Teaching Flight Maneuvers. Soaring Safety Foundation FIRC Presentation

Transcription

1 Teaching Flight Maneuvers Soaring Safety Foundation FIRC Presentation

2 Scenario Analysis Lets review and evaluate the scenarios you created last period

3 Basic Teaching Steps Preparation Presentation Application Review and Evaluation

4 Necessary Flight Maneuvers Normal and Crosswind Launch Straight and Turning flight Ground Reference Stalls and Spins Slips to Landing Normal and Crosswind Landing Emergency procedures

5 Necessary RM/ADM Skills Identify potential risks and mitigation strategies before a flight begins Monitor risks during a flight and adjust actions as necessary Introduce the concept that good decision making skills are a learned behavior These skills enable the pilot to detect mistakes, not completely eliminate them

6 Necessary Instructor Tasks Introduce new material Use books, web-sites, videos, oral lectures, and in-flight demonstrations to present/discuss new flight maneuvers and other necessary tasks Evaluate pilot performance and progress Evaluate pilot RM/ADM skills

7 Common Student Errors Under/Over controlling Stress overload Fixation on a single task Loss of situational awareness Failure to scan for traffic

8 Pre-flight Inspection Before first flight or Before every flight? Is assembly enough? Reduce/Eliminate distractions What should be checked? Use POH based checklist Positive Control Check Reduce or Eliminate distractions

9 In flight maneuvers Orientation to airport/runway (upwind) Determining heading (using landmarks) Picking the heading for stalls Turning left or right Basic glide performance How much altitude needed to cover 1 mile?

10 Visual Scanning Peripheral vision detects motion Foveal vision identifies objects Proper scanning procedures Use multiple sectors (10 deg) Stop in each sector for a second or 2 Focus on distant object

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12 New Technology

13 Portable Collision Avoidance Boxes PCAS - XRX PCAS - MRX

14 See and Avoid Advantages Uses Mark I human eyeball Low regulatory overhead Limitations Pilot must recognize hazard and take action

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16 Speed to Fly Head/Tail wind Airspeed H/T wind Ground speed Sink Rate Time to cover 1 NM Altitude lost

17 Speed to Fly Lift/Sink Sink 100 fpm 200 fpm 500 fpm Airspeed Vario Altitude Vario Altitude Vario Altitude Lost/NM Lost/NM Lost/NM Lift fpm fpm fpm Vario Altitude Vario Altitude Vario Lost/NM Lost/NM fpm Vario Altitude Lost/NM fpm Altitude Lost/NM Vario Altitude Lost/NM

18 Which picture is different?

19 Determining When to Land Before take-off Emergency item on check-list Develop a small number of plans, and execute the best one for this situation While maneuvering and heading back to the airport What effect does the wind have on landing?

20 Effect of 20 Kt wind Time on Downwind: More, Less, no Change? Altitude loss: More, Less, no Change? Kts

21 Effect of 20 Kt wind Time on base: More, Less, no Change? Altitude loss: More, Less, no Change? Kts

22 Effect of 20 Kt wind Time on Final: More, Less, no Change? Altitude loss: More, Less, no Change? Kts

23 Effect of 20 Kt wind Which path is your student likely to fly? Which path do you want them to fly? Kts

24 Emergency Procedures Discuss/demo T.O. Emergencies PT3 at low/mid/high altitude Distractions during T.O./Tow Canopy opening Bugs, Snakes, Object on runway, etc Discuss/demo Landing Emergencies Too low to fly normal pattern Off-airport landings

25 Post Flight De-briefing Critique pilots/students performance not their personality Identify tasks or skills that were done well and those that need improvement Emphasize the skills you are trying to impart (Risk Management, Decision Making, problem solving, and Stick & Rudder skills)

26 Problem Thermalling at low altitudes Airspeed control during thermalling turns Cross wind landing slipping vs crabbing

27 Thermalling Scenario Pilot issues Unfamiliar with vario Aircraft issues Heavy water ballast load EnVironment issues Thermalling in turbulent conditions External issues Thermalling with another glider (at the same or different altitude)

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29 Thermalling Scenario Use the PAVE model to develop a scenario Write 2-3 sentences Draw a picture Write a few bullet points Suggestions How high above the terrain is the glider, and what is the terrain like Are the 2 gliders at the same or different altitudes, flying together or just meet

30 Supplemental Information

31 X-wind Landing Scenario The wind-sock shows that you will be landing on Rwy 27 with a cross-wind from the NW. On a left downwind you notice the glider is tracking E but the yaw-string is off to the right. Describe what the student is doing How would you correct this situation? What risks, if any, have increased?

32 Mark I Eyeball Supplement Page 8

33 See and Avoid Basic Concept Look outside and avoid running into other aircraft!