SCREENING OF TOPOGRAPHIC FACTOR ON WIND SPEED ESTIMATION WITH NEURAL NETWORK ANALYSIS
|
|
- Aleesha Hawkins
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 The Seventh Asia-Pacific Conference on Wind Engineering, November 8-12, 2009, Taipei, Taiwan SCREENING OF TOPOGRAPHIC FACTOR ON WIND SPEED ESTIMATION WITH NEURAL NETWORK ANALYSIS Fumiaki Nagao 1 Minoru Noda 2 and Takaaki Kusuhara 3 1 Professor, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Tokushima, 2-1,Minami-Josanjima, Tokushima, Japan, fumi@ce.tokushima-u.ac.jp 2 Associate Professor, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Tokushima, 2-1,Minami-Josanjima, Tokushima, tarda@ce.tokushima-u.ac.jp 3 Graduate Student, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Tokushima, 2-1,Minami-Josanjima, Tokushima ABSTRACT Author s previous studies concerning to the topographic factor analysis of wind properties by using multi regression analysis and the information of upper air wind gave precise estimation results. In this study, a neural network (NN) was adopted instead of the multi regression analysis. The effects of the combination of topographic factors and the sampling index of training data for NN on the estimation of wind properties were investigated. The reduction of topographic factors and the use of appropriate sampling index of training data for NN could introduce the accurate estimation of wind properties. KEYWORDS: TOPOGRAPHIC FACTOR ANALYSIS, NEURAL NETWORK, UPPER AIR WIND SPEED Introduction The estimation of wind properties at a specific site is important to evaluate the wind load on a structure, the diffusion of air pollutant and the wind energy, et al. Wind maps obtained from general meteorological stations with long-term records will give the preliminary estimation of wind speed for the specific location. However, the wind speed given by the wind maps was not always sufficient for an accurate estimation because of the complex terrain properties around the location. Therefore, lots of studies concerning to it have been carried out by the field observations (Teunissen (1983), Utsunomiya et al (1989)), wind tunnel tests using scaled topographic model (Cook et al (1977/1978), Utsunomiya et al (1992)), theoretical and numerical analyses (Jackson & Hunt (1975), Murakami et al (2003)), and regression analyses (Murakami et al (1983), Utsunomiya et al (1998), Nagao et al(2005)). In this study, the improvement of the estimation accuracy of wind properties by using a neural network (NN) analysis with topographic factors (Noda et al (2006)) was attempted by the introduction of upper air wind information, which was chosen as the representative of the wind properties at the specific site, by the reduction of topographic factors and by the use of training data based on appropriate sampling index. Observation Sites and Wind Data Sample data of surface wind speed and direction were obtained from the records of AMeDAS (Automated Meteorological Data Acquisition System) observatories, which were developed all over the Japanese Island as a meteorological network system. There are 43
2 observatories of AMeDAS in Shikoku Island, from which typical 30 observatories were chosen for the analysis as shown in Fig.1. Sample data of upper wind properties in the 850 hpa pressure surface were obtained from RANAL (Regional objective analysis dataset), which was used for the weather prediction in Japan, whose mesh size is about 20km. The upper wind properties for each AMeDAS site were interpolated from surrounding grid s values. The mean wind speed and its relative frequency of occurrence of wind direction for 16 azimuths in each station were calculated by using mean wind speeds and directions averaged for ten minutes in every twelve hour, that is, 00UTC and 12UTC, during three years from 1997 to 1999 and in every six hour, 00, 06, 12 and 18UTC, during five years from 2002 to The ratios of surface wind speeds to upper wind speeds for 16 wind directions at the same time were used as the output in the NN analysis using topographic factors. Topographic Factors and Neural Network Topographic factors used here were followings; 1) Reduced distance from sea [RDS, m], RDS = 60,000 m - the shortest distance from the sea to the site. If there is no sea, 0 km is set for RDS, therefore, the larger RDS should be corresponding to the higher wind speed. 2) Reduced distance from obstacle [RDO, m], RDO = 60,000 m - the shortest distance, r1, from the obstacle region given by shaded area shown in Fig. 2, where θ = 0.15 (rad.) and r = 10,000 m were chosen. If there is no obstacle, 0 km is set for RDS, therefore, the larger RDS implies the larger sheltering effects. 3) Ratio of obstacle [RO, %], ratio of obstacle region shown in Fig. 2 to the fan-shape area with the radius of r2 corresponding to the distance between the highest altitude point and the site, where the area is weighted by the distance to the site taking into account of the influence magnitude of the distance. 4) Mean altitude [MA, m], mean altitude is an average of the altitude divided in the distance to the site, since the influence of altitude is small as the site leaving far away. 5) Effect of Sheltering [EOS], sheltering effect is summation of the weighted area, where forest, building et al are belong to rank 3, which has weighting factor of 3, grassy plain, farmland et al are classified into rank 2 with weighting factor 2, and rank 1 with factor 1 is consisted with sea, lake and river. 6) Effect of Convergence [EOC], convergence effect is calculated by using the sheltering effect, EOS as follows, {EOS (right hand side) + EOS (left hand side)} {2 EOS (upstream) + EOS (downstream)}. 7) Degree of valley [DV], degree of valley is defined the ratio of the depth of valley to the width of the valley, the depth and width of valley were estimated by the envelope of the terrain within the radius of 5 km. 8) Degree of mountain [DM], degree of the mountain is the same definition for DV, however, definition of mountain is the opposite of the valley. 9) The altitude of the site, [ALT, m], and 10) the height of the anemometer above ground, [H, m] were also used in the analysis. Pt. S Figure 1: Location of Analyzed AMeDAS Observatories r0 r A θ: Inclination angle defining obstacle region, θ=0.15 (rad) for RDO and θ=0.05 for RO, respectively r1: Minimum distance to obstacle region r2: Distance to the maximum altitude r0: 10 km in the analysis RO = A / r + A / r / A / r A1 A2 A A: Fan shaped area within r2 Figure 2: Definition of Obstacle Region
3 Topographic factors were obtained from the altitude data of the Grid Information System Data for Japan where altitude and land information were recorded at an interval of about 50m, respectively. The neural network used here was constituted of single hidden layer with two units. In order to increase the estimation accuracy, it is very important how to select the training data. Four kinds of sampling index for the selection of training data were introduced, that is, 1) wind speed on the grand [GWS], 2) the correlation between upper and surface wind speed [CWS], 3) the wind speed ratio between upper and surface wind [RWS], and 4) the incidence of the same wind direction between upper and surface winds [IWD]. In the analysis, the number of training data was increased from reliable 20 data to all data 480 (=16 azimuths 30 sites)) with the interval of 20. Results and Discussions In Figure 3, the correlation coefficients of surface wind speeds between the observation and the estimation obtained from four different sampling indexes were shown by the numbers of the training data set, where the topographic factor, Ratio of obstacle [RO] did not used. Figure (a) shows the results for all data set including the training data and Figure (b) gives the results of estimated wind speeds. From Figure 3(a), the increase of the training data set gives the more accurate estimation for all data set in four different indexes due to the increase of training data themselves. On the other hand, as shown in Figure 3(b), the correlations of the estimated wind speeds show different distributions depended on the sampling indexes of training data, where the training data chosen by the incidence of the same wind direction, IWD, give the highest accuracy. In the Figure 4, the rest square errors of surface wind speeds between the observation and the estimation obtained from four different sampling indexes were shown against the numbers of the training data set. The rest square errors of the estimated wind speeds become small in the case of the sampling indexes of the correlation between upper and surface wind speed, CWS, and the incidence of the same wind direction, IWD. The scatter diagram for observed and estimated surface wind speeds obtained in 340 training data (70% of all data) selected by IWD is given in Figure 5. The good agreement of surface wind speeds between estimations and observations was obtained. Therefore in the NN analyses here after, the training data was selected by the index of the IWD. Table 1 shows the effects of the removal of one topographic factor in the analyses on the averaged correlation coefficients of surface wind speeds between the observation and the estimation obtained over 23 analyses changing the numbers of training data from 20 to 460 with the interval of 20. In the case of the removal of the factor, Reduced distance from obstacle [RDO], the mean correlation coefficient shows the highest value, R= Furthermore, the analyses for the removal of two topographic factors were carried out, where one removal factor was fixed to the Reduced distance from obstacle [RDO]. Two combinations of the removal of topographic factors showed the improvement of estimation, that is, one was RDO and RO, the other was RDO and MA. The effects of the removal of those topographic factors on the correlation coefficients and the rest square errors of surface wind speeds between the estimation and the observation are shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, respectively. From Figure 6, the removal of two topographic factors gave higher correlations where the training data were less than 260. Moreover, at the training data number of 360, the low correlation was scored in the case of the removal of RDO, while the removal of two topographic factors kept higher correlations. For the rest square errors, as shown in Figure 7, the poor estimation was also obtained at the training data number of 360 in the case of the removal of RDO, while the removal of two topographic factors kept small errors. The scatter
4 diagram of estimated surface wind speeds without RDO, RDO + RO and RDO + MA at the training data number of 360 were shown in Figure 8 (a), (b) and (c), respectively. It is clear that estimated values without RDO shows extremely overestimated values, however, those without RDO + RO and RDO + MA show good correlations. For the worst estimated observatory site in Figure 8, where indicated in Figure 1 as Pt. S, the radar chart of estimated and observed surface wind speeds without RDO, RDO + RO and RDO + MA at the training data number of 360 were shown in Figure 9 (a), (b) and (c), respectively. The wind speed of SWS which is parallel to the coastline at Pt. S was extremely overestimated without RDO, while those of the removal of two topographic factors gave closer estimations. From these results, the removal of two topographic factors, RDO and RO or RDO and MA, gave the most precise estimation in the analyses used here. Table 1: Averaged Correlation Coefficients of Surface Wind Speeds between Observation and Estimation by the Removal of One topographic Factor Removed Topographic Factor RDS RDO RO MA EOS EOC DV DM - R Rest Square Error, e 2 IWD RWS CWS GWS IWD RWS CWS GWS IWD RWS CWS GWS (a) All Data Including Training Data (b) Estimation Figure 3: Correlation Coefficients between Estimated and Observed Surface Wind Speeds Using Four Different Sampling Indexes for the Selection of Training Data Figure 4: Rest Square Errors between Estimated and Observed Surface Wind Speeds Using Four Different Sampling Indexes for the Selection of Training Data Estimation (m/s) Rest Square Error, e 2 Training Data Estimation Figure 5: Scatter Diagram Obtained at 340 Training Data Selected by the Incidence of Wind Direction Without RDO + Without RDO+RO Without RDO+MA Figure 6: Correlation Coefficients without RDO, RDO+RO and RDO+MA Without RDO + Without RDO+RO Without RDO+MA Figure 7: Rest Square Errors without RDO, RDO+RO and RDO+MA
5 Estimation (m/s) Estimation (m/s) Estimation (m/s) (a) without RDO (b) without RDO and RO (c) without RDO and MO Figure 8: Scatter Diagram of Surface Wind Speeds Obtained at 360 Training Data (a) without RDO (b) without RDO and RO (c) without RDO and MA Figure 9: Radar Chart of Estimated ( ) and Observed ( ) Surface Wind Speeds for 360 Training Data at Pt. S In order to confirm the effects of topographic factors on the surface wind properties, the topographic factors were changed to random variables, and then the NN analyses were carried out. The correlation coefficients and the rest square errors based on the normal topographic factors and random variables were indicated in Figure 10 and 11, where Figures (a), (b) and (c) correspond to estimated wind speeds, training data and all data, respectively. From these figures, the wind speeds obtained from the random data instead of topographic factors show extreme poor correlations and large errors for not only estimated one but also training data. Therefore, it is apparent that topographic factors used here contribute to the local wind properties. Conclusions The reduction of topographic factors and the use of appropriate sampling index of training data for the neural network analysis, NN could introduce the accurate estimation of surface wind properties by using the introduction of upper air wind information as the representative of the wind properties at the specific site. It became also clear that topographic factors used here affect properly on the local wind properties from the substitution of random variables for the topographic factors. References Cook, N.J., Coulson, B.H. Mckay, W., (1977/1987), Wind conditions around the Rock of Gibraltar. J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn., Vol. 2,
6 (a) Estimation (b) Training Data (c) All Data Figure 10: Correlation Coefficients Based on the Normal Topographic Factors ( ) and Random Variables ( ) Rest Square Error, e 2 Rest Square Error, e 2 Rest Square Error, e 2 (a) Estimation (b) Training Data (c) All Data Figure 11: Rest Square Errors Based on the Normal Topographic Factors ( ) and Random Variables ( ) Jackson, P.S., Hunt, J.C.R., (1975), Turbulent wind over a low hill. Quart. J. R. Met. Soc., Vol.101, Murakami, S., Komine, H., (1983), Prediction method for surface wind velocity distribution by means of regression analysis of topographic effects on local wind speed. J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn., Vol. 15, Murakami, S., Otsuka, et al, (2003), CFD prediction of flow over complex terrain using local area wind energy prediction system (LAWEPS). Proc. 11th Int. Cong. on Wind Eng., Lubbock, Texas, USA, Vol. 2, Nagao, F, Noda, M, et al, (2005), Regression analysis of local wind properties taking into account local terrain factors and upper air information. Proc. 18th KKCNN Symp. on Civil Eng. 2005, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Noda, M, Nagao, F, Chikae, Y, and Utsunomiya, H, (2006), Study on estimation of ground wind based on the upper wind information. Proc. 19th National Symp. on Wind Eng. 2006, (in Japanese). Teunissen, H.W., (1983), Wind tunnel and full-scale comparisons of mean wind flow over an isolated low hill. J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn., Vol. 15, Utsunomiya, H., Nagao, F., Yoshimura, S., (1989), Wind tunnel and full-scale comparisons on the change of local wind characteristics due to an open cut. J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn., Vol. 32, Utsunomiya, H., Nagao, F., Saito, Y., (1992), Estimation of local strong wind around small peninsula-like terrain. J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn., Vol. 41, Utsunomiya, H., Nagao, F., Urakami, I., (1998), Regression analysis of local wind properties with local topographic factors. J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn., Vol ,
DEVELOPMENT OF SAFE VERTICAL AXIS WIND TURBINE
The Seventh Asia-Pacific Conference on Wind Engineering, November 8-12, 29, Taipei, Taiwan DEVELOPMENT OF SAFE VERTICAL AXIS WIND TURBINE FOR OVER SPEED ROTATION Minoru Noda 1, Fumiaki Nagao 2 and Akira
More informationSurrounding buildings and wind pressure distribution on a high rise building
Surrounding buildings and wind pressure distribution on a high rise building Conference or Workshop Item Accepted Version Luo, Z. (2008) Surrounding buildings and wind pressure distribution on a high rise
More informationCOMPARISONS OF COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS AND
The Seventh Asia-Pacific Conference on Wind Engineering, November 8-12, 2009, Taipei, Taiwan COMPARISONS OF COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS AND WIND TUNNEL EXPERIMENTS FOR PEDESTRIAN WIND ENVIRONMENTS Chin-Hsien
More informationAIRFLOW GENERATION IN A TUNNEL USING A SACCARDO VENTILATION SYSTEM AGAINST THE BUOYANCY EFFECT PRODUCED BY A FIRE
- 247 - AIRFLOW GENERATION IN A TUNNEL USING A SACCARDO VENTILATION SYSTEM AGAINST THE BUOYANCY EFFECT PRODUCED BY A FIRE J D Castro a, C W Pope a and R D Matthews b a Mott MacDonald Ltd, St Anne House,
More informationPROPAGATION OF LONG-PERIOD WAVES INTO AN ESTUARY THROUGH A NARROW INLET
PROPAGATION OF LONG-PERIOD WAVES INTO AN ESTUARY THROUGH A NARROW INLET Takumi Okabe, Shin-ichi Aoki and Shigeru Kato Department of Civil Engineering Toyohashi University of Technology Toyohashi, Aichi,
More informationTHREE DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURES OF FLOW BEHIND A
The Seventh Asia-Pacific Conference on Wind Engineering, November 8-12, 29, Taipei, Taiwan THREE DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURES OF FLOW BEHIND A SQUARE PRISM Hiromasa Kawai 1, Yasuo Okuda 2 and Masamiki Ohashi
More informationEFFECTS OF SIDEWALL OPENINGS ON THE WIND LOADS ON PIPE-FRAMED GREENHOUSES
The Seventh Asia-Pacific Conference on Wind Engineering, November 8-12, 29, Taipei, Taiwan EFFECTS OF SIDEWALL OPENINGS ON THE WIND LOADS ON PIPE-FRAMED GREENHOUSES Yasushi Uematsu 1, Koichi Nakahara 2,
More informationWind pressure coefficient determination for greenhouses built in a reclaimed land using CFD technique
Ref: 1064 Wind pressure coefficient determination for greenhouses built in a reclaimed land using CFD technique Hyun-seob Hwang and In-bok Lee, Department of Rural Systems Engineering, Research Institute
More information&)' VWXG\ DQG ZLQG IORZ PRGHOLQJ RYHU GLIIHUHQW WHUUDLQ W\SHV
ɇⱥɍɑɇɂɍɋɍⱦɉȼȿɇⱥɋɍɋȿɇɋʉɂəɍɇɂȼȿɋɋɂɍȿɍ-2015 ɬɨɦ54ɫɟɪɢɹ1.2 &)'VWXG\DQGZLQGIORZPRGHOLQJRYHUGLIIHUHQWWHUUDLQW\SHV Angel Terziev Kiril Mavrov CFD study and wind flow modeling over different terrain types: Worldwide,
More informationDEVELOPMENT OF TSUNAMI REFUGE PETRI-NET SIMULATION SYSTEM UTILIZABLE IN INDEPENDENCE DISASTER PREVENTION ORGANIZATION
DEVELOPMENT OF TSUNAMI REFUGE PETRI-NET SIMULATION SYSTEM UTILIZABLE IN INDEPENDENCE DISASTER PREVENTION ORGANIZATION Takashi Minamoto 1, Yoshifumi Nariyuki 2, Yasuhiro Fujiwara 1 and Atsushi Mikami 3
More informationSIMULATION OF THE FLOW FIELD CHARACTERISTICS OF TRANSIENT FLOW
The Seventh Asia-Pacific Conference on Wind Engineering, November 8-12, 2009, Taipei, Taiwan SIMULATION OF THE FLOW FIELD CHARACTERISTICS OF TRANSIENT FLOW S. Cao 1, Y. Zhao 2, H. Ozono, Y. Tamura, A.Kareem
More informationInfluence of Heat Transport by Sea Breezes on Inland Temperature in the Osaka Area
Academic Article Journal of Heat Island Institute International Vol. 9-2 (2) Influence of Heat Transport by Sea Breezes on Inland Temperature in the Osaka Area Atsumasa Yoshida* Junichi Yashiro* Xinbo
More informationWind Pressure Distribution on Rectangular Plan Buildings with Multiple Domes
Wind Pressure Distribution on Rectangular Plan Buildings with Multiple Domes Astha Verma, Ashok K. Ahuja Abstract Present paper describes detailed information of the experimental study carried out on the
More informationDESIGN AND CHARACTERISTICS OF A LARGE BOUNDARY- LAYER WIND TUNNEL WITH TWO TEST SECTIONS
The Seventh Asia-Pacific Conference on Wind Engineering, November 8-12, 2009, Taipei, Taiwan DESIGN AND CHARACTERISTICS OF A LARGE BOUNDARY- LAYER WIND TUNNEL WITH TWO TEST SECTIONS Kai Chen 1, Xin-Yang
More informationA Study on the Distribution of the Peak Wind Pressure Coefficient for the Wind Resistant Design of Rooftop Hoardings in High-rise Buildings
International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology. ISSN 0974-3154 Volume 11, Number 10 (2018), pp. 1583-1594 International Research Publication House http://www.irphouse.com A Study on the Distribution
More informationWind Tunnel Study on the Structural Stability of a Container Crane According to the Boom Shape
Proceedings of the 4th WSEAS International Conference on Fluid Mechanics, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia, January 17-19, 2007 64 Wind Tunnel Study on the Structural Stability of a Container Crane According
More informationInvestigation on Atmospheric Boundary Layers: Field Monitoring and Wind Tunnel Simulation
Investigation on Atmospheric Boundary Layers: Field Monitoring and Wind Tunnel Simulation Chii-Ming Cheng 1, 2, Ming-Shu Tsai 2, Yuan-Lung Lo 1, 2, Chun-Han Wang 2 1 Department of Civil Engineering, Tamkang
More informationIntroduction with New Methods for Train Operation Control in Strong Winds at East Japan Railway Company
1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 2 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 3 31 Introduction with New Methods for Train Operation Control in Strong Winds at East Japan Railway Company 31 July 214 7,428
More informationA Study on Roll Damping of Bilge Keels for New Non-Ballast Ship with Rounder Cross Section
International Ship Stability Workshop 2013 1 A Study on Roll Damping of Bilge Keels for New Non-Ballast Ship with Rounder Cross Section Tatsuya Miyake and Yoshiho Ikeda Department of Marine System Engineering,
More informationCritical Gust Pressures on Tall Building Frames-Review of Codal Provisions
Dr. B.Dean Kumar Dept. of Civil Engineering JNTUH College of Engineering Hyderabad, INDIA bdeankumar@gmail.com Dr. B.L.P Swami Dept. of Civil Engineering Vasavi College of Engineering Hyderabad, INDIA
More informationCOMPARISON BETWEEN THE WIND TUNNEL EXPERIMANT AND CFD ANALYSIS INTENDED FOR APARTMENT HOUSE STUDY OF STUNDARD K-E MODEL AND DURBIN MODEL
Proceedings of B25: 4th Conference of International Building Performance imulation Association, Hyderabad, India, Dec. 7-9, 25. COMPARION BETWEEN THE WIND TUNNEL EXPERIMANT AND CFD ANALYI INTENDED FOR
More informationNUMERICAL SIMULATION OF STATIC INTERFERENCE EFFECTS FOR SINGLE BUILDINGS GROUP
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF STATIC INTERFERENCE EFFECTS FOR SINGLE BUILDINGS GROUP Xing-qian Peng, Chun-hui Zhang 2 and Chang-gui Qiao 2 Professor, College of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou,
More informationA Study of the Normal Turbulence Model in IEC
WIND ENGINEERING VOLUME 36, NO. 6, 212 PP 759-766 759 A Study of the Normal Turbulence Model in 614-1 Takeshi Ishihara *,1, Atsushi Yamaguchi *,2 and Muhammad Waheed Sarwar *,3 *1 Professor, Department
More informationPressure distribution of rotating small wind turbine blades with winglet using wind tunnel
Journal of Scientific SARAVANAN & Industrial et al: Research PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION OF SMALL WIND TURBINE BLADES WITH WINGLET Vol. 71, June 01, pp. 45-49 45 Pressure distribution of rotating small wind
More informationFolding Reticulated Shell Structure Wind Pressure Coefficient Prediction Research based on RBF Neural Network
International Conference on Information Sciences, Machinery, Materials and Energy (ICISMME 2015) Folding Reticulated Shell Structure Wind Pressure Coefficient Prediction Research based on RBF Neural Network
More informationFull scale measurements and simulations of the wind speed in the close proximity of the building skin
Full scale measurements and simulations of the wind speed in the close proximity of the building skin Radoslav Ponechal 1,* and Peter Juras 1 1 University of Zilina, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Department
More informationEVALUATION OF WIND HAZARD OVER JEJU ISLAND
The Seventh Asia-Pacific Conference on Wind Engineering, November 8-12, 2009, Taipei, Taiwan EVALUATION OF WIND HAZARD OVER JEJU ISLAND Young-Kyu Lee 1, Sungsu Lee 2 and Hak-Sun Kim 3 1 Ph.D Candidate,
More informationComparison of flow models
Comparison of flow models Rémi Gandoin (remga@dongenergy.dk) March 21st, 2011 Agenda 1. Presentation of DONG Energy 2. Today's presentation 1. Introduction 2. Purpose 3. Methods 4. Results 3. Discussion
More informationMeasurement and simulation of the flow field around a triangular lattice meteorological mast
Measurement and simulation of the flow field around a triangular lattice meteorological mast Matthew Stickland 1, Thomas Scanlon 1, Sylvie Fabre 1, Andrew Oldroyd 2 and Detlef Kindler 3 1. Department of
More informationInfluence of rounding corners on unsteady flow and heat transfer around a square cylinder
Influence of rounding corners on unsteady flow and heat transfer around a square cylinder S. K. Singh Deptt. of Mech. Engg., M. B. M. Engg. College / J. N. V. University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India Abstract
More informationNumerical Fluid Analysis of a Variable Geometry Compressor for Use in a Turbocharger
Special Issue Turbocharging Technologies 15 Research Report Numerical Fluid Analysis of a Variable Geometry Compressor for Use in a Turbocharger Yuji Iwakiri, Hiroshi Uchida Abstract A numerical fluid
More informationEFFECT OF CORNER CUTOFFS ON FLOW CHARACTERISTICS AROUND A SQUARE CYLINDER
EFFECT OF CORNER CUTOFFS ON FLOW CHARACTERISTICS AROUND A SQUARE CYLINDER Yoichi Yamagishi 1, Shigeo Kimura 1, Makoto Oki 2 and Chisa Hatayama 3 ABSTRACT It is known that for a square cylinder subjected
More informationStudy by numerical simulations on the breathing effect in a semi-underground highway with beams and a roof above it
Study by numerical simulations on the breathing effect in a semi-underground highway with beams and a roof above it M Hagiwara East Nippon Expressway Co., Ltd, Japan A Mizuno, T Tsutaki Kogakuin University,
More informationCitation Journal of Thermal Science, 18(4),
NAOSITE: Nagasaki University's Ac Title Author(s) Noise characteristics of centrifuga diffuser (Noise reduction by means leading tip) Murakami, Tengen; Ishida, Masahiro; Citation Journal of Thermal Science,
More informationNumerical Approach on the Mechanism of Precipitation-Topography Relationship in Mountainous Complex Terrain
Numerical Approach on the Mechanism of Precipitation-Topography Relationship in Mountainous Complex Terrain Yoshiharu, S. 1, S. Miyata 2, E. Nakakita 3 and M. Hasebe 4 1 Faculty of Engineering, Utsunomiya
More informationSPECTRAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FLUCTUATING WIND LOADS ON A SEPARATE TWIN-BOX DECK WITH CENTRAL SLOT
The Seventh Asia-Pacific Conference on Wind Engineering, November 8-, 009, Taipei, Taiwan SPECTRAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FLUCTUATING WIND LOADS ON A SEPARATE TWIN-BOX DEC WITH CENTRAL SLOT Le-Dong Zhu, Shui-Bing
More informationEvaluation of four numerical wind flow models
EWEA Resource Assessment Workshop 2013 Evaluation of four numerical wind flow models Michael C. Brower, PhD Chief Technical Officer Jose Vidal, MSc Consulting Services Europe & Latin America Manager Philippe
More information3. Observed initial growth of short waves from radar measurements in tanks (Larson and Wright, 1975). The dependence of the exponential amplification
Geophysica (1997), 33(2), 9-14 Laboratory Measurements of Stress Modulation by Wave Groups M.G. Skafel and M.A. Donelan* National Water Research Institute Canada Centre for Inland Waters Burlington, Ontario,
More informationAugust 1990 H. Kondo 435. A Numerical Experiment on the Interaction between Sea Breeze and
August 1990 H. Kondo 435 A Numerical Experiment on the Interaction between Sea Breeze and Valley Wind to Generate the so-called "Extended Sea Breeze" By Hiroaki Kondo National Research Institute for Pollution
More informationEnvironmental Science: An Indian Journal
Environmental Science: An Indian Journal Research Vol 14 Iss 1 Flow Pattern and Liquid Holdup Prediction in Multiphase Flow by Machine Learning Approach Chandrasekaran S *, Kumar S Petroleum Engineering
More informationProcedia Engineering 00 2 (2010) (2009) Properties of friction during the impact between tennis racket surface and ball
Procedia Engineering 00 2 (2010) (2009) 000 000 2973 2978 Procedia Engineering www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia 8 th Conference of the International Sports Engineering Association (ISEA) Properties of
More informationAerodynamic Measures for the Vortex-induced Vibration of π-shape Composite Girder in Cable-stayed Bridge
Aerodynamic Measures for the Vortex-induced Vibration of π-shape Composite Girder in Cable-stayed Bridge *Feng Wang 1), Jialing Song 2), Tuo Wu 3), and Muxiong Wei 4) 1), 2, 3), 4) Highway School, Chang
More informationWIND FORCES ACTING ON INFLATABLE AMUSEMENT PRODUCTS AND CRITICAL WIND SPEEDS CAUSING ACCIDENTS
The Seventh Asia-Pacific Conference on Wind Engineering, November 8-12, 29, Taipei, Taiwan WIND FORCES ACTING ON INFLATABLE AMUSEMENT PRODUCTS AND CRITICAL WIND SPEEDS CAUSING ACCIDENTS Akihito Yoshida
More informationOutline. Wind Turbine Siting. Roughness. Wind Farm Design 4/7/2015
Wind Turbine Siting Andrew Kusiak 2139 Seamans Center Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1527 andrew-kusiak@uiowa.edu Tel: 319-335-5934 Fax: 319-335-5669 http://www.icaen.uiowa.edu/~ankusiak Terrain roughness Escarpments
More informationLABORATORY EXPERIMENTS ON WAVE OVERTOPPING OVER SMOOTH AND STEPPED GENTLE SLOPE SEAWALLS
Asian and Pacific Coasts 23 LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS ON WAVE OVERTOPPING OVER SMOOTH AND STEPPED GENTLE SLOPE SEAWALLS Takayuki Suzuki 1, Masashi Tanaka 2 and Akio Okayasu 3 Wave overtopping on gentle slope
More informationPressure coefficient on flat roofs of rectangular buildings
Pressure coefficient on flat roofs of rectangular buildings T. Lipecki 1 1 Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Lublin University of Technology, Poland. t.lipecki@pollub.pl Abstract The paper
More informationWind Tunnel Study on Spanwise Correlation of Aerodynamic Forces on a 5:1 Rectangular Cylinder
The Eighth Asia-Pacific Conference on Wind Engineering, December 10 1, 2013, Chennai, India Wind Tunnel Study on Spanwise Correlation of Aerodynamic Forces on a 5:1 Rectangular Cylinder Xiaobing Liu 1,
More informationEffects of directionality on wind load and response predictions
Effects of directionality on wind load and response predictions Seifu A. Bekele 1), John D. Holmes 2) 1) Global Wind Technology Services, 205B, 434 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia, seifu@gwts.com.au
More informationEFFECTS OF WAVE, TIDAL CURRENT AND OCEAN CURRENT COEXISTENCE ON THE WAVE AND CURRENT PREDICTIONS IN THE TSUGARU STRAIT
EFFECTS OF WAVE, TIDAL CURRENT AND OCEAN CURRENT COEXISTENCE ON THE WAVE AND CURRENT PREDICTIONS IN THE TSUGARU STRAIT Ayumi Saruwatari 1, Yoshihiro Yoneko 2 and Yu Tajima 3 The Tsugaru Strait between
More informationInvestigation of the Causes of Wind Turbine Blade Damage at Shiratakiyama Wind Farm in Japan A Computer Simulation Based Approach
Reports of Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University No.141 (13 25) September 2011 13 Investigation of the Causes of Wind Turbine Blade Damage at Shiratakiyama Wind Farm in Japan A Computer
More informationTransactions on Ecology and the Environment vol 12, 1996 WIT Press, ISSN
Open boundary condition for unsteady open-channel flow K. Mizumura Civil Engineering Department, Kanazawa Institute of Technology, 7-1 Ogigaoka, Nonoichimachi, Ishikawa Pref. 921, Japan Abstract Initial
More informationUrban Environmental Climate Maps for Urban Planning Considering Urban Heat Island Mitigation in Hiroshima
Academic Article Journal of Heat Island Institute International Vol. 9-2 (2014) Urban Environmental Climate Maps for Urban Planning Considering Urban Heat Island Mitigation in Hiroshima Kaoru Matsuo* 1
More informationE. Agu, M. Kasperski Ruhr-University Bochum Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Sciences
EACWE 5 Florence, Italy 19 th 23 rd July 29 Flying Sphere image Museo Ideale L. Da Vinci Chasing gust fronts - wind measurements at the airport Munich, Germany E. Agu, M. Kasperski Ruhr-University Bochum
More informationValidatingWindProfileEquationsduringTropicalStormDebbyin2012
Global Journal of Researches in Engineering: e Civil And Structural Engineering Volume 4 Issue Version. Year 24 Type: Double Blind Peer Reviewed International Research Journal Publisher: Global Journals
More informationNumerical and Experimental Investigations of Lift and Drag Performances of NACA 0015 Wind Turbine Airfoil
International Journal of Materials, Mechanics and Manufacturing, Vol. 3, No., February 2 Numerical and Experimental Investigations of Lift and Drag Performances of NACA Wind Turbine Airfoil İzzet Şahin
More informationField Measurement for Aerodynamic Mitigation of Wind Pressure on Gable-roofed Low-rise Building
The Eighth Asia-Pacific Conference on Wind Engineering, December 10 14, 2013, Chennai, India Field Measurement for Aerodynamic Mitigation of Wind Pressure on Gable-roofed Low-rise Building Peng Huang 1,
More informationESTIMATION OF THE DESIGN WIND SPEED BASED ON
The Seventh Asia-Pacific Conference on Wind Engineering, November 8-12, 2009, Taipei, Taiwan ESTIMATION OF THE DESIGN WIND SPEED BASED ON UNCERTAIN PARAMETERS OF THE WIND CLIMATE Michael Kasperski 1 1
More informationROSE-HULMAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Department of Mechanical Engineering. Mini-project 3 Tennis ball launcher
Mini-project 3 Tennis ball launcher Mini-Project 3 requires you to use MATLAB to model the trajectory of a tennis ball being shot from a tennis ball launcher to a player. The tennis ball trajectory model
More informationWave Energy Atlas in Vietnam
Wave Energy Atlas in Vietnam Nguyen Manh Hung, Duong Cong Dien 1 1 Institute of Mechanics, 264 Doi Can Str. Hanoi, Vietnam nmhungim@gmail.com; duongdienim@gmail.com Abstract Vietnam has achieved remarkable
More informationPRESSURE FLUCTUATIONS ACTING ON A TAPERED TALL BUILDING
The Seventh Asia-Pacific Conference on Wind Engineering, November 8-12, 29, Taipei, Taiwan PRESSURE FLUCTUATIONS ACTING ON A TAPERED TALL BUILDING Young-Moon Kim 1, Ki-Pyo You 1, Jang-Youl You 2 and Chang-Hyun
More informationASSESMENT of ESTIMATION MODELS for SCOUR AROUND PIPELINES under IRREGULAR WAVES
ASSESMENT of ESTIMATION MODELS for SCOUR AROUND PIPELINES under IRREGULAR WAVES Burak Kiziloz 1 Esin Cevik 2 Yalcin Yuksel 3 and Burak Aydogan 4 This study focuses on scour around submarine pipelines exposed
More informationExperimental Investigation Of Flow Past A Rough Surfaced Cylinder
(AET- 29th March 214) RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS Experimental Investigation Of Flow Past A Rough Surfaced Cylinder Monalisa Mallick 1, A. Kumar 2 1 (Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute
More informationEffect of Diameter on the Aerodynamics of Sepaktakraw Balls, A Computational Study
ISSN 1750-9823 (print) International Journal of Sports Science and Engineering Vol. 03 (2009) No. 01, pp. 017-021 Effect of Diameter on the Aerodynamics of Sepaktakraw Balls, A Computational Study Zahari
More informationWind Flow Validation Summary
IBHS Research Center Validation of Wind Capabilities The Insurance Institute for Business & Home Safety (IBHS) Research Center full-scale test facility provides opportunities to simulate natural wind conditions
More informationWind tunnel tests of a non-typical stadium roof
Wind tunnel tests of a non-typical stadium roof G. Bosak 1, A. Flaga 1, R. Kłaput 1 and Ł. Flaga 1 1 Wind Engineering Laboratory, Cracow University of Technology, 31-864 Cracow, Poland. liwpk@windlab.pl
More informationChapter 2 Wind: Origin and Local Effects
Chapter 2 Wind: Origin and Local Effects All renewable energy (except tidal and geothermal power), and even the energy in fossil fuels, ultimately comes from the sun. About 1 2 % of the energy coming from
More information6.28 PREDICTION OF FOG EPISODES AT THE AIRPORT OF MADRID- BARAJAS USING DIFFERENT MODELING APPROACHES
6.28 PREDICTION OF FOG EPISODES AT THE AIRPORT OF MADRID- BARAJAS USING DIFFERENT MODELING APPROACHES Cecilia Soriano 1, Darío Cano 2, Enric Terradellas 3 and Bill Physick 4 1 Universitat Politècnica de
More informationSCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE SEVENTH REGULAR SESSION August 2011 Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia
SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE SEVENTH REGULAR SESSION 9-17 August 2011 Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia CPUE of skipjack for the Japanese offshore pole and line using GPS and catch data WCPFC-SC7-2011/SA-WP-09
More informationYasuyuki Hirose 1. Abstract
Study on Tsunami force for PC box girder Yasuyuki Hirose 1 Abstract In this study, a waterway experiment was performed in order to understand the influence of tsunami forms on tsunami forces acting on
More informationFORECASTING OF ROLLING MOTION OF SMALL FISHING VESSELS UNDER FISHING OPERATION APPLYING A NON-DETERMINISTIC METHOD
8 th International Conference on 633 FORECASTING OF ROLLING MOTION OF SMALL FISHING VESSELS UNDER FISHING OPERATION APPLYING A NON-DETERMINISTIC METHOD Nobuo Kimura, Kiyoshi Amagai Graduate School of Fisheries
More informationRESEARCH ON MEASUREMENT AND SIMULATION OF THE WIND ENVIRON- MENT AROUND BUILDINGS IN CAMPUS
Eleventh International IBPSA Conference Glasgow, Scotland July 27-30, 2009 RESEARCH ON MEASUREMENT AND SIMULATION OF THE WIND ENVIRON- MENT AROUND BUILDINGS IN CAMPUS Bing Wang 1, Borong Lin 1,* 1Deparment
More informationThe Influence of Community Planning on Urban Thermal Environment
2012 International Conference on Environment Science and Engieering IPCBEE vol.3 2(2012) (2012)IACSIT Press, Singapoore The Influence of Community Planning on Urban Thermal Environment Chih-Hong Huang
More informationResearch on Small Wind Power System Based on H-type Vertical Wind Turbine Rong-Qiang GUAN a, Jing YU b
06 International Conference on Mechanics Design, Manufacturing and Automation (MDM 06) ISBN: 978--60595-354-0 Research on Small Wind Power System Based on H-type Vertical Wind Turbine Rong-Qiang GUAN a,
More informationEVALUATION OF ENVISAT ASAR WAVE MODE RETRIEVAL ALGORITHMS FOR SEA-STATE FORECASTING AND WAVE CLIMATE ASSESSMENT
EVALUATION OF ENVISAT ASAR WAVE MODE RETRIEVAL ALGORITHMS FOR SEA-STATE FORECASTING AND WAVE CLIMATE ASSESSMENT F.J. Melger ARGOSS, P.O. Box 61, 8335 ZH Vollenhove, the Netherlands, Email: info@argoss.nl
More informationWind tunnel acoustic testing of wind generated noise on building facade elements
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/307638896 Wind tunnel acoustic testing of wind generated noise on building facade elements
More informationThe Effect of a Meteorological Tower on its Top-Mounted Anemometer
The Effect of a Meteorological Tower on its Top-Mounted Anemometer Dimitri Perrin a,b Niall McMahon a,b, Martin Crane a,b Heather J. Ruskin a,b Lawrence Crane b Brian Hurley c a School of Computing, Dublin
More informationDischarge Coefficient in Oblique Side Weirs
Iran Agricultural Research ol. 5 No. and ol. 6 No. - Printed in the Islamic Republic of Iran 007 Shiraz University Discharge Coefficient in Oblique Side Weirs T. HONAR ** AND M. JAAN * Department of Water
More informationNumerical Investigation of Multi Airfoil Effect on Performance Increase of Wind Turbine
International Journal of Engineering & Applied Sciences (IJEAS) International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences (IJEAS) Vol.9, Issue 3 (2017) 75-86 Vol.x, Issue x(201x)x-xx http://dx.doi.org/10.24107/ijeas.332075
More informationWIND-INDUCED LOADS OVER DOUBLE CANTILEVER BRIDGES UNDER CONSTRUCTION
WIND-INDUCED LOADS OVER DOUBLE CANTILEVER BRIDGES UNDER CONSTRUCTION S. Pindado, J. Meseguer, J. M. Perales, A. Sanz-Andres and A. Martinez Key words: Wind loads, bridge construction, yawing moment. Abstract.
More informationEffect of channel slope on flow characteristics of undular hydraulic jumps
River Basin Management III 33 Effect of channel slope on flow characteristics of undular hydraulic jumps H. Gotoh, Y. Yasuda & I. Ohtsu Department of Civil Engineering, College of Science and Technology,
More informationP.O.Box 43 Blindern, 0313 Oslo, Norway Tel.: , Fax: Statkraft,Postboks 200 Lilleaker, 0216 Oslo, Norway ABSTRACT
A NEW TESTSITE FOR WIND CORRECTION OF PRECIPITATION MEASUREMENTS AT A MOUNTAIN PLATEAU IN SOUTHERN NORWAY Mareile Wolff 1, Ragnar Brækkan 1, Ketil Isaaksen 1, Erik Ruud 2 1 Norwegian Meteorological Institute,
More informationWindcube FCR measurements
Windcube FCR measurements Principles, performance and recommendations for use of the Flow Complexity Recognition (FCR) algorithm for the Windcube ground-based Lidar Summary: As with any remote sensor,
More informationWIND DATA ANALYSIS AND WIND FLOW SIMULATION OVER LARGE AREAS
Mathematical Modelling in Civil Engineering Vol. 10 No. 1 2014 Doi: 10.2478/mmce 2014 0005 WIND DATA ANALYSIS AND WIND FLOW SIMULATION OVER LARGE AREAS ANGEL TERZIEV- Lecturer, Assoc. Prof., PhD, Technical
More informationWind loads investigations of HAWT with wind tunnel tests and site measurements
loads investigations of HAWT with wind tunnel tests and site measurements Shigeto HIRAI, Senior Researcher, Nagasaki R&D Center, Technical Headquarters, MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDSUTRIES, LTD, Fukahori, Nagasaki,
More informationThe study on micro-location of wind-electric field in the complex terrain
Academia Journal of Scientific Research 3(3): 000-000, February 2019 DOI: 10.15413/ajsr.2019.2006 ISSN 2315-7712 2019 Academia Publishing Research Paper The study on micro-location of wind-electric field
More informationWIND CONDITIONS MODELING FOR SMALL WIND TURBINES
U.P.B. Sci. Bull., Series C, Vol. 77, Iss. 2, 2015 ISSN 2286-3540 WIND CONDITIONS MODELING FOR SMALL WIND TURBINES Viorel URSU 1, Sandor BARTHA 2 Wind energy systems are a solution which became cost effective
More informationTHE WAVE CLIMATE IN THE BELGIAN COASTAL ZONE
THE WAVE CLIMATE IN THE BELGIAN COASTAL ZONE Toon Verwaest, Flanders Hydraulics Research, toon.verwaest@mow.vlaanderen.be Sarah Doorme, IMDC, sarah.doorme@imdc.be Kristof Verelst, Flanders Hydraulics Research,
More informationESTIMATION OF THE EFFECT OF AUTONOMOUS EMERGENCY BRAKING SYSTEMS FOR PEDESTRIANS ON REDUCTION IN THE NUMBER OF PEDESTRIAN VICTIMS
ESTIMATION OF THE EFFECT OF AUTONOMOUS EMERGENCY BRAKING SYSTEMS FOR PEDESTRIANS ON REDUCTION IN THE NUMBER OF PEDESTRIAN VICTIMS Toshiyuki, Yanaoka Yukou, Takahashi Honda R&D Co.,Ltd. Automobile R&D Center
More informationAn Investigation of a Safety Level in Terms of. Excessive Acceleration in Rough Seas
Proceedings of the h International Conference on the Stability of Ships and Ocean Vehicles, 4-9 June 5, Glasgow, UK. An Investigation of a Safety Level in Terms of Excessive Acceleration in Rough Seas
More informationEXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON SNOW BEHAVIOR AROUND FENCES INSTALLED ALONG ELEVATED HIGHWAY
ISTP-16, 25, PRAGUE 16 TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON TRANSPORT PHENOMENA EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON SNOW BEHAVIOR AROUND FENCES INSTALLED ALONG ELEVATED HIGHWAY Akinori Nakata*, Haruo Soeda*, Junji Onishi*,
More informationNumerical Analysis of Wind loads on Tapered Shape Tall Buildings
IJSTE - International Journal of Science Technology & Engineering Volume 1 Issue 11 May 2015 ISSN (online): 2349-784X Numerical Analysis of Wind loads on Tapered Shape Tall Buildings Ashwin G Hansora Assistant
More informationVariation in Pressure in Liquid-Filled Plastic Film Bags Subjected to Drop Impact
Materials Transactions, Vol. 53, No. 2 (12) pp. 291 to 295 Special Issue on APCNDT 9 12 The Japanese Society for Non-Destructive Inspection Variation in Pressure in Liquid-Filled Plastic Film Bags Subjected
More informationaverage length of the bluff body surface reattachment will decrease with blockage ratio increasing. Cherry's test results showed that 5% of the blocka
The Seventh International Colloquium on Bluff Body Aerodynamics and Applications (BBAA7) Shanghai, China; September 2 6, 2012 Investigation on wind tunnel blockage effect of super high-rise building WANG
More informationKazuhiko TOSHIMITSU 1, Hironori KIKUGAWA 2, Kohei SATO 3 and Takuya SATO 4. Introduction. Experimental Apparatus
Proceedings of 4th Asian Joint Workshop on Thermophysics and Fluid Science Oct. 14~17, 2012, Busan, Korea Experimental Investigation of Performance of the Wind Turbine with the Flanged-diffuser Shroud
More informationOptimization of Blades of Horizontal Wind Turbines by Choosing an Appropriate Airfoil and Computer Simulation
International Journal of Current Engineering and Technology E-ISSN 2277 4106, P-ISSN 2347 5161 2017 INPRESSCO, All Rights Reserved Available at http://inpressco.com/category/ijcet Research Article Optimization
More informationAnalysis of Shear Lag in Steel Angle Connectors
University of New Hampshire University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository Honors Theses and Capstones Student Scholarship Spring 2013 Analysis of Shear Lag in Steel Angle Connectors Benjamin Sawyer
More informationJournal of Emerging Trends in Computing and Information Sciences
A Study on Methods to Calculate the Coefficient of Variance in Daily Traffic According to the Change in Hourly Traffic Volume Jung-Ah Ha Research Specialist, Korea Institute of Construction Technology,
More informationCombined impacts of configurational and compositional properties of street network on vehicular flow
Combined impacts of configurational and compositional properties of street network on vehicular flow Yu Zhuang Tongji University, Shanghai, China arch-urban@163.com Xiaoyu Song Tongji University, Shanghai,
More informationWind Resource Assessment Østerild National Test Centre for Large Wind Turbines
Downloaded from orbit.dtu.dk on: Jan 21, 2018 Wind Resource Assessment Østerild National Test Centre for Large Wind Turbines Hansen, Brian Ohrbeck; Courtney, Michael; Mortensen, Niels Gylling Publication
More informationTHEORETICAL EVALUATION OF FLOW THROUGH CENTRIFUGAL COMPRESSOR STAGE
THEORETICAL EVALUATION OF FLOW THROUGH CENTRIFUGAL COMPRESSOR STAGE S.Ramamurthy 1, R.Rajendran 1, R. S. Dileep Kumar 2 1 Scientist, Propulsion Division, National Aerospace Laboratories, Bangalore-560017,ramamurthy_srm@yahoo.com
More information