Trade winds Prevailing westerlies east

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1 Warm-up Page: 528, 1. What is the major wind belt that is nearest the equator? Trade winds Page: 528, 2. What is the major wind belt that the most of the USA belongs to: Prevailing westerlies Page: 528, 3.What direction do the winds from the polar regions come from? east

2 Warm-up Page: 527, 1. The Circulation of the atmosphere and the oceans is affected by the of the Earth on its axis. rotation Page: 527, 2. The tendency of moving objects to follow curved paths rather than straight line due to Earth rotation is called the Coriolis effect Page: 528, 3. Looping patterns of air flow as hot air rises, and cool air sinks is called an Convection cell or current

3 Warm-up quiz 1. The fraction of solar radiation reflected from an object is called the. 2. The transfer of energy as heat from one substance to another by direct contact is called. 3. What layer of the atmosphere do we live in? 4. What is the major wind belt that most of the USA belongs to: 5. The Circulation of the atmosphere and the oceans is affected by the of the Earth on its axis.

4 Objective: S.W.B.A.T. Describe the global patterns of air circulation, and name three global wind belts. Identify two factors that form local wind patterns. Explain the Coriolis effect. Create a model and booklet on global wind patterns Show how energy and matter flow in cycles in wind belts Use model booklet to answer question related to wind belts

5 Activities: Warm-up Creat wind belt book Complete questions Color code wind belts Communicate information/questions answered

6 Atmospheric Circulation Sec. 19-3

7 How Air Moves Differences in air pressure are caused by unequal heating of Earth s surface.(causing convection) Hot air is rising at the equator creating a low pressure area. Cold air is sinking at both poles causing high pressure areas.

8 Air moves from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure, causing a general, worldwide movement of surface air from the poles toward the equator. This, along with the Coriolis effect, creates wind patterns.

9 The Coriolis Effect Coriolis effect - the curving of the path of a moving object from an otherwise straight path due to Earth s rotation The Coriolis effect causes winds to be deflected by Earth s rotation. he_coriolis_effect? Wi nds BBC_Fou

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11 Each hemisphere contains three looping patterns of flow called convection cells. Global Winds

12 Global Winds Each convection cell correlates to an area of Earth s surface, called a wind belt, that is characterized by winds that flow in one direction. These winds are called prevailing winds. Winds are named from where the come from

13 1 st Global Wind Belt 1. Trade Winds the prevailing winds that blow from east to west from +/- 30º latitude to the equator in both hemispheres Trade Winds Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone Trade Winds

14 Doldrums area of rising air at the equator, where the surface winds are weak Sailing vessels sometimes would get trapped of days.

15 2 nd Global Wind Belt 2. Westerlies - prevailing winds that blow from west to east between 30º and 60º latitude in both hemispheres Polar Easterlies Westerlies Trade Winds Intertropical Convergence Zone Trade Winds Westerlies Polar Easterlies

16 Global Winds Jet Streams are a narrow band of strong winds that blow in the upper troposphere & lower stratosphere These wind exist in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. they direct paths of weather

17 3 rd Global wind belt 3. Polar easterlies caused by cool air descending (sinking) from the poles and is turned by the Coriolis effect. Winds move from east to west

18 Global Winds

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23 Cool down 1. The doldrums are located between what wind belts in north and south? Trade winds 2. What are the names of the bands of high winds in the upper troposphere that are created from the global wind pattern jet streams