THE EFFECTS OF TRAINING AT DIFFERENT PERCENTAGES OF THE MAXIMAL AEROBIC SPEED ON THE ANAEROBIC THRESHOLD IN FOOTBALL
|
|
- Magdalene O’Neal’
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 THE EFFECTS OF TRAINING AT DIFFERENT PERCENTAGES OF THE MAXIMAL AEROBIC SPEED ON THE ANAEROBIC THRESHOLD IN FOOTBALL Honceriu C. 1, Cojocariu A. 1 1 Al. I. Cuza University in Iași, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Toma Cozma, Nr. 3, , chonceri@yahoo.com ABSTRACT Evaluating the response of the blood lactate in situations which require effort and setting the anaerobic threshold is a relatively new method, widely used in high performance sport, as well as in the research field where it is correlated with the physiological and biochemical activity of the body. The purpose of the research is to compare and correlate the results of the VO 2 max and the maximal aerobic speed (MAS) with the VAMEVAL field test, and the anaerobic effort threshold found by measuring the blood lactate respectively, as well as the effect of training at different percentages of MAS (85%, 100%, 120%) on the anaerobic threshold. In carrying out this research, we started from the hypothesis that training at high percentages of MAS can lead to an increase in the capacity of aerobic and anaerobic effort. The tested subjects are twelve young football players, with ages between 16 and 18. In order to single out these correlations, we have used an experimental protocol, different for each of the three groups, consisting in training at different percentages of the maximal aerobic speed. The results have proven that training at an intensity of 100 and 120% of MAS has physiological consequences on the aerobic capacity of effort, but also on the anaerobic threshold, thus, implicitly, on the anaerobic capacity of effort. Furthermore, the results show the fact that training at 80% of MAS does not influence the anaerobic threshold. KEY WORDS: blood lactate, VO 2 max, intensity. INTRODUCTION Wasserman [6] introduced the term anaerobic threshold and showed that the pulmonary gas exchange can be used to estimate the inflection point of the lactate. From a physiological point of view, the lactic acid immediately dissociates in ions and hydrogen; as a result, the terms muscular lactate and blood lactate are used, rather than muscular lactic acid and blood lactic acid [1]. Wasserman [6] defines the anaerobic threshold as the VO 2 max effort level over which the aerobic generation of energy is supplemented by anaerobic mechanisms. By measuring the blood lactate, one can determine the anaerobic threshold of effort. This is useful not only for the evaluation of the training level of a sportsman, but also for the prediction of the aerobic and anaerobic effort performance that can be achieved through training [2]. The level of the blood lactate concentration provides information about the aerobic and anaerobic threshold. The intermediate values of the blood lactate determine the aerobic-anaerobic transition zone [5,4]. The value of the blood lactate concentration may well surpass these values, according to the intensity and the volume of the exercise. Cazorla and Leger [3] have done a field test (VAMEVAL) that establishes MAS and, implicitly, VO 2 max. According to their theory, MAS represents the intensity of the effort at which the sportsman reaches the first inflection point of the lactate, 2 mmol.l -1. The purpose of this research is mainly to overlap and to analyze, in a comparative manner, the values obtained as a result of applying the two methods of determining the capacity for effort. In doing this research, we started from the hypothesis that training at high percentages in MAS can lead to an increased capacity of aerobic and anaerobic effort. METHODS Subjects. They are twelve young football players, with ages between 16 and 18. All subjects have been playing football for more than 6 years and at present they are training five times a week apart from the competition. Required materials: Lactate Test apparatus, apiculturist pen, test foil, syringe needle, VAMEVAL test. Experiment protocol(p): P1 the sportsman undergoes the VAMEVAL test trying to reach the maximum threshold of his capacity for aerobic effort; P2 when the sportsman can no longer keep the pace imposed by the signal of the sound beeps, he stops and he has blood drawn by means of an apiculturist pen; P3 four of the subjects will undergo six training sessions with exercises whose intensity will be calculated at 120% of MAS, four of them at 100%, the other four at 85%. 180
2 P1 Specific protocol for the VAMEVAL test: The field test consists in running continuously and progressively on a 200m track, with ten cones, with a distance of 20m between them. The pace is imposed by a CD player which emits high sounds and the player must run the distance between two cones in the interval between sounds. The player will try to run so that he can get to the next cone the moment the sound signal occurs. At first sight this may seem difficult, but, in fact, it is very simple. Sportsmen understand easily what they have to do and they adapt quickly. The running speed starts from 8km/h and it increases with every minute by 0,5 km/h. Sportsmen will adapt their running speed to the frequency of the sounds, they will run faster trying to keep up with the imposed speed. The moment a player can no longer do this, he stops, and the coach writes down the gate at which he stopped. Gate 1 signals a 8,5 km/h speed, gate 2 is 9 km/h, gate 3 is 9,5 km/h etc. P2 Specific protocol for the Lactate Test: The sportsman is drawn a drop of blood from one of his fingers, then the finger is cleaned with alcohol. The first drop is absorbed on a piece of sterile gauze, then the finger is held tight and the second drop is taken with a test foil which will be introduced into the apparatus. In less than a minute, the concentration of blood lactate will be displayed. P3 Planning training at 120%, 100% and 85% of MAS: the first four subjects from the table below have trained with 85% of MAS, the next four with 100% of MAS, and the last four with 120% of MAS. Calculating distances and running time intervals for each group has been done with the VAMEVAL program. The sportsmen have undergone the program, according to the experiment protocol, twice a week, for six weeks. RESULTS Table 1 displays the results of the two tests, the test and the final test. Table 1. The results from the subjects of the three groups at the initial testing (Ti), and the final testing (Tf) Tested subject % MAS in training Age MAS Lactate level T i T f T i T f T i T f Subject no ,3 15,3 54,4 54,4 2,9 2,8 Subject no ,9 15,1 54,1 55,1 3,1 3,1 Subject no ,4 16,3 58,5 58 2,7 2,8 Subject no ,1 16,9 61,1 60,2 3,4 3,4 Subject no , ,9 61,9 3,6 3,3 Subject no ,8 18,1 59,8 66 3,2 2,9 Subject no ,8 17,5 57,3 63,7 3,5 3,2 Subject no ,9 17,3 53,1 62,8 3,8 3,5 Subject no ,3 18,3 61,6 65,4 3,1 2,5 Subject no ,6 18,1 60,5 66 3,4 2,9 Subject no ,9 18,3 61,4 65,4 3,7 2,6 Subject no ,8 18,4 63,4 65,6 3,3 2,7 Table 2. Statistic interpretation of the results obtained from the subjects of the three groups at the initial testing (Ti) and the final testing (Tf) the data represent the arithmetic mean (±standard deviation) Group % MAS in training MAS Lactate level T i T f T i T f T i T f Group ,925 (±1,007) 15,9# (±0,84) 57,025 (±3,37) 56,925# (±2,68) 3,025 (±0,29) 3,025# Group ,775 (±0,78) 17,475* (±0,46) 56,775 (±2,76) 63,6* (±1,76) 3,525 3,225* Group ,15 (±0,51) 18,275* (±0,12) 61,725 (±1,21) 65,6* 3,375 2,675* (±0,17) Legend: # - not significant differencies regarding the initial test (p>0,05); * - significant differencies regarding the initial test (p< 0,05) 181
3 DISCUSSIONS The results of the research (see tables 1-2) show that MAS, measured with VAMEVAL, surpasses the aerobic threshold; the effort level reaches the aerobic-anaerobic transition zone, between 2 4 mmol.l -1. This is an important detail in the planning phase of the training, when certain methods and means of preparation are set, but especially when the calculations regarding the intensity of the training are done (distances, running times, type and break length between series, etc.). Regarding the effects of training with different percentages of MAS, the calculations of the results prove the following: for the training with 85 % of MAS the players have kept the VO 2 max level, as well as the level of blood lactate concentration (p>0,05) according to the intensity of the test (VO 2 max 57,02 ml.min -1.kg -1; blood lactate - 3,02 mmol.l -1). This confirms the fact that the effects of the training with 85% of MAS are maintaining the capacity of aerobic effort, previously acquired by training, and that this effort intensity used in training does not have visible effects on the anaerobic threshold. In the case of training with 100 % of MAS one can notice an improvement of the VO 2 max level by 12, 03 % (56, 77 63, 6 ml.min -1.kg -1 ) and a decrease of 8, 52 % (3, 52 3, 22 mmol.l -1 ) in the blood lactate level, with significant differencies between the initial and final tests (p< 0,05). Results show the fact that the training intensity corresponding to 100 % of MAS is directly involved in the increase of the aerobic effort capacity; it also contributes to the decrease in the anaerobic threshold, which causes positive physiological consequences on the anaerobic effort capacity. In the case of training with 120 % of MAS one notices an improvement of the VO 2 max level by 6, 28 % (61, 72 65, 6 ml.min - 1.kg -1 ) and a decrease in the blood lactate level by 18, 78 % (3, 37-2, 67 mmol.l -1 ), with significant differencies between the initial and final tests (p< 0,05). Results prove that training at an intensity of 120 % of MAS causes physiological consequences on the aerobic effort capacity, but especially on the anaerobic threshold, therefore, implicitly, on the anaerobic effort capacity. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, we consider that the hypothesis of this research has been confirmed, considering the following: Training at 85% of MAS does not have visible effects on the anaerobic threshold. The intensity of the training corresponding to 100 % of MAS has positive physiological consequences on the anaerobic effort capacity. Training at 120 % of MAS has important physiological effects, manifested by an obvious increase of the anaerobic effort capacity in the subjects. REFERENCES: 1. Apostol I. Ergofiziologie curs. Ia i: Ed. Universităţii Alexandru. I. Cuza p. Romanian 2. Bangsbo J. Lindquist F. Comparison of various exercise tests whith endurance performance during soccer in professional players. Int.J.Sports Medicine. 1992;13: Cazorla et al. Les épreuves d`effort en physiologie. Epreuves et mesures du potentiel aérobie. Paris: INSEP Editions; French 4. Jousselin E. et al. Determination of aerobic-anaerobic transition zone and practical use for training. Science et Sport French 5. Keul J. et al. La transition aérobie-anaérobie lors de la pratique de certains sports. Colloque international de Saint-Etienne; French 6. Wasserman K. et al. Principes of exercise testing and interpretation. Philadelphia; EFECTELE ANTRENAMENTULUI LA DIFERITE PROCENTAJE DIN VITEZA AEROBĂ MAXIMALĂ ASUPRA PRAGULUI ANAEROB ÎN FOTBAL Honceriu C. 1, Cojocariu A. 1 1 Universitatea Alexandru Ioan Cuza, Facultatea de Educaţie Fizică şi Sport, Bd. Carol 1, nr. 11, Iaşi , ROMANIA chonceri@yahoo.com 182
4 REZUMAT Evaluarea răspunsului lactatului sangvin la efort şi determinarea pragului anaerob este o metodă relativ nouă, din ce în ce mai folosită atât în sportul de performanţă cât şi în activitatea de cercetare, unde este corelată cu activitatea fiziologică şi biochimică a organismului. Cercetarea îşi propune să realizeze o comparaţie şi o corelare a rezultatelor între VO 2 max şi viteza aerobă maximală (VAM) determinate prin testul de teren VAMEVAL, respectiv pragul anaerob de efort determinat prin măsurarea lactatului sangvin, precum şi efectul antrenamentului la diferite procentaje din VAM (85%, 100%, 120%) asupra pragului anaerob. În realizarea cercetării am pornit de la ipoteza că antrenarea la procentaje ridicate din VAM poate conduce la creşterea atât a capacităţii de efort aerobe, cât şi a celei anaerobe. Subiecţii supuşi cercetării sunt 12 tineri, practicanţi ai jocului de fotbal, cu vârste cuprinse între 16 şi 18 ani. Pentru a evidenţia aceste corelaţii, am utilizat un protocol experimental, diferenţiat pe trei grupe, care constă în antrenamentul la procentaje diferite din viteza aerobă maximală. Rezultatele demonstrează că antrenamentul la o intensitate de 100 şi 120 % din VAM are repercusiuni fiziologice atât asupra capacităţii aerobe de efort cât mai ales asupra pragului anaerob deci, implicit, asupra capacităţii anaerobe de efort. De asemenea, rezultatele indică faptul că efectuarea antrenamentului la 85% din VAM nu are influenţă asupra pragului anaerob. CUVINTE CHEIE: lactat sangvin, VO 2 max, intensitate. INTRODUCERE Wasserman [6] a introdus termenul de prag anaerob şi a arătat că schimbul de gaze pulmonar poate fi folosit pentru estimarea punctului de inflexiune a lactatului. Fiziologic, acidul lactic disociază imediat în ioni şi hidrogen, drept pentru care sunt folosiţi termenii de lactat muscular şi lactat sangvin decât termenii de acid lactic muscular şi acid lactic sanguin [1]. Wasserman [6] defineşte pragul anaerob ca fiind nivelul VO 2 max de efort peste care producerea aerobă a energiei este suplimentată prin mecanisme anaerobe. Prin măsurarea lactatului sangvin se poate determina pragul anaerob de efort. Acest lucru este util atât pentru evaluarea nivelului de antrenament al unui sportiv cât şi pentru predicţia performanţei de efort aerob şi anaerob ce poate fi atinsă prin antrenament [2]. Nivelul concentraţiei de lactat sangvin dă informaţii asupra pragului aerob şi anaerob. Astfel, specialiştii [5] consideră valoarea de 2 mmol.l -1 ca reprezentând pragul aerob, iar valoarea de 4 mmol.l -1, ca fiind pragul anaerob. Valorile intermediare ale nivelului de lactat sangvin determină zona de tranziţie aerob-anaerob [5,4]. Valoarea concentraţiei de lactat sangvin poate depăşi cu mult aceste valori, în funţie de intensitatea şi volumul exerciţiului. Cazorla şi Leger [3] au realizat un test de teren (VAMEVAL) care determină VAM şi implicit VO2 max. Conform teoriei autorilor, VAM reprezintă intensitatea efortului la care sportivul atinge primul punct de inflexiune al lactatului, respectiv valoarea de 2 mmol.l -1. Scopul cercetării este tocmai de a suprapune şi analiza comparativ valorile obţinute prin efectuarea celor două metode de determinare a capacităţii de efort. În realizarea cercetării am pornit de la ipoteza că antrenarea la procentaje ridicate din VAM poate conduce la cre terea atât a capacită ii de efort aerobe, cât i a celei anaerobe. METODE Subiecţi. Subiecţii supuşi cercetării sunt 12 tineri, practicanţi ai jocului de fotbal, cu vârste cuprinse între 16 şi 18 ani. Toţi subiecţii practică fotbalul de mai mult de 6 ani, planificarea actuală a antrenamentului incluzând 5 antrenamente pe săptămână plus jocul competiţional. Materiale necesare: aparatul Lactat Test, stilou apicultor, folie test, ac de seringă, testul VAMEVAL. Protocol (P) de experiment: P1 - sportivul realizează testul VAMEVAL încercănd să atingă palierul maxim al capacităţii sale de efort aerob; P2 - în momentul în care sportivul nu mai poate menţine ritmul impus de bipurile sonore se opreşte şi i se prelevează imediat sânge cu ajutorul stiloului apicultor; P3 patru dintre subiecţii participanţi la experiment vor executa 6 antrenamente cu exerciţii a căror intensitate va fi calculată la 120 % din VAM, patru dintre ei la 100 %, ceilalţi 4 subiecţii urmănd să execute aceleaşi exerciţii însă la o intensitate de 85 % din VAM. P1 - Protocol specific testului VAMEVAL: Testul de teren constă într-o alergare continuă progresivă în jurul unei piste de 200 metri, trasată prin 10 jaloane aşezate la o distanţă de 20 metri unul de altul. Ritmul alergării este impus de un CD-player care emite bipuri sonore, jucătorul trebuind să parcurgă distanţa dintre două jaloane în intervalul dintre bipuri. Jucătorul va cauta sa se deplaseze cu o viteză de alergare astfel încât să ajungă în dreptul următorului jalon în momentul bipului sonor. La o primă vedere poate părea greu, însă e foarte simplu. Sportivii înţeleg repede în ce constă testul şi se adaptează uşor la cerinţele acestuia. Viteza de alergare porneşte de la 8 km/h şi creşte la fiecare minut (palier) cu 0,5 km/h.. Sportivii îşi vor adapta viteza de alergare în funcţie de frecvenţa bipurilor sonore, vor alerga din ce în ce mai 183
5 repede, încercând să ţină cât de mult pot viteza de alergare impusă. În momentul în care jucătorul nu mai reuşeşte să ţină ritmul impus de bipurile sonore, se opreşte iar antrenorul notează palierul la care acesta s-a oprit, palier care este anunţat de fiecare dată de înregistrarea audio. Palierul 1 corespunde vitezei de 8,5 km, palierul 2 corespunde vitezei de 9 km/h, palierul 3 corespunde vitezei de 9,5 km/h, şamd. P2 - Protocol specific testului cu Lactat Test: sportivului i se curăţă cu alcool degetul din care se recoltează cu ajutorul stiloului apicultor o picătură de sânge. Prima picătură care iese din deget este absorbită cu o bucată de tifon steril, degetul este strâns iar a doua picătură de sânge este luată cu ajutorul foliei test care se introduce în aparat. În mai puţin de un minut, concentraţia de lactat sangvin va apărea afişat pe display-ul aparatului. P3 Planificarea antrenamentelor la 120%, 100% şi 85% din VAM: primii 4 subiecţi (grupa 1) din tabelul de mai jos au efectuat antrenamente cu 85% din VAM, următorii 4 subiecţi (grupa 2) au efectuat antrenamente cu 100% din VAM, iar ultimii 4 subiecţi (grupa 3) au efectuat antrenamente cu 120% din VAM. Calcularea distanţelor şi a timpilor de alergare, pentru fiecare grupă de studiu, a fost făcută cu ajutorul programului VAMEVAL. Sportivii au efectuat programul, conform protocolului stabilit pentru experiment, de două ori pe săptămână, timp de 6 săptămâni. VAM Distaţele şi timpii de alergare iniţial 400 m 600 m 800 m 1000 m 5 min Subiect nr.1 15,3 km/k m Subiect nr.2 14,9 km/h m Subiect nr.3 16,4 km/h m Subiect nr.4 17,1 km/h m Subiect nr.5 15,6 km/h m Subiect nr.6 16,8 km/h m Subiect nr.7 15,8 km/h m Subiect nr.8 14,9 km/h m Subiect nr.9 17,3 km/h m Subiect 16,6 km/h m nr.10 Subiect 16,9 km/h m nr.11 Subiect nr.12 17,8 km/h m REZULTATE În tabelul nr. 1 sunt afişate rezultatele obţinute în urma celor două testări, testarea şi testarea finală. Tabel. nr. 1. Rezultatele obţinute de subiecţii celor 3 grupe la testarea iniţială iniţială (Ti), respectiv cea finală (Tf) Subiect testat % VAM în Vârsta VAM Nivelul lactatului antrenament T i T f T i T f T i T f Subiect nr ,3 15,3 54,4 54,4 2,9 2,8 Subiect nr ,9 15,1 54,1 55,1 3,1 3,1 Subiect nr ,4 16,3 58,5 58 2,7 2,8 Subiect nr ,1 16,9 61,1 60,2 3,4 3,4 Subiect nr , ,9 61,9 3,6 3,3 Subiect nr ,8 18,1 59,8 66 3,2 2,9 Subiect nr ,8 17,5 57,3 63,7 3,5 3,2 Subiect nr ,9 17,3 53,1 62,8 3,8 3,5 Subiect nr ,3 18,3 61,6 65,4 3,1 2,5 Subiect nr ,6 18,1 60,5 66 3,4 2,9 Subiect nr ,9 18,3 61,4 65,4 3,7 2,6 Subiect nr ,8 18,4 63,4 65,6 3,3 2,7 184
6 Tabel. nr. 2. Prelucrarea statistică a rezultatelor obţinute de subiecţii celor 3 grupe la testarea iniţială (Ti), respectiv cea finală (Tf) datele reprezintă media aritmetică (± deviaţia standard) % VAM în VAM Nivelul lactatului antrenament T i T f T i T f T i T f nr ,925 (±1,007) 15,9# (±0,84) 57,025 (±3,37) 56,925# (±2,68) 3,025 (±0,29) 3,025# nr ,775 (±0,78) 17,475* (±0,46) 56,775 (±2,76) 63,6* (±1,76) 3,525 3,225* nr ,15 (±0,51) 18,275* (±0,12) 61,725 (±1,21) 65,6* 3,375 2,675* (±0,17) Legendă: # - diferen ă nesemnificativă statistic fa ă de testarea ini ială (p>0,05); * - diferen ă semnificativă statistic fa ă de testarea ini ială (p< 0,05) DISCUŢII Rezultatele obţinute în urma cercetării efectuate (vezi tabelele nr. 1-2) indică faptul că VAM, măsurată prin testul VAMEVAL, depăşeşte pragul aerob, nivelul efortului prestat ajungând în zona de tranziţie aerob-anaerob, adică între valorile de 2 4 mmol.l -1. Acest lucru constituie un detaliu important în faza de planificare a antrenamentului, atunci când se stabilesc metodele şi mijloacele de pregătire, dar mai ales atunci când se realizează calculele referitoare la intensitatea antrenamentului (distanţele, timpii de alergare, felul şi mărimea pauzelor dintre serii, etc.). Referitor la efectele antrenamentului cu diferite procentaje din VAM, calculele rezultatelor obţinute dau următoarele indicii: în cazul antrenamentului cu 85 % din VAM se constată faptul că jucătorii şi-au păstrat atât nivelul VO 2 max cât şi nivelul concentraţiei de lactat sanguin (p>0,05) conform intensităţii probei efectuate (VO 2 max 57,02 ml.min -1.kg -1; lactat sangvin - 3,02 mmol.l -1). Acest lucru confirmă faptul că efectele antrenamentului cu 85% din VAM sunt de menţinere a unei capacităţi de efort aerob, prealabil dobândite prin antrenament, şi că, această intensitate de efort folosită în antrenament nu are efecte vizibile asupra pragului anaerob. În cazul antrenamentului cu 100 % din VAM se constată o îmbunătăţire a nivelului VO 2 max cu un procent de 12,03 % (56,77 63,6 ml.min -1.kg -1 ) şi o scădere a nivelului de lactat sangvin de 8,52 % (3,52 3,22 mmol.l -1 ), valorile dintre cele două testări având diferen e semnificative statistic (p< 0,05). Rezultatele indică faptul că intensitatea de antrenament corespunzătoare valorii de 100 % din VAM este direct implicată în creşterea capacităţii de efort aerob, şi că, ea contribuie şi la scăderea pragului anaerob, ceea ce înseamnă repercusiuni fiziologice pozitive asupra capacităţii anaerobe de efort. În cazul antrenamentului cu 120 % din VAM se constată o îmbunătăţire a nivelului VO 2 max cu un procent de 6,28 % (61,72 65,6 ml.min -1.kg -1 ) şi o scădere a nivelului de lactat sangvin cu un procentaj de 18,78 % (3,37-2,67 mmol.l -1 ), valorile dintre cele două testări indicând din nou diferen e semnificative statistic (p< 0,05). Rezultatele demonstrează că antrenamentul la o intensitate de 120 % din VAM are repercusiuni fiziologice atât asupra capacităţii aerobe de efort cât mai ales asupra pragului anaerob deci, implicit, asupra capacităţii anaerobe de efort. CONCLUZII Aşadar, considerăm că ipoteza cercetării de faţă a fost confirmată, ca urmare a următoarelor considerente: antrenamentului cu 85% din VAM nu are efecte vizibile asupra pragului anaerob. intensitatea de antrenament corespunzătoare valorii de 100 % din are repercusiuni fiziologice pozitive asupra capacităţii anaerobe de efort. antrenamentul la o intensitate de 120 % din VAM are efecte fiziologice importante, manifestate prin creşterea evidentă a capacităţii anaerobe de efort a subiecţilor. BIBLIOGRAFIE 1. Apostol I. Ergofiziologie curs. Ia i: Ed. Universităţii Alexandru. I. Cuza p. Romanian 2. Bangsbo J. Lindquist F. Comparison of various exercise tests whith endurance performance during soccer in professional players. Int.J.Sports Medicine. 1992;13: Cazorla et al. Les épreuves d`effort en physiologie. Epreuves et mesures du potentiel aérobie. Paris: INSEP Editions; French 4. Jousselin E. et al. Determination of aerobic-anaerobic transition zone and practical use for training. Science et Sport French 185
7 5. Keul J. et al. La transition aérobie-anaérobie lors de la pratique de certains sports. Colloque international de Saint-Etienne; French 6. Wasserman K. et al. Principes of exercise testing and interpretation. Philadelphia;
Recovery and Rehabilitation in Football
DOI: 10.2478/tperj-2013-0007 Recovery and Rehabilitation in Football F Vasile D.N. FIRIȚEANU 1 Abstract The main purpose of game analysis is to provide the coach with information about the team or the
More informationComparative Analysis of Return of Serve as Counter-attack in Modern Tennis
DOI:.2478/tperj-14-23 Comparative Analysis of Return of Serve as Counter-attack in Modern Tennis Petru Eugen MERGHEŞ 1, Beatris SIMION 2, Adrian NAGEL 3 Abstract High performance modern tennis is characterised
More informationREPETITION SPEED IN THE CONTEXT OF SPECIFIC PHYSICAL TRAINING PERIOD FOR JUDO ATHLETES
STUDIA UBB EDUCATIO ARTIS GYMN., LXII, 1, 2017, pp. 43 49 (RECOMMENDED CITATION) DOI:10.24193/subbeag.62(1).04 REPETITION SPEED IN THE CONTEXT OF SPECIFIC PHYSICAL TRAINING PERIOD FOR JUDO ATHLETES PÉTER
More informationMORPHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF FORWARDS IN THE RUGBY GAME RELATED TO TASKS AND POSITION
STUDIA UBB EDUCATIO ARTIS GYMN., LIX, 4, 2014, pp. 35-42 (RECOMMENDED CITATION) MORPHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF FORWARDS IN THE RUGBY GAME RELATED TO TASKS AND POSITION OPREAN ALEXANDRU 1*, COJOCARIU ADRIAN 1
More informationTHE TRAINING TO IMPROVE SPEED YOSHINKAN AIKIDO
STUDIA UBB EDUCATIO ARTIS GYMN., LX, 3, 5, pp. 53-65 (RECOMMENDED CITATION) THE TRAINING TO IMPROVE SPEED YOSHINKAN AIKIDO BOGDAN VASILE, POP ALEXANDRA, BARBOŞ PETRE-ION * ABSTRACT. Introduction. Aikido,
More informationConsiderations regarding the optimisation of the spike in modern volleyball
DOI: 10.1515/tperj -2016-0006 Considerations regarding the optimisation of the spike in modern volleyball Hans-Eric REITMAYER 1, Sorin GRĂDINARU 2 Abstract The aim of this paper is to analyse in detail
More informationReference Values and Gender Differences of the Functional Parameters in Romanian Elite Junior Tennis Players
DOI: 10.2478/tperj-2013-0003 Reference Values and Gender Differences of the Functional Parameters in Romanian Elite Junior Tennis Players Adrian NAGEL 1, Claudiu AVRAM 2 Abstract Purpose: To establish
More informationASSURANCE OF ROAD NETWORKS ROBUSTNESS IN CASE OF UNEXPECTED EVENTS
BULETINUL INSTITUTULUI POLITEHNIC DIN IAŞI Publicat de Universitatea Tehnică Gheorghe Asachi din Iaşi Tomul LIX (LXIII), Fasc. 3, 2013 Secţia CONSTRUCŢII. ARHITECTURĂ ASSURANCE OF ROAD NETWORKS ROBUSTNESS
More informationComparative Analysis of the Libero in great Performance Volleyball
DOI: 10.2478/tperj-2014-0024 Comparative Analysis of the Libero in great Performance Volleyball Petru Eugen MERGHEŞ 1, Sorin GRĂDINARU 2 Abstract Modern volleyball is characterised by a substantial increase
More informationSTUDIES ON THE CONTRIBUTION OF THE PUBLIC MATING STALLIONS FROM ARAD STATION ON LOCAL HORSE IMPROVEMENT
Lucrări ştiinţifice Zootehnie şi Biotehnologii, vol. 40(2) (2007), Timişoara STUDIES ON THE CONTRIBUTION OF THE PUBLIC MATING STALLIONS FROM ARAD STATION ON LOCAL HORSE IMPROVEMENT STUDII ASUPRA CONTRIBUŢIEI
More informationADVANCED SEAKEEPING COMPUTATION FOR AN FSU SHIP UNDER GIVEN ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
ADVANCED SEAKEEPING COMPUTATION FOR AN FSU SHIP UNDER GIVEN ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS George Jagite 1, Leonard Domnisoru 2 1 Bureau Veritas Romania Controle International, Galati Office 2 "Dunarea de Jos"
More informationZ. S.Gáll 1 L. Balint 1
Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Braşov Series VIII: Art Sport Vol. 4 (53) No. 2 2011 METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF AEROBIC CAPACITY OPTIMIZATION IN TERMS OF LONG DISTANCE COMPETITION EFFORTS WITHIN
More informationNecesarul de instrumente in evaluarea psihometrica. Bucuresti, 5 aprilie 2013
Necesarul de instrumente in evaluarea psihometrica Bucuresti, 5 aprilie 2013 Contextul actual Evaluarea psihologica in context organizational poate ridica dificultati majore. In prezent exista companii
More informationOPTIMIZING GAME PERFORMANCE OF JUNIOR MIDFIELD PLAYERS (17-18 YEARS OLD) BY DEVELOPING SPECIFIC FOOTBALL ENDURANCE
Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Braşov Series IX: Sciences of Human Kinetics Vol. 9 (58) No. 2-2016 OPTIMIZING GAME PERFORMANCE OF JUNIOR MIDFIELD PLAYERS (17-18 YEARS OLD) BY DEVELOPING SPECIFIC
More informationLEVEL OF VO2 MAX CAPACITY VOLLEYBALL PLAYERS
LEVEL OF VO2 MAX CAPACITY VOLLEYBALL PLAYERS Wojciech BAJOREK ABCDEF, Joanna PIECH BCD Faculty of Physical Education, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland Keywords: volleyball oxygen uptake beep test
More informationPARTICULARITIES OF GAIT REHABILITATION IN ADULT HEMIPLEGIC PATIENTS
PARTICULARITIES OF GAIT REHABILITATION IN ADULT HEMIPLEGIC PATIENTS Lucaci P. 1, Neculăeş M. 1 ¹ Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Iaşi, Romania, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport E-mail: lucacipaul91@yahoo.com
More informationTESTING KINEMATIC AND ERGOMETER PARAMETERS FOR PERFORMING THE PHASE CONTACT - BEAT IMPULSE TO THE HIGH JUMP
Science, Movement and Health, Vol. XVI, ISSUE 2 Supplement, 216 September 216, 16 (2, Supplement): 315-322 Original article TESTING KINEMATIC AND ERGOMETER PARAMETERS FOR PERFORMING THE PHASE CONTACT -
More informationComparison of Three Tests for Assesing the Aerobic Aptitude to the Elite Swimmers
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Procedia - Social and Behavioral Scienc es 117 ( 2014 ) 307 311 ICSPEK 2013 Comparison of Three Tests for Assesing the Aerobic Aptitude to the Elite
More informationDEVELOPING THE ABDOMINAL ENDURANCE OF THE UPB STUDENTS BY USING MEANS SPECIFIC TO JUDO IN THE PHYSICAL EDUCATION LESSONS
Developing the Abdominal Endurance of the UPB Students by Using Means Specific to Judo in the Physical Education Lessons Games DEVELOPING THE ABDOMINAL ENDURANCE OF THE UPB STUDENTS BY USING MEANS SPECIFIC
More informationEffects of Human and External Factors on Traffic Accidents
BULETINUL UniversităŃii Petrol Gaze din Ploieşti Vol. LXI No. 1/009 9-17 Seria Matematică - Informatică - Fizică Effects of Human and External Factors on Traffic Accidents Murat Sari *, Özcan Mutlu **,
More informationCONCURS ADMITERE 2014
CONCURS ADMITERE 204 SUBIECTELE PROBELOR ŞI BAREMELE DE CORECTARE ŞI NOTARE PROFILUL MAIŞTRI MILITARI PARTEA I: CITIT SUBIECTE TEST GRILĂ LA LIMBA ENGLEZĂ VARIANTA II Nelson Mandela became the first black
More informationAparate gratis. 03/10/2018 Ramon 84 file japan 03/12/2018. Sitekey online sign in 03/13/2018
Aparate gratis 03/10/2018 Ramon 84 file japan 03/12/2018 Sitekey online sign in 03/13/2018 -Selena kit mac price -18 channelside drive old saybrook ct 03/14/2018 Putar film kungfu cina Jocuri NOI. 20 Super
More informationSCREENING OF LATERAL EPICONDYLITIS IN SWEEPERS USING PATIENT RATED TENNIS ELBOW EVALUATION QUESTIONNAIRE
SCREENING OF LATERAL EPICONDYLITIS IN SWEEPERS USING PATIENT RATED TENNIS ELBOW EVALUATION QUESTIONNAIRE SCREENING PRIVIND PREZENȚA EPICONDILITEI LATERALE LA MĂTURĂTORI FOLOSIND CHESTIONARUL DE EVALUARE
More informationEffect of Basic Endurance Training on the Level of Maximum Oxygen Consumption and the Recorded Achievement for Junior Swimmers 400m Freestyle Stroke
World Journal of Sport Sciences 6 (1): 21-25, 2012 ISSN 2078-4724 IDOSI Publications, 2012 DOI: 10.5829/idosi.wjss.2012.6.1.1105 Effect of Basic Endurance Training on the Level of Maximum Oxygen Consumption
More informationProiectarea Rețelelor 18. Implementarea unei solutii de rutare ierarhice bazate pe OSPF
Platformă de e-learning și curriculă e-content pentru învățământul superior tehnic Proiectarea Rețelelor 18. Implementarea unei solutii de rutare ierarhice bazate pe OSPF Tipuri de arii OSPF Universitatea
More informationCircuite cu reactie Reacţia Reacţia reacţie negativă slăbeşte reacţie pozitivă întăreş
Circuite cu reactie eacţia - tehnică prin care comportarea şi proprietăţile unui sistem sunt influenţate şide mărime de ieşire a sistemului. efectul produs de o cauză influenţează acţiunea ulterioară a
More informationFatigue Determines Endurance Performance: The Training Application
Fatigue Determines Endurance Performance: The Training Application USTFCCCA Endurance Symposium 2015 Don t let fatigue make a coward out of you. Steve Prefontaine Runner Outline Of San Antonio Fatigue
More informationATTEMPTS OF INDUCTION OF SEX-REVERSAL IN CARP (CYPRINUS CARPIO VAR. KOI) USING TESTOSTERONE UNDECANOAT
Lucrări ştiinţifice Zootehnie şi Biotehnologii, vol. 40(2), (2007), Timişoara ATTEMPTS OF INDUCTION OF SEX-REVERSAL IN CARP (CYPRINUS CARPIO VAR. KOI) USING TESTOSTERONE UNDECANOAT ÎNCERCĂRI DE INDUCERE
More informationTHEORY OF TRAINING, THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS - WOMEN S RACE WALKING Prof. Corina Tifrea, Ph.D. UNEFS Bucharest Coach Badescu Delia
THEORY OF TRAINING, THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS - WOMEN S RACE WALKING Prof. Corina Tifrea, Ph.D. UNEFS Bucharest Coach Badescu Delia General characteristics of race walking Sport performance is multiply
More informationVector Rope Trainer Cardiovascular Program Fitness Level: GENERAL
Cardiovascular Program Fitness Level: GENERAL These are exercise options. Mix and match as preferred during each workout session. Frequency: Two to three days per week Start with 3 minutes of light pace
More informationSTUDY REGARDING THE CONTRIBUTION OF BACĂU STUDENTS AND ATHLETES TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF ROMANIAN OLYMPISM
STUDY REGARDING THE CONTRIBUTION OF BACĂU STUDENTS AND ATHLETES TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF ROMANIAN OLYMPISM Ababei R. (Radu Ababei) 1 1 Vasile Alecsandri University of Bacău, ROMÂNIA, raduababei@ub.ro Abstract
More informationChanges in a Top-Level Soccer Referee s Training, Match Activities, and Physiology Over an 8-Year Period: A Case Study
Case Study International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 2011, 6, 281-286 2011 Human Kinetics, Inc. Changes in a Top-Level Soccer Referee s Training, Match Activities, and Physiology Over
More informationAACL BIOFLUX Aquaculture, Aquarium, Conservation & Legislation International Journal of the Bioflux Society
AACL BIOFLUX Aquaculture, Aquarium, Conservation & Legislation International Journal of the Bioflux Society Studies regarding some morphological features of one-summer old catfish (Silurus glanis Linnaeus,
More informationADAPTABILITY, PERFORMANCE AND PRODUCTIVE LONGEVITY TO THE ELITE NUCLEUS OF BROWN BREED FROM RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT STATION FOR BOVINE RAISING ARAD
Lucrări ştiinńifice Zootehnie şi Biotehnologii, vol. 41 (2) (2008), Timişoara. ADAPTABILITY, PERFORMANCE AND PRODUCTIVE LONGEVITY TO THE ELITE NUCLEUS OF BROWN BREED FROM RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT STATION
More informationSTUDY ON SOME SOMATIC AND PHYSICAL PARAMETERS OF PLAYMAKER IN WOMEN VOLLEYBALL
STUDY ON SOME SOMATIC AND PHYSICAL PARAMETERS OF PLAYMAKER IN WOMEN VOLLEYBALL Sorin GRĂDINARU 1 1 Universitatea de Vest din Timişoara, Bulevardul Vasile Pârvan nr.4, 0223, Timişoara Tel. 0745528965, e-mail:
More informationINFLUENCE OF BOOM HEIGHT AND WORKING PRESSURE ON DISTRIBUTION UNIFORMITY ON THE WIDTH OF SPRAYING MACHINES
INFLUENCE OF BOOM HEIGHT AND WORKING PRESSURE ON DISTRIBUTION UNIFORMITY ON THE WIDTH OF SPRAYING MACHINES INFLUENŢA ÎNĂLŢIMII RAMPEI ŞI A PRESIUNII ASUPRA UNIFORMITAŢII DE DISTRIBUŢIE PE LĂŢIMEA DE LUCRU
More informationTraining Plans 10K Intermediate
To run a 10k well and have a good performance a runner must have already developed an aerobic base. I would suggest working on your distance base for 10 to 14 weeks before you start your interval training.
More information60bbm and less 60-50bbm 50-30bbm 30-20bbm 20-10bbm (incorporates a significant aerobic component)
TRAINING SPECIFICS IN RELATION TO AEROBIC & ANAEROBIC CONDITIONING OF SWIMMERS By Leigh Nugent, National Youth Coach Training specificity is a term mentioned often in the literature published on the physiological
More informationATTEMPTS FOR OPTIMIZATION THE GENETIC IMPROVEMENT ACTIONS IN HORSE POPULATIONS OF NONIUS VARIETY AND ARDENNES BREED FROM THE IZVIN STUD, TIMIŞ COUNTY
Lucrări ştiinţifice Zootehnie şi Biotehnologii, vol. 40(2), (2007), Timişoara ATTEMPTS FOR OPTIMIZATION THE GENETIC IMPROVEMENT ACTIONS IN HORSE POPULATIONS OF NONIUS VARIETY AND ARDENNES BREED FROM THE
More informationBIOMECANIC CLASSIFICATION OF NAGE-WAZA THROWING TECHNIQUES (I)
STUDIA UBB EDUCATIO ARTIS GYMN., LIX, 1, 2014, pp. 69-77 (RECOMMENDED CITATION) BIOMECANIC CLASSIFICATION OF NAGE-WAZA THROWING TECHNIQUES (I) IOAN-NELU POP 1,*, LEON GOMBOS 1, COSMIN PRODEA 2 ABSTRACT.
More informationIndividualising conditioning programs for large tactical groups
Individualising conditioning programs for large tactical groups Mick Stierli BPhysEd, MExSc, CSCS Goals of this presentation Understand the importance of prescribing individual training intensity during
More informationSTUDY CONCERNING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF HANDBALL GOALKEEPER AT THE 7 M THROWS
STUDY CONCERNING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF HANDBALL GOALKEEPER AT THE 7 M THROWS Cezar HANTĂU 1 Cristina HANTĂU Abstract This study aim is to identify the factors which influence the effectiveness of the goalkeeper
More informationON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL INFLUENCE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES CONSIDERING AN ELECTRICAL MODEL OF PULMONARY VENTILATION
ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL INFLUENCE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES CONSIDERING AN ELECTRICAL MODEL OF PULMONARY VENTILATION ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL INFLUENCE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES CONSIDERING AN ELECTRICAL MODEL
More informationTHE CONTRIBUTION OF THE GOALKEEPERS OF THE FRANCE NATIONAL TEAM IN WINNING THE INTERNATIONAL HANDBALL COMPETITIONS
Science, Movement and Health, Vol. XV, ISSUE 1, 2015 January 2015, 15 (1): 57-61 Original article THE CONTRIBUTION OF THE GOALKEEPERS OF THE FRANCE NATIONAL TEAM IN WINNING THE INTERNATIONAL HANDBALL COMPETITIONS
More informationThe Yo-Yo Test: Reliability and Association With a 20-m Shuttle Run and VO 2max
International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 2006:1:137-149 2006 Human Kinetics, Inc. The Yo-Yo Test: Reliability and Association With a 20-m Shuttle Run and VO 2max Andrew Thomas, Brian
More informationEffects of interval sprint trainings on lactate level and heart rate in elite swimmers
Volume: 14 Issue: 2 Year: 2017 Effects of interval sprint trainings on lactate level and heart rate in elite swimmers Bülent Turna 1 Selma Civar Yavuz 2 Mahmut Alp 3 Kenan Işıldak 4 Abstract The aim of
More informationDIFFERENCES IN PHYSICAL FITNESS IN KUMITE AND KATA PERFORMANCE BETWEEN FEMALE KARATE ATHLETES
DIFFERENCES IN PHYSICAL FITNESS IN KUMITE AND KATA PERFORMANCE BETWEEN FEMALE KARATE ATHLETES Sandra Vujkov*, Slavko Obadov*, Tatjana Trivić*, and Nebojša Vujkov** * Faculty of Sport and Physical Education,
More informationPalestrica of the third millennium Civilization and Sport Vol. 16, no. 4, October-December 2015,
Palestrica of the third millennium Civilization and Sport Vol. 16, no. 4, October-December 2015, 333 337 Research approach for outlining the biomechanical parameters of the tennis serve Demersuri de cercetare
More informationBIOMETRICAL ANALYSIS OF ARABIAN FOALS AND THEIR LATER SUCCESSES IN SHOWS AND ON RACE TRACK
Lucrări ştiinţifice Zootehnie şi Biotehnologii, vol. 40(2), (2007), Timişoara BIOMETRICAL ANALYSIS OF ARABIAN FOALS AND THEIR LATER SUCCESSES IN SHOWS AND ON RACE TRACK ANALIZA BIOMETRICĂ A MÂNJILOR DE
More informationProiectarea Rețelelor 14. Configurarea unei infrastructuri EIGRP
Platformă de e-learning și curriculă e-content pentru învățământul superior tehnic Proiectarea Rețelelor 14. Configurarea unei infrastructuri EIGRP Metrica folosește patru factori: Bandwidth Load Metrica
More informationMonitoring of performance an training in rowers
Monitoring of performance an training in rowers Jaak Jürimäe Demands of the Sport High maximal oxygen consumption (VO 2max ); Ability to perform at a high percentage of VO 2max for the duration of event;
More informationAACL BIOFLUX Aquaculture, Aquarium, Conservation & Legislation International Journal of the Bioflux Society
AACL BIOFLUX Aquaculture, Aquarium, Conservation & Legislation International Journal of the Bioflux Society Studies on wels catfish (Silurus glanis) development during cold season as an auxiliary species
More information1500m Training HOUSTON FRANKS MISSISSIPPI STATE UNIVERISTY
1500m Training HOUSTON FRANKS MISSISSIPPI STATE UNIVERISTY 1500m Training Influence Profiling a 1500m Runner Matching individual athlete skill sets with the physiological demands of the event Good combination
More informationMaking Middle Distance Superstars: The Workouts
Making Middle Distance Superstars: The Workouts Wisconsin Track and Field Clinic 2018 1/29/2018 1 I am most fond of my Junior World Cross Country title. Eight kilometers is very far for me. Asbel Kiprop
More informationTraining Program using critical speed exercises and their impact on some Physiological and Physical variables of handball Players during the Match
165 Training Program using critical speed exercises and their impact on some Physiological and Physical variables of handball Players during the Match * Dr/ Tarek Salah Eldin Sayed Abstract: The study
More informationTHE EFFICIENCY STUDY OF THE FINAL ACTION AT A WOMAN BASKETBALL TEAM
Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Braşov Series I: Sciences of Human Kinetics Vol. 10 (59) No. 1-2017 THE EFFICIENCY STUDY OF THE FINAL ACTION AT A WOMAN BASKETBALL TEAM Florin ȚURCANU 1 Abstract:
More informationPhysiological Assessment: Summary Report 11 December 2011
Physiological Assessment: Summary Report 11 December 211 Katie Parry MD/LD Runner Athlete Test conducted and report compiled by: Dr Andi Drake England Athletics, Leeds Metropolitan University Headingley
More informationMETROL Gestiunea aparatelor din Laboratorul de Metrologie
ESys-Comm S.R.L. Bucuresti Electronic Systems and Communications Str. Baia Mare 4, Sect. 3, Bucuresti fax: (021) 6340398, mail: office@esys-comm.ro tel: 0744.48.24.69 METROL Gestiunea aparatelor din Laboratorul
More informationPhysiological Demands of Playing Field Hockey Game at Sub Elite Players
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering PAPER OPEN ACCESS Physiological Demands of Playing Field Hockey Game at Sub Elite Players To cite this article: N W Kusnanik et al 2018 IOP Conf.
More informationHigh intensity intermittent running performance in relation to age and maturation in highly trained young soccer players
High intensity intermittent running performance in relation to age and maturation in highly trained young soccer players Martin Buchheit, Ben Simpson and Alberto Mendez Villanueva, Physiology Unit, Sport
More informationLucrări ştiinţifice Zootehnie şi Biotehnologii, vol. 40(2), (2007), Timişoara
Lucrări ştiinţifice Zootehnie şi Biotehnologii, vol. 40(2), (2007), Timişoara PRELIMINARY RESEARCHES REGARDING THE DETERMINATION OF DISEASES NATURAL RESISTANCE IN ROMANIAN HONEYBEES POPULATION (A.M. CARPATHICA),
More informationA MOVEMENT AND STRAIN MODEL OF THE BICYCLE UN MODEL DE MIŞCARE ŞI DE SOLICITARE AL BICICLETEI
UN MODEL DE MIŞCARE ŞI DE SOLICITARE AL BICICLETEI A MOVEMENT AND STRAIN MODEL OF THE BICYCLE Romeo CIOARĂ, Ovidiu SÎRBU Transilvania University of Brasov, Romania Rezumat. Bicicleta este un mijloc de
More informationDATA CONCERNING THE FISH COMMUNITIES OF THE BASEU RIVER (ROMANIA)
Analele Ştiinţifice ale Universităţii Al. I. Cuza Iaşi, s. Biologie animală, Tom LIII, 2007 DATA CONCERNING THE FISH COMMUNITIES OF THE BASEU RIVER (ROMANIA) Cătălin Dumitru COSTINIUC 1, Grigore DAVIDEANU
More informationFITNESS TESTING PKG. REPORT AND SPARQ PROTOCOL
FITNESS TESTING PKG. REPORT AND PROTOCOL BC SOCCER FITNESS TEST PACKAGE INTRODUCTION Over the past 6 years, BC Soccer Provincial Team Programs and the CSA National Training Centre Program West have been
More informationEconomia României. - la începutul unui nou ciclu
Economia României - la începutul unui nou ciclu CONSTANȚA 19 iunie 2015 dr. Andrei RĂDULESCU Senior Economist CUPRINS I. INTRODUCERE II. CLIMATUL INTERNAȚIONAL III. ROMÂNIA EVOLUȚII MACRO-FINANCIARE RECENTE
More information12. Laboratory testing
12. Laboratory testing The performance lab of a Sports Medical Center offers various tests. In this paper we elaborate the testing of the aerobic system of a runner on a treadmill. To test the aerobic
More information3 ON 3 BASKETBALL FACTS AND PERSPECTIVE
3 ON 3 BASKETBALL FACTS AND PERSPECTIVE Ionela Cristina NAE 1 Abstract Streetball or 3-on-3 basketball is a particularly successful sport that is derived for basketball. It is a sport which is usually
More informationRUNNING LOADS IN DECATHLON TRAINING
RUNNING LOADS IN DECATHLON TRAINING By S. Shelkov and N. Semikolenov The organization of running training in the decathlon appears to have a considerable influence on the total score. In the following
More informationCoaching Applications The Effect of Intermittent Hypoxic Exposure plus Sea Level Swimming Training on Anaerobic Swimming Performance
J. Swimming Research, Vol. 19:2 (2012) Coaching Applications plus Sea Level Swimming Training on Anaerobic Swimming Performance Miller A.N. 1 and George K. 2 Department of Biomolecular and Sports Science,
More informationA Nomogram Of Performances In Endurance Running Based On Logarithmic Model Of Péronnet-Thibault
American Journal of Engineering Research (AJER) e-issn: 2320-0847 p-issn : 2320-0936 Volume-6, Issue-9, pp-78-85 www.ajer.org Research Paper Open Access A Nomogram Of Performances In Endurance Running
More informationWORKSHOP #2 Sturgeon Analysis. Bucharest 07 October STUDIU DE FEZABILITATE ÎN PUNCTUL CRITIC 01 BALA Workshop #2
STUDIU DE FEZABILITATE PENTRU SOLUŢII TEHNICE ALTERNATIVE/COMPLEMENTARE PRIVIND LUCRĂRILE CE SE VOR EXECUTA ÎN PUNCTUL CRITIC 01 BALA DIN CADRUL PROIECTULUI ÎMBUNĂTĂŢIREA CONDIŢIILOR DE NAVIGAŢIE PE DUNĂRE
More informationDuration of exercise and anaerobic energy share. Assesment of anaerobic capabilities in elite athletes. Evaluation of anaerobic capabilities
Assesment of anaerobic capabilities in elite athletes Dušan Hamar Dept. of Sports Medicine Inst. of Sports Sciences Bratislava Slovakia Energy share (%) Duration of exercise and anaerobic energy share
More informationPreparation of the Elite Junior Middle Distance Runner. Scott Christensen January 2011
Preparation of the Elite Junior Middle Distance Runner Scott Christensen January 2011 Part 1: Athlete and event profiling for the middle distance events. Part 2: Training modalities for the 800 and 1600
More informationModel: STR-CTY-1. Puteri disponibile pentru acest model: 30W/40W. Echivalent iluminat HPS: 80W/100W
Model: Puteri disponibile pentru acest model: 30W/40W Echivalent iluminat HPS: 80W/100W Informatii generale: Numar LED-uri: 36 buc. (modul) Chip LED utilizat: Philips / Osram / Nichia Sursa alimentare:
More informationThe impact of freediving on psychomotor performance and blood catecholamine concentration
The impact of freediving on psychomotor performance and blood catecholamine concentration Jan Chmura 1, Adam Kawczyński 1, Marek Mędraś 2, Paweł Jóźków 2, Bartosz Morawiec 1 1 University School of Physical
More informationTraining Plan, Half Marathon (4 month plan)
Training Plan, Half Marathon (4 month plan) 17 week plan for the Bradford CityRun 3 training sessions per week This is suitable for someone who can easily run 10km without stopping and has regularly trained,
More informationUnpacking Interval. Lisa A. Workman
Unpacking Interval Training Lisa A. Workman Sunday, September 24, 2017 Overview History Exercise Physiology 101 The Three Energy Systems Training Continuum Types of Intervals Benefits History Joe Binks
More informationLanguages. Heart rate. Vo2
Languages Heart rate Vo2 Lactate Pace Tools and the Art of Coaching Vo2 Pace 0mph 23 mph Heart Rate 36 bpm 215 bpm Lactate Levels < 1 mms 15 or more mms Vo2 Minimum utilization of Oxygen Maximum utilization
More informationFaculty of Medicine, University Paris XIII, Bobigny France Corresponding Author: Henry Vandewalle
American Journal of Engineering Research (AJER) eissn: 23200847 pissn : 23200936 Volume6, Issue9, pp317323 www.ajer.org Research Paper Open Access Mathematical modeling of the running performances in endurance
More informationThe best way to achieve both these things is lots of regular running on a consistent basis.
Half Marathon Training From First Timers to Faster Times Half Marathon To the uninitiated, the tone of this title hints at a runner on the way to something bigger and better. And you might be, but the
More informationInfluence of Acyclic Sports on Figures of the Respiratory System of Young Athletes of Years
Influence of Acyclic Sports on Figures of the Respiratory System of Young Athletes of 10-12 Years Sabralieva T.M. PhD Abdyrakhmanova D.O PhD Assistant Professor 720044, Bishkek Kyrgyzstan Mira Avenue 56
More informationA Re-Examination of Running Energetics in Average and Elite Distance Runners
University of Colorado, Boulder CU Scholar Integrative Physiology Graduate Theses & Dissertations Integrative Physiology Spring 1-1-2013 A Re-Examination of Running Energetics in Average and Elite Distance
More informationTECHNICAL AND TACTICAL ASPECTS OF BLOCKED FOREHAND RETURN IN THE SINGLES MEN
Science, Movement and Health, Vol. XVII, ISSUE 2 Supplement, 2017 September 2017, 17 (2, Supplement): 535-540 Original article TECHNICAL AND TACTICAL ASPECTS OF BLOCKED FOREHAND RETURN IN THE SINGLES MEN
More informationIMPROVING THE BIATHLON JUNIOR ATHLETE PERFORMANCES BY OPTIMIZING THE TECHNICAL TRAINING FOR THE SHOOTING EVENT
Gheorghe Balint 1 Daniela Gîrbacea 2 1 University Vasile Alecsandri of Bacău 2 CSS. Dinamo Râşnov Original scientific paper IMPROVING THE BIATHLON JUNIOR ATHLETE PERFORMANCES BY OPTIMIZING THE TECHNICAL
More informationMORPHOLOGICAL STUDY CONCERNING THE REPRODUCTION HORSES FROM ROMANIAN SEMIGREUL BREED FROM RUŞEŢU STUD
MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY CONCERNING THE REPRODUCTION HORSES FROM ROMANIAN SEMIGREUL BREED FROM RUŞEŢU STUD M.G. Doliş 1*, P.T. Nagy 2, C.E. Nistor 1 1 University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine
More informationOXYGEN POWER By Jack Daniels, Jimmy Gilbert, 1979
1 de 6 OXYGEN POWER By Jack Daniels, Jimmy Gilbert, 1979 Appendix A Running is primarily a conditioning sport. It is not a skill sport as is basketball or handball or, to a certain extent, swimming where
More informationManual pentru driver de imprimantă universal
Manual pentru driver de imprimantă universal Brother Universal Printer Driver (BR-Script3) Brother Mono Universal Printer Driver (PCL) Brother Universal Printer Driver (Inkjet) Versiunea B ROM 1 Prezentare
More informationFootball Association of Wales Professional Licence. Pre-season training programme
Football Association of Wales Professional Licence Pre-season training programme Pre-season training AEROBIC POWER (85 95% Max HR) INTENSIVE ENDURANCE (Interval training) TO INCREASE HIGH-INTENSITY PRESSING
More informationSECŢIUNEA II- MANEVRA NAVELOR CARE SE VĂD UNA PE ALTA SECTION II- CONDUCT OF VESSELS IN SIGHT OF ONE ANOTHER
SECŢIUNEA II- MANEVRA NAVELOR CARE SE VĂD UNA PE ALTA SECTION II- CONDUCT OF VESSELS IN SIGHT OF ONE ANOTHER REGULA 11 Domeniul de aplicare Regulile prezentei secţiuni se aplică navelor care se văd una
More informationSpeed and power assessment in U15 soccer players: influence of birth month and effect of specific training
: influence of birth month and effect of specific training S. Boyas, T. Hervéou, A. Rahmani, S. Durand Laboratory «Movement, Interactions, Performance» EA 4334 School of Sports Sciences, University of
More informationANALIZA COST - BENEFICIU
ANALIZA COST - BENEFICIU EXTINDERE RETEA PUBLICA DE CANALIZARE PE STRADA GRANDEA GRIGORE, SECTOR 6, BUCURESTI Tabel nr.1 DATE GENERALE FOLOSITE IN ANALIZA FINANCIARA Perioada de analiza Anul de inceput
More informationRESPIRATORY REGULATION DURING EXERCISE
RESPIRATORY REGULATION DURING EXERCISE Respiration Respiration delivery of oxygen to and removal of carbon dioxide from the tissue External respiration ventilation and exchange of gases in the lung Internal
More informationAparate Retroauriculare (BTE)
Aparate Retroauriculare (BTE) ARIES ARIES PRO MANUAL DE UTILIZARE CUPRINS Caracteristici şi funcţii.... 2 Identificare.... 3 Baterii... 4 Aşezarea şi scoaterea olivei.... 8 Pornirea, oprirea şi volumul....
More informationEffects of Formulated Feed on water Quality in Fingerling Waleye Production Ponds
Natural Resource Ecology and Management Publications Natural Resource Ecology and Management 2007 Effects of Formulated Feed on water Quality in Fingerling Waleye Production Ponds Sarah E. Kaatz Iowa State
More informationCum funcționează asigurarea
Cum funcționează asigurarea Despre Insurance Europe Insurance Europe este federatia europeana a societatilor de asigurare si reasigurare. Prin cele 34 organizatii membre asociatiile nationale ale asiguratorilor
More informationCOSAVA A BANATEAN WIND COSAVA UN VANT BANATEAN
Abstract: Coşava is a very intense wind (which sometimes touches 25-30m/s), with a foehn character (the direction of air is perpendicular to the massive mountainous orientation), that blows in the south
More informationCum funcționează asigurarea
Cum funcționează asigurarea Despre Insurance Europe Insurance Europe este federatia europeana a societatilor de asigurare si reasigurare. Prin cele 34 organizatii membre asociatiile nationale ale asiguratorilor
More informationFSU Distance Training Program. Bob Braman
FSU Distance Training Program Bob Braman Coach Braman s Coaching Influences Jarrett Slavin HS Coach Florida Track Club w/shorter Tom Jones HS Coach Head Coach @ Florida Hall of Fame Stan Huntsman College
More informationTECHNOLOGY FOR DECREASING ACTIVE DRAG AT THE MAXIMAL SWIMMING VELOCITY
TECHNOLOGY FOR DECREASING ACTIVE DRAG AT THE MAXIMAL SWIMMING VELOCITY Sergei Kolmogorov, Sergei Lyapin, Olga Rumyantseva and J. Paulo Vilas-Boas 1 Centroconcept, Pomor University, Arkhangelsk, Russia
More informationBuilding Endurance By Susan Ellis
Building Endurance By Susan Ellis Speed skating is a sport with many different distances, from sprint races, to 10K races, to marathon skating. Each of the distances draws on certain types of fuel to maximize
More information