon. 25 July 2011

Hit Probability of selected 12 gauge buckshot cartridges as a function of distance from the weapon. 25 July 2011 Hit Probability of selected 12 gauge buckshot cartridges as a function of distance from the weapon 25 July 211 Introduction The 12 gauge shotgun is a very effective self-defense tool for shooting events

More information

UNIVERSITY OF REGINA ARCHIVES AND SPECIAL COLLECTIONS DR JOHN ARCHER LIBRARY

UNIVERSITY OF REGINA ARCHIVES AND SPECIAL COLLECTIONS DR JOHN ARCHER LIBRARY UNIVERSITY OF REGINA ARCHIVES AND SPECIAL COLLECTIONS DR JOHN ARCHER LIBRARY 89-72 JOAN GIVNER OCTOBER 2016 BY KIEU MA AND ELIZABETH SEITZ 89-72 JOAN GIVNER 2 / 7 Biographical Sketch: Joan Givner (nee

More information

Hunters: U.S. Snipers In The War On Terror By Milo S. Afong

Hunters: U.S. Snipers In The War On Terror By Milo S. Afong Hunters: U.S. Snipers In The War On Terror By Milo S. Afong Get everything you need to know about Trauma in American Sniper. Analysis, related Themes and Colors. The War on Terror Theme Icon. Hunters:

More information

FM USE. Kill, stun, and disable enemy soldiers. Destroy weapons, vehicles, and equipment. Obscure, mark, and identify positions.

FM USE. Kill, stun, and disable enemy soldiers. Destroy weapons, vehicles, and equipment. Obscure, mark, and identify positions. FM 23-30 CHAPTER 3 TACTICAL EMPLOYMENT OF GRENADES The family of hand grenades provides the individual soldier with a number of highly versatile and effective weapons systems. Hand grenades are employed

More information

Clothes Make the Soldier

Clothes Make the Soldier Activity Book for Schools 6 Clothes Make the Soldier How do you decide what to wear? Perhaps you try to look the same as your friends, or you might prefer certain colours or styles of clothing. The clothes

More information

The Pre War Artillery Revolution

The Pre War Artillery Revolution Slide 1 Slide 2 The Pre War Artillery Revolution The war of 1914-18 was an artillery war. Artillery was the battle winner, artillery was what caused the greatest loss of life, the most dreadful wounds

More information

TRENCH RAIDER: World War I Wargaming in Ten Minutes by David Raybin 2014

TRENCH RAIDER: World War I Wargaming in Ten Minutes by David Raybin 2014 TRENCH RAIDER: World War I Wargaming in Ten Minutes by David Raybin 2014 INTRODUCTION Instead of a generic set of WW1 rules I determined to make the rules fit the game scenario rather than the other way

More information

Major Philip Achilles Townshend [6A25] Philip (L) in 1917 and his Son Robert Vere [6A51] in 1938

Major Philip Achilles Townshend [6A25] Philip (L) in 1917 and his Son Robert Vere [6A51] in 1938 Major Philip Achilles Townshend [6A25] Philip (L) in 1917 and his Son Robert Vere [6A51] in 1938 First World War - Philip in the trenches Extract from a letter from Captain Philip Townshend dated 18 March

More information

Homemade Guns And Homemade Ammo Download Free (EPUB, PDF)

Homemade Guns And Homemade Ammo Download Free (EPUB, PDF) Homemade Guns And Homemade Ammo Download Free (EPUB, PDF) How many homemade gun books have you read, only to discover that to make the thing work you needed a metal lathe or a milling machine? This book

More information

Manual provided by emilitary Manuals-http://www.emilitarymanuals.com OCTOBER 2009

Manual provided by emilitary Manuals-http://www.emilitarymanuals.com OCTOBER 2009 OCTOBER 2009 This publication is available at Army Knowledge Online (www.us.army.mil) and General Dennis J. Reimer Training and Doctrine Digital Library at (www.train.army.mil). * FM 3-23.30 Field Manual

More information

X Corps: The Somme 1916

X Corps: The Somme 1916 X Corps: The Somme 1916 A Card Wargame of World War I Neal Reid 2016 Published by Vexillia Limited www.vexillia.com Contents 1. Introduction 3 2. Historical Background 3 3. Game Overview 6 4. Setting Up

More information

Squad column fire team wedge

Squad column fire team wedge How to win a battle using light infantry tactics The purpose of these instructions is to inform the reader on how to win a battle with a squad sized element. This set of instructions will include how to

More information

NATIONAL FIREARMS AMNESTY 2017 REPORT

NATIONAL FIREARMS AMNESTY 2017 REPORT NATIONAL FIREARMS AMNESTY 2017 REPORT NATIONAL FIREARMS AND WEAPONS POLICY WORKING GROUP DECEMBER 2017 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction Page 3 Outcomes Page 6 Table 1 Total number of items by category Page

More information

133rd General Assembly Regular Session H. B. No. 86 2019-2020 Representative Plummer A B I L L To amend section 2923.11 of the Revised Code to correct a drafting error in the definition of "dangerous ordnance"

More information

The Battle for Fromelles

The Battle for Fromelles The Battle for Fromelles the st Australian Imperial Forces first major battle on the Western Front Matt Walsh Table of content Topic Introduction The Fromelles Area The Australians (5 th Division) Extract

More information

RCBS, Inc. "Rock Chuck Bullet Swage."

RCBS, Inc. Rock Chuck Bullet Swage. RCBS, Inc. was founded by Fred Huntington in 1943 in Oroville, California and later became one of the world's largest manufacturers of reloading equipment. The name RCBS is derived from the name of the

More information

Fort George National Historic Site of Canada 202 nd Anniversary of the Battle of Fort George July 8 & 9, 2017 Participation Guidelines

Fort George National Historic Site of Canada 202 nd Anniversary of the Battle of Fort George July 8 & 9, 2017 Participation Guidelines Fort George National Historic Site of Canada 202 nd Anniversary of the Battle of Fort George July 8 & 9, 2017 Participation Guidelines 1. Everyone must check in at Registration upon arrival. Camp locations

More information

Advance of the Reich Notes

Advance of the Reich Notes Advance of the Reich Notes 1. Scope This game is designed to cover squad-level battles on the Eastern Front from 1941 through the end of 1942. Given this scope, the game becomes at the same time a very

More information

UXO Safety Training Agenda. UXO Safety

UXO Safety Training Agenda. UXO Safety Appendix E UXO Safety Training Agenda Identify UXO Hazard By Type and Subgroup Determine the Hazards Marking a UXO Evacuation for a UXO UXO Safety NEVER approach a suspected UXO DO NOT use a radio within

More information

Sunday 16 th March Wednesday 19 th March 2014

Sunday 16 th March Wednesday 19 th March 2014 Sunday 16 th March Wednesday 19 th March 2014 Adnan Saif & Mohammed Talha (Year 9) were selected to take part in the First World War Centenary Education Programme. This was a joint Government initiative

More information

Use of Force. Use of Force Overview

Use of Force. Use of Force Overview Use of Force Use of Force Overview Order 12.101 Issue Date: 10-01-1988 A. Policy It is the policy of the Tempe Police Department that employees may use force which is reasonable based upon the facts and

More information

14. HIT / MISS DETERMINATION

14. HIT / MISS DETERMINATION Briefing 1. Hit/miss determination is the procedure used to determine if a target is hit when a weapon fires. This rule is the core of the game in many ways, since hits determine which units can be damaged

More information

THE FIGHTING KOPPIE BRITISH AND ALLIES UNIFORM DETAIL. By Robert Giglio.

THE FIGHTING KOPPIE BRITISH AND ALLIES UNIFORM DETAIL. By Robert Giglio. THE FIGHTING KOPPIE BRITISH AND ALLIES UNIFORM DETAIL By Robert Giglio. The British infantry were in the standard red coat, dark blue trousers with red outer seam stripe, sun helmet and leather equipment

More information

The learning of complex whole body activity (Downhill skiing) by simulation

The learning of complex whole body activity (Downhill skiing) by simulation The learning of complex whole body activity (Downhill skiing) by simulation Eddi Pianca Bachelor of Applied Science in Environmental Design(CCAE) Mechanical Engineering Certificate (ACT TAFE) A thesis

More information

HISTORY DESIGN SAFETY

HISTORY DESIGN SAFETY GLOCK 17 HISTORY The Glock 17, designed by Gaston Glock, was adopted by the Austrian Army as its service pistol in 1982. As an Austrian engineer with no prior firearms design experience, this was Glock

More information

The Great War 9YEARS + The life of the soldiers in the trenches PRIMARY. Hello, my name is Tommy I am your guide. Schools Booklet

The Great War 9YEARS + The life of the soldiers in the trenches PRIMARY. Hello, my name is Tommy I am your guide. Schools Booklet 9YEARS + The Great War The life of the soldiers in the trenches PRIMARY Hello, my name is Tommy I am your guide Schools Booklet TIMELINE 28 June 1914: Assassination of Archiduke Franz-Ferdinand 1 st 4

More information

THE 36 ULSTER DIVISION IN CANADA. Pictured below at a Remembrance Service in Toronto in 1962 is a veteran of World War I who th

THE 36 ULSTER DIVISION IN CANADA. Pictured below at a Remembrance Service in Toronto in 1962 is a veteran of World War I who th THE 36 ULSTER DIVISION IN CANADA By Brian McConnell * Pictured below at a Remembrance Service in Toronto in 1962 is a veteran of World War I who served wi e British Army as a member of e 36 Ulster Division.

More information