Pigskin, Hair, Fur, feathers from Dead (harram Birds/Animals)

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1 Pigskin, Hair, Fur, feathers from Dead (harram Birds/Animals) Page 1 of 25

2 Table of Contents Pigskin, Hair, Fur, feathers from Dead (harram Birds/Animals)... 3 Summary:... 3 Introduction:... 3 The Mercy of Allah for the Nation of Muhammad saww :... 4 Skin of the dead and pig are of the same Status:... 5 Salat is not Permissible on a leather praying Mat:... 5 Riding on Skins of dead/harram Animals (i.e., Vehicle seats):... 8 No benefit in the skin nor the backbone of the dead Animals: The Dogs: The Parts of animals which are cut-off (while its alive): Those parts which Grow can be used from dead Animals: Cheese Made from Rennet (from animal source): The pure are: the rennet, and the egg, and the wool, and the hair, and the fur That which is made from pig-hair is Clean: The Pig skin: Touching of the Chess is like Handler of the Pig meat: Appendix I: The meat of donkey, horse and egg from dead chicken Appendix II: Reason for the Prohibition (dead, blood, wine, swine): Appendix III: Miscellaneous Ahadith Abbreviations: saww: - Sal lal la ho Allay hay Wa Aal lay he Wasallam azwj: - Az Za Wa Jalla asws: - Allay hay Salawat Wass Salam AJFJ: Ajal Allah hey wa Fara Jaak ra: - Razi Allah azwj La: - Laan Allah azwj Page 2 of 25

3 ب س م الل ه الر ح ن الر ح يم ا ل م د ل ل ه ر ب ال عال م ني, و ص ل ى الل ه ع لى س ي د ن ا م م د و آل ه الط اه ر ين, و س ل م ت س ل يما. In the Name of Allah azwj the Beneficent, the Merciful. The Praise is for Allah azwj Lord azwj of the Worlds, and Blessing be upon our Chief Muhammad saww and his saww Purified Progeny asws, and greetings with abundant greetings. ا لل ه م ص ل ع لى م م د و آل م م د و ع ج ل ف ر ج ه م و ال ع ن أ ع د ائ ه م ا ج ع ني Pigskin, Hair, Fur, feathers from Dead (harram Birds/Animals) Summary: A short article, based on Ahadith of Masomeen asws, is compiled which deals with pigskin, hair and fur and feather of dead and forbidden (harram) animals and birds, with main focus is on the pigskin. Pigskin is cheap, easily available in most countries, it s really thin but still strong enough for its weight. Therefore, it is frequently used in many products we wear and use, i.e., in shoes, leather jackets, bags, wallets. In addition to pigskin, hair, fur, rennet from animals come into our daily use, mostly, it s difficult to trace down the origin of these (whether from dead or harram animals). Some Ahadith are presented to highlight these issues, without issuing decree (Fatwa) as the main purpose of the write-up is to generate an awareness, as most of the above are considered harram as per Fatwa of Sunni Muslims. Introduction: Large shoe and bag chains, i.e., Clarks, Hush Puppies, would specify if pigskin is used in their products or not, in general, mostly suede products are pig sourced, for example the linings of shoes which use external cow hide leather, may use pig sourced linings. One may check with these companies by writing to them the source of the leather. It is relatively easy, however, to recognise pigskin, as it has nano (pin) holes on its skin. Below are some example figures showing the pinholes in the pigskin. Page 3 of 25

4 The Mercy of Allah for the Nation of Muhammad saww : و ق ال الص اد ق ع- ك ان ب ن و إ س ر ائ يل إ ذ ا أ ص اب أ ح د ه م ق ط ر ة ب و ل ق ر ض وا ل وم ه م ب ال م ق ار يض و ق د و س ع الل ه ع ز و ج ل ع ل ي ك م ب أ و س ع م ا ب ني الس م اء و ا ل ر ض و ج ع ل ل ك م ال م اء ط ه ورا ف ان ظ ر وا ك ي ف ت ك ون ون. And Al-Sadiq asws (the 6 th Imam asws ) said: It was so that the Children of Israel, whenever one of them was hit by urine, they would have to scratch off their skin with the scissors, but Allah azwj has Given you leeway with it which is more valuable than what is between the sky and the earth, and Made for you the water as a purifier, therefore watch out on how you are behaving (with gratefulness and submission). 1 There are several Ahadith on the quantities and conditions of the water as a purifier, which are out of scope of this article and are reported at other places 2, however one Hadith is reported here related to our topic. ب ع ض أ ص ح اب ن ا ع ن اب ن ج ه ور ع ن م م د ب ن ال ق اس م ع ن اب ن أ ب ي ع ف ور ع ن أ ب ع ب د الل ه ) عليه السالم ( ق ال ق ال ل ت غ ت س ل م ن ال ب ئ ر ال ت ت ت م ع ف يه ا غ س ال ة ا ل م ام ف إ ن ف يه ا غ س ال ة و ل د الز ن ا و ه و ل ي ط ه ر إ ل س ب ع ة آب اء و ف يه ا غ س ال ة الن اص ب و ه و ش ر ه ا إ ن الل ه ل ي ل ق خ ل قا ش ر ا م ن ال ك ل ب و إ ن الن اص ب أ ه و ن ع ل ى الل ه م ن ال ك ل ب One of our companions, from Ibn Jamhour, from Muhammad Bin Al Qasim, from Ibn Abu Yafour, (It has been narrated) from Abu Abd Allah asws having said: Do not wash from the reservoir (pond) wherein the used water of the bathhouse gathers to, for therein is the washing of the son of adultery (bastard), and he is not clean up to seven fathers (generations); and therein has washed the Hostile One (Nasibi), and he is more evil of the two. Allah azwj did not Create a creature more evil than the dog, and the Hostile One (Nasibi) is lower to Allah azwj than the dog. ق ل ت أ خ ب ن ع ن م اء ا ل م ام ي غ ت س ل م ن ه ا ل ن ب و الص ب و ال ي ه ود ي و الن ص ر ا ن و ال م ج وس ف ق ال إ ن م اء ا ل م ام ك م اء الن ه ر ي ط ه ر ب ع ض ه ب ع ضا. I said, Inform me about the water of the bathhouse (swimming pool). From it washes the one with sexual impurity, and the children, and the Jews, and the Christians, and the Magians. So he asws said: The water of the bathhouse is like the water of the river. Some of it purifies the other. 3 1.H 13, من ال يحضره الفقيه ج 1 ص: 10 2 See for example, Al-Kafi, Vol. 3, the Book of Cleanliness. 3 Al Kafi V 3 The Book of Cleanliness Ch 10 H 1 Page 4 of 25

5 Skin of the dead and pig are of the same Status: و ب إ س ن اد ه ع ن م م د ب ن أ ح د ب ن ي ي ع ن أ ب إ س ح اق ع ن ن وح ب ن ش ع ي ب ع ن ب ش ري ع ن ح ر يز ع ن ز ر ار ة ق ال : ق ل ت ل ب ع ب د الل ه ع ب ئ ر ق ط ر ت ف يه ا ق ط ر ة د م أ و خ ر ق ال الد م و ال م ر و ال م ي ت و ل م ال ن ز ير ف ذ ل ك ك ل ه و اح د ي ن ز ح م ن ه ع ش ر ون د ل وا ف إ ن غ ل ب الر يح ن ز ح ت ح ت ت ط يب. And by his chain, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Yahya, from Abu Is haq, from Nuh Bin Shuayb, from Bashir, from Hareez, from Zurara who said, I said to Abu Abd Allah asws, A well, a drop of blood drops into it, or wine. He asws said: The blood, and the wine, and the dead, and meat of the pig, regarding that, are all one. Twenty buckets should be drawn from it, then if the smell (still) overcomes, (more) would be drawn until it is good. 4 د ل وا. و ق د ت ق د م ح د يث ز ر ار ة ع ن أ ب ع ب د الل ه ع ق ال : الد م و ال م ر و ال م ي ت و ل م ال ن ز ير ف ذ ل ك ك ل ه و اح د ي ن ز ح م ن ه ا ع ش ر ون And a Hadeeth has preceded Zurara, From Abu Abd Allah asws having said: The blood, and the wine, and the dead, and meat of the pig, regarding that, all of it is one. Twenty buckets would be drained from it (a well if any of these falls into). 5 و ح د يث ز ر ار ة ق ال : الد م و ال م ر و ال م ي ت و ل م ال ن ز ير ف ذ ل ك ك ل ه و اح د ي ن ز ح م ن ه ا ع ش ر ون د ل وا. And a Hadeeth of Zurara He asws said: The blood, and the wine, and the dead, and the pig meat, regarding that, all of it is one. Twenty buckets would be drawn from it. 6 Salat is not Permissible on a leather praying Mat: أ ح د ب ن إ د ر يس ع ن م م د ب ن أ ح د ع ن الس ي ار ي ع ن أ ب ي ز يد ال ق س م و ق س م ح م ن ال ي م ن ب ال ب ص ر ة ع ن أ ب ا ل س ن الر ض ا ) عليه السالم ( أ ن ه س أ ل ه ع ن ج ل ود الد ار ش ال ت ي ت خ ذ م ن ه ا ال ف اف ق ال ف ق ال ل ت ص ل ف يه ا ف إ ن ه ا ت د ب غ ب ر ء ال ك ال ب. Ahmad Bin Idrees, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Al Sayyari, from Abu Yazeed Al Qasmy, and Qasam, it is a village on the way from Al Yemen with Al Basra, H. 446,وسائل الشيعة ج 1 ص: 179 H. 465,وسائل الشيعة ج 1 ص: 185 H. 500, و سائل الشيعة ج 1 ص: 194 Page 5 of 25

6 (It has been narrated) from Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza asws, having been asked about the skins of Al-Darish from which shoes are made. So he asws said: You cannot pray Salāt in it, for it is tanned with the excretion of dogs. 7 ع ل ب ن م م د و غ ي ر ه ع ن س ه ل ب ن ز ي اد ع ن ع ل ب ن الر ي ان ق ال ك ت ب ب ع ض أ ص ح اب ن ا إ ل ي ه ب ي د إ ب ر اه يم ب ن ع ق ب ة ي س أ ل ه ي ع ن أ ب ا ة ع ل ى ال م رة ال م د ن ي ة ف ك ت ب ص ل ف يه ا م ا ك ان م ع م و ل ب ي وط ة و ل ت ص ل ع ل ى م ا ك ان م ع م و ل ج ع ف ر ) عليه السالم ( ع ن الص ال ب س ي ور ة Ali Bin Muhammad, and someone else, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ali Bin Al Rayyan who said, One of our companions wrote to him asws by the hand of Ibrahim Bin Uqba, asking him asws, meaning Abu Ja far asws, about the Salāt upon the Khumra (a small piece of flax to perform Sajdah upon) of Al-Medina. So he asws wrote: Pray Salāt in whatever was woven with threads, but do not pray Salāt upon whatever was woven with (leather) stripes. ق ال ف ت و ق ف أ ص ح اب ن ا ف أ ن ش د ت ه م ب ي ت ش ع ر ل ت أ ب ط ش ر ا ال ع د و ا ن. ك أ ن ه ا خ ي وط ة م ار ي ت غ ار و ت ف ت ل و م ار ي ك ان ر ج ال ح ب ا ل ك ان ي ع م ل ال ي وط. He (the narrator) said, Our companions differed, so I composed a poem of Taabat Al- Adwany It is like the threads of Marie twisted and attached. And Marie was a man who was a weaver, and used to work with the threads. 8 ع د ة م ن أ ص ح اب ن ا ع ن س ه ل ب ن ز ي اد ع ن إ س اع يل ب ن م ه ر ان ع ن س ي ف ب ن ع م ري ة ع ن أ ب ع ب د الل ه ) عليه السالم ( ق ال ل ي ص ل ى ع ل ى ا ل ن از ة ب ذ اء و ل ب أ س ب ال ف. A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ismail Bin Mihran, from Sayf Bin Ameyra, (It has been narrated) from Abu Abd Allah asws having said: One cannot pray Salāt upon the deceased with the shoes on, but there is nothing wrong with the socks. 9 و م ن ه ع ن أ ب يه ع ن م م د ب ن ي ي ال ع ط ار و أ ح د ب ن إ د ر يس م عا ع ن أ ح د ب ن م م د ب ن ع يس ى و م م د ب ن ع يس ى ال ي ق طي ن م عا ع ن أ ي وب ب ن ن وح ر ف ع ه ق ال ق ال أ ب و ع ب د الل ه ع الص ال ة ف ال ز ال ال ص ل ي س ب ه ب أ س و أ م ا ال ذ ي ي ل ط ف يه ا ل ر ان ب أ و غ ري ه ا م ا 10 ي ش ب ه ه ذ ا ف ال ت ص ل ف يه. And from him, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Attar and Ahmad Bin Idrees, together, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, and Muhammad Bin Isa Al Yaqteeny, together, from Ayoub Bin Nuh, raising it, said, Abu Abd Allah asws said: The Salat in Al Khazz (skin of marten), the pure, there is no problem with it, and as for the one in which are mixed the rabbits, or others from what resembles it, so do not pray Salat in it Al Kafi V 3 The Book of Salāt CH 60 H 25 8 Al Kafi V 3 The Book of Salāt CH 27 H 7 9 Al Kafi V 3 The Book Of Funerals CH 45 H 2 10 ( 3 ( علل الشرائع ج 2 ص 46. Page 6 of 25

7 ال ع ل ل ع ن ع ل ب ن أ ح د ع ن م م د ب ن ع ب د الل ه ع ن م م د ب ن إ س اع يل ال ب م ك ر ف ع ه إ ل أ ب ع ب د الل ه ع ق ال : ل ت وز الص ال ة ف ش ع ر و و ب ر م ا ل ي ؤ ك ل ل م ه ل ن أ ك ث ر ه ا م س وخ. Al-Illal from Ali Bin Ahmad, from Muhammad Bin Abd Allah, from Muhammad Bin Ismail Al Barmakky, Raising it to Abu Abd Allah asws having said: The Salat is not allowed in hair, and fur of what cannot be eaten, because most of these are metamorphosed (creatures). 12 و م ن ه ع ن أ ب يه ع ن س ع د ب ن ع ب د الل ه ع ن أ ي وب ب ن ن وح ع ن ا ل س ن ب ن ع ل ال و ش اء ر ف ع ه ق ال : ك ان أ ب و ع ب د الل ه ع ي ك ر ه الص ال ة 13 ؤ ك ل ل م ه. ء ل ي ف و ب ر ك ل ش And from it, from his father, from Sa ad Bin Abd Allah, from Ayoub Bin Nuh, from Al-Hassan Bin Ali Al Washa, raising it, said, Abu Abd Allah asws used to dislike the Salat in fur of everything which cannot be eaten. 14 ف و ل ي ص ل ى ف ج ل ود ال م ي ت ة و ل ف ج ل ود الس ب اع و ل ي وز أ ن ي ق ول And do not pray while you are wearing skins of dead animals or beasts (an Extract). 15 م م د ب ن ي ي ع ن أ ح د ب ن م م د ع ن م م د ب ن خ ال د ع ن إ س اع يل ب ن س ع د ا ل ح و ص ق ال س أ ل ت أ ب ا ا ل س ن الر ض ا ) عليه السالم ( ع ن الص ال ة ف ج ل ود الس ب اع ف ق ال ل ت ص ل ف يه ا Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Khalid, from Ismail Bin Sa ad Al Ahows who said, I asked Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza asws about the Salāt in the skins of the predatory animals. So he asws said: Do not pray Salāt in it. ق ال و س أ ل ت ه ه ل ي ص ل الر ج ل ف ث و ب إ ب ر يس م ف ق ال ل. He (the narrator) said, And I asked him asws, Can the man pray Salāt in a silken cloth? So he asws said: No H, بار ا لنوار )ط - بريوت( ج 80 ص: 218 H. 4, بار ا لنو ار )ط - بريوت( ج 80 ص: 221 ) 2 ( علل الشرائع ج 2 ص 31. H. 5, بار ا لنوار )ط - بريوت( ج 80 ص: 221 H. 1 Vol. 2, Chapter 35,,عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السالم ج 2 ص: Al Kafi V 3 The Book of Salāt CH 60 H 12 Page 7 of 25

8 Riding on Skins of dead/harram Animals (i.e., Vehicle seats): عليها. عنه عن على بن أسباط عن على بن جعفر عن أخيه قال: سألت عن ركوب جلود السباع - قال: ل بأس ما ل يسجد From him, from Ali Bin Asbaat, (It has been narrated) from Ali son of Ja far asws, from his brother asws (7 th Imam asws ), said, I asked him asws about the riding upon the wild animal skins? He asws said: There is no problem as long as it is not Prostrated upon. 17 عنه عن عثمان عن ساعة قال: سئل أبو عبد اهلل )ع( من جلود السباع فقال: اركبوا و ل تلبسوا شيئا منها تصلون فيه. From him, from Usman, from Sama at who said, Abu Abd Allah asws was asked about the skins of the wild animals? So he asws said: Ride (upon it) but do not wear anything from these which you are Praying in it. 18 ع د ة م ن أ ص ح اب ن ا ع ن أ ح د ب ن م م د ب ن خ ال د ع ن ع ث م ان ب ن ع يس ى ع ن س اع ة ق ال س ئ ل أ ب و ع ب د الل ه ) عليه السالم ( ع ن ج ل ود الس ب اع ف ق ال ار ك ب وه ا و ل ت ل ب س وا ش ي ئا م ن ه ا ت ص ل ون ف يه. A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Khalid, from Usman Bin Isa, from Sama at who said, Abu Abd Allah asws was asked about skins of the predatory animals, so he asws said: Ride in them but do not wear anything from these while offering Salāt (Praying in them). 19 ع د ة م ن أ ص ح اب ن ا ع ن أ ح د ب ن م م د ب ن خ ال د ع ن ع ث م ان ب ن ع يس ى ع ن س اع ة ق ال س ئ ل أ ب و ع ب د الل ه ) عليه السالم ( ع ن ج ل ود الس ب اع ف ق ال ار ك ب وه ا و ل ت ل ب س وا ش ي ئا م ن ه ا ت ص ل ون ف يه. A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Khalid, from Usman Bin Isa, from Sama at who said, Abu Abd Allah asws was asked about skins of the predatory animals, so he asws said: Ride in them but do not wear anything from these while offering Salāt (Praying in them). 20 ع ل ب ن م م د ع ن ع ب د الل ه ب ن إ س ح اق ال ع ل و ي ع ن ا ل س ن ب ن ع ل ع ن م م د ب ن س ل ي م ان الد ي ل م ع ن ع ي ث م ب ن أ س ل م الن ج اش ع ن أ ب ب ص ري ق ال س أ ل ت أ ب ا ع ب د الل ه ) عليه السالم ( ع ن الص ال ة ف ال ف ر اء ق ال ك ان ع ل ب ن ا ل س ني ) صلوات اهلل عليه ( ر ج ال ص ر دا ل ت د ف ئ ه ف ر اء ا ل ج از ل ن د ب اغ ت ه ا ب ال ق ر ف ك ان ي ب ع ث إ ل ال ع ر اق ف ي ؤ ت ى م ا ق ب ل ه م ب ال ف ر و ف ي ل ب س ه ف إ ذ ا ح ض ر ت الص ال ة أ ل ق اه 17 Al Mahaasin V 2 Bk 6 H Al Mahaasin V 2 Bk 6 H Al Kafi V 6 The Book of Domestic Animals Ch 3 H 2 20 Al Kafi V 6 The Book of Domestic Animals Ch 3 H 2 Page 8 of 25

9 و أ ل ق ى ال ق م يص ال ذ ي ت ت ه ال ذ ي ي ل يه ف ك ان ي س أ ل ع ن ذ ل ك ف ق ال إ ن أ ه ل ال ع ر اق ي س ت ح ل ون ل ب اس ا ل ل ود ال م ي ت ة و ي ز ع م ون أ ن د ب اغ ه ذ ك ات ه. Ali Bin Muhammad, from Abd Allah Bin Is haq Al Alawy, from Al Hassan Bin Ali, from Muhammad Bin Suleyman Al Daylami, from Aysam Bin Aslam Al Najjashy, from Abu Baseer who said, I asked Abu Abd Allah asws about the Salāt in the furs. He asws said: It was so that Ali asws Bin Al- Husayn asws was sensitive to cold. The furs of Al-Hijaz were not sufficiently (warm) for him asws because its tanning was it with tree sap. So he asws used to send someone to Al-Iraq, and he would come with it from what was accepted to him asws with the furs, and he asws would wear it. So when the (time for) Salāt came up, he asws would remove it and remove the shirt which was underneath it. So he asws was asked about that, and he asws said: The people of Al-Iraq are considering as Permissible, wearing the skins of the dead (animals), and they are claiming that tanning it, purifies it. 21 ع ل ب ن إ ب ر اه يم ع ن أ ح د ب ن ع ب د يل ع ن اب ن س ن ان ع ن ع ب د الل ه ب ن ج ن د ب ع ن س ف ي ان ب ن الس م ط ع ن أ ب ع ب د الل ه ) عليه السالم ( ق ال الر ج ل إ ذ ا ات ز ر ب ث و ب و اح د إ ل ث ن د و ت ه ص ل ى ف يه Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Ahmad Bin Ibdeel, form Ibn Sinan, from Abd Allah Bin Jundab, from Sufyan Bin Al Simt, (It has been narrated) from Abu Abd Allah asws having said: The man, when he wears a trouser with one cloth up to his chest, he can pray Salāt in it. ق ال و ق ر أ ت ف ك ت اب م م د ب ن إ ب ر اه يم إ ل أ ب ا ل س ن ) عليه السالم ( ي س أ ل ه ع ن ال ف ن ك ي ص ل ى ف يه ف ك ت ب ل ب أ س ب ه He (the narrator) said, And I read in a letter of Muhammad Bin Ibrahim to Abu Al- Hassan asws, asking him asws about the fennec fox, can one pray Salāt in it? So he asws wrote: There is no problem with it. و ك ت ب ي س أ ل ه ع ن ج ل ود ا ل ر ان ب ف ك ت ب ) عليه السالم ( م ك ر وه And I wrote asking him about the skins of the rabbits, so he asws wrote: It is disliked. و ك ت ب ي س أ ل ه ع ن ث و ب ح ش و ه ق ز ي ص ل ى ف يه ف ك ت ب ل ب أ س ب ه. And I wrote asking him asws about the cloth lined with silk, can one pray Salāt in it? So he asws wrote: There is no problem with it. 22 ا ل س ني ب ن م م د ع ن م ع ل ى ب ن م م د ع ن م م د ب ن ع ب د الل ه ال و اس ط ع ن ق اس م الص ي ق ل ق ال ك ت ب ت إ ل الر ض ا ) عليه السالم ( أ ن أ ع م ل أ غ م اد الس ي وف م ن ج ل ود ا ل م ر ال م ي ت ة ف ي ص يب ث ي ا ب ف أ ص ل ف يه ا ف ك ت ب ) عليه السالم ( إ ل ا ت ذ ث و با ل ص ال ت ك Al Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Moalla Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Abd Allah Al Wasity, from Qasim Al Sayqal who said, 21 Al Kafi V 3 The Book of Salāt CH 60 H 2 22 Al Kafi V 3 The Book of Salāt CH 60 H 15 Page 9 of 25

10 I wrote to Al-Reza asws, I manufacture the sheaths for the swords from the skins of dead donkeys, and my clothes get hit. So can I pray Salāt in these? So he asws wrote to me: Take (other) clothes for your Salāt. ف ك ت ب ت إ ل أ ب ج ع ف ر الث ا ن ) عليه السالم ( ك ن ت ك ت ب ت إ ل أ ب يك ) عليه السالم ( ب ك ذ ا و ك ذ ا ف ص ع ب ع ل ذ ل ك ف ص ر ت أ ع م ل ه ا م ن ج ل ود ا ل م ر ال و ح ش ي ة الذ ك ي ة ف ك ت ب ) عليه السالم ( إ ل ك ل أ ع م ال ال ب ب الص ب ي ر ح ك الل ه ف إ ن ك ان م ا ت ع م ل و ح ش ي ا ذ ك ي ا ف ال ب أ س. So I wrote to Abu Ja far asws the 2 nd, I had written to your asws father asws with such and such. So that was difficult upon me, so I started making these from the skinks of wild donkey properly slaughtered. So he asws wrote to me: Every righteous work is with the patience. May Allah azwj have Mercy on you asws. So it was such that what you are making is of wild (donkeys), slaughtered, so there is no problem. 23 م م د ب ن ي ي ع ن أ ح د ب ن م م د ع ن ع ل ب ن م ه ز ي ار ق ال س أ ل ت الر ج ل ع ن ال م ح ر م ي ش ر ب ال م اء م ن ق ر ب ة أ و س ق اء ا ت ذ م ن ج ل ود الص ي د ه ل ي وز ذ ل ك أ م ل ف ق ال ي ش ر ب م ن ج ل ود ه ا. Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Mahziyar who said, I asked the man asws about the one in Ihraam drinking the water from a bottle or a water container taken from the skin of the hunted prey. Is that allowed or not? So he asws said: He can drink from its skin. 24 ب ع ض أ ص ح اب ن ا ع ن ع ل ب ن أ س ب اط ع ن أ ب م ل د الس ر اج ق ال ك ن ت ع ن د أ ب ع ب د الل ه ) عليه السالم ( إ ذ د خ ل ع ل ي ه م ع ت ب ف ق ال ر ج ال ن ب ال ب اب ف ق ال أ د خ ل ه م ا ف د خ ال ف ق ال أ ح د ه ا إ ن ر ج ل س ر اج أ ب يع ج ل ود الن م ر ف ق ال م د ب وغ ة ه ق ال ن ع م ق ال ل ي س ب ه ب أ س. One of our companions, from Ali Bin Asbaat, from Abu Makhlad Al Sarraj who said, I was in the presence of Abu Abd Allah asws when Moattab came over to him asws and said, Two men are at the door. So he asws said: Let them in. So they both entered. So one of the two said, I am a saddle makers selling the tiger skins. So he asws said: Are these tanned? He replied, Yes. He (the Imam asws ) said: There is no problem with it. 25 م م د ب ن ي ي ع ن أ ح د ب ن م م د ع ن م م د ب ن ع يس ى ع ن أ ب ال ق اس م الص ي ق ل ق ال ك ت ب ت إ ل ي ه ق و ائ م الس ي وف ال ت ت س م ى الس ف ن أ ت ذ ه ا م ن ج ل ود الس م ك ف ه ل ي وز ال ع م ل ل ا و ل س ن ا ن أ ك ل ل وم ه ا ف ك ت ب ) عليه السالم ( ل ب أ س. Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Abu Al Qasim Al Sayqal who said, 23 Al Kafi V 3 The Book of Salāt CH 61 H Al Kafi V 4 The Book of Hajj Ch 115 H 9 25 Al Kafi V 5 The Book of Subsistence Ch 102 H 9 Page 10 of 25

11 I wrote to him asws, The studding of the swords which are names as Al-Saffan, having been taken from the fish skins, so is it allowed to be working on it and we do not eat its flesh? So he asws wrote: There is no problem. 26 أ ب و ع ل ا ل ش ع ر ي ع ن م م د ب ن ع ب د ا ل ب ار ع ن ص ف و ان ب ن ي ي ع ن ع ب د الر ح ن ب ن ا ل ج اج ق ال س أ ل أ ب ا ع ب د الل ه ) عليه السالم ( ر ج ل و أ ن ا ع ن د ه ع ن ج ل ود ال ز ف ق ال ل ي س ب ا ب أ س ف ق ال الر ج ل ج ع ل ت ف د اك إ ن ه ا ف ب ال د ي و إ ن ا ه ك ال ب ت ر ج م ن ال م اء ف ق ال أ ب و ع ب د الل ه ) عليه السالم ( إ ذ ا خ ر ج ت م ن ال م اء ت ع يش خ ار ج ة م ن ال م اء ف ق ال الر ج ل ل ق ال ف ال ب أ س. Abu Ali Al Ashary, from Muhammad Bin Abdul Jabbar, from Safwan Bin Yahya, from Abdul Rahman Bin Al Hajjaj who said, A man asked Abu Abd Allah asws and I was in his asws presence, about Al-Khazz (Otter-skin?) dress. So he asws said: There is no problem with it. So the man said, May I be sacrificed for you asws! These are dogs coming out from the water. So Abu Abd Allah asws said: When it comes out from the water, does it live outside the water? So the man said, No. He asws said, So there is no problem. 27 ع ن ه ع ن أ ب يه ع ن س ع د ب ن س ع د ق ال س أ ل ت الر ض ا ) عليه السالم ( ع ن ج ل ود ال ز ف ق ال ه و ذ ا ن ل ب س ال ز ف ق ل ت ج ع ل ت ف د اك ذ اك ال و ب ر ف ق ال إ ذ ا ح ل و ب ر ه ح ل ج ل د ه. From him, from his father, from Sa ad Bin Sa ad who said, I asked Al-Reza asws about the skin of Al-Khazz (Otter?), so he asws said: It is that Al-Khazz which we asws wear. So I said, May I be sacrificed for you asws! That is the fur? So he asws said: When its fur is Permissible, so its skin is Permissible (to wear). 28 ع ن ه ع ن ج ع ف ر ب ن ع يس ى ق ال ك ت ب ت إ ل أ ب ا ل س ن الر ض ا ) عليه السالم ( أ س أ ل ه ع ن الد و اب ال ت ي ع م ل ال ز م ن و ب ر ه ا أ س ب اع ه ف ك ت ب ) عليه السالم ( ل ب س ال ز ا ل س ني ب ن ع ل و م ن ب ع د ه ج د ي ) عليهما السالم (. From him, from Ja far Bin Isa who said, I wrote to Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza asws asking him asws about the animals from which Al-Khazz is made, from their fur, is it a predator? So he asws wrote: Al-Husayn asws Bin Ali asws wore Al- Khazz, and from after him asws, my asws grandfather asws. 29 No benefit in the skin nor the backbone of the dead Animals: ع ل ب ن إ ب ر اه يم ع ن ال م خ ت ار ب ن م م د ب ن ال م خ ت ار و م م د ب ن ا ل س ن ع ن ع ب د الل ه ب ن ا ل س ن ال ع ل و ي ج يعا ع ن ال ف ت ح ب ن ي ز يد ا ل ر ج ا ن ع ن أ ب ا ل س ن ) عليه السالم ( ق ال ك ت ب ت إ ل ي ه ) عليه السالم ( أ س أ ل ه ع ن ج ل ود ال م ي ت ة ال ت ي ؤ ك ل ل م ه ا إ ن ذ ك ف ك ت ب 26 Al Kafi V 5 The Book of Subsistence Ch 102 H Al Kafi V 6 The Book of Outfits and the Beautification and the Magnanimity Ch 9 H 3 28 Al Kafi V 6 The Book of Outfits and the Beautification and the Magnanimity Ch 9 H 7 29 Al Kafi V 6 The Book of Outfits and the Beautification and the Magnanimity Ch 9 H 8 Page 11 of 25

12 ل ي ن ت ف ع م ن ال م ي ت ة ب إ ه اب و ل ع ص ب و ك ل م ا ك ان م ن الس خ ال م ن الص وف إ ن ج ز و الش ع ر و ال و ب ر و ا ل ن ف ح ة و ال ق ر ن و ل ي ت ع د ى إ ل غ ري ه ا إ ن ش اء الل ه. Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Al Mukhtar Bin Muhammad Bin Al Mukhtar, and Muhammad Bin Al Hassan, from Abd Allah Bin Al Hassan Al Alawy, altogether from Al Fat h Bin Yazeed Al Jurjany, (It has been narrated) from Abu Al-Hassan asws having said: I wrote to him asws asking him asws about the skins of the dead whose meat is eaten, if it is clean. So he asws wrote: Do not benefit from the death with neither the skin nor the backbone, and (benefit from) everything what was from the items from the wool if sheared, and the hair, and the fur, and the rennet, and the horn, and do not exceed to other than these, Allah azwj Willing. 30 م م د ب ن ي ي ع ن ال ع م ر ك ب ن ع ل ع ن ع ل ب ن ج ع ف ر ع ن م وس ى ب ن ج ع ف ر ) عليه السالم ( ق ال س أ ل ت ه ع ن الر ج ل ي ص يب ث و ب ه خ ن ز ير ف ل م ي غ س ل ه ف ذ ك ر ذ ل ك و ه و ف ص ال ت ه ك ي ف ي ص ن ع ق ال إ ن ك ان د خ ل ف ص ال ت ه ف ل ي م ض و إ ن ل ي ك ن د خ ل ف ص ال ت ه ف ل ي ن ض ح م ا أ ص اب م ن ث و ب ه إ ل أ ن ي ك ون ف يه أ ث ر ف ي غ س ل ه. Muhammad Bin yahya, from Al Amraky Bin Ali, (It has been narrated) from Ali son of Ja far asws, from Musa Bin Ja far asws, said, I asked him asws about the man whose clothes were hit by a pig, but he did not wash it, and he remembered that while he was in his Salat. How should he deal with it? He asws said: If he had already entered into his Salat, so let him continue; and if he had not yet entered into his Salat, so let him sprinkle upon his clothes whatever had been it (touched upon), except if there happen to be traces therein, so he should wash it. 31 م م د ب ن ي ي ع ن أ ح د ب ن م م د ع ن م م د ب ن ي ي ع ن غ ي اث ب ن إ ب ر اه يم ع ن أ ب يه ع ن أ ب ع ب د الل ه ) عليه السالم ( ق ال ي ق ت ل ال م ح ر م الز ن ب ور و الن س ر و ا ل س و د ال غ د ر و الذ ئ ب و م ا خ اف أ ن ي ع د و ع ل ي ه و ق ال ال ك ل ب ال ع ق ور ه و الذ ئ ب. Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Giyas Bin Ibrahim, from his father, (It has been narrated) from Abu Abd Allah asws having said: The one in Ihraam can kill the wasp, and the eagle, and the treacherous black snake, and the wolf, and whatever he fears if it pursues him. And he asws said: The vicious dog, it is the wolf. 32 م م د ب ن ي ي ع ن أ ح د ب ن م م د ع ن اب ن م ب وب ع ن ع اص م ب ن ح ي د ع ن ع ل ب ن أ ب ال م غ ري ة ق ال ق ل ت ل ب ع ب د الل ه ) عليه ء ف ق ال ل ق ل ت ب ل غ ن ا أ ن ر س ول الل ه ) صلى اهلل عليه وآله ( م ر ب ش اة م ي ت ة ف ق ال م ا السالم ( ج ع ل ت ف د اك ال م ي ت ة ي ن ت ف ع م ن ه ا ب ش ك ان ع ل ى أ ه ل ه ذ ه الش اة إ ذ ا ل ي ن ت ف ع وا ب ل ح م ه ا أ ن ي ن ت ف ع وا ب إ ه ا ب ا ق ال ت ل ك ش اة ك ان ت ل س و د ة ب ن ت ز م ع ة ز و ج الن ب ) صلى اهلل عليه وآله ( و ك ان ت ش اة م ه ز ول ة ل ي ن ت ف ع ب ل ح م ه ا ف ت ر ك وه ا ح ت م ات ت ف ق ال ر س ول الل ه ) صلى اهلل عليه وآله ( م ا ك ان ع ل ى أ ه ل ه ا إ ذ ا ل ي ن ت ف ع وا ب ل ح م ه ا أ ن ي ن ت ف ع وا ب إ ه ا ب ا أ ي ت ذ ك ى. 30 Al Kafi V 6 The Book of Foodstuffs Ch 9 H 6 31 Al Kafi V 3 The Book of Cleanliness Ch 39 H 6 32 Al Kafi V 4 The Book of Hajj Ch 97 H 4 Page 12 of 25

13 Muhammad Bin Yahya, form Ahmad Bin Muhammad, form Ibn Mahboub, from Aasim Bin Humeyd, from Ali Bin Abu Al Mugra who said, I said to Abu Abd Allah asws, May I be sacrificed for you asws! The dead, can one benefit from it with anything. So he asws said: No. I said, It has reached us that Rasool-Allah saww passed by a dead sheep, so he saww said: What was upon the owners of this sheep that when they could not benefit by its flesh, that they did not benefit from its skin? He asws said: That was a sheep of Sawda Bin Zam at, wife of the Prophet saww, and it was thin and weak, could not be benefit by its flesh. So she left it until it was dead. So Rasool-Allah saww said: What was upon the owners of this sheep that when they could not benefit by its flesh, that they did not benefit from its skin? i.e., slaughtering it. 33 The Dogs: ع ل ب ن إ ب ر اه يم ع ن أ ب يه ع ن الن و ف ل ع ن الس ك و ن ع ن أ ب ع ب د الل ه ) عليه السالم ( ق ال ق ال أ م ري ال م ؤ م ن ني ) عليه السالم ( ال ك ل ب ا ل س و د ال ب ه يم ل ي ؤ ك ل ص ي د ه ل ن ر س ول الل ه ) عليه السالم ( أ م ر ب ق ت ل ه. Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Al Nowfaly, from Al Sakuny, (It has been narrated) from Abu Abd Allah asws having said: Amir Al-Momineen asws said: The black dog is the beast, do not eat from its prey because Rasool-Allah saww ordered with its killing. 34 ا ) ع د ة م ن أ ص ح اب ن ا ع ن أ ح د ب ن م م د و م م د ب ن ي ي ع ن ع ب د الل ه ب ن م م د ع ن ع ل ب ن ا ل ك م ع ن أ ب ان ع ن ز ر ار ة ع ن أ ح د ه عليهما السالم ( ق ال ال ك ال ب الس ود ال ب ه يم م ن ا ل ن. A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, and Muhammad Bin yahya, from Abd Allah Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Aban, from Zurara, (It has been narrated) from one of the two (5 th or 6 th Imam asws ) having said: The dogs, entirely black, are from the Jinn. 35 م م د ب ن ي ي ع ن م م د ب ن ا ل س ني ع ن م م د ب ن إ س اع يل ع ن ع ل ب ن ا ل ك م ع ن م ال ك ب ن ع ط ي ة ع ن أ ب ح ز ة الث م ا ل ق ال ك ن ت م ع أ ب ع ب د الل ه ) عليه السالم ( ف يم ا ب ني م ك ة و ال م د ين ة إ ذ ا ال ت ف ت ع ن ي س ار ه ف إ ذ ا ك ل ب أ س و د ب يم ف ق ال م ا ل ك ق ب ح ك الل ه م ا أ ش د م س ار ع ت ك و إ ذ ا ه و ش ب يه ب الط ائ ر ف ق ل ت م ا ه ذ ا ج ع ل ت ف د اك ف ق ال ه ذ ا غ ث ي م ب ر يد ا ل ن م ات ه ش ام الس اع ة و ه و ي ط ري ي ن ع اه ف ك ل ب ل د ة. Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn, from Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Maalik Bin Atiyya, from Abu Hamza Al Sumaly who said, 33 Al Kafi V 6 The Book of Foodstuffs Ch 9 H 7 34 Al Kafi V 6 The Book of Hunting Ch 1 H Al Kafi V 6 The Book of Domestic Animals Ch 12 H 7 Page 13 of 25

14 I was with Abu Abd Allah asws in what is between Makkah and Al-Medina, when he asws turned to his asws left, so there was an entirely black dog. So he asws said: What is the matter with you? Allah azwj Made you ugly, how fiercely you rush! And it was the resemblance of a bird. So I said, What is this? May I be sacrificed for you asws. So he asws said: This is Gusaym, a postman of the Jinn. Hisham died at this time, and he (turned himself into) a bird notifying it in every city. 36 ع د ة م ن أ ص ح اب ن ا ع ن س ه ل ب ن ز ي اد ع ن م م د ب ن ا ل س ن ب ن ش ون ع ن ع ب د الل ه ب ن ع ب د الر ح ن ع ن م س م ع ع ن أ ب ع ب د الل ه ) ء م ن ه ا صلوات اهلل عليه ( ق ال ق ال ر س ول الل ه ) صلى اهلل عليه وآله ( ال ك ال ب م ن ض ع ف ة ا ل ن ف إ ذ ا أ ك ل أ ح د ك م الط ع ام و ش ب ني ي د ي ه ف ل ي ط ع م ه أ و ل ي ط ر د ه ف إ ن ل ا أ ن ف س س و ء. A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Shamoun, from Abd Allah Bin Abdul Rahman, from Misma a, (It has been narrated) from Abu Abd Allah asws having said: Rasool-Allah saww said: The dogs are from the weak ones of the Jinn. So when one of you is eating the meal, and there is something from it in front of him, so let him feed it or let him repel it, for it has an evil self for it. 37 م م د ب ن ي ي ع ن م م د ب ن ا ل س ني ع ن ع ب د الر ح ن ب ن أ ب ه اش م ع ن س ا ل ب ن أ ب س ل م ة ع ن أ ب ع ب د الل ه ) عليه السالم ( ق ال س ئ ل ع ن ال ك ال ب ف ق ال ك ل أ س و د ب يم و ك ل أ ح ر ب يم و ك ل أ ب ي ض ب يم ف ذ ل ك خ ل ق م ن ال ك ال ب م ن ا ل ن و م ا ك ان أ ب ل ق ف ه و م س خ م ن ا ل ن و ا ل ن س. Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn, from Abdul Rahman Bin Abu Hashim, from Salim Bin Abu Salma, (It has been narrated) from Abu Abd Allah asws, said, He asws was asked about the dogs, so he asws said: Every entirely black one, and every entirely red one, and every entirely white one, so that is a creature from the dogs from the Jinn, and whatever was speckled, so it is one morphed from the Jinn and the humans. 38 ع د ة م ن أ ص ح اب ن ا ع ن س ه ل ب ن ز ي اد ع ن اب ن أ ب ن ر ان ع ن ع اص م ب ن ح ي د ع ن أ ب س ه ل ال ق ر ش ق ال س أ ل ت أ ب ا ع ب د الل ه ) عليه السالم ( ع ن ل م ال ك ل ب ف ق ال ه و م س خ ق ل ت ه و ح ر ام ق ال ه و ن س أ ع يد ه ا ع ل ي ه ث ال ث م ر ات ك ل ذ ل ك ي ق ول ه و ن س. A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ibn Abu Najran, from Aasim Bin Humeyd, from Abu Sahl Al Qurshy who said, I asked Abu Abd Allah asws about meat of the dog. So he asws said: It is a morphed (creature). I said, It is Prohibited? He asws said: It is unclean. I re-iterated over it three times, during each of that he asws was saying: It is unclean Al Kafi V 6 The Book of Domestic Animals Ch 12 H 8 37 Al Kafi V 6 The Book of Domestic Animals Ch 12 H 9 38 Al Kafi V 6 The Book of Domestic Animals Ch 12 H Al Kafi V 6 The Book of Foodstuffs Ch 2 H 6 Page 14 of 25

15 م م د ب ن ي ي ع ن أ ح د ب ن م م د ب ن ع يس ى ع ن ي وس ف ب ن ع ق يل ع ن م م د ب ن ق ي س ع ن أ ب ج ع ف ر ) عليه السالم ( ق ال ق ال أ م ري ال م ؤ م ن ني ) صلوات اهلل عليه ( ل خ ي ر ف ال ك ال ب إ ل ك ل ب ص ي د أ و ك ل ب م اش ي ة. Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Yusuf Bin Aqeel, from Muhammad Bin Qays, (It has been narrated) from Abu Ja far asws having said: Amir Al-Momineen asws said: There is no goodness in the dogs except for the hunting dog, or a walking dog. 40 The Parts of animals which are cut-off (while its alive): ع د ة م ن أ ص ح اب ن ا ع ن س ه ل ب ن ز ي اد ع ن أ ح د ب ن م م د ب ن أ ب ن ص ر ع ن ال ك اه ل ق ال س أ ل ر ج ل أ ب ا ع ب د الل ه ) عليه السالم ( و أ ن ا ع ن د ه ي و ما ع ن ق ط ع أ ل ي ات ال غ ن م ف ق ال ل ب أ س ب ق ط ع ه ا إ ذ ا ك ن ت ت ص ل ح ب ا م ال ك ث ق ال ) عليه السالم ( إ ن ف ك ت اب ع ل ) عليه السالم ( أ ن م ا ق ط ع م ن ه ا م ي ت ل ي ن ت ف ع ب ه. A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Abu Nasr, from Al Kahily who said, One day a man asked Abu Abd Allah asws and I was in his asws presence about cutting off the tails of the sheep. So he asws said: There is no problem with cutting it when it corrects with it. Then he asws said: In the Book of Ali asws is: Whatever is cut-off from it is dead, do not benefit by it. 41 ا ل س ني ب ن م م د ع ن م ع ل ى ب ن م م د ع ن ا ل س ن ب ن ع ل ق ال س أ ل ت أ ب ا ا ل س ن ) عليه السالم ( ف ق ل ت ل ه ج ع ل ت ف د اك إ ن أ ه ل ا ل ب ل ت ث ق ل ع ن د ه م أ ل ي ات ال غ ن م ف ي ق ط ع ون ه ا ف ق ال ح ر ام ه ف ق ل ت ج ع ل ت ف د اك ف ن ص ط ب ح ب ا ف ق ال أ م ا ع ل م ت أ ن ه ي ص يب ال ي د و الث و ب و ه و ح ر ام. Al Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Moala Bin Muhammad, from Al Hassan Bin Ali who said, I asked Abu Al-Hassan asws, so I said to him asws, May I be sacrificed for you asws! The people of the mountains, the tails of the sheep get heavy in their presence so they are cutting these off. So he asws said: It is Prohibited. So I said, May I be sacrificed for you asws! We are lighting the fires with these. So he asws said: But do you not know that if it hits the hand and the clothes, and it is Prohibited? Al Kafi V 6 The Book of Domestic Animals Ch 12 H 4 41 Al Kafi V 6 The Book of Foodstuffs Ch 8 H 1 42 Al Kafi V 6 The Book of Foodstuffs Ch 8 H 3 Page 15 of 25

16 Those parts which Grow can be used from dead Animals: و ف ر و اي ة ص ف و ان ع ن ا ل س ني ب ن ز ر ار ة ع ن أ ب ع ب د الل ه ) عليه السالم ( ق ال الش ع ر و الص وف و ال و ب ر و الر يش و ك ل ن اب ت ل ي ك ون م ي تا ق ال و س أ ل ت ه ع ن ال ب ي ض ة ت ر ج م ن ب ط ن الد ج اج ة ال م ي ت ة ق ال ت أ ك ل ه ا. And in a report of Safwan, from Al Husayn Bin Zurara, (It has been narrated) from Abu Abd Allah asws having said: The hair, and the wool, and the fur, and the feathers, and everything which grows does not happen to be dead. And I asked him asws about the eggs extracted from the belly of the dead chicken. He asws said: You can eat it. 43 ع ل ب ن إ ب ر اه يم ع ن أ ب يه ع ن ح اد ع ن ح ر يز ق ال ق ال أ ب و ع ب د الل ه ) عليه السالم ( ل ز ر ار ة و م م د ب ن م س ل م الل و الل ب أ و ال ب ي ض ة ء ي ف ص ل م ن الش اة و الد اب ة ف ه و ذ ك و إ ن أ خ ذ ت ه م ن ه ا ب ع د أ ن ت وت و الش ع ر و الص وف و ال ق ر ن و الن اب و ا ل اف ر و ك ل ش ف اغ س ل ه و ص ل ف يه. Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Hammad, from Hareyz who said, Abu Abd Allah asws said to Zurara and Muhammad Bin Muslim: The milk, and the colostrum s, and the eggs, and the hair, and the wool, and the horns, and the teeth, and the hooves, and everything separated from the sheep and the animals, so it is clean, and if it is taken from it after it has died, so wash it and Pray in it. 44 Cheese Made from Rennet (from animal source): ع ل ب ن إ ب ر اه يم ع ن أ ب يه ع ن ح ن ان ب ن س د ير ق ال س ئ ل أ ب و ع ب د الل ه ) عليه السالم ( و أ ن ا ح اض ر ع ن د ه ع ن ج د ي ي ر ض ع م ن خ ن ز ير ة ح ت ك ب و ش ب و اش ت د ع ظ م ه ث إ ن ر ج ال اس ت ف ح ل ه ف غ ن م ه ف أ خ ر ج ل ه ن س ل ف ق ال أ م ا م ا ع ر ف ت م ن ن س ل ه ب ع ي ن ه ف ال ت ق ر ب ن ه و أ م ا م ا ل ت ع ر ف ه ف ك ل ه ف ه و ب ن ز ل ة ا ل و ل ت س أ ل ع ن ه. Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Hanan Bin Sudeyr who said, Abu Abd Allah asws was asked and I was there in his asws presence, about a baby goat which was breast-fed from a female pig until it was big, and a youth, and its bones were strong. Then a man grew him among his flock, so there came out a lineage for it. So he asws said: As for what is recognised from its lineage exactly, so do not go near it, and as for what is not recognised, so eat it, for it is at the status of the cheese, and do not ask about it Al Kafi V 6 The Book of Foodstuffs Ch 9 H 3 44 Al Kafi V 6 The Book of Foodstuffs Ch 9 H 4 45 Al Kafi V 6 The Book of Foodstuffs Ch 5 H 1 Page 16 of 25

17 ف ق ال ل ه ق ت اد ة ص د ق ت و الل ه ج ع ل ن الل ه ف د اك و الل ه م ا ه ب ي وت ح ج ار ة و ل ط ني ق ال ق ت اد ة ف أ خ ب ن ع ن ا ل ق ال ف ت ب س م أ ب و ج ع ف ر ) عليه السالم ( ث ق ال ر ج ع ت م س ائ ل ك إ ل ه ذ ا ق ال ض ل ت ع ل ف ق ال ل ب أ س ب ه ف ق ال إ ن ه ر ب ا ج ع ل ت ف يه إ ن ف ح ة ال م ي ت ق ال ل ي س ب ا ب أ س إ ن ا ل ن ف ح ة ل ي س ل ا ع ر وق و ل ف يه ا د م و ل ل ا ع ظ م إ ن ا ت ر ج م ن ب ني ف ر ث و د م So Qatada said to him asws, You asws have spoken the truth, by Allah azwj, may Allah azwj Make me to be sacrificed for you! By Allah azwj, these are neither houses of stones nor of clay. Qatada said, So inform me about the cheese. He (Abu Hamza) said, So Abu Ja far asws smiled, then said: Your questions have reverted to this? He said, (It is) lost upon me. So he asws said: There is no problem with it. So he said, Sometimes they put rennet of the dead in it? He asws said: There is no problem with it. The rennet, there are no veins for it, nor is there blood in it, nor does it have bones for it, but rather it is extracted from between the bowels and blood. ث ق ال و إ ن ا ا ل ن ف ح ة ب ن ز ل ة د ج اج ة م ي ت ة أ خ ر ج ت م ن ه ا ب ي ض ة ف ه ل ت ؤ ك ل ت ل ك ال ب ي ض ة ف ق ال ق ت اد ة ل و ل آم ر ب أ ك ل ه ا ف ق ال ل ه أ ب و ال ب ي ض ة ف خ رج ت م ن ه ا د ج اج ة أ ت أ ك ل ه ا ق ال ن ع م ق ال ج ع ف ر ) عليه السالم ( و ل ف ق ال ل ن ه ا م ن ال م ي ت ة ق ال ل ه ف إ ن ح ض ن ت ت ل ك ف م ا ح ر م ع ل ي ك ال ب ي ض ة و ح ل ل ل ك الد ج اج ة Then he asws said: But rather, the rennet is at the status of a dead chicken from which an egg is extracted, so would you eat that egg? So Qatada said, No, and I would not instruct with eating it. So Abu Ja far asws said to him: And why (not)? So he said, Because it is from the dead. He asws said to him: So if that egg incubates, so a chicken comes out from it, would you eat it? He said, Yes. He asws said: So what Prohibits the egg upon you and Permits the chicken for you? ث ق ال ) عليه السالم ( ف ك ذ ل ك ا ل ن ف ح ة م ث ل ال ب ي ض ة ف اش ت ا ل م ن أ س و اق ال م س ل م ني م ن أ ي د ي ال م ص ل ني و ل ت س أ ل ع ن ه إ ل أ ن ي أ ت ي ك م ن ي ب ك ع ن ه. Then he asws said: So that rennet is like the egg. So buy the cheese from the markets of the Muslim, from the hand of the Praying one, and do not ask about it except if there comes to you one who informs you about it (that it is from the non-believers). 46 The pure are: the rennet, and the egg, and the wool, and the hair, and the fur ع ل ب ن إ ب ر اه يم ع ن أ ب يه ع ن إ س اع يل ب ن م ر ار ع ن ي ون س ع ن ه م ) عليهم السالم ( ق ال وا خ س ة أ ش ي اء ذ ك ي ة م ا ف يه ا م ن اف ع ال ل ق ا ل ن ف ح ة و ال ب ي ض ة و الص وف و الش ع ر و ال و ب ر ل ب أ س ب أ ك ل ا ل ك ل ه م ا ع م ل ه م س ل م أ و غ ي ر ه و إ ن ا ي ك ر ه أ ن ي ؤ ك ل س و ى ا ل ن ف ح ة م ا ف آن ي ة ال م ج وس و أ ه ل ال ك ت اب ل ن ه م ل ي ت و ق و ن ال م ي ت ة و ال م ر. Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ismail Bin Marrar, from Yunus, 46 Al Kafi V 6 The Book of Foodstuffs Ch 9 H 1 Page 17 of 25

18 (It has been narrated) from them asws having said: Five things are pure from wherein is benefit for the people the rennet, and the egg, and the wool, and the hair, and the fur. There is no problem with eating the cheese, all of these from what the Muslim had made, or others, and rather it is disliked to eat besides the rennet from what is in the vessels of the Magians, and the People of the Book, because they do not consider the dead and the wine. 47 م م د ب ن ي ي ع ن أ ح د ب ن م م د ع ن اب ن ف ض ال ع ن اب ن ب ك ري ع ن ا ل س ني ب ن ز ر ار ة ق ال ك ن ت ع ن د أ ب ع ب د الل ه ) عليه السالم ( و أ ب ي س أ ل ه ع ن الل م ن ال م ي ت ة و ال ب ي ض ة م ن ال م ي ت ة و إ ن ف ح ة ال م ي ت ة ف ق ال ك ل ه ذ ا ذ ك ق ال ف ق ل ت ل ه ف ش ع ر ال ن ز ير ي ع م ل ح ب ال و ي س ت ق ى ب ه م ن ال ب ئ ر ال ت ي ش ر ب م ن ه ا أ و ي ت و ض أ م ن ه ا ق ال ل ب أ س ب ه. Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Fazzal, from Ibn Bukeyr, from Al Husayn Bin Zurara who said, I was in the presence of Abu Abd Allah asws and my father asked him asws about the milk from the dead, and the eggs from the dead, and rennet of the dead. So he asws said: All this is clean. So I said to him asws, So the hair of the pig by which a rope is made, (water) is drawn by it from the well from which it is drunk, or ablution performed from it? He asws said: There is no problem with it. و ز اد ف يه ع ل ب ن ع ق ب ة و ع ل ب ن ا ل س ن ب ن ر ب اط ق ال و الش ع ر و الص وف ك ل ه ذ ك. And there increased in it Ali Bin Uqba, and Ali Bin Al-Hassan Bin Ribat, He asws said: And the hair and the wool, all of it is clean. 48 That which is made from pig-hair is Clean: م م د ب ن ي ي ع ن أ ح د ب ن م م د ع ن اب ن م ب وب ع ن اب ن ر ئ اب ع ن ز ر ار ة ع ن أ ب ع ب د الل ه ) عليه السالم ( ق ال س أ ل ت ه ع ن ا ل ب ل ي ك ون م ن ش ع ر ال ن ز ير ي س ت ق ى ب ه ال م اء م ن ال ب ئ ر ه ل ي ت و ض أ م ن ذ ل ك ال م اء ق ال ل ب أ س. Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Mahboub, from Ibn Ra ib, from Zurara, (It has been narrated) from Abu Abd Allah asws, said, I asked him asws about the rope which happens to be from the pig, the water from the well being withdrawn by it. Can one perform Ablution (Wudhu) from that water? He asws said: There is no problem Al Kafi V 6 The Book of Foodstuffs Ch 9 H H,الكا ف )ط - ا لسالمية( ج 6 ص: Al Kafi V 3 The Book of Cleanliness Ch 4 H 10 Page 18 of 25

19 The Pig skin: و ب إ س ن اد ه ع ن م م د ب ن ع ل ب ن م ب وب ع ن ي ع ق وب ب ن ي ز يد ع ن اب ن أ ب ع م ري ع ن أ ب ز ي اد الن ه د ي ع ن ز ر ار ة ق ال : س أ ل ت أ ب ا ع ب د الل ه ع ع ن ج ل د ال ن ز ير ي ع ل د ل وا ي س ت ق ى ب ه ال م اء ق ال ل ب أ س. And by his chain, from Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Mahboub, from Yaqoub Bin Yazeed, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Abu Ziyad Al Nahdy, from Zurara who said, I asked Abu Abd Allah asws about the skin of the pig, a bucket is made to draw the water with it. He asws said: There is no problem. ل د ال ن ز ير ي ع ل د ل وا ي س ت ق ى ب ه ال م اء ف ق ال ل ب أ س ب ه. و س ئ ل الص اد ق ع ع ن ج And Al-Sadiq asws was asked about the pig skin, made into a bucket to obtain the water with it. So he asws said: There is no problem with it. 50 و س ئ ل الص اد ق ع ع ن ج ل ود ال م ي ت ة ي ع ل ف يه ا الل و ال م اء و الس م ن م ا ت ر ى ف يه ف ق ال ل ب أ س ب أ ن ت ع ل ف يه ا م ا ش ئ ت م ن م اء أ و ل أ و س ن و ت ت و ض أ م ن ه و ت ش ر ب و ل ك ن ل ت ص ل ف يه ا. And Al-Sadiq asws was asked about skins of the dead, to make the milk, and the water, and the butter to be in it, what is your view regarding it? So he asws said: There is no problem if you were to make whatever you so like in it, from water, or milk, or butter, or perform Wuzu from it, and drink, but you cannot pray Salat in it. 51 م م د ب ن ع ل ب ن م ب وب ع ن ي ع ق وب ب ن ي ز يد ع ن اب ن أ ب ع م ري ع ن أ ب ز ي اد الن ه د ي ع ن ز ر ار ة ق ال : س أ ل ت أ ب ا ع ب د الل ه ع ع ن ج ل د ال ن ز ير ي ع ل د ل وا ي س ت ق ى ب ه ال م اء ق ال ل ب أ س. Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Mahboub, from Yaqoub Bin Yazeed, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Abu Ziyad Al Nahdy, from Zurara who said, I asked Abu Abd Allah asws about the pig skin made into a bucket, to obtain the water with it. He asws said: There is no problem. 52 و ب إ س ن اد ه ع ن م م د ب ن ع ل ب ن م ب وب ع ن ي ع ق وب ب ن ي ز يد ع ن اب ن أ ب ع م ري ع ن أ ب ز ي اد الن ه د ي ع ن ز ر ار ة ق ال : س أ ل ت أ ب ا ع ب د الل ه ع ع ن ج ل د ال ن ز ير ي ع ل د ل وا ي س ت ق ى ب ه ال م اء ق ال ل ب أ س. And by his chain, from Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Mahboub, from Yaqoub Bin Yazeed, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Abu Ziyad Al Nahdy, from Zurara who said, I asked Abu Abd Allah asws about the pig skin made into a bucket to obtain the water with it. He asws said: There is no problem H. 14, من ل يضره الفقيه ج 1 ص: 10 H. 15, من ل يضره الفقيه ج 1 ص: 10 H. 20, هتذيب ا لحكام ) تقيق خرسان( ج 1 ص: 413 Page 19 of 25

20 ع عن جلد النزير يعل دلوا يستقى به املاء قال ل بأس. He (the Imam asws was asked) about the pig skin made into a bucket to obtain the water with it. He asws said: There is no problem. 54 Touching of the Chess is like Handler of the Pig meat: ع د ة م ن أ ص ح اب ن ا ع ن س ه ل ب ن ز ي اد ع ن اب ن م ب وب ع ن اب ن ر ئ اب ق ال : د خ ل ت ع ل ى أ ب ع ب د الل ه ع ف ق ل ت ج ع ل ت ف د اك م ا ال ن ز ير ف ق ل ت م ا ع ل ى م ن ق ل ب ل م ال ن ز ير ق ال ي غ س ل ي د ه. ت ق ول ف الش ط ر ن ج ق ال ال م ق ل ب ل ا ك ال م ق ل ب ل م It has been narrated from several of companions, who from Suhail Ibn Ziyad, from Ibn Mahboob, from Ibn Riyab,, From Abu Abd Allah asws regarding chess. He asws said: A handler of it is like the handler of the pig meat. I said, And what is upon one who handles the pig meat? He asws said: He should wash his hands H., وسائل الشيعة ج 1 ص: 175 الوا ف ج 6 ص: 41 H. 15,الكا ف )ط - ا لسالمية( ج 6 ص: 437 Page 20 of 25

21 Appendix I: The meat of donkey, horse and egg from dead chicken م م د ب ن ي ي ع ن أ ح د ب ن م م د ع ن ع ل ب ن ا ل ك م ع ن أ ب ان ب ن ت غ ل ب ع م ن أ خ ب ر ه ع ن أ ب ع ب د الل ه ) عليه السالم ( ق ال س أ ل ت ه ع ن ل وم ال ي ل ف ق ال ل ت أ ك ل إ ل أ ن ت ص يب ك ض ر ور ة و ل وم ا ل م ر ا ل ه ل ي ة ف ق ال ف ك ت اب ع ل ) عليه السالم ( أ ن ه م ن ع أ ك ل ه ا. Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Aban Bin Taghlub, from the one who informed him, (It has been narrated) from Abu Abd Allah asws, said, I asked him asws about meat of the cavalry horse. So he asws said: Do not eat except if you are hit by necessity, and meat of the domesticated donkeys He asws said: In the Book of Ali asws it is Forbidden to eat it. 56 أ ب و ع ل ا ل ش ع ر ي ع ن م م د ب ن ع ب د ا ل ب ار ع ن ص ف و ان ع ن اب ن م س ك ان ق ال س أ ل ت أ ب ا ع ب د الل ه ) عليه السالم ( ع ن ل وم ا ل م ري ف ق ال ن ه ى ر س ول الل ه ) صلى اهلل عليه وآله ( ع ن أ ك ل ه ا ي و م خ ي ب ر Abu Ali Al Ashary, from Muhammad Bin Abdul Jabbar, from Safwan, from Ibn Muskan who said, I asked Abu Abd Allah asws about meat of the donkeys. So he asws said: Rasool-Allah saww forbade from eating it on the day of Khyber. ق ال و س أ ل ت ه ع ن أ ك ل ال ي ل و ال ب غ ال ف ق ال ن ه ى ر س ول الل ه ) صلى اهلل عليه وآله ( ع ن ه ا ف ال ت أ ك ل وه ا إ ل أ ن ت ض ط ر وا إ ل ي ه ا. He (the narrator) said, And I asked him asws about eating the cavalry horse, and the mules. So he asws said: Rasool-Allah saww forbade from it, therefore do not eat it, except if you are desperate for it. 57 م م د ب ن ي ي ع ن أ ح د ب ن م م د ع ن م م د ب ن ي ي ع ن غ ي اث ب ن إ ب ر اه يم ع ن أ ب ع ب د الل ه ) عليه السالم ( ف ب ي ض ة خ ر ج ت م ن اس ت د ج اج ة م ي ت ة ف ق ال إ ن ك ان ت ال ب ي ض ة اك ت س ت ا ل ل د ال غ ل يظ ف ال ب أ س ب ا. Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Gayas Bin Ibrahim, (It has been narrated) from Abu Abd Allah asws regarding eggs extracted from the dead chicken. So he asws said: If the egg as the hard shell, so there is no problem with it Al Kafi V 6 The Book of Foodstuffs Ch 2 H Al Kafi V 6 The Book of Foodstuffs Ch 2 H Al Kafi V 6 The Book of Foodstuffs Ch 9 H 5 Page 21 of 25

22 Appendix II: Reason for the Prohibition (dead, blood, wine, swine): ع د ة م ن أ ص ح اب ن ا ع ن س ه ل ب ن ز ي اد و ع ل ب ن إ ب ر اه يم ع ن أ ب يه ج يعا ع ن ع م ر و ب ن ع ث م ان ع ن م م د ب ن ع ب د الل ه ع ن ب ع ض أ ص ح اب ن ا ع ن أ ب ع ب د الل ه ) عليه السالم ( و ع د ة م ن أ ص ح اب ن ا أ ي ضا ع ن أ ح د ب ن م م د ب ن خ ال د ع ن م م د ب ن أ س ل م ع ن ع ب د الر ح ن ب ن س ا ل ع ن م ف ض ل ب ن ع م ر ق ال ق ل ت ل ب ع ب د الل ه ) عليه السالم ( أ خ ب ن ج ع ل ت ف د اك ل ح ر م الل ه ت ب ار ك و ت ع ا ل ال م ر و ال م ي ت ة و الد م و ل م ال ن ز ير A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, and Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, altogether, from Amro Bin Usman, from Muhammad Bin Abd Allah, from one of our companions, from Abu Abd Allah asws, and a number of our companions as well, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Khalid, from Muhammad Bin Aslam, from Abdul Rahman Bin Salim, from Mufazzal Bin Umar who said, I said to Abu Abd Allah asws, Inform me, may I be sacrificed for you asws, why did Allah azwj Blessed and High Prohibiting the wine, and the dead, and the blood, and the flesh of the swine? ف ق ال إ ن الل ه س ب ح ان ه و ت ع ا ل ل ي ر م ذ ل ك ع ل ى ع ب اد ه و أ ح ل ل م س و اه ر غ ب ة م ن ه ف يم ا ح ر م ع ل ي ه م و ل ز ه دا ف يم ا أ ح ل ل م و ل ك ن ه خ ل ق ال ل ق و ع ل م ع ز و ج ل م ا ت ق وم ب ه أ ب د ان ه م و م ا ي ص ل ح ه م ف أ ح ل ه ل م و أ ب اح ه ت ف ض ال م ن ه ع ل ي ه م ب ه ت ب ار ك و ت ع ا ل ل م ص ل ح ت ه م و ع ل م م ا ي ض ر ه م ف ن ه اه م ع ن ه و ح ر م ه ع ل ي ه م So he asws said: Allah azwj Glorious and High did not Prohibit that upon His azwj servants, and Permit for them besides it as a Desire from Him azwj with regards to what He azwj Prohibits upon them, nor as a Distaste with regards to what He azwj Permitted for them, but He azwj Created the creatures and the Mighty and Majestic Knows what their bodies stand by and what is correct for them. Thus, He azwj Permitted for them and Authorised it for them as a Grace from Him azwj the Blessed and High, upon them with it for their correctness; and He azwj Knows what harms them, so He azwj Forbade them from it, and Prohibited it upon them. ث أ ب اح ه ل ل م ض ط ر و أ ح ل ه ل ه ف ال و ق ت ال ذ ي ل ي ق وم ب د ن ه إ ل ب ه ف أ م ر ه أ ن ي ن ال م ن ه ب ق د ر ال ب ل غ ة ل غ ري ذ ل ك The He azwj Authorised it for the desperate and Permitted it for him during the time which his body would not be able to stand except by it. So, He azwj Commanded him to take from it by a measurement of the necessity, not other than that. ث ق ال أ م ا ال م ي ت ة ف إ ن ه ل ي د م ن ه ا أ ح د إ ل ض ع ف ب د ن ه و ن ل ج س م ه و ذ ه ب ت ق و ت ه و ان ق ط ع ن س ل ه و ل ي وت آك ل ال م ي ت ة إ ل Then he asws said: As for the dead, so no one would be habitual with it except that it would weaken his body, and slims his body, and his strength goes away, and his lineage is cut-off, and the eater of the dead would not be dying except for suddenly. ف ج أ ة و أ م ا الد م ف إ ن ه ي ور ث آك ل ه ال م اء ا ل ص ف ر و ي ب خ ر ال ف م و ي ن ت الر يح و ي س ء ال ل ق و ي ور ث ال ك ل ب و ال ق س و ة ف ال ق ل ب و ق ل ة الر أ ف ة و الر ح ة ح ت ل ي ؤ م ن أ ن ي ق ت ل و ل د ه و و ال د ي ه و ل ي ؤ م ن ع ل ى ح يم ه و ل ي ؤ م ن ع ل ى م ن ي ص ح ب ه Page 22 of 25

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