Seasonal Currents in the Bay of Bengal and Andaman Sea Revealed by Reprocessed Observations

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Seasonal Currents in the Bay of Bengal and Andaman Sea Revealed by Reprocessed Observations"

Transcription

1 2012 International Conference on Environment Science and Engieering IPCBEE vol.3 2(2012) (2012)IACSIT Press, Singapoore Seasonal Currents in the Bay of Bengal and Andaman Sea Revealed by Reprocessed Observations Sakharin Suwannathatsa 1, 2, +, Prungchan Wongwises 1, 2 and Worachat Wannawong 2, 3 1 The Joint Graduate of Energy and Environment, King Mongkut s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, Thailand. 2 Center of Excellence on Energy Technology and Environment, S&T Postgraduate Education and Development Office, Office of the Higher Education Commission, Ministry of Education, Thailand 3 Earth System Sciences Cluster, the Joint Graduate School of Energy and Environment, King Mongkut s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, Thailand Abstract. The currents in the Bay of Bengal (BOB) and Andaman Sea have been observed by many studies. The cycle of seasonal currents is well understood that the monsoonal winds are the main contributor. However recent observations from satellites reveal a character inside the main seasonal current. The approach of this study is to reprocess the data from satellite altimetry and create the oceanic model that is verified by the field measurement of Acoustic Doppler Currents Profilers. This gives the clearer picture of currents induced by the local wind along the coast and Rossby waves that both triggered by Ekman transport and radiated by Equatorial Kelvin waves that contribute to the intra-seasonal currents. The simulation also shows that coastal currents flow in the opposite direction to the offshore currents. The study reaches the conclusion that the local wind and meso-scale eddies caused by Ekman transport, Kelvin and Rossby waves play an important role in inducing the intra seasonal currents in the Bay of Bengal and Andaman Sea. The simulation can be used to implicitly explain the character of this intra-seasonal cycle. Keywords: the Andaman Sea, Bay of Bengal, Seasonal Coastal Current, Reprocessed Satellite Data, Oceanic model 1. Introduction The domain of study is the Bay of Bengal and Andaman Sea [Fig.1]. In which the later has been the famous tourist attraction for 30 years. The high currents during monsoonal seasons stop the tourism during a year. To understand these currents is the way to open the windows for tourism and the fishery. The Andaman Sea has been understood that mainly driven by the monsoonal winds but the detail circulation not. Recent reprocessed data from satellites and the created oceanic models in this study draw the new pictures of these intra-seasonal currents. 2. Materials and Methods The past observations from hydrographic ships and satellite-tracked drifter buoys for the last 20 years are retrieved and analyzed to draw the picture of seasonal currents in the domain. Reprocessing these data by the computer of today technology that gives the faster computation and can manage enormous data points can create the oceanic model showing the currents in details. This implicitly describes the intra-seasonal current inside the seasonal current pattern which is different from the past study. In order to qualitatively explain these intra-seasonal currents, the oceanic model is built based on the reprocessed data of bathymetry, water temperature and salinity data. The model is driven by the winds during non-storm weather. + Corresponding author. Tel.: ; fax: address: sakharins@hotmail.com. 40

2 2.1. Past Observations In the past, scientists observed the currents by hydrographical ships and satellite-tracked drifter buoys (ADCP) and noticed the dramatically reversal winds and currents in this region induced by seasonal monsoons. The North-East monsoon is in December through April and South-West monsoon is in July through October. The transitional seasons are between these monsoonal seasons. However the time line varies geographically between years (Laviolette, 1967). Fig. 1: Map of the Bay of Bengal and Andaman Sea (colours represent depth in meter unit) Reprocessed Observation Data ADCP ships, hydrographical observations and the satellite altimeter are reprocessed by the current technology computer and carefully reviewed. Reprocessing the altimetry data gives the higher resolution of bathymetry data on coastal area and the better understanding in coastal currents than the past (Durand et al., 2009). They are used to create the oceanic model (Wannawong et al., 2010) Model Configuration The model has set to cover the Bay of Bengal and Andaman Sea (78 º E º E and 0 º - 26 º N). The size of model is 96 by 104 cells on horizon (resolution 1/4 º x 1/4º or about 28 km) and 16 layers on vertical plane. This study expresses a top layer from the surface to 5 meters depth which is the layer that represents the coastal currents near beaches and islands. The input data such as the bathymetry is obtained from the Global Relief Model from NOAA released March 2009, ETOPO1, (Amante and Eakins, 2008). The water temperature and salinity data are extracted from World Ocean Atlas 2005, WOA5, (Locarnini et al., 2005). The wind data is retrieved from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, ECMWF, (Viberto and Betts, 1999). The simulation is created and run on January, May and September which are representing the monsoonal seasons and transitional windows in the domain. Fig. 2: The 3-D visualization of a cut sector for QC 41

3 2.4. Input Data for Model Bathymetry data is obtained from the Global Relief Model from NOAA released March 2009 (ETOPO1) is a 1 arc-minute global model of Earth's surface integrating land topography and ocean bathymetry. It is reprocessed and interpolated for the resolution of 1/4º lat and long or about 28 km [Fig.1, 2]. This creates a rectangular gridded model with 96 x 104 cells on horizon and 16 vertical layers. Temperature and Salinity data is retrieved from World Ocean Atlas 2005 (WOA2005) that consists of an annual, seasonal, and monthly climatological distribution fields of temperature and salinity on a onedegree latitude-longitude grid. It is reprocessed and interpolated into the gridded model. In the domain, the temperature and salinity are between C and 1,018-1,024 psu. Wind data [Fig. 3] is retrieved from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) that create the atmospheric model in the global scale giving the data of wind (speed and direction), temperature, humidity and the pressure at the surface and the resolution is about 1 degree lat/long. It is reprocessed and interpolated into the same resolution of the bathymetry data. Fig. 3: North-East monsoonal wind in January, Monsoon-transitional wind in May and South-West monsoonal wind in September. 3. Results and Discussions The past observation [Fig.4]; at the North-East monsoon end, the surface water of Andaman Sea seems to be warmer, more saline and reaches the peak in May, in contrast, the end of South-West monsoon when the mixture of highly stratified and mix layers, cool and warm surface, clear and perturbation are observed. The river run-off gives the greatest drop of salinity in November and December and flows toward to the Bay of Bengal (Laviolette, 1967). In the transitional period from winter to summer in March to May, EICC is strongest while the regional wind is weakest during a year; equatorial Kelvin waves move northward and propagate into BOB at the North of Sumatra together with the divergence of Ekman transport. This cause Rossby waves contribute to the interior Bay of Bengal in driving the strong North-Eastward current of seasonal subtropical gyre (Shenoi et al., 2010). South-West monsoon from June to September, the EICC is much weaker and turbulent, the local alongshore winds contribute many turbulent currents on the west of BOB and they trend to move southward. These also draw the fresh water run-off from river at the top of Bay to the coast of India. In North-East monsoon from October to January, Ekman pumping and the local alongshore winds force the southward EICC (Hacker et al., 1998). Fig. 4: The currents in the Bay of Bengal from the past observation on January, May and September. 42

4 The oceanic model by reprocessed data and ADCP measurement [Fig. 5, 6, 7]; they are in agreement for both directions and the speed magnitude. January currents have the magnitude of m/s on the top and bottom of domain. They spin North-Eastward and South-Eastward on the top in opposite of the bottom where they flow South-Eastward. In August the current velocity of 0.7 m/s has been observed at the top and mid of domain. The current speed of 0.6 m/s happens at the top of domain in October. On the East of domain, the Andaman Sea covers Myanmar, Thailand and Malaysia coast; the 0.3 m/s North-Eastward current has been seen near Myanmar coast while the 0.4 m/s South-Westward current is at the North of Malaysia coast in January. In August, the 0.3 m/s North-Eastward current is observed near Myanmar shore whereas about 0.3 m/s South-Westward current is on Thailand and Malaysia border. In October, the 0.4 m/s South-East and North-Westward currents spin on Myanmar coast and 0.3 m/s North-Westward and North-Eastward spin near Phuket Island and Phung-nga province in Thailand. However the m/s South-Eastward current through Malacca strait is observed throughout a year. The shallow currents flow North-Eastward by equatorial Kelvin waves, Ekman pumping and Rossby waves from March to May. Local alongshore winds respond in many turbulent coastal currents with a tendency to move southward and draw at the fresh from the top of BOB southward from June to September. Both Ekman pumping and local alongshore winds drive the currents southward from October to January. Fig. 5: The currents in the Bay of Bengal by oceanic model on January, May and September. Fig. 6: ADCP ship data from R/V Knor 24 th Jan - 5 th Mar 1995 at meter depth Fig. 7: ADCP ship data from R/V Knor 30 th Sep - 13 th Oct 1995 at meter depth 43

5 4. Conclusions The reprocessed data and created oceanic model suggest the local along-shored winds and Ekman pumping are as important as the seasonal winds dominating the intra-seasonal currents. The result of simulation shows these intra-cycle seasonal currents influenced by local coastal winds, Rossby waves (both triggered by Ekman currents and radiated by equatorial Kelvin wave). They are similar with the ADCP measurements in term of direction and the magnitude of speed. In this region, the coastal currents flow in the opposite direction with offshore currents. The study reaches the conclusion that the oceanic model can implicitly explain these currents. However the field measurements and the small-scaled simulation based on local winds are needed for further investigations to capture the local coastal currents in detail. They give the resolution of the picture of these currents better than the large-scale wind-driven oceanic model. 5. Acknowledgements The team gratefully acknowledges Science and Technology Postgraduate Education and Research Development Office (PERDO) of the Commission on Higher Education (CHE), Thailand for the financial support. The ADCP data in this study is obtained from the research vessel Knorr (R/V Knorr) which is owned by the U.S. Navy and operated by WHOI for the ocean research community. The appreciation is also given to Postdoctoral Researchers at Earth System Sciences research cluster (ESS) for the info and guidelines and Chortip Siwapornanan, a lecturer at Rajamangala University of Technology Rattanakosin, in formatting the data for visualization. 6. References [1] P. E. Laviolette. Temperature, Salinity, and Density of the World s seas: Bay of Bengal and Andaman Sea. Naval Oceanographic Office, [2] F. Durand, D. Shankar, F. Birol, S.S.C Shenoi. Spatiotemporal structure of the East India Coastal Current from Satellite Altimetry, Journal of Geophysics. Res., 2009, 114. [3] C. Amante, B.W. Eakins. 1 Arc Minute Global Relief Model: Procedures, Data Sources and Analysis (ETOPO1), NOAA, 2008, National Geophysical Data Center, Colorado, U.S.A., 21. [4] R.A. Locarnini, A.V. Mishonov, J. I. Antonov, T.P. Boye, H.E. Garcia. World Ocean Atlas 2005 (WOA2005), Volume 1: Temperature. S. Levitus, Ed, NOAA Atlas NESDIS 61, 2005, U.S. Gov. Printing Office, Washington, D.C., pp 182. [5] P. Viterbo, A.K. Betts. Impact of the ECMWF Reanalysis Soil Water on Forecasts of the July 1993 Mississippi flood, Journal of Geophysical Research, 1999, 104, pp [6] S.S.C Shenoi. Intra-seasonal variability of the coastal currents around India: A river of the evidences from new observations. Indian Journal of Geo-Marine sciences, 2010, 39(4), pp [7] W. Wannawong, U. W. Humphries, P. Wongwises, S. Vongvisessomjai, W. Lueangaram. Numerical Analysis of Wave and Hydrodynamic Models for Energy Balance and Primitive Equations. International Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, 2010, 4, pp [8] P. Hacker, E. Firing, J. Hummon, A. L. Gordon, J. C. Kindle. Bay of Bengal currents during the Northeast Monsoon. Geophysical Research Letters, 1998, 25(15), pp

3 The monsoon currents in an OGCM

3 The monsoon currents in an OGCM 3 The monsoon currents in an OGCM The observations show that both Ekman drift and geostrophy contribute to the surface circulation in the north Indian Ocean. The former decays rapidly with depth, but the

More information

Application of Simulating WAves Nearshore (SWAN) model for wave simulation in Gulf of Thailand

Application of Simulating WAves Nearshore (SWAN) model for wave simulation in Gulf of Thailand pplication of Simulating Wves Nearshore (SWN) model for wave simulation in Gulf of Thailand Wongnarin Kompor 1, Hitoshi Tanaka 2 Chaiwat Ekkawatpanit 3, and Duangrudee Kositgittiwong 4 bstract Evaluation

More information

Long period waves in the coastal regions of north Indian Ocean

Long period waves in the coastal regions of north Indian Ocean Indian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol. 33(2), June 2004, pp 150-154 Long period waves in the coastal regions of north Indian Ocean *P V Hareesh Kumar & K V Sanilkumar Naval Physical & Oceanographic Laboratory,

More information

MODELING INDIAN OCEAN CIRCULATION: BAY OF BENGAL FRESH PLUME AND ARABIAN SEA MINI WARM POOL

MODELING INDIAN OCEAN CIRCULATION: BAY OF BENGAL FRESH PLUME AND ARABIAN SEA MINI WARM POOL MODELING INDIAN OCEAN CIRCULATION: BAY OF BENGAL FRESH PLUME AND ARABIAN SEA MINI WARM POOL P. N. Vinayachandran* 1 1, *2 and J. Kurian* * 1 Centre for Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Indian Institute

More information

Variability in the tropical oceans - Monitoring and prediction of El Niño and La Niña -

Variability in the tropical oceans - Monitoring and prediction of El Niño and La Niña - Variability in the tropical oceans - Monitoring and prediction of El Niño and La Niña - Jun ichi HIROSAWA Climate Prediction Division Japan Meteorological Agency SST anomaly in Nov. 1997 1 ( ) Outline

More information

RECTIFICATION OF THE MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION INTO THE ENSO CYCLE

RECTIFICATION OF THE MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION INTO THE ENSO CYCLE RECTIFICATION OF THE MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION INTO THE ENSO CYCLE By William S. Kessler and Richard Kleeman Journal of Climate Vol.13, 1999 SWAP, May 2009, Split, Croatia Maristella Berta What does give

More information

Lecture 13 El Niño/La Niña Ocean-Atmosphere Interaction. Idealized 3-Cell Model of Wind Patterns on a Rotating Earth. Previous Lecture!

Lecture 13 El Niño/La Niña Ocean-Atmosphere Interaction. Idealized 3-Cell Model of Wind Patterns on a Rotating Earth. Previous Lecture! Lecture 13 El Niño/La Niña Ocean-Atmosphere Interaction Previous Lecture! Global Winds General Circulation of winds at the surface and aloft Polar Jet Stream Subtropical Jet Stream Monsoons 1 2 Radiation

More information

2) I think that the paper does not convincingly demonstrate some of the mechanisms it hypothetizes

2) I think that the paper does not convincingly demonstrate some of the mechanisms it hypothetizes Please see the list of changes below (red text) in response to the reviewer comments. Both reviewers have made substantial comments and suggestions to improve the paper which we have addressed these below.

More information

2 Observations. 2.1 Ekman drift

2 Observations. 2.1 Ekman drift 2 Observations To define the monsoon currents and the associated circulation in the north Indian Ocean, we use climatological wind-stress data to estimate the surface Ekman drift, and hydrography and altimeter

More information

(20 points) 1. ENSO is a coupled climate phenomenon in the tropical Pacific that has both regional and global impacts.

(20 points) 1. ENSO is a coupled climate phenomenon in the tropical Pacific that has both regional and global impacts. SIO 210 Problem Set 4 Answer key December 1, 2014 Due Dec. 12, 2014 (20 points) 1. ENSO is a coupled climate phenomenon in the tropical Pacific that has both regional and global impacts. (2 points) a)

More information

The Setting - Climatology of the Hawaiian Archipelago. Link to Video of Maui Waves

The Setting - Climatology of the Hawaiian Archipelago. Link to Video of Maui Waves The Setting - Climatology of the Hawaiian Archipelago Link to Video of Maui Waves What caused this week s weather? What caused this weekend s weather? Today s Objective: Provide overview and description

More information

Wind Driven Circulation Indian Ocean and Southern Ocean

Wind Driven Circulation Indian Ocean and Southern Ocean Wind Driven Circulation Indian Ocean and Southern Ocean Lecture 18 MAR 350 Spring 2017 Reading: Knauss Chapter 7 ECCO2 model animation ecco2_sst_flow (2).mp4 Mean surface height and currents DPO Fig. 11.1

More information

Training program on Modelling: A Case study Hydro-dynamic Model of Zanzibar channel

Training program on Modelling: A Case study Hydro-dynamic Model of Zanzibar channel Training program on Modelling: A Case study Hydro-dynamic Model of Zanzibar channel Mayorga-Adame,C.G., Sanga,I.P.L., Majuto, C., Makame, M.A., Garu,M. INTRODUCTION Hydrodynamic Modeling In understanding

More information

Data Analysis of the Seasonal Variation of the Java Upwelling System and Its Representation in CMIP5 Models

Data Analysis of the Seasonal Variation of the Java Upwelling System and Its Representation in CMIP5 Models Data Analysis of the Seasonal Variation of the Java Upwelling System and Its Representation in CMIP5 Models Iulia-Mădălina Ștreangă University of Edinburgh University of Tokyo Research Internship Program

More information

Wave Energy Atlas in Vietnam

Wave Energy Atlas in Vietnam Wave Energy Atlas in Vietnam Nguyen Manh Hung, Duong Cong Dien 1 1 Institute of Mechanics, 264 Doi Can Str. Hanoi, Vietnam nmhungim@gmail.com; duongdienim@gmail.com Abstract Vietnam has achieved remarkable

More information

Geostrophic and Tidal Currents in the South China Sea, Area III: West Philippines

Geostrophic and Tidal Currents in the South China Sea, Area III: West Philippines Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center Geostrophic and Tidal Currents in the South China Sea, Area III: West Philippines Anond Snidvongs Department od Marine Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok

More information

Examples of Carter Corrected DBDB-V Applied to Acoustic Propagation Modeling

Examples of Carter Corrected DBDB-V Applied to Acoustic Propagation Modeling Naval Research Laboratory Stennis Space Center, MS 39529-5004 NRL/MR/7182--08-9100 Examples of Carter Corrected DBDB-V Applied to Acoustic Propagation Modeling J. Paquin Fabre Acoustic Simulation, Measurements,

More information

CHAPTER 7 Ocean Circulation

CHAPTER 7 Ocean Circulation 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 CHAPTER 7 Ocean Circulation Words Ocean currents Moving seawater Surface ocean currents Transfer heat from warmer to cooler areas Similar to pattern of major wind belts

More information

EFFECTS OF WAVE, TIDAL CURRENT AND OCEAN CURRENT COEXISTENCE ON THE WAVE AND CURRENT PREDICTIONS IN THE TSUGARU STRAIT

EFFECTS OF WAVE, TIDAL CURRENT AND OCEAN CURRENT COEXISTENCE ON THE WAVE AND CURRENT PREDICTIONS IN THE TSUGARU STRAIT EFFECTS OF WAVE, TIDAL CURRENT AND OCEAN CURRENT COEXISTENCE ON THE WAVE AND CURRENT PREDICTIONS IN THE TSUGARU STRAIT Ayumi Saruwatari 1, Yoshihiro Yoneko 2 and Yu Tajima 3 The Tsugaru Strait between

More information

Currents measurements in the coast of Montevideo, Uruguay

Currents measurements in the coast of Montevideo, Uruguay Currents measurements in the coast of Montevideo, Uruguay M. Fossati, D. Bellón, E. Lorenzo & I. Piedra-Cueva Fluid Mechanics and Environmental Engineering Institute (IMFIA), School of Engineering, Research

More information

Atmospheric Circulation. Recall Vertical Circulation

Atmospheric Circulation. Recall Vertical Circulation Today s topics: Atmospheric circulation: generation of wind patterns on a rotating Earth Seasonal patterns of climate: Monsoons and Sea Breezes Tropical Cyclones: Hurricanes and typhoons Atmospheric Circulation

More information

NUMERICAL MODELING ANALYSIS FOR TSUNAMI HAZARD ASSESMENT IN WEST COAST OF SOUTHERN THAILAND

NUMERICAL MODELING ANALYSIS FOR TSUNAMI HAZARD ASSESMENT IN WEST COAST OF SOUTHERN THAILAND NUMERICAL MODELING ANALYSIS FOR TSUNAMI HAZARD ASSESMENT IN WEST COAST OF SOUTHERN THAILAND Sorot Sawatdiraksa MEE7174 Supervisor: Fumihiko IMAMURA ABSTRACT This study is intended to know the tsunami effect

More information

Week 6-7: Wind-driven ocean circulation. Tally s book, chapter 7

Week 6-7: Wind-driven ocean circulation. Tally s book, chapter 7 Week 6-7: Wind-driven ocean circulation Tally s book, chapter 7 Recap so far Our goal (since week 3) has been to understand large-scale ocean circulation and its underlying physics, and to learn how to

More information

Climatology of the 10-m wind along the west coast of South American from 30 years of high-resolution reanalysis

Climatology of the 10-m wind along the west coast of South American from 30 years of high-resolution reanalysis Climatology of the 10-m wind along the west coast of South American from 30 years of high-resolution reanalysis David A. Rahn and René D. Garreaud Departamento de Geofísica, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas

More information

Current mooring observations in the area of the South Kuril Islands

Current mooring observations in the area of the South Kuril Islands Current mooring observations in the area of the South Kuril Islands Georgy Shevchenko, Gennady Kantakov 2* and Valery Chastikov 2 Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics FEB RAS, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk,

More information

Tidal regime along Vietnam coast under impacts of sea level rise

Tidal regime along Vietnam coast under impacts of sea level rise VNU Journal of Science, Earth Sciences 28 (2012) 133-139 Tidal regime along Vietnam coast under impacts of sea level rise Tran Thuc, Duong Hong Son* Vietnam Institute of Meteorology, Hydrology and Environment

More information

Winds and Ocean Circulations

Winds and Ocean Circulations Winds and Ocean Circulations AT 351 Lab 5 February 20, 2008 Sea Surface Temperatures 1 Temperature Structure of the Ocean Ocean Currents 2 What causes ocean circulation? The direction of most ocean currents

More information

10% water in the world is tied up in the surface ocean currents. (above the pycnocline) Primary source is wind: Westerlies, Trades, Polar Easterlies

10% water in the world is tied up in the surface ocean currents. (above the pycnocline) Primary source is wind: Westerlies, Trades, Polar Easterlies Oceanography Chapter 9 10% water in the world is tied up in the surface ocean currents. (above the pycnocline) Primary source is wind: Westerlies, Trades, Polar Easterlies Coriolis deflects winds (and

More information

SIO 210 Problem Set 3 November 4, 2011 Due Nov. 14, 2011

SIO 210 Problem Set 3 November 4, 2011 Due Nov. 14, 2011 SIO 210 Problem Set 3 November 4, 2011 Due Nov. 14, 2011 1. At 20 N, both the ocean and the atmosphere carry approximately 2 PW of heat poleward, for a total of about 4 PW (see figure). If (at this latitude)

More information

Upstream environment for SBI - Modeled and observed biophysical conditions in the northern Bering Sea

Upstream environment for SBI - Modeled and observed biophysical conditions in the northern Bering Sea Upstream environment for SBI - Modeled and observed biophysical conditions in the northern Bering Sea Jaclyn Clement 1, Wieslaw Maslowski 1, Lee Cooper 2, Jacqueline Grebmeier 2, Waldemar Walczowski 3,

More information

The Air-Sea Interaction. Masanori Konda Kyoto University

The Air-Sea Interaction. Masanori Konda Kyoto University 2 The Air-Sea Interaction Masanori Konda Kyoto University 2.1 Feedback between Ocean and Atmosphere Heat and momentum exchange between the ocean and atmosphere Atmospheric circulation Condensation heat

More information

The monsoon currents in the north Indian Ocean

The monsoon currents in the north Indian Ocean The monsoon currents in the north Indian Ocean D. Shankar a, P. N. Vinayachandran b, and A. S. Unnikrishnan a a Physical Oceanography Division, National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403 004,

More information

Presented by. Mr.Danish.D.R. M.Tech Coastal Management Institute for Ocean Management Anna University, Chennai Tamil Nadu, India.

Presented by. Mr.Danish.D.R. M.Tech Coastal Management Institute for Ocean Management Anna University, Chennai Tamil Nadu, India. MATHEMATICAL MODEL STUDY OF THE EFFLUENT DISPOSAL FROM A DESALINATION PLANT IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT AT TUTICORIN Presented by Mr.Danish.D.R M.Tech Coastal Management Institute for Ocean Management Anna

More information

Impact of the tides, wind and shelf circulation on the Gironde river plume dynamics

Impact of the tides, wind and shelf circulation on the Gironde river plume dynamics Impact of the tides, wind and shelf circulation on the Gironde river plume dynamics F. Toublanc 1, N. Ayoub 2, P. Marsaleix 3, P. De Mey 2 1 CNES/LEGOS 2 CNRS/LEGOS 3 CNRS/LA, Toulouse, France 5th GODAE

More information

Intraseasonal Variability in Sea Level Height in the Bay of Bengal: Remote vs. local wind forcing & Comparison with the NE Pacific Warm Pool

Intraseasonal Variability in Sea Level Height in the Bay of Bengal: Remote vs. local wind forcing & Comparison with the NE Pacific Warm Pool Intraseasonal Variability in Sea Level Height in the Bay of Bengal: Remote vs. local wind forcing & Comparison with the NE Pacific Warm Pool Shang-Ping Xie 1,3, Xuhua Cheng 2,3, Julian P. McCreary 3 1.

More information

Introduction to Oceanography OCE 1001

Introduction to Oceanography OCE 1001 Introduction to Oceanography OCE 1001 Lecture Notes Chantale Bégin & Jessica Fry Version 2.1 10. Ocean Circulation (Trujillo, Chapter 7) Major ocean currents are stable and predictable; they have been

More information

ISOLATION OF NON-HYDROSTATIC REGIONS WITHIN A BASIN

ISOLATION OF NON-HYDROSTATIC REGIONS WITHIN A BASIN ISOLATION OF NON-HYDROSTATIC REGIONS WITHIN A BASIN Bridget M. Wadzuk 1 (Member, ASCE) and Ben R. Hodges 2 (Member, ASCE) ABSTRACT Modeling of dynamic pressure appears necessary to achieve a more robust

More information

ATMS 310 Tropical Dynamics

ATMS 310 Tropical Dynamics ATMS 310 Tropical Dynamics Introduction Throughout the semester we have focused on mid-latitude dynamics. This is not to say that the dynamics of other parts of the world, such as the tropics, are any

More information

SIO 210 Final examination Wednesday, December 11, PM Sumner auditorium Name:

SIO 210 Final examination Wednesday, December 11, PM Sumner auditorium Name: SIO 210 Final examination Wednesday, December 11, 2013 2-5 PM Sumner auditorium Name: Turn off all phones, ipods, etc. and put them away. This is a closed book exam. You may use one page of notes, both

More information

A CYCLONIC EDDY NORTH OF LOMBOK *)

A CYCLONIC EDDY NORTH OF LOMBOK *) A CYCLONIC EDDY NORTH OF LOMBOK *) by George Cresswell ABSTRACT A satellite drifter that passed from south to north through Lombok Strait in early 1988 became trapped in a cyclonic eddy 100 km north of

More information

Trade winds How do they affect the tropical oceans? 10/9/13. Take away concepts and ideas. El Niño - Southern Oscillation (ENSO)

Trade winds How do they affect the tropical oceans? 10/9/13. Take away concepts and ideas. El Niño - Southern Oscillation (ENSO) El Niño - Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Ocean-atmosphere interactions Take away concepts and ideas What is El Niño, La Niña? Trade wind and Walker circulation. What is the Southern Oscillation? Tropical

More information

Kathleen Dohan. Wind-Driven Surface Currents. Earth and Space Research, Seattle, WA

Kathleen Dohan. Wind-Driven Surface Currents. Earth and Space Research, Seattle, WA Updates to OSCAR and challenges with capturing the wind-driven currents. Wind-Driven Surface Currents Kathleen Dohan Earth and Space Research, Seattle, WA ENSO OSCAR Surface currents from satellite fields

More information

Lecture 13. Global Wind Patterns and the Oceans EOM

Lecture 13. Global Wind Patterns and the Oceans EOM Lecture 13. Global Wind Patterns and the Oceans EOM Global Wind Patterns and the Oceans Drag from wind exerts a force called wind stress on the ocean surface in the direction of the wind. The currents

More information

The Coriolis force, geostrophy, Rossby waves and the westward intensification

The Coriolis force, geostrophy, Rossby waves and the westward intensification Chapter 3 The Coriolis force, geostrophy, Rossby waves and the westward intensification The oceanic circulation is the result of a certain balance of forces. Geophysical Fluid Dynamics shows that a very

More information

COMPARISON OF DEEP-WATER ADCP AND NDBC BUOY MEASUREMENTS TO HINDCAST PARAMETERS. William R. Dally and Daniel A. Osiecki

COMPARISON OF DEEP-WATER ADCP AND NDBC BUOY MEASUREMENTS TO HINDCAST PARAMETERS. William R. Dally and Daniel A. Osiecki COMPARISON OF DEEP-WATER ADCP AND NDBC BUOY MEASUREMENTS TO HINDCAST PARAMETERS William R. Dally and Daniel A. Osiecki Surfbreak Engineering Sciences, Inc. 207 Surf Road Melbourne Beach, Florida, 32951

More information

Ocean Circulation. Si Hui Lee and Frances Wen. You can access ME at

Ocean Circulation. Si Hui Lee and Frances Wen. You can access ME at Ocean Circulation Si Hui Lee and Frances Wen You can access ME at http://tinyurl.com/oceancirculation Earth - the blue planet - 71% area covered by the oceans - 3/4 of ocean area between 3000-6000m deep

More information

Water circulation in Dabob Bay, Washington: Focus on the exchange flows during the diurnal tide transitions

Water circulation in Dabob Bay, Washington: Focus on the exchange flows during the diurnal tide transitions Water circulation in Dabob Bay, Washington: Focus on the exchange flows during the diurnal tide transitions Jeong-in Kang School of Oceanography University of Washington (206) 349-7319 nortiumz@u.washington.edu

More information

Review for the second quarter. Mechanisms for cloud formation

Review for the second quarter. Mechanisms for cloud formation Review for the second quarter Mechanisms for cloud formation 1 Rising air expands and cools; Sinking air compresses and warms. (18) (24) Dry adiabatic lapse rate (10 o C/km): the rate of temperature decrease

More information

Geophysical Fluid Dynamics of the Earth. Jeffrey B. Weiss University of Colorado, Boulder

Geophysical Fluid Dynamics of the Earth. Jeffrey B. Weiss University of Colorado, Boulder Geophysical Fluid Dynamics of the Earth Jeffrey B. Weiss University of Colorado, Boulder The Earth is a spinning sphere Coriolis force depends on latitude solar flux depends on latitude Michael Ritter,

More information

Directional Wave Spectra from Video Images Data and SWAN Model. Keywords: Directional wave spectra; SWAN; video images; pixels

Directional Wave Spectra from Video Images Data and SWAN Model. Keywords: Directional wave spectra; SWAN; video images; pixels Jurnal Teknologi Full paper Directional Wave Spectra from Video Images Data and SWAN Model Muhammad Zikra a*, Noriaki Hashimoto b, Masaru Yamashiro b, Kojiro Suzuki c a Department of Ocean Engineering,

More information

Monitoring and prediction of El Niño and La Niña

Monitoring and prediction of El Niño and La Niña Monitoring and prediction of El Niño and La Niña Akio NARUI El Niño Monitoring and Prediction Group Climate Prediction Division Japan Meteorological Agency Outline 1. Introduction of El Niño and La Niña

More information

The monsoon currents in the north Indian Ocean

The monsoon currents in the north Indian Ocean The monsoon currents in the north Indian Ocean D. Shankar a, P. N. Vinayachandran b, A. S. Unnikrishnan a, and S. R. Shetye a a Physical Oceanography Division, National Institute of Oceanography, Dona

More information

IX. Upper Ocean Circulation

IX. Upper Ocean Circulation IX. Upper Ocean Circulation World Ocean Covers 71% of Earth s surface Contains 97% of surface water Arctic Ocean NH: 61% ocean, 39% land Pacific Ocean Atlantic Ocean Southern Ocean Indian Ocean SH: 81%

More information

IMPACTS OF COASTAL PROTECTION STRATEGIES ON THE COASTS OF CRETE: NUMERICAL EXPERIMENTS

IMPACTS OF COASTAL PROTECTION STRATEGIES ON THE COASTS OF CRETE: NUMERICAL EXPERIMENTS IMPACTS OF COASTAL PROTECTION STRATEGIES ON THE COASTS OF CRETE: NUMERICAL EXPERIMENTS Tsanis, I.K., Saied, U.M., Valavanis V. Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Chania,

More information

LOCALLY CONCENTRATED SEVERE BEACH EROSION ON SEISHO COAST CAUSED BY TYPHOON T0709

LOCALLY CONCENTRATED SEVERE BEACH EROSION ON SEISHO COAST CAUSED BY TYPHOON T0709 F-4 Fourth International Conference on Scour and Erosion 2008 LOCALLY CONCENTRATED SEVERE BEACH EROSION ON SEISHO COAST CAUSED BY TYPHOON T0709 Yoshimitsu TAJIMA 1 and Shinji SATO 2 1 Member of JSCE, Associate

More information

SEASONDE DETECTION OF TSUNAMI WAVES

SEASONDE DETECTION OF TSUNAMI WAVES SEASONDE DETECTION OF TSUNAMI WAVES Belinda Lipa, John Bourg, Jimmy Isaacson, Don Barrick, and Laura Pederson 1 I. INTRODUCTION We here report on preliminary results of a study to assess the capability

More information

Oceans and the Global Environment: Lec 2 taking physics and chemistry outdoors. the flowing, waving ocean

Oceans and the Global Environment: Lec 2 taking physics and chemistry outdoors. the flowing, waving ocean Oceans and the Global Environment: Lec 2 taking physics and chemistry outdoors the flowing, waving ocean Peter Rhines 1 Eric Lindahl 2 Bob Koon 2, Julie Wright 3 www.ocean.washington.edu/courses/has221a-08

More information

Lecture 14. Heat lows and the TCZ

Lecture 14. Heat lows and the TCZ Lecture 14 Heat lows and the TCZ ITCZ/TCZ and heat lows While the ITCZ/TCZ is associated with a trough at low levels, it must be noted that a low pressure at the surface and cyclonic vorticity at 850 hpa

More information

Characteristics of Bay of Bengal Water mass in South Eastern Arabian Sea during

Characteristics of Bay of Bengal Water mass in South Eastern Arabian Sea during Indian Journal of Geo-Marine Sciences Vol. 43(1), January 2014, pp. 27-32 Characteristics of Bay of Bengal Water mass in South Eastern Arabian Sea during 2001-2002 G Nageswara Rao, K Anil Kumar, PSV Jagadeesh

More information

Intraseasonal response of Northern Indian Ocean coastal. waveguide to the Madden-Julian Oscillation

Intraseasonal response of Northern Indian Ocean coastal. waveguide to the Madden-Julian Oscillation 1 2 3 Intraseasonal response of Northern Indian Ocean coastal waveguide to the Madden-Julian Oscillation 4 5 6 J. Vialard 1 2, S.S.C Shenoi 2, J.P. McCreary 3, D. Shankar 2, F. Durand 4, V. Fernando 2

More information

The Surface Currents OCEA 101

The Surface Currents OCEA 101 The Surface Currents OCEA 101 Why should you care? - the surface ocean circulation controls the major ocean biomes - variations in ocean circulation control the supply of nutrients for marine organisms

More information

Temperature, Salinity, Dissolved Oxygen and Water Masses of Vietnamese Waters

Temperature, Salinity, Dissolved Oxygen and Water Masses of Vietnamese Waters Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center Temperature, Salinity, Dissolved Oxygen and Water Masses of Vietnamese Waters Penjan Rojana-anawat, Siriporn Pradit, Natinee Sukramongkol and Somboon Siriraksophon

More information

Monday, October 2, Watch for new assessment (Week 4/5 review) TA s have your tests, please see key (at course website)

Monday, October 2, Watch for new assessment (Week 4/5 review) TA s have your tests, please see key (at course website) Monday, October 2, 2017 Watch for new assessment (Week 4/5 review) TA s have your tests, please see key (at course website) Homework 3 Due date Wednesday, Oct 11 (8 pm) Be ready to watch another important

More information

PROC. ITB Eng. Science Vol. 36 B, No. 2, 2004,

PROC. ITB Eng. Science Vol. 36 B, No. 2, 2004, PROC. ITB Eng. Science Vol. 36 B, No. 2, 2004, 133-139 133 Semiannual Kelvin Waves Propagation along the South Coast of Sumatra-Jawa-Bali and the Lesser Sunda Islands Observed by TOPEX/POSEIDON and ERS-1/2

More information

Name Class Date. Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below. Each term may be used only once. Some terms may not be used.

Name Class Date. Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below. Each term may be used only once. Some terms may not be used. Assessment Chapter Test B The Movement of Ocean Water USING KEY TERMS Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below. Each term may be used only once. Some terms may not be used.

More information

The Ocean is a Geophysical Fluid Like the Atmosphere. The Physical Ocean. Yet Not Like the Atmosphere. ATS 760 Global Carbon Cycle The Physical Ocean

The Ocean is a Geophysical Fluid Like the Atmosphere. The Physical Ocean. Yet Not Like the Atmosphere. ATS 760 Global Carbon Cycle The Physical Ocean The Physical Ocean The Ocean is a Geophysical Fluid Like the Atmosphere Three real forces: Gravity Pressure gradients Friction Two apparent forces: Coriolis and Centrifugal Geostrophic & Hydrostatic balances

More information

Atmospheric Circulation. Recall Vertical Circulation

Atmospheric Circulation. Recall Vertical Circulation Today s topics: Atmospheric circulation: generation of wind patterns on a rotating Earth Seasonal patterns of climate: Monsoons and El Niño Tropical Cyclones: Hurricanes and typhoons Atmospheric Circulation

More information

APPENDIX G WEATHER DATA SELECTED EXTRACTS FROM ENVIRONMENTAL DATA FOR BCFS VESSEL REPLACEMENT PROGRAM DRAFT REPORT

APPENDIX G WEATHER DATA SELECTED EXTRACTS FROM ENVIRONMENTAL DATA FOR BCFS VESSEL REPLACEMENT PROGRAM DRAFT REPORT APPENDIX G WEATHER DATA SELECTED EXTRACTS FROM ENVIRONMENTAL DATA FOR BCFS VESSEL REPLACEMENT PROGRAM DRAFT REPORT Prepared for: B.C. Ferries Services Inc. Prepared by: George Roddan, P.Eng. Roddan Engineering

More information

Wednesday, September 27, 2017 Test Monday, about half-way through grading. No D2L Assessment this week, watch for one next week

Wednesday, September 27, 2017 Test Monday, about half-way through grading. No D2L Assessment this week, watch for one next week Wednesday, September 27, 2017 Test Monday, about half-way through grading No D2L Assessment this week, watch for one next week Homework 3 Climate Variability (due Monday, October 9) Quick comment on Coriolis

More information

Intrusion of the Southwest Monsoon Current into the Bay of Bengal

Intrusion of the Southwest Monsoon Current into the Bay of Bengal JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 104, NO. C5, PAGES 11,077 11,085, MAY 15, 1999 Intrusion of the Southwest Monsoon Current into the Bay of Bengal P. N. Vinayachandran, 1 Yukio Masumoto, 1,2 Tetsuya

More information

Analysis of 2012 Indian Ocean Dipole Behavior

Analysis of 2012 Indian Ocean Dipole Behavior Analysis of 2012 Indian Ocean Dipole Behavior Mo Lan National University of Singapore Supervisor: Tomoki TOZUKA Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of Tokyo Abstract The Indian Ocean

More information

AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF

AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Laxmikant Dhage for the degree of Master of Science in Ocean, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences presented on March 20, 2014. Title: Intra-seasonal Sea Level Variability along

More information

ENSO Cycle: Recent Evolution, Current Status and Predictions. Update prepared by Climate Prediction Center / NCEP 4 September 2012

ENSO Cycle: Recent Evolution, Current Status and Predictions. Update prepared by Climate Prediction Center / NCEP 4 September 2012 ENSO Cycle: Recent Evolution, Current Status and Predictions Update prepared by Climate Prediction Center / NCEP 4 September 2012 Outline Overview Recent Evolution and Current Conditions Oceanic Niño Index

More information

The Various Components of the Circulation in the Singapore Strait Region: Tidal, Wind and Eddy-driven Circulations and Their Relative Importance

The Various Components of the Circulation in the Singapore Strait Region: Tidal, Wind and Eddy-driven Circulations and Their Relative Importance The Various Components of the Circulation in the Singapore Strait Region: Tidal, Wind and Eddy-driven Circulations and Their Relative Importance Haoliang Chen CENSAM, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research

More information

Synoptic Lab, MET 421, Test 2

Synoptic Lab, MET 421, Test 2 Name Synoptic Lab, MET 421, Test 2 1) For a 15 ms -1 east wind blowing towards Milwaukee a) Calculate the distance to the east shore of Lake Michigan. You can use a distance calculator website such as

More information

Indian Ocean Seasonal Cycle Jérôme Vialard (IRD) LOCEAN Paris France From Schott & McCreary (Prog. Oc.

Indian Ocean Seasonal Cycle Jérôme Vialard (IRD) LOCEAN Paris France From Schott & McCreary (Prog. Oc. Indian Ocean Seasonal Cycle Jérôme Vialard (IRD) LOCEAN Paris France jerome.vialard@ird.fr From Schott & McCreary (Prog. Oc. 2001) Outline The monsoon cycle The basin-scale dynamical response Thermocline

More information

Altimetric Observations and model simulations of Coastal Kelvin waves in the Bay of Bengal

Altimetric Observations and model simulations of Coastal Kelvin waves in the Bay of Bengal Author version: Mar. Geod., vol.35(s1); 2012; 190-216 Altimetric Observations and model simulations of Coastal Kelvin waves in the Bay of Bengal Matthew J. Nienhaus 1, Bulusu Subrahmanyam 1,2, V.S.N. Murty

More information

Seasonal Circulation in the Yellow and the East China Seas driven by the monsoon winds

Seasonal Circulation in the Yellow and the East China Seas driven by the monsoon winds Seasonal Circulation in the Yellow and the East China Seas driven by the monsoon winds Ig-Chan Pang 1 and Jae-Hong Moon 2 1 : Cheju National University 2 : Department of Earth System Science and Technology,

More information

MONITORING SEDIMENT TRANSPORT PROCESSES AT MANAVGAT RIVER MOUTH, ANTALYA TURKEY

MONITORING SEDIMENT TRANSPORT PROCESSES AT MANAVGAT RIVER MOUTH, ANTALYA TURKEY COPEDEC VI, 2003 in Colombo, Sri Lanka MONITORING SEDIMENT TRANSPORT PROCESSES AT MANAVGAT RIVER MOUTH, ANTALYA TURKEY Isikhan GULER 1, Aysen ERGIN 2, Ahmet Cevdet YALCINER 3 ABSTRACT Manavgat River, where

More information

Atmospheric Circulation. Density of Air. Density of Air: H 2 O and Pressure effects

Atmospheric Circulation. Density of Air. Density of Air: H 2 O and Pressure effects Today s topics: Atmospheric circulation: generation of wind patterns on a rotating Earth Seasonal patterns of climate: Monsoons and Sea Breezes Tropical Cyclones: Hurricanes and typhoons Atmospheric Circulation

More information

1 2 http://ds.data.jma.go.jp/tcc/tcc/index.html http://ds.data.jma.go.jp/tcc/tcc/index.html Climate in Japan World Climate Extratropics Tropics Oceanograhpic conditions World Climate Page 2 Extratropics

More information

Wind-driven driven Response of the Northern Indian Ocean to Climate Extremes

Wind-driven driven Response of the Northern Indian Ocean to Climate Extremes Wind-driven driven Response of the Northern Indian Ocean to Climate Extremes Tommy G. Jensen International Pacific Research Center CLIVAR Indian Ocean Workshop Dec 1, 2004 1 Motivation Pathways of water

More information

West India Coastal Current and Lakshadweep High/Low

West India Coastal Current and Lakshadweep High/Low Sadhand, Vol. 23, Parts 5 & 6, Oct & Dec 1998, pp. 637~i51. Indian Academy of Sciences West India Coastal Current and Lakshadweep High/Low SATISH R SHETYE National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula,

More information

Interference of the Equatorial Waves on the 2017 Indian Monsoon Northward Progression

Interference of the Equatorial Waves on the 2017 Indian Monsoon Northward Progression https://www.bing.com/images/search?view=detailv2&ccid=4gaj08ec&id=15b827d717e11e 07790F5BCC0A4E13BBD103123C&thid=OIP.4gaj08EcIqXuIdGNdiwwUAEsDI&q=monsoon+pi ctures&simid=608027853209010910&selectedindex=119&mode=overlay&first=1

More information

EARTH, PLANETARY, & SPACE SCIENCES 15 INTRODUCTION TO OCEANOGRAPHY. LABORATORY SESSION #6 Fall Ocean Circulation

EARTH, PLANETARY, & SPACE SCIENCES 15 INTRODUCTION TO OCEANOGRAPHY. LABORATORY SESSION #6 Fall Ocean Circulation EARTH, PLANETARY, & SPACE SCIENCES 15 INTRODUCTION TO OCEANOGRAPHY LABORATORY SESSION #6 Fall 2017 Ocean Circulation The focus of the Lab this week is circulation of the ocean and atmosphere. Here, you

More information

Atmospheric Forcing and the Structure and Evolution of the Upper Ocean in the Bay of Bengal

Atmospheric Forcing and the Structure and Evolution of the Upper Ocean in the Bay of Bengal DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. Atmospheric Forcing and the Structure and Evolution of the Upper Ocean in the Bay of Bengal J. Thomas Farrar and Robert

More information

Monsoon Response of the Sea around Sri Lanka: Generation of Thermal Domes and Anticyclonic Vortices

Monsoon Response of the Sea around Sri Lanka: Generation of Thermal Domes and Anticyclonic Vortices 1946 JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY Monsoon Response of the Sea around Sri Lanka: Generation of Thermal Domes and Anticyclonic Vortices P. N. VINAYACHANDRAN* AND TOSHIO YAMAGATA Department of Earth and

More information

Section 6. The Surface Circulation of the Ocean. What Do You See? Think About It. Investigate. Learning Outcomes

Section 6. The Surface Circulation of the Ocean. What Do You See? Think About It. Investigate. Learning Outcomes Chapter 5 Winds, Oceans, Weather, and Climate Section 6 The Surface Circulation of the Ocean What Do You See? Learning Outcomes In this section, you will Understand the general paths of surface ocean currents.

More information

Available online at ScienceDirect. Procedia Engineering 116 (2015 )

Available online at  ScienceDirect. Procedia Engineering 116 (2015 ) Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Procedia Engineering 116 (2015 ) 320 325 8th International Conference on Asian and Pacific Coasts (APAC 2015) Department of Ocean Engineering, IIT

More information

Modelling study of the dispersal of pollutants at SHo Jacinto submarine outfall (Aveiro, Portugal)

Modelling study of the dispersal of pollutants at SHo Jacinto submarine outfall (Aveiro, Portugal) Modelling study of the dispersal of pollutants at SHo Jacinto submarine outfall (Aveiro, Portugal) M. Ramosl, M. Almeidal, P. Silval, J. Dubertl & J. Antunes do Carrno2 l Department of Physics, University

More information

Dynamics and variability of surface wind speed and divergence over mid-latitude ocean fronts

Dynamics and variability of surface wind speed and divergence over mid-latitude ocean fronts Dynamics and variability of surface wind speed and divergence over mid-latitude ocean fronts Larry O Neill 1, Tracy Haack 2, and Simon de Szoeke 1 1 Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 2 Naval Research

More information

Influence of El Nino Southern Oscillation and Indian Ocean Dipole in biennial oscillation of Indian summer monsoon

Influence of El Nino Southern Oscillation and Indian Ocean Dipole in biennial oscillation of Indian summer monsoon Influence of El Nino Southern Oscillation and Indian Ocean Dipole in biennial oscillation of Indian summer monsoon 4.1 Introduction The main contributors to the interannual variability of Indian summer

More information

Ocean Layers. Based on sunlight penetration: Based on water density: Sunlight (photosynthesis is possible) Twilight Midnight

Ocean Layers. Based on sunlight penetration: Based on water density: Sunlight (photosynthesis is possible) Twilight Midnight PART 3 Ocean Layers Based on sunlight penetration: Sunlight (photosynthesis is possible) Twilight Midnight Based on water density: Mixed layer Pycnocline (rapid change of themperature/salinity) Deep ocean

More information

Chapter 9: Circulation of the Ocean

Chapter 9: Circulation of the Ocean Chapter 9: Circulation of the Ocean Tropical gardens on Britain s Scilly Isles. Only 48 kilometers (30 miles) off the coast of Cornwall at 50 N, these scenic islands lie in the path of the warm waters

More information

Intra-seasonal variability of the coastal currents around India: A review of the evidences from new observations

Intra-seasonal variability of the coastal currents around India: A review of the evidences from new observations Indian Journal of Geo-Marine Sciences Vol. 39(4), December 2010, pp. 489-496 Intra-seasonal variability of the coastal currents around India: A review of the evidences from new observations S S C Shenoi

More information

Hui Wang, Mike Young, and Liming Zhou School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, Georgia

Hui Wang, Mike Young, and Liming Zhou School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, Georgia Water Cycle between Ocean and Land and Its Influence on Climate Variability over the South American-Atlantic Regions as Determined by SeaWinds Scatterometers Rong Fu Hui Wang, Mike Young, and Liming Zhou

More information

From ROMS-Model. Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi. Nigam. Tanuja

From ROMS-Model. Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi. Nigam. Tanuja Coastal Upwelling Features over Arabian Sea From ROMS-Model Tanuja Nigam Supervisor- Dr. Vimlesh Pant Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi OUTLINE Introduction What is Upwelling Types of Upwelling

More information

Pathways and Effects of Indonesian Throughflow water in the Indian Ocean using Trajectory and Tracer experiments in an OGCM

Pathways and Effects of Indonesian Throughflow water in the Indian Ocean using Trajectory and Tracer experiments in an OGCM Pathways and Effects of Indonesian Throughflow water in the Indian Ocean using Trajectory and Tracer experiments in an OGCM Vinu K V Ph.D Student Division of Ocean And Atmospheric Sciences, Hokkaido University,

More information

Figure 4, Photo mosaic taken on February 14 about an hour before sunset near low tide.

Figure 4, Photo mosaic taken on February 14 about an hour before sunset near low tide. The Impact on Great South Bay of the Breach at Old Inlet Charles N. Flagg and Roger Flood School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University Since the last report was issued on January 31

More information

COASTAL EROSION: INVESTIGATIONS IN THE SOUTHWEST COAST OF SRI LANKA

COASTAL EROSION: INVESTIGATIONS IN THE SOUTHWEST COAST OF SRI LANKA COASTAL EROSION: INVESTIGATIONS IN THE SOUTHWEST COAST OF SRI LANKA Wijayawardane I.S.K. 1, Ansaf K.M.M. 2, Ratnasooriya A.H.R. 3, Samarawickrama S.P. 4 1,2 Postgraduate Student, Department of Civil Engineering,

More information