Impact of Upcoming Stall/Upset Requirements in the U.S.

Transcription

1 Impact of Upcoming Stall/Upset Requirements in the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration Robert Burke Jeffery Schroeder World Aviation Training Conference April 19,

2 Main points Implementing regulations is now the challenge Developed course to train all inspectors who approve airline training Have beta tested it with 100 pilots Top two problematic observations to date are If stalled, I need to add full power first I should still power out of a stall down low 2

3 Outline Regulations and guidance Common questions FAA course Academics Simulator exercises Observations Conclusions 3

4 Regulations and guidance Upset and full-stall recovery training required in U.S. for air carrier pilots starting in 2019 Must train when hired, change aircraft, change seats, and every 2 years thereafter Must be in a Level C or D Simulators must meet new requirements before they are used for the training Instructors require additional training 4

5 Regulations and guidance Upset prevention and recovery training Stall prevention and recovery training 5

6 Common Questions Do all pilots have to be trained by March12, 2019? Do I have to create a bounced landing button, or how do I make the simulator bounce? Can the simulator fly the full stall demonstration? 6

7 Common Questions Isn't forcing pilots to go to the full stall point negative learning? My aircraft has envelope protection, I don t have to do this training, correct? Can simulators accurately replicate a stalled condition? 7

8 Now what? 8

9 FAA Course Academics (4 hrs) Simulator exercises (2 hrs) 9

10 Academics The problem New rules Basic principles Stalls Upsets Loss of reliable airspeed 10

11 Academics example Which of these defines a stall? 11

12 Academics example Which of these defines a stall? A. A nose-down pitch that cannot be readily arrested, which may be accompanied by an uncommanded rolling motion 12

13 Academics example Which of these defines a stall? A. A nose-down pitch that cannot be readily arrested, which may be accompanied by an uncommanded rolling motion B. Buffeting of a magnitude and severity that is a strong and effective deterrent to further increase in angle of attack 13

14 Academics example Which of these defines a stall? A. A nose-down pitch that cannot be readily arrested, which may be accompanied by an uncommanded rolling motion B. Buffeting of a magnitude and severity that is a strong and effective deterrent to further increase in angle of attack C. The pitch control reaches the aft stop for 2 sec and no further increase in pitch attitude occurs when the control is held full aft, which can lead to an excessive descent rate 14

15 Academics example Which of these defines a stall? A. A nose-down pitch that cannot be readily arrested, which may be accompanied by an uncommanded rolling motion B. Buffeting of a magnitude and severity that is a strong and effective deterrent to further increase in angle of attack C. The pitch control reaches the aft stop for 2 sec and no further increase in pitch attitude occurs when the control is held full aft, which can lead to an excessive descent rate D. Activation of a stall identification device (e.g., stick pusher) 15

16 Simulator session Use both of our B737 and A330 simulators 20 exercises Start within operational flight envelope Nose-high, nose-low, and overbanked upsets Stall prevention and stall recovery Several graduation scenarios 16

17 Observations #10 AoA is negative when I m upside down 17

18 Observations #10 AoA is negative when I m upside down # 9 Why shouldn t I lift a swept wing with rudder 18

19 Observations #10 AoA is negative when I m upside down # 9 Why shouldn t I lift a swept wing with rudder # 8 I ll just level these wings first 19

20 Observations #10 AoA is negative when I m upside down # 9 Why shouldn t I lift a swept wing with rudder # 8 I ll just level these wings first # 7 Is low airspeed alert the first indication? 20

21 Observations #10 AoA is negative when I m upside down # 9 Why shouldn t I lift a swept wing with rudder # 8 I ll just level these wings first # 7 Is low airspeed alert the first indication? # 6 Stall depends on airspeed, bank, etc. 21

22 Observations #10 AoA is negative when I m upside down # 9 Why shouldn t I lift a swept wing with rudder # 8 I ll just level these wings first # 7 Is low airspeed alert the first indication? # 6 Stall depends on airspeed, bank, etc. # 5 Didn t think thrust went down THAT MUCH w/ altitude 22

23 Observations #10 AoA is negative when I m upside down # 9 Why shouldn t I lift a swept wing with rudder # 8 I ll just level these wings first # 7 Is low airspeed alert the first indication? # 6 Stall depends on airspeed, bank, etc. # 5 Didn t think thrust went down THAT MUCH w/ altitude # 4 Does the airplane really buffet that bad? 23

24 Observations #10 AoA is negative when I m upside down # 9 Why shouldn t I lift a swept wing with rudder # 8 I ll just level these wings first # 7 Is low airspeed alert the first indication? # 6 Stall depends on airspeed, bank, etc. # 5 Didn t think thrust went down THAT MUCH w/ altitude # 4 Does the airplane really buffet that bad? # 3 That wasn t a stall, as there was no break 24

25 Observations #10 AoA is negative when I m upside down # 9 Why shouldn t I lift a swept wing with rudder # 8 I ll just level these wings first # 7 Is low airspeed alert the first indication? # 6 Stall depends on airspeed, bank, etc. # 5 Didn t think thrust went down THAT MUCH w/ altitude # 4 Does the airplane really buffet that bad? # 3 That wasn t a stall, as there was no break # 2 I should still power out of a stall down low 25

26 Observations #10 AoA is negative when I m upside down # 9 Why shouldn t I lift a swept wing with rudder # 8 I ll just level these wings first # 7 Is low airspeed alert the first indication? # 6 Stall depends on airspeed, bank, etc. # 5 Didn t think thrust went down THAT MUCH w/ altitude # 4 Does the airplane really buffet that bad? # 3 That wasn t a stall, as there was no break # 2 I should still power out of a stall down low # 1 If stalled, I need to add full power first 26

27 Conclusions Implementing regulations is now the challenge Developed course to train all inspectors who approve airline training Have beta tested it with 100 pilots Top two problematic observations to date are If stalled, I need to add full power first I should still power out of a stall down low 27