Name: Section: Force and Motion Practice Test

Transcription

1 Name: Section: Force and Motion Practice Test Directions: For each of the questions or incomplete statements below, choose the best of the answer choices given and write your answer on the line. 1. Which of the four different balls listed below would require the greatest force to move? a. golf ball c. basketball b. baseball d. bowling ball 2. The mass of the Statue of Liberty would be a. greatest in New York. b. greatest at the North Pole. c. greatest on the moon. d. the same in all locations. Questions 3 and 4 refer to the following paragraph A force is a push or pull. A force can start motion, stop motion, change the speed of motion, or change the direction of motion. In volleyball, the person serving the ball tosses it up to start the ball moving. The server then strikes the ball, changing its direction and increasing its speed toward the opposing team. When the ball reaches the other team, a player applies a new force, causing the ball to slow and go up. Then, a player applies a stronger force to change the direction and send the ball back to the serving team. This continues until the point is won and the motion of the ball is stopped. 3. When serving in volleyball, the act of striking the ball is an example of applying a. a pushing force. b. a pulling force. c. no force at all. d. both pushing and pulling force. 4. The person returning a served volleyball attempts to a. change the speed and direction of the ball. b. change the speed of the ball only. c. change the direction of the ball only. d. apply a force to stop the volleyball s motion. 5. The front door of a house can be closed by use of a. a pushing force. b. a pulling force. c. either a pushing or a pulling force. d. neither a pushing nor pulling force.

2 6. A person weighs less at the top of a mountain than at the base of a mountain because a. a person has less mass at the top of the mountain. b. a person has more mass at the top of the mountain. c. a person is farther from the center of the Earth when at the top of a mountain. d. there is less air pressure at the top of the mountain. 7. The force of 1 pound is equal to 4.5 newtons and the force of 1 kilogram is equal to 9.8 newtons. Which force is the greatest? a. 10 pounds c. 10 newtons b. 10 kilograms d. 50 newtons 8. In a game of softball, the pitcher throws a ball toward the batter. If the batter swings and makes contact with the ball, a force is applied from the bat to the ball. What is the purpose of this force? a. The force stops the motion of the ball. b. The force slows the motion of the ball. c. The force changes the direction of motion of the ball. d. The force increases the speed of the ball. 9. Tarrence helped his dad push their car out of the garage to repair it. He pushed as hard as he could, but the car only moved very slowly. This example demonstrates the principle that a. a body at rest remains at rest unless a force affects it. b. a body in motion remains in motion unless a force affects it. c. a large mass requires a large force to move it. d. every action has an equal but opposite reaction. 10. On a breezy day, Esther pushed her model sailboat across the still water in a pond. According to Newton s first law, the sailboat should have continued across the pond and landed at Point A. However, it landed at Point B. The most likely reason for this was that a. the force of the wind changed the sailboat s direction of motion. b. fish swimming near the sailboat changed the direction of motion. c. the force of the moving water changed the sailboat s direction of motion. d. the sailboat accelerated across the pond.

3 11. What is the relationship between the mass and the inertia of an object? a. The greater the mass, the greater the inertia. b. The greater the mass, the less the inertia. c. The less the mass, the greater the inertia. d. The mass and inertia are not related. 12. Which of the following objects would need the greatest force to be stopped? a. a baseball moving at 80 kilometers per hour b. a car moving at 80 kilometers per hour c. a train moving at 80 kilometers per hour d. an arrow moving at 80 kilometers per hour Questions 13 through 15 refer to the following paragraph and diagram Gail and Jared set up an experiment that they read about in their science notebook, which used a glass, several coins (penny, nickel, and quarter) and an index card. The students flicked the card from under each of the coins to see what would happen. 13. When they flicked the card from under each of the coins a. the coins all stayed with the card and fell on the table. b. the coins all dropped into the glass. c. the quarter fell into the glass, and the other two coins fell on the table. d. the penny fell into the glass, and the other two coins fell on the table. 14. This experiment indicated that an object at rest will remain at rest and will resist being put into motion. What term(s) best expresses what this experiment demonstrated? a. difference in mass c. inertia b. acceleration d. difference in forces 15. The quarter has the greatest mass of the three coins. Therefore, it would have the greatest a. resistance to change in motion. b. acceleration. c. change in direction. d. distance to fall.

4 16. Newton s second law of motion states the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration as F = (m)(a). According to this law, an increase in force on a given mass will cause a. a decrease in acceleration. b. an increase in acceleration. c. a decrease in the mass. d. an increase in the mass. 17. A rocket traveling in space increases its velocity from 32,000 kilometers per hour to 40,000 kilometers per hour. To do this, the rocket must a. increase its mass. b. decrease its mass. c. increase the force acting on it. d. decrease the force acting on it. Speed is determined by dividing the distance traveled by the time it takes to travel that distance. The formula s = d/t describes the relationship between the three factors. Use this formula to answer questions 18 and A boy on a bicycle rides 10 kilometers in one-half hour. At what speed did the boy travel? a. 20 kilometers per hour b. 40 kilometers per hour c kilometers per hour d. 2 kilometers per hour 19. If instead the boy took 1 hour to travel the 10-kilometer distance, the speed would have been a. doubled. b. tripled. c. quadrupled. d. halved. 20. Speed and velocity are similar, except that velocity has a. an acceleration component. b. a distance component. c. a time component. d. a directional component. 21. Newton s law of acceleration states the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration as F =(m)(a). According to this law, a decrease in force on a given mass will cause a. a decrease in acceleration. b. an increase in acceleration. c. a decrease in the mass. d. an increase in the mass.

5 22. The formula v = (a)(t) (velocity equals acceleration multiplied by the time) is used to determine the velocity of free-falling bodies. As the time increases, the velocity a. increases. b. decreases. c. remains the same. d. increases, then decreases. 23. If one person pushes on a box with a force of 100 newtons and another person pushes on the same box in the opposite direction with the force of 90 newtons, the resulting force is equal to a. the ratio of the two forces. b. the product of the two forces. c. the sum of the two forces. d. the difference between the two forces. 24. According to Newton s first law, a penny pushed across a table, will slide to the edge of the table and fall off. However, if the force applied is not great enough, the penny will stop on the table. What force stops the penny from falling off the table? a. gravity b. friction c. air d. the force of the table Question 25 refers to the following paragraph Galileo determined that all objects fall at the same rate. That means that a penny and a crumpled piece of paper, when released from the same height at the same time, should hit the ground at the same time. An experiment was conducted by a teacher from a third-floor balcony of a school. The instructor released a penny and a crumpled sheet of paper and let them drop to the ground. The student observed that the penny hit the ground first.

6 25. Why did the penny hit the ground before the crumpled piece of paper did? a. The penny has a greater mass. b. The penny weighs more than the paper. c. Frictional air resistance is greater on the crumpled paper. d. Frictional air resistance is greater on the penny. 26. Multiple forces act on a bicycle as it is ridden down the street, such as the force of gravity, the force applied to the foot pedals, and frictional force. In the following diagram of a child riding a bicycle, which arrow represents the force of friction? a. Arrow A b. Arrow B c. Arrow C d. Arrow D

7 Questions 27 and 28 refer to the following diagram A 50-newton block is being pulled along a metal surface by a string, which is attached to a spring scale. 27. The force required to pull the block and make it slide along the surface is a. greater than 50 newtons. b. less than 50 newtons. c. exactly 50 newtons. d. not possible to determine. 28. How can the force of friction be decreased so that it is easier to move the block? a. Place sandpaper between the block and metal surface. b. Apply oil between block and metal surface. c. Change the metal surface to a rubber surface. d. Change the metal surface to a wooden surface.