CLaMS simulations of transport of young air masses to the top of the Asian monsoon anticyclone and beyond
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1 Mitglied der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft CLaMS simulations of transport of young air masses to the top of the Asian monsoon anticyclone and beyond Bärbel Vogel, Rolf Müller, Gebhard Günther, Reinhold Spang, Sreeharsha Hanumanthu, Dan Li, Gabi Stiller, and Martin Riese ACAM 2017 Guangzhou 5-9 June 2017 B. Vogel et al.
2 Asian monsoon anticyclone (AMA) Transport pathways from AMA into the lower stratosphere? CO from WACCM4-SD 22 Aug at 90 E Randel et al., Science, 2010 Randel et al.,science, 2010 Bourassa et al., Science Pan et al., JGR, 2016 Dethof et al., Q., J. R. Met. Soc., 1999 Pan et al., JGR, ACAM 2017 Guangzhou 5-9 June 2017 B. Vogel et al. 2 18
3 Content Two main questions: Transport at the top of the Asian monsoon anticyclone: Transport pathway across the tropopause? How affect boundary layer source regions in Asia the composition of the lower/middle stratosphere? ACAM 2017 Guangzhou 5-9 June 2017 B. Vogel et al. 3 18
4 CLaMS simulation for Asian monsoon season 2008 CLaMS = Chemical Lagrangian Model of the Stratosphere 3-D global CLaMS simulation (May Oct. 2009) driven by ERA-Interim 100 km horizontal resolution / max. vertical resolution at tropopause 400 m with artificial emission tracers representing different boundary layer source regions: e.g. North India, South India, East China, Southeast Asia released every 24 hours in the model boundary layer ( 2-3 km) Vogel et al., ACP, 2015, 2016 ACAM 2017 Guangzhou 5-9 June 2017 B. Vogel et al. 4 18
5 Impact of young air masses on anticyclone at 360 K on 18 Aug India/China Southeast Asia/trop. Pacific/North Africa air mass from India/China in the core of Asian monsoon anticyclone (AMA) low values from Southeast Asia/tropical Pacific/North Afric in the core highest fractions at the edge of the AMA strong horizontal transport barrier at 360 K ACAM 2017 Guangzhou 5-9 June 2017 B. Vogel et al. 5 18
6 Bubble and Hole vertical cross-section at lon = 90 E (core of anticyclone) India/China Southeast Asia/trop. Pacific/North Africa Transport pathway of young air masses to the top of Asian monsoon anticyclone (AMA)? 1 vertical uparward transport across the tropopause inside the AMA 2 vertical uparward transport outside the AMA horizontal transport to the top of AMA ACAM 2017 Guangzhou 5-9 June 2017 B. Vogel et al. 6 18
7 HCFC-22 an interim replacement gas of CFCs A chemical tracer emitted regionally in Eastern Asia HCFC-22 emissions for 2010 in Gg/yr MIPAS HCFC-22 at 16 km JAS Fortems-Cheiney et al., JGR, 2013 Chirkov et al., ACP, 2016 HCFC-22 (CHClF 2 ) chlorodifluoromethane used as refrigerant, in chemical industry,... in developing countries consumption shall be phased out by 2030 lifetime 11.9 years greenhouse gas and ozone-depleting ACAM 2017 Guangzhou 5-9 June 2017 B. Vogel et al. 7 18
8 Horizontal transport pathways from the AMA CLaMS emission tracer India/China vs MIPAS HCFC-22 see talk by Rolf Müller et al. Vogel et al., 2016 ACAM 2017 Guangzhou 5-9 June 2017 B. Vogel et al. 8 18
9 Emission tracer for India/China vs MIPAS HCFC-22 A chemical tracer emitted regionally in India and China 18 August 2008 at 380 K Emission tracer for India/China MIPAS HCFC-22 MIPAS data synoptically interpolated over 5 days black line: emission tracer India/China = 20% ACAM 2017 Guangzhou 5-9 June 2017 B. Vogel et al. 9 18
10 Vertical Transport of MIPAS HCFC August 2008 Emission tracer for India/China 90 E MIPAS HCFC-22 at E grey line: emission tracer India/China = 30% and 50% vertical upward transport across tropopause ACAM 2017 Guangzhou 5-9 June 2017 B. Vogel et al
11 Vertical Transport of MIPAS HCFC August 2008 Emission tracer for India/China 30 E MIPAS HCFC-22 at E grey line: emission tracer India/China = 30% vertical upward transport across tropopause ACAM 2017 Guangzhou 5-9 June 2017 B. Vogel et al
12 Impact of young air masses on top of the AMA 18 Aug K 380 K 400 K 420 K ACAM 2017 Guangzhou 5-9 June 2017 B. Vogel et al
13 Impact of young air masses on top AMA and beyond 18 Aug K 460 K 480 K young air masses are found up to 440/460 K What are the transport pathways? ACAM 2017 Guangzhou 5-9 June 2017 B. Vogel et al
14 40-day backward trajectories at 380 K Transport pathways to the top of the AMA trajectories started in western part of AMA at 380 K, young air mass > 70% single convection events up to 360 K air masses circulate around AMA (large-scale!) slow upward transport above 360 K see poster by Dan Li et al., Impact of typhoons on AMA over Lhasa (Li et al, ACP, 2017) ACAM 2017 Guangzhou 5-9 June 2017 B. Vogel et al
15 40-day backward trajectories at 400 K Transport pathways at the top of the AMA trajectories started in eastern part of AMA at 400 K, young air mass > 50% slow upward transport of 1-1.5K per day in a large-scale spiral no straight vertical upward transport ACAM 2017 Guangzhou 5-9 June 2017 B. Vogel et al
16 Θ within last 20 days during monsoon season Global 20-day backward trajectories: 18 Aug K 20-day backward trajectories on grid Slow upward transport of about K per day in the region of the AMA (North Africa - Pacific) inhomogeneous upwelling above Asian monsoon anticyclone ACAM 2017 Guangzhou 5-9 June 2017 B. Vogel et al
17 Θ within last 20 days during monsoon season Global 20-day backward trajectories: 18 Aug K 20-day backward trajectories on grid Slow upward transport of about K per day in the region of the AMA (North Africa - Pacific) inhomogeneous upwelling above Asian monsoon anticyclone ACAM 2017 Guangzhou 5-9 June 2017 B. Vogel et al
18 Impact of air from India/China on middle stratosphere 31 Aug 2008 at 90 E Randel et al., Science, 2010 Impact Monsoon 2008 ACAM 2017 Guangzhou 5-9 June 2017 B. Vogel et al
19 Impact of air from India/China on middle stratosphere 31 Aug 2009 at 90 E Randel et al., Science, 2010 Impact Monsoon Air masses form India/China are transported into the middle stratosphere in the upward Brewer-Dobson circulation within the tropical pipe (within one year!) ACAM 2017 Guangzhou 5-9 June 2017 B. Vogel et al
20 Impact of young air masses on tropical pipe Simulation period 1 May Nov K 550 K Air masses in the model boundary layer are marked every 24 h transport from model boundary layer is response to a single pulse for times t t i < t < t i + t i with t i = 1 May 2008 ; t i = 18 months composition of an air mass = young air masses + aged air masses ACAM 2017 Guangzhou 5-9 June 2017 B. Vogel et al
21 Summary and Conclusions Enhanced values of young air masses and HCFC-22 are found at the top of the Asian monsoon anticyclone (up to 460 K) Slow upward transport above 360 K in a large-scale upward spiral of about K per day in the region the AMA Inhomogeneous upwelling above Asian monsoon anticyclone Air masses from India/China are transported into the middle stratosphere within the tropical pipe (within one year!) But highest fraction in tropical pipe are from Southeast Asia and tropical Pacific ACAM 2017 Guangzhou 5-9 June 2017 B. Vogel et al
ACAM 2017 Guangzhou 5-9 June 2017 R. Müller and B. Vogel et al.
Mitglied der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Long-range transport pathways of tropospheric source gases originating in Asia into the northern lower stratosphere during the Asian monsoon season 2012 Bärbel Vogel,
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