ANNUAL SUMMARY OF SOUTH AFRICAN NOTICES TO MARINERS 2009 EDITION

Transcription

1 O GR N H Y DR A PH AFRICA N Y AV UTH I C O F FI SO CE A.K. ANNUAL SUMMARY OF SOUTH AFRICAN NOTICES TO MARINERS 2009 EDITION IN FORCE ON 1 JANUARY 2009 Published by the SA NAVY Hydrographic Office, Cape Town

2 SIN GLE POINT MOOR ING (SPM) (Front Cover) This par tic u lar SPM de picted on the front cover is the one moored ap prox i mately 1.5 nm off shore at Mossel Bay and is op er ated by PetroSA. It is used for the im port and ex port of clean pe tro leum prod ucts from tank ers of up to DWT. The buoy is part of an intricate sys tem of pipe lines run ning be tween the SPM and stor age tanks sit u ated at Voorbaai Oil Terminal at the east of the bay. The main car rier pipe line con sists of a 36 inch di am e ter sub ma rine pipe line, which serves the PetroSA re fin ery at Mossel Bay. The SPM is of the Cat e nary An chor Leg Moor ing (CALM) type and con sists of a large moor ing buoy, which is per ma nently on the sur face and moored to the ground by means of four an chors. These an chors can be placed as far away as 400 metres from the SPM. Moor ing haw sers and trans fer hoses run from a turn ta ble on top of the buoy, which will pre vent the buoy from tu rning as the moored ves - sel swings with the wind and stream. Pho to graph (SA Navy) and in for ma tion sup plied by PetroSA and The UK Hy dro graphic Of fice (The Mar i ner's Hand book (NP 100) 2004 Edi tion). i

3 IMPORTANT In the in ter ests of sur face and sub ma rine nav i ga tion, mar i ners and oth ers are in vited to for ward to the Hy drog ra pher, Pri vate Bag X1, Tokai 7966, or per fax or hydrosan@iafrica.com or telex : (ANS BACK : NAVY SA), any in for ma tion that may come to their no tice which would be use ful for the cor rec tion of charts and Hy dro graphic pub li ca tions with re spect to South Af ri can wa ters. Early ad vice with all avail able par tic u lars of newly dis cov ered dan gers, the es tab lish ment of or changes in any aids to nav i ga tion, is spe cially re quested. A. KAMPFER, Cap tain Hy drog ra pher, SA Navy Area Co-ordinator NAVAREA VII COPYRIGHT RESERVED Copy right All rights Re served. Per mis sion is not re quired to make an a logue cop ies of these No tices but such cop ies are not to be sold. ii

4 CONTENTS No tice No Subject Page 1. Agents for the Sale of Charts Practice and Exercise Areas Im me di ate Nav i ga tional Warn ings Re port of Shoals ob tained by Echo Sound ing and Hy dro graphic Notes Reg u la tions for the Nav i ga tion of Laden Tank ers Oil Pol lu tion - Ob ser va tion and Re port ing Storm Warn ings to Ship ping The SAFREP and AMVER Sys tems In struc tions to Ship Ra dio Sta tions Mar i time Bound aries and Zones In for ma tion con cern ing Sub ma rines Safety of Navigation Weather Re ports from Ships Mine Clearance Operations South Af ri can Search and Res cue Or gani sa tion (SASAR) Off shore Un der wa ter Ob struc tions Shark Nets - Kwazulu Na tal Coast Vessel Traffic Service (VTS) Cray fish Trap Fish ing Dif fer en tial Global Po si tion ing Sys tem (DGPS) Marine Reserves Me te o ro log i cal and Ocean o graphic Data Buoys Sub ma rine Ca bles and Pipe lines Ma rine Min ing Ves sels South Af ri can Mar i time Safety Au thor ity (SAMSA) Re port ing Sys tem Mer chant Ship ping (Mar i time Se cu rity) Reg u la tions Supplementary Hy dro graphic Note HO iii

5 SOUTH AF RI CAN NO TICE TO MAR I NERS NO TICE NO 1 OF 2009 For mer No tice 2008 is cancelled. AGENTS FOR THE SALE OF SOUTH AF RI CAN CHARTS AND HYDROGRAPHIC PUBLICATIONS NATIONAL AGENTS Cape Town Charts In ter na tional 1st Floor, Unit 23, Foregate Square, Har bour Road, Tel : Fore shore, Cape Town or PO Box 6009, Roggebaai, 8012 Fax : info@chartsinternational.co.za Cape Town Chart World CC 25A Forgate Square, 1 Har bour House, Fore shore, 8001 Tel : /5 or PO Box 6605, Roggebaai, 8012 Fax : chartworld@mweb.co.za Deneysville Star Ma rine 10 Wall Street or PO Box 132, Deneysville, 9412 Tel : Fax : Durban The Tyneside Shop 1, John Ross House, 22 Mar ga ret Mncadi Av e nue, Tel : Durban, 4001 Fax : tyneside@global.co.za Website : Durban Cruis ing Con nec tions 4 Fenton Lane, Durban, 4001 Tel : Fax : tony@cruisingconnections.co.za Website : Jo han nes burg Carte Afrique PO Box 1943, Hought on, 2041 Tel : info@carte.co.za Jo han nes burg Merit Busi ness PO Box 1760, Edenvale, 1610 Tel : In sti tute Fax : Website : Mossel Bay Bolt Man CC c/o Gys Smalberger & Mitchel Street, Mossel Bay, 6500 Tel : or PO Box 2980, Mossel Bay, 6500 Fax : Mossel Bay Seven Seas Ma rine 68 Bland Street, The Goods Shed, Mossel Bay Tel : PO Box 1955, Mossel Bay, 6500 Fax : Cell : sevenseas@telkomsa.net Port St Fran cis Skip pers Ma rine CC The Port Hole, Port St Fran cis, St Fran cis Bay Tel : or PO Box 603, Humansdorp, 6300 Fax : Cell : vukani@intekom.co.za Port Eliz a beth Na tional Ship Chan dlers CC 9 Eliz a beth Street, North End, Port Eliz a beth, Tel : / Tel : (AH) or PO Box 1625, Port Eliz a beth, 6000 Tel : (AH) Fax : demas@global.co.za natshippe@natship.co.za 1

6 Port Eliz a beth Star Ma rine 14-7th Av e nue, Wal mer, Port Eliz a beth, 6065 Tel : or PO Box 40300, Wal mer, Port Eliz a beth, 6065 Fax : Cell: info@starmarine.co.za Port Eliz a beth Com mer cial Ma rine Dom Pedro Jetty Tel: Port Eliz a beth Har bour Fax: Jeffreys Bay Com mer cial Ma rine 18 Schelde Street, Jeffreys Bay, 6330 Tel: PO Box 959, Jeffreys Bay, 6330 Fax: St Fran cis Bay Com mer cial Ma rine 153 St Fran cis Bay, 6312 Tel: Tel: Fax: Website: commercialmarine.co.za Rich ards Bay Sailor s Cor ner Cap tain s Loft Build ing, Pi o neer Road, Meerensee, 3901 Tel : or PO Box , Meerensee, 3901 Fax : Sandton Venue Af rica PO Box , Sandton, 2146 Tel : Fax : Cell : venue@global.co.za Website: venueafrica.com Struisbaai NSRI Overberg Area PO Box 213, Stuisbaai, 7285 Tel : Fax : INTERNATIONAL AGENTS Namibia Viggo Lund (Pty) Ltd 162, 7th Street, Walvis Bay Tel : or PO Box 183, Walvis Bay Fax :

7 SOUTH AF RI CAN NO TICE TO MAR I NERS NO 2 OF 2009 For mer No tice 2/2008 is cancelled. This is a rep e ti tion of the for mer no tice. PRACTICE AND EXERCISE AREAS Introduction 1. In ac cor dance with in ter na tional chart spec i fi ca tions, mil i tary prac tice and ex er cise ar eas have been re moved from SAN nav i ga tional charts. Charts of the PEXA SAN Se ries show the ar eas. A note has been placed on the rel e vant nav i ga tional charts to in form mar i ners about the PEXA Se ries and this An nual No tice. 2. Sail ing Di rec tions Vol ume I, SAN HO-21, con tains in for ma tion on range safety warn ing sig nals, safety of nav i ga tion in ex er cise ar eas and instruc tions re gard ing ex plo sives picked up at sea. 3. Coastal navwarnings (see An nual No tice to Mar i ners No 3) are broad casted when ever mil i tary ex er cises take place. 4. Bear ings are given as seen from sea ward. 5. Test fir ings of mi nor il lumi nants of var i ous colours, with or with out para chutes, fre quently oc cur with out warn ing on the coast in the vi cin ity of Swartklip ( S E on PEXA SAN 150 and PEXA SAN 1016). 6. Prac tice and ex er cise ar eas are es tab lished as fol lows: Prac tice and Ex er cise Ar eas Name and Func tion Lo ca tion Lim its Charts (S) (E) (a) PAPENDORP Doringbaai S E SAN 116 Anti-air craft Weap ons S E SAN S E S E S E S E S E Closed area (b) LANGEBAAN ROAD RANGE Saldanha S E PEXA SAN 1010 Air to Air weap ons S E PEXA SAN S E S E S E S E S E S E S E S E S E Closed area (c) SALDANHA Saldanha S E PEXA SAN 1010 Air to Air weap ons S E PEXA SAN S E S E S E Closed area (d) NORTH HEAD Saldanha S E PEXA SAN 1010 Weap ons S E PEXA SAN S E S E S E Closed area (e) TOOTH ROCK Saldanha Cir cle, ra dius 3.5 nau ti cal miles, PEXA SAN 1010 Air to Ground weap ons. cen tered at S E PEXA SAN 2062 Jacobs Reef Bomb ing. Test fir ing of il lumi nants. 3

8 Name and Func tion Lo ca tion Lim its Charts (S) (E) (f) WESTERN CAPE Cape Point S E PEXA SAN 2062 Na val Ex er cises S E Arc of cir cle, ra dius 50 nau ti cal miles, cen tered at S E from S E to S E S E S E S E S E S E Closed area (g) BEL LOWS ROCK Cape Point S E PEXA SAN 150 Na val Weap ons (Rock as tar get) PEXA SAN 1016 (h) GAR DEN NO 1 False Bay S E PEXA SAN 150 Sound Test ing Range S E SAN 1016, S E PEXA SAN S E S E Closed area GAR DEN NO 2 False Bay S E Sound Test ing Range S E S E S E S E Closed area (i) PROOF NORTH Proof Range False Bay 2.2 nau ti cal miles (4 000m) from S E PEXA SAN 150 PEXA SAN 1016 be tween bear ings 235 and 243 PROOF SOUTH Proof Range False Bay 8.5 nau ti cal miles (15 500m) from S E PEXA SAN 150 PEXA SAN 1016 be tween bear ings 265 and 275 (j) LOWER NORTH Weap ons Test ing False Bay 11 nau ti cal miles (20 384m) from S E PEXA SAN 150 PEXA SAN 1016 be tween bear ings 254 and 283 (k) STRANDFONTEIN False Bay S E PEXA SAN 150 Proof Range S E PEXA SAN S E S E S E S E Closed area (l) SWARTKLIP False Bay S E PEXA SAN 150 Proof Range S E PEXA SAN S E S E S E S E (m) MACASSAR Anti-air craft Weap ons False Bay 8 nau ti cal miles (14 830m) from S E PEXA SAN 150 PEXA SAN 1016 be tween bear ings and (n) SIMON S TOWN False Bay S E SAN 1017 SHAL LOW WA TER S E DEMOLITION RANGE S E S E S E Closed area 4

9 Name and Func tion Lo ca tion Lim its Charts (S) (E) (o) SIMON S TOWN False Bay S E PEXA SAN 150 DEEP WA TER S E PEXA SAN 1016 DEMOLITION RANGE S E Arc of cir cle, ra dius 1 nau ti cal mile, cen tered at S E from S E to S E S E S E Closed area (p) DE HOOP (POTBERG) Cape Agulhas Sea area at right an gles to coast for a PEXA 2062 Weap ons Test ing Range dis tance of 500m from " S " E to the point " S " E and the sea area that runs at right an gles from the shore for a dis tance of 5 000m (5km) from the lat ter point to " S " E. Closed area (q) CAPE RECIFE Port Eliz a beth S E PEXA SAN 2063 Ri fle Range S E S E S E S E Closed area (r) DURBAN Durban S E PEXA SAN 2064 Na val Weap ons S E S E S E S E S E Closed area (s) ST LU CIA St Lu cia S E PEXA SAN 2064 Na val Weap ons S E S E S E S E S E S E S E S E S E S E S E Closed area 5

10 SOUTH AFRICAN NOTICE TO MARINERS NO 3 OF 2009 For mer No tice 3/2008 is cancelled. This is a rep e ti tion of the for mer no tice. WORLD WIDE NAV I GA TIONAL WARN ING SER VICE (WWNWS) - NAVAREA VII - PRO MUL GA TION OF IMMEDIATE NAVIGATIONAL WARNINGS Def i ni tions Nav i ga tional warn ing - A broad cast mes sage con tain ing ur gent in for ma tion rel e vant to safe nav i ga tion. Mar i time Safety In for ma tion (MSI) - Nav i ga tional and me te o ro log i cal warn ings, me te o ro log i cal fore casts, and other ur gent safety-re lated mes sages. NAVAREA - A geo graph ical sea area, es tab lished for the pur pose of co-ordinating the trans mis sion of ra dio nav i ga tional warn ings. Where ap pro pri ate, the term NAVAREA fol lowed by an iden ti fy ing Ro man nu meral may be used as a short ti tle. Re gion - That part of a NAVAREA es tab lished for the pur pose of co-ordinating the trans mis sion of coastal warn ings, by NAVTEX or INMARSAT-C EGC Broad cast. NAVAREA co-ordinator - The au thor ity charged with re spon si bil ity for co-ordinating, col lat ing and is su ing long range nav i ga tional warn - ings and bul le tins to cover the whole of the NAVAREA. Na tional co-ordinator - The na tional au thor ity charged with re spon si bil ity for co-ordinating, col lat ing and is su ing coastal warn ings in a re - gion. NAVAREA warn ing - A nav i ga tional warn ing is sued by the NAVAREA Co-ordinator for the NAVAREA. NAVAREA warn ings bul le tin - A list of se rial num bers of those NAVAREA warn ings in force, is sued and broad cast by the NAVAREA Co-ordinator dur ing at least the pre vi ous six weeks. Coastal navwarning - A nav i ga tional warn ing pro mul gated by a na tional co-ordinator to cover a re gion. Lo cal navwarning - A nav i ga tional warn ing which cov ers in shore wa ters within the lim its of ju ris dic tion of a har bour or port au thor ity. INTRODUCTION 1. WWNWS is an In ter na tional Mar i time Or ga ni za tion (IMO) / International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) service established as part of the global mar i time dis tress and safety sys tem (GMDSS) adopted by the In ter na tional Con ven tion for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), 1974, to which the RSA is a sig na tory. 2. To pro vide for the pro mul ga tion of Mar i time Safety In for ma tion on a geo graphic ba sis the world has been di vided into 16 NAVAREAS. NAVAREA VII 3. The South At lan tic and South In dian Ocean area around South ern Af rica has been des ig nated NAVAREA VII. It is de scribed as the area bounded by the par al lel of lat i tude 6 S, drawn from the West Coast of Af rica to lon gi tude 20 W, thence south to Antarctica; and the par al lel of lat - i tude S drawn from the East Coast of Af rica to long. 55 E, thence south to the par al lel of lat i tude 30 S, thence east ward to lon gi tude 80 E and thence south to Antarctica. The ac com pa ny ing di a gram shows this de lim i ta tion. The par tial lim its of ad join ing NAVAREAS are also shown. NAVAREA VII CO-ORDINATOR 4. The RSA has been des ig nated NAVAREA VII Co-ordinator and the na tional agency charged with ex e cut ing the RSAs re spon si bil i ties in this regard is the Hy drog ra pher, SA Navy. His re spon si bil i ties inter alia are: a. To en deavor to be in formed of all events af fect ing the safety of nav i ga tion in NAVAREA VII. b. To ex pertly as sess all re ceived in for ma tion af fect ing nav i ga tion safety. c. To draft NAVAREA warn ing mes sages iaw IHO/IMO guid ance on stan dard iza tion of texts and mes sage draft ing. d. To di rect and con trol the broad cast of NAVAREA warn ings via na tional broad cast fa cil i ties. e. To pass NAVAREA warn ings to ad ja cent NAVAREA co-ordinators where ap pro pri ate. f. To trans mit pe ri od i cal NAVAREA warn ings bul le tins. g. To pro mul gate the can cel la tion of NAVAREA warn ings no lon ger valid. h. To act as the cen tral point of con tact on MSI within the NAVAREA. i. To pro mote the use of es tab lished in ter na tional stan dards and prac tices in the pro mul ga tion of nav i ga tional warn ings within the NAVAREA. 6

11 NAVAREA VII WARN INGS 5. NAVAREA VII warn ings are is sued by the Hy drog ra pher from time to time for broad cast by Coast Ra dio Sta tions. De tails of this ser vice are to be found in SA List of Lights and Ra dio Sig nals (SAN HO-1). The warn ings are in Eng lish and are drafted in the for mat spec i fied in IHO/IMO Guid ance Doc u ments for the WWNWS. The warn ings are num bered con sec u tively through out the cal en dar year, com menc ing with 001at 0001 UTC on 1 Jan u ary. 6. Navwarnings and a sum mary of warn ings are also pub lished and up dated on a daily ba sis dur ing work ing hours. This can be viewed on the website: SOUTH AFRICAN REGION 7. The coastal wa ters out to 150 nau ti cal miles of the Re pub lic of South Af rica are des ig nated the South Af ri can Re gion. For the pres ent, for nav i ga tional warn ing pur poses, the coastal wa ters out to 150 nau ti cal miles of the Re pub lic of Namibia are in cluded in the South Af ri can Re - gion. SOUTH AFRICAN REGION CO-ORDINATOR 8. Within the South Af ri can Re gion the Hy drog ra pher, SA Navy, is ap pointed as the na tional agency re spon si ble for dis charg ing the re spon si - bil i ties of Na tional co-ordinator. These re spon si bil i ties, inter alia, are: a. To en deavor to be in formed of all events af fect ing safety of nav i ga tion in the re gion. b. To ex pertly as sess all safety in for ma tion re ceived. c. To draft Coastal navwarnings in ac cor dance with es tab lished in ter na tional stan dards. d. To di rect and con trol the broad cast of Coastal navwarnings by the na tional broad cast sys tem adopted for the WWNWS. e. To act as the cen tral point of con tact on mat ters re lat ing to nav i ga tional warn ings within the Re gion. 7

12 COASTAL NAVWARNINGS : SOUTH AF RI CAN RE GION 9. Coastal navwarnings are is sued by the Hy drog ra pher from time to time for broad cast by Coast Ra dio Sta tions. De tails of this ser vice are to be found in SA List of Light and Ra dio Sig nals (SAN HO-1). The warn ings are in Eng lish and are drafted in the for mat spec i fied in IHO/IMO Guide to Draft ing Ra dio Nav i ga tional Warn ings for the WWNWS. The warn ings are num bered con sec u tively through out the cal en dar year, com menc ing with 001 at 0001 UTC on 1 Jan u ary. 10. NAVAREA VII warn ings and a sum mary of warn ings are also pub lished and up dated on a daily ba sis dur ing work ing hours. It can be viewed on the website: LOCAL NAVWARNINGS 11. Har bour Mas ters of South Af ri can ports are re spon si ble for the is sue of Lo cal navwarnings per tain ing to MSI within the port lim its of their re spec tive ports. Where it is con sid ered that such warn ings are of sig nif i cance out side these port lim its, the Hy drog ra pher, SA Navy, may is sue NAVAREA VII or Coastal navwarnings in lieu, in which case the Lo cal navwarning is then cancelled. NAVTEX 12. NAVTEX is an in ter na tional au to mated di rect-print ing service for the promulgation of navigational and meteorological warnings and ur - gent in for ma tion to ships. A fully op er a tional NAVTEX ser vice ex ists in the RSA and Namibia, de tails of which are given in the SA List of Lights and Ra dio Sig nals (SAN HO-1), Sec tion 3. SAFETYNET 13. SafetyNET is a ser vice of INMARSAT 's en hanced group call sys tem (EGC) de signed spe cif i cally for pro mul ga tion of MSI as a part of the GMDSS. SafetyNET pro vides ship ping with nav i ga tional and meteorological warnings, meteorological forecasts, shore-to-ship distress alerts, and other ur gent in for ma tion. At pres ent me te o ro logical information pertaining to NAVAREA VII and NAVAREA VII warnings are trans mit ted via this ser vice. De tails are given in the SA List of Lights and Ra dio Signals (SAN HO-1). SOURCES FOR NAVIGATION WARNINGS 12. From the above it is clear that the nav i ga tion warn ing ser vice pro vided by the Hy drog ra pher is de pend ent to a large ex tent upon the pro vi - sion of timely and ac cu rate source in for ma tion that must be forth com ing from the mar i time com mu nity it self. Mas ters, Port and other Mar i - time Au thor i ties are re quested to send all such in for ma tion as rap idly as pos si ble (by mail, ra dio, telex, tele phone or fax) to : The Hy dro graphic Of fice Pri vate Bag X1 Tokai 7966 No tices to Mar i ners Web site :Web : Ur gent nav i ga tional in for ma tion : Telex : (ANS BACK: NAVY SA) (24 Hour Ser vice) Fax : Other nav i ga tional in for ma tion : Fax : ( Mon - Fri) Phone : / hydrosan@iafrica.com Gen eral in for ma tion : Phone : ( Mon - Fri) The at ten tion of Mas ters is drawn to the ne ces sity for mak ing ar range ments to en sure that all ra dio mes sages re ceived con cern ing Nav i ga tional warn ings or other mat ters re lat ing to safety of life at sea are brought to his no tice im me di ately on re ceipt, or to that of the Nav i gat ing Of fi cer on watch. 8

13 SOUTH AF RI CAN NO TICE TO MAR I NERS NO TICE NO 4 OF 2009 For mer No tice 4/2008 is cancelled. This is a rep e ti tion of the for mer no tice. RE PORTS OF SHOALS OB TAINED BY ECHO SOUND ING Instructions regarding rendering 1. Now that all ships are fit ted with echo-sound ing equip ment, nu mer ous re ports of shoal sound ing are be ing re ceived by the Hy drog ra pher. A large pro por tion of these re ports are of lit tle value as in suf fi cient in for ma tion is for warded with them. 2. False soundings may be ob tained from cor rectly ad justed E/S sets due to one of the fol low ing causes: a. The re turn ing echo be ing re ceived af ter the trans mis sion in ter val has been com pleted once or per haps twice, e.g. with a ro tary type E/S set hav ing a max i mum scale read ing of 600 metres, a read ing on the trace of 50 metres might in fact be a sound ing of 50 or 650 or even 1250 metres. (In the case of E/S sets fit ted with trans mit ter ON/OFF switches, such doubts can eas ily be re solved. By break ing the trans mis sion cir cuit, with the set still run ning, and then re-mak ing it, it is only nec es sary to note the num ber of sub se quent sty lus rev o lu tions oc cur ring be fore the echo re-appears.) b. Dense shoals of fish or lay ers of plank ton which some times give an echo com pletely mask ing that from the bot tom. Such a layer is usu ally known as a deep scat ter ing layer and is of ten found to rise to wards the sur face at dusk and, af ter re main ing dur ing the night close to the sur face, de scends again at dawn. The deep scat ter ing layer is fre quently en coun tered at or near the edge of the con ti nen tal shelf and is fre quently mis taken for shoal wa ter. c. Lay ers of wa ter of dif fer ent den sity from that of the sur round ing wa ter. d. Strong tidal streams or ed dies with solid par ti cles in sus pen sion which may give feath ery ech oes. e. It is pos si ble in the more pow er ful types of E/S sets now be ing de vel oped that dou ble ech oes may be ob tained even in depths of sev eral hun dred metres. The sec ond echo caused by the re bound ing ul tra sonic waves will ap pear at twice the depth of true echo. Care should be taken when phas ing and us ing the ON/OFF switch, as de scribed above, that in fact the true echo is be ing re - corded. The sec ond echo is in vari ably weaker than the first and can be faded by turn ing down the sen si tiv ity of the re ceiver. 3. When un ex pected shoal soundings are ob tained in wa ters where the charted depth gives no in di ca tion, even though dis col oured wa ter may be seen, the only cer tain method of con firm ing their ex is tence is by tak ing a cast with the lead. Where, how ever, the charted depth is no where more than the scale read ing of the set and the shoal is seen to rise from the bot tom on the trace, pro vided speed and set ting of the set is cor rect, the shoal sound ing may be ac cepted con di tion ally. 4. When re ports of shoal sound ing are re ceived in the Hy dro graphic Of fice, they are care fully con sid ered in the light of ac com pa ny ing or other ev i dence be fore any ac tion is taken to amend charts. Un less re ports are con firmed by the cast of the lead, chart ac tion is usu ally with held un til the area can be ex am ined by a sur vey ing ves sel. In the past much time and ef fort has been wasted search ing for non-ex is tent shoals. 5. In or der that the Hy drog ra pher can make full use of re ports of soundings, the Echo Trace should al ways be for warded, to gether with Form HO-16 (Hy dro graphic Note), which ap pears at the end of this pub li ca tion. Nav i gat ing Of fi cers are re quested to note the fol low ing points re - gard ing es sen tial de tails: a. Mark the trace each time a fix is ob tained by draw ing a line along the curved edge of the scale, tak ing care not to foul the sty lus arm mean while. b. Num ber the fix and in sert the time. (The time is im por tant since the height of the tide must be found in or der to ob tain the cor rect depth.) c. In sert the re corded depth of all peak soundings. d. On com ple tion of soundings, and be fore roll ing up the pa per, draw in the bot tom trace and trans mis sion line and dry the pa per, pref er a bly in a dim light if a wet pa per ma chine is used. e. Mark any change of phase con spic u ously. f. In sert the make and type of echo-sound ing ma chine. g. It is rec om mended that an in del i ble pen cil or ball-point pen should be used in all writ ing on the trace. 6. It is im por tant to note that the draught of the ship should be the same as the depth of the trans mis sion line. If the lat ter is set to zero a note to this ef fect should be made on the trace, giv ing the draught of the ship. 7. In sets which have two op er at ing speeds (e.g. me tre or me tre x 10) the trans mis sion line must be sep a rately ad justed to show the cor rect scale read ing in each speed. 8. At ten tion is drawn to Ad mi ralty Pub li ca tions THE MAR I NERS HAND BOOK NP 100 (2004) ECHO SOUND ING - Paras 2-79 to

14 SOUTH AF RI CAN NO TICE TO MAR I NERS NO TICE NO 5 OF 2009 For mer No tice No 5/2008 is cancelled. This is a rep e ti tion of the for mer no tice. RULES FOR THE NAV I GA TION OF LADEN TANK ERS OFF THE SOUTH AF RI CAN COAST 1. Two IMO ap proved Traf fic Sep a ra tion Schemes (IMO Resolution A.858 (20)) are in force on the Agulhas Bank. De tails as fol lows. They are oblig a tory for Laden Tank ers. Cargo ves sels may use the in shore routes but if they nav i gate in the vi cin ity of the Traf fic Sep a ra tion Schemes they shall com ply with the pro vi sion of Route ing Schemes as laid down in the IMO Pub li ca tion Ships Route ing. 2. TRAF FIC SEP A RA TION SCHEME OFF FA PLAT FORM 47 MILES SOUTH OF MOSSEL BAY (Ref er ence Charts: SAN 4, SAN 57, INT 7510 SAN 81, INT 7520 SAN 82, SAN 122 De scrip tion of traf fic sep a ra tion scheme. a. A sep a ra tion zone is bounded by a line con nect ing the fol low ing geo graph ical points: (1) S E (2) S E (3) S E (4) S E (5) S E b. A traf fic lane for eastbound traffic is es tab lished be tween the sep a ra tion zone and the sep a ra tion line con nect ing the fol low ing geo graph ical points: (6) S E (7) S E (8) S E c. A traf fic lane for westbound traffic is es tab lished be tween the traf fic sep a ra tion zone and the sep a ra tion line con nect ing the fol - low ing geo graph ical points: (9) S E (10) S E 3. TRAF FIC SEP A RA TION SCHEME OFF ALPHARD BANKS 34 MILES SOUTH OF CAPE INFANTA (Ref er ence Charts: SAN 4, SAN 56, SAN 57, INT 7510 SAN 81, SAN 121 Note: The SAN charts are based on Cape Da tum (Clarke 1880 Mod). De scrip tion of traf fic sep a ra tion scheme. a. A sep a ra tion zone is bounded by a line con nect ing the fol low ing geo graph ical points: (1) S E (2) S E (3) S E (4) S E b. A traf fic lane for westbound traffic is es tab lished be tween the traf fic sep a ra tion zone and the sep a ra tion line con nect ing the fol - low ing geo graph ical points: (5) S E (6) 34 53,45 S E c. A traf fic lane for eastbound traffic is es tab lished be tween the sep a ra tion zone and the sep a ra tion line con nect ing the fol low ing geo graph ical points: (7) S E (8) S E 4. Def i ni tion : Laden tanker means any tanker other than a tanker in bal last hav ing in its cargo tanks re sid ual cargo only. 5. In ac cor dance with IMO Res o lu tion A.858(20) the Mar i time Safety Com mit tee adopted the fol low ing route ing mea sures which come into force on 0001 UTC 1 De cem ber Laden tank ers, when westbound, when off the South Af ri can coasts, should ad here to the fol low ing : a. Laden tank ers should main tain a min i mum dis tance of 20 (twenty) nau ti cal miles off the fol low ing land marks: i. South Sand Bluff (Z6228) (D6446) ii. Mbashe Point (Z6222) (D6438) iii. Hood Point (Z6170) (D6420) iv. Cape Recife (Z6100) (D6390) 10

15 b. These tank ers should then steer to pass through the west bound or north ern lanes of the traf fic sep a ra tion schemes off the FA Plat - form and the Alphard Banks and then main tain a min i mum dis tance of 20 (twenty) nau ti cal miles from the fol low ing land - marks: i. Cape Agulhas (Z5980) (D6370) ii. Quoin Point (Z5972) (D6332) iii. Cape Point (Z5873) (D6120) iv. Slangkop Point (Z5870) (D6110) v. Cape Col um bine (Z5670) (D5810) 7. Laden tank ers when eastbound off the South Af ri can coast, should sim i larly main tain a min i mum dis tance of 25 (twenty five) nau ti cal miles when pass ing the points listed in 6.a. and 6.b. and when be tween Cape Agulhas and Cape Recife, steer a course to pass through the east - bound or south ern lanes of the traf fic sep a ra tion schemes off the Alphard Banks and FA plat form. EX EMP TIONS 8. The fol low ing ex emp tions to the laden tanker rules ap ply: a. Ves sels call ing at Cape Town (Ta ble Bay) to ren dez vous with ser vice craft or he li cop ters should fol low the rec om mended routes un til, in the case of laden tank ers, when pro ceed ing West bound, Cape Point Light bears 000 (T) x 20 nau ti cal miles, thence al ter ing course to po si tion, Slangkop Point Light 250 (T) x 20 nau ti cal miles. From this po si tion course may be al tered to the ren dez vous area 6 nau ti cal miles west ward of Green Point Light (Z5834) (D5900) (re plen ish ment area shown on charts SAN 118, 119, 1013). b. Laden tank ers en gaged on voy ages solely be tween ports in the Re pub lic of South Af rica are ex empted from the pro vi sions of para graphs 6 and 7 of these reg u la tions and are to main tain a dis tance of 10 (ten) nau ti cal miles off sa lient points of the coast sub - ject to weather, sea and cur rent con di tions, when set ting courses to their ports of load ing and dis charg ing. c. Dur ing the win ter sea son (16 April to 15 Oc to ber) west bound laden tank ers should main tain the min i mum dis tance of 20 miles off the ap pro pri ate land marks in para graph 6.a. How ever, on ap proach ing the win ter zone, they may re main within the sum mer zone as close to the sep a ra tion line as pos si ble, and for the min i mum pe riod nec es sary, to en sure that they can re main on their sum mer loadline through out. In the vi cin ity of the FA Plat form and Alphard Banks, they are to ad just their course to pass through the west bound traf fic lanes. Source : SAMSA 11

16 E Hondeklip B Green Pt Lt Port Shepstone Island Pt South Sand Bluff Lt 32 Olifants R Lambert's Bay REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA Port St Johns 32 Cape Deseada Mbashe Pt Lt 34 S SUMMER ZONE SUMMER ZONE WINTER SEASONAL ZONE Cape Infanta 36 Cape Columbine Lt Saldanha Bay Dassen I 34 S Table B Port Bird I Due West 17 E CAPE TOWN Knysna Elizabeth Due East Cape Recife Lt Slangkoppunt Lt Mossel B 34 S 28 E Cape Point Lt FA PLATFORM 34 Cape St Francis Cape Seal Cape St Blaize Atlantic Ocean WINTER SEASONAL ZONE East London Great Fish Pt C Hangklip Quoin Pt Lt Cape Agulhas Lt Indian Ocean Hood Pt Lt Great Kei R SUMMER ZONE 34 S Alphard Banks ALPHARD BANKS 35 10'S 20 E 30' FA Platform 36 Cape Infanta Cape Agulhas SOUTHERN WINTER SEASONAL ZONE Winter : 16 April to 15 October Summer : 16 October to 15 April SUMMER ZONE WINTER SEASONAL ZONE SIX MILE BANK Struis Point TWELVE MILE BANK (5) (1) Vessels westbound (20 nautical miles) Vessels eastbound (25 nautical miles) SUMMER ZONE WINTER SEASONAL ZONE ALPHARD BANKS (3) (7) (6) (2) (4) (8) 30' E E 50 Ystervark Point 30' MOSSEL BAY Gouritz River Cape St Blaize (9) (1) (3) (6) (4) (7) (10) (2) FA Platform (5) (8) 22 30' 12

17 SOUTH AF RI CAN NO TICE TO MAR I NERS NO 6 OF 2009 For mer No tice No 6/2008 is cancelled. This is a rep e ti tion of the for mer no tice. SOUTH AF RICA, Oil Pol lu tion - Ob ser va tion and Re port ing 1. The South Af ri can Mar i time Safety Au thor ity (SAMSA) is the re spon si ble au thor ity for the ad min is tra tion of the Marine Pollution (Control and Civil Li a bil ity) Act 6 of 1981, as amended. 2. As the pre ven tion of the pol lu tion of the sea by oil is of in ter na tional im por tance it is con sid ered that ves sels on pas sage along the coast line of the Re pub lic of South Af rica or ly ing in an an chor age off the var i ous ports can be of in valu able as sis tance to the De part ment by re port ing: a. Oil slicks sighted; b. Oil ac ci dently dis charged; c. Oil dis charged in the in ter ests of Safety of Life at Sea; d. Ves sels in dis tress likely to cause oil pol lu tion. 3. Agree ment has been reached with TELKOM that ra dio tele phone or ra dio te leg ra phy re ports of this na ture passed through South Af ri can Coast Ra dio Sta tions, de pend ing on the lo cal ity, ra dio re ports may be ad dressed to The Prin ci pal Of fi cer of SAMSA via port con trol (VHF Chan nel 16) at the fol low ing ports: Rich ards Bay, Durban, East Lon don, Port Eliz a beth, Mossel Bay, Cape Town and Saldanha Bay. 4. The fol low ing is a guide as to the ap pear ance of oil on the sea and the method of re port ing such oil: a. Ef fect of oil on ap pear ance of the wa ter: i. Con di tion 1 :Barely vis i ble un der most favourable light conditions. ii. iii. iv. Con di tion 2 :Vis i ble as a sil very sheen on the wa ter sur face. Con di tion 3 :First trace of col our may be ob served. Con di tion 4 :Bright bands of col our. v. Con di tion 5 :Colours be gin to turn dull nat u ral to col our of oil. vi. Con di tion 6 :Colours nat u ral to col our of oil. Note: Con di tions 4, 5 and 6 would re quire im me di ate ac tion by the Oil Pol lu tion Or gani sa tion. b. In for ma tion re quired in the text of a re port of an oil sight ing: i. Con di tion as stated above. ii. iii. iv. Po si tion. Ex tent of oil slick. Weather or wind di rec tion. v. Ves sel in volved. 5. Thus a typ i cal mes sage would read as fol lows: PRINCIPAL OFFICER SAMSA DURBAN OIL SIGHTED S E CON DI TION 6 STOP 3 BY 3 MILES FORCE 3 SE OIL TANKER SEA CAR RIER - MAS TER Note : In sert word STOP be tween phrases only when con fu sion may oc cur. 6. No Mas ter or mem ber of the crew mak ing or as so ci ated with a re port of this na ture would be called upon to give ev i dence in a court of law if his ves sel is due to sail be fore the trial. 13

18 Re port ing dis charge of oil and/or dam age to a ves sel 7. The fol low ing in for ma tion is re quired from the Mas ter for a ra dio re port of dis charge of oil and/or dam age to his ves sel when nav i gat ing within 50 nau ti cal miles of the coasts of South Af rica: a. Name and Call sign, Of fi cial Num ber and Port of Reg is try. b. Po si tion, Course and Speed. c. Na ture of Dam age (See Note be low). d. Pre vail ing weather and sea con di tions. e. If bound for a port in the Re pub lic of South Af rica. 8. If ap pli ca ble, the par tic u lars con tained in the cer tif i cate which, in terms of Ar ti cle VII of the In ter na tional Con ven tion on Civil Li a bil ity for Oil Pol lu tion, 1969, is re quired to be car ried on board. Note : Dam age to a ves sel shall be deemed to have cre ated the like li hood of a dis charge of oil if it is of such a na ture as to det ri - men tally af fect in any way the ves sel s seaworthiness or ef fi cient work ing. 9. The above in for ma tion is re quired in terms of Act No 6 of 1981(as amended). 10. Up to date tele phone lists of per sons re spon si ble for com bat ting oil spills are is sued reg u larly by SAMSA in MA RINE NO TICES. The Prin ci pal Of fi cer (PO) sta tioned clos est to the in ci dent should be the first con tact. 14

19 SOUTH AF RI CAN NO TICE TO MAR I NERS NO 7 OF 2009 For mer No tice No 7/2008 is cancelled. This is a rep e ti tion of the for mer no tice. STORM WARN INGS TO SHIP PING 1. Storm warn ings to ship ping will be broad cast im me di ately on re ceipt on 518 khz (NAVTEX), 2182 khz and VHF Ch Storm warn ings will be re peated on the work ing fre quen cies af ter the first si lent pe riod af ter re ceipt, pre ceded by an an nounce ment on the dis tress fre quen cies. RA DIO TRANS MIS SIONS OF WEATHER BUL LE TINS FOR SHIP PING Sched ules and fre quen cies of weather bul le tins for ship ping can be found in the SA List of Lights and Ra dio Signals (SAN HO-1). SAN HO-1 is avail able from the Chart Agents listed on pages 1 and 2 of this sum mary. Note : The at ten tion of Mas ters of South Af ri can Ships is drawn to the re quire ments of the Mer chant Ship ping Act, 1951 (Act 57 of 1951), Sec tion 249. This sec tion states that the Mas ter, meet ing with a dan ger ous storm or any other di rect dan ger to nav i ga tion, shall immediately send information, accordingly, by all possible means of communication at his disposal. 15

20 SOUTH AF RI CAN NO TICE TO MAR I NERS NO 8 OF 2009 For mer No tice No 8/2008 is cancelled. This is a rep e ti tion of the for mer no tice. SOUTH AFRICAN SHIP REPORTING SYSTEM (SAFREP) 1. The South Af ri can Ship Re port ing Sys tem (SAFREP) has been es tab lished by the De part ment of Trans port to as sist in search and res cue at sea and to pro vide up-to-date in for ma tion on ship ping in the event of a mar i time ca su alty. This is achieved by the sub mis sion of move ment re - ports, via ra dio or sat el lite, by ves sels within the South Af ri can Mar i time Area of Re spon si bil ity (See di a gram in An nual No tice No. 15) to the SAFREP Co-or di na tion Cen tre at Silvermine. 2. Par tic i pa tion dur ing this trial pe riod is not com pul sory. 3. See SA List of Lights and Ra dio Signals (SAN HO-1) for work ing de tails. For fur ther in for ma tion con tact : Any Coast Ra dio Sta tion as listed in SA List of Lights and Ra dio Signals (SAN HO-1); or SAFREP Co-or di na tion Cen tre Sig nal Ad dress : SAFREPCC CAPE TOWN Tele phone : Fax : SAMSA Tele phone : Fax : mrcc.ct@samsa.org.za AUTOMATED MUTUAL ASSISTANCE VESSEL RESCUE (AMVER) 1. The AMVER Sys tem, op er ated by the United States Coast Guard, is a mar i time mu tual as sis tance or gani sa tion which pro vides im por tant aid to the de vel op ment and co-or di na tion of search and res cue (SAR) ef forts in many off shore ar eas of the world. Mer chant ves sels of all na - tions mak ing off shore voy ages are en cour aged to send move ment re ports and pe ri odic po si tion re ports to the AMVER cen tre at Coast Guard New York via se lected ra dio sta tions or INMARSAT. In for ma tion from these re ports is en tered into a com puter which sup plies dead reck on ing po si tions for ves sels while they are within the plot ting area. Char ac ter is tics of ves sels which are valu able for de ter min ing SAR ca pa bil ity are also en tered into the com puter from avail able sources of information. Appropriate information concerning the predicted location and SAR char ac ter is tics of each ves sel known to be within the area of in ter est is made avail able upon re quest to rec og nized SAR agen cies of any na tion or per son in dis tress, for use dur ing an emer gency. Pre dicted lo ca tions are only dis closed for rea sons con nected with mar i time safety. 2. Mes sages sent within the AMVER Sys tem are at no cost to the ship or owner if sent via COM SAT-C us ing the AMVER/SEAS software and des ig nated COM SAT earth sta tions. Ben e fits to ship ping in clude im proved chances of aid in emer gen cies, re duced num ber of calls for as - sis tance to ves sels not fa vour ably lo cated and re duced time lost for ves sels re spond ing to calls for as sis tance. An AMVER par tic i pant is un der no greater ob li ga tion to ren der as sis tance dur ing an emer gency than a ves sel who is not par tic i pat ing. 3. De tails of ra dio sta tions through which AMVER mes sages may be passed are given in SA List of Lights and Ra dio Signals (SAN HO-1). 4. De tails in Eng lish and many other lan guages are con tained in the AMVER User s Man ual which may be ob tained free of charge from Chief, AMVER Mar i time Re la tions, US Coast Guard, Bat tery Park Bldg., New York, N.Y , USA. Tele phone (212) ( rkenney@batteryny.uscg.mil), or at U.S. Coast Guard Of fices, Ma rine In spec tion Of fices or, at, Cap tain of the Port Of fices in ma jor U.S. Ports. (See USA No tice to Mar i ners #1 Sec tion 1 para 10). 16

21 SOUTH AF RI CAN NO TICE TO MAR I NERS NO 9 OF 2009 For mer No tice No 9/2008 is cancelled. This is a rep e ti tion of the for mer no tice. IN STRUC TIONS TO SHIP RA DIO STA TIONS Of fi cial mes sages to RSA reg is tered mer chant ships - the ZTOB Or gani sa tion. This ZTOB Orginisation is put in abey ance un til fur ther no tice. 17

22 SOUTH AF RI CAN NO TICE TO MAR I NERS NO 10 OF 2009 For mer No tice No 10/2008 is cancelled. This is a rep e ti tion of the for mer no tice. MARITIME BOUNDARIES AND ZONES 1. The Mar i time Zones Act, 1994, de fines the Mar i time Zones of the RSA (see di a gram on page 20) as fol lows : Base lines 2. Sub ject to sub sec tions a. and b. be low, the low wa ter line shall be the base line. In ter nal Wa ters a. Not with stand ing the above, straight lines join ing the grouped co-or di nates men tioned in Sched ule 2 of this Act (de tailed at the end of this No tice), shall be the base lines of the rel e vant part of the coast. b. Not with stand ing the above, the outer lim its pre scribed or de ter mined in ac cor dance with sub sec tions c. and d. be low shall be the base lines. c. Outer lim its of in ter nal wa ters re ferred to in para 2.b. be low shall be es tab lished in the pre scribed man ner. d. In the ab sence of any outer lim its of in ter nal wa ters pre scribed in ac cor dance with c. above, the outer lim its shall be the out er - most har bour works which form an in te gral part of the har bour sys tem. e. In any pro ceed ings be fore a court of law any pre scribed chart or map shall be ad mis si ble as prima fa cie proof of the con tents thereof. 3. The in ter nal wa ters of the Re pub lic shall com prise: a. all wa ters land ward of the base lines; and b. all har bours. 4. Any law in force in the Re pub lic, in clud ing the com mon law, shall also ap ply in its in ter nal wa ters and the air space above its in ter nal wa - ters. 5. The right of in no cent pas sage shall not ex ist in the in ter nal wa ters, ex cept if the in ter nal wa ters con cerned were ter ri to rial be fore the com - mence ment of this Act. Ter ri to rial Wa ters 6. The sea within a dis tance of twelve nau ti cal miles from the base lines shall be the ter ri to rial wa ters of the Re pub lic. 7. Any law in force in the Re pub lic, in clud ing the com mon law, shall also ap ply in its ter ri to rial wa ters and the air space above its ter ri to rial wa ters. 8. The right of in no cent pas sage shall ex ist in the ter ri to rial wa ters. Contig u ous Zone 9. The sea be yond the ter ri to rial wa ters re ferred to in para 6 above, but within a dis tance of twenty four nau ti cal miles from the base lines, shall be the con tig u ous zone of the Re pub lic. 10. Within the con tig u ous zone and the air space above it, the Re pub lic shall have the right to ex er cise any pow ers which may be con sid ered nec es sary to pre vent con tra ven tion of any fis cal law or any cus toms, em i gra tion, im mi gra tion or san i tary law and to make such con tra ven tion punish able. Mar i time Cul tural Zone 11. The sea be yond the ter ri to rial wa ters re ferred to in para 6, but within a dis tance of twenty four nau ti cal miles from the base lines, shall be the mar i time cul tural zone of the Re pub lic. 12. Sub ject to any other law the Re pub lic shall have, in re spect of ob jects of an ar chae o log i cal na ture found in the mar i time cul tural zone, the same rights and pow ers as it has in re spect of its ter ri to rial wa ters. Exclu sive Eco nomic Zone 13. The sea be yond the ter ri to rial wa ters re ferred to in para 6, but within a dis tance of two hun dred nau ti cal miles from the base lines, shall be the ex clu sive eco nomic zone of the Re pub lic. 14. Sub ject to any other law the Re pub lic shall have, in re spect of ob jects of all nat u ral re sources in the ex clu sive eco nomic zone, the same rights and pow ers as it has in re spect of its ter ri to rial wa ters. 18

23 Continental Shelf 15. The con ti nen tal shelf as de fined in Ar ti cle 76 of the United Na tions Con ven tion on the Law of the Sea, 1982, adopted at Montego Bay on 10 De cem ber 1982, shall be the con ti nen tal shelf of the Re pub lic. 16. Sub ject to any other law the outer lim its of the con ti nen tal shelf shall con sist of a se ries of straight lines join ing the co-or di nates men tioned in Sched ule 3 of this Act (not de tailed). 17. For the pur poses of : a. ex plo ra tion of nat u ral re sources, as de fined in para graph 4 of Ar ti cle 77 of the United Na tions Con ven tion on the Law of the Sea, 1982, and b. any law re lat ing to min ing of pre cious stones, met als or min er als, in clud ing nat u ral oil, the con ti nen tal shelf shall be deemed to be unalienated State land. 18. The co-or di nates listed in the ta ble be low es tab lish six straight base lines along the coast of the Re pub lic. A dot ted line be tween grouped co-or di nates in di cates the end/start of a straight base line. The straight base lines are sep a rated by coast line. Sched ule 2 : Straight Base lines of the Re pub lic of South Af rica (These co-or di nates are based on the WGS 84 Spher oid to an ac cu racy of 1" (arc) Lat i tude South Lon gi tude East Lat i tude South Lon gi tude East Lat i tude South Lon gi tude East

24 NAMIBIA SOUTH AFRICA EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ZONE SOUTH AFRICAN MARITIME BOUNDARIES MAINLAND AND PRINCE EDWARD ISLANDS Territorial Waters (12 NM) Contiguous Zone (24NM) MOÇAMBIQUE NM Territorial Waters (12 NM) Contiguous Zone (24NM) EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ZONE Prince Edward I Marion I Prepared in the Hydrographic Office on 12 September 1994 under the supervision of Captain B.H. Teuteberg, Hydrographer, SA Navy Iles Crozet RSA MOÇAMBIQUE 200 NM 200 NAMIBIA RSA 20

25 SOUTH AF RI CAN NO TICE TO MAR I NERS NO 11 OF 2009 For mer No tice No 11/2008 is cancelled. This is a rep e ti tion of the for mer no tice. INFORMATION CONCERNING SUBMARINES Part I - SUB MA RINE WARN ING SIG NALS 1. Mar i ners are warned that con sid er able haz ard to life may re sult from dis re gard ing the fol low ing warn ing sig nals, which de note the pres - ence of sub ma rines: Vi sual Sig nals 2. South Af ri can war ships fly the In ter na tional Code Group NE2 to de note that sub ma rines, which may be sub merged, are in the vi cin ity. Other ves sels are cau tioned to steer a course so as to give a wide berth to any ves sel fly ing this sig nal. If, for any rea son, it is nec es sary to ap - proach her, a good look out must be kept for sub ma rines, whose pres ence may be in di cated only by their peri scopes or snort masts show ing above wa ter. 3. A sub ma rine sub merged at peri scope depth at night, may some times in di cate her po si tion by means of an un der wa ter lan tern, which will il - lu mi nate the sea sur face from be low. Pyrotechnics and Smoke Candles 4. The fol low ing sig nals are used by sub merged sub ma rines: a. Yel low smoke sig nal (with flame) - in di cates po si tion in re sponse to a re quest from a ship or as re quired. b. Green smoke sig nal (with flame) - used to in di cate the po si tion from which a prac tice tor pedo has been fired. All ves sels are re - quested to keep clear as the sub ma rine may want to sur face af ter the fir ing. c. Red smoke sig nals (with flame) - which may be ac com pa nied by smoke can dles re peated as of ten as pos si ble, mean - Keep clear. I am car ry ing out an emer gency sur fac ing pro ce dure. Do not stop pro pel lers. Clear the area im me di ately. Stand by to ren - der as sis tance. Note: If the red pyro flare is sighted and the sub ma rine does not sur face within 5 min utes, it should be as sumed that the sub ma rine is in dis - tress and has sunk. An im me di ate at tempt should be made to fix the po si tion in which the sig nal was sighted, af ter which ac tion in ac cor - dance with Part IV should be taken. d. Two yel low smoke sig nals re leased 3 min utes apart mean - Keep clear. I am pre par ing to sur face. Do not stop pro pel lers. Clear the im me di ate vi cin ity. 5. It must not be in ferred from the above that sub ma rines ex er cise only when in com pany with es cort ing ves sels. 6. In cer tain cir cum stances warn ings that sub ma rines are ex er cis ing in spec i fied ar eas may be broad cast by a Coast Ra dio Sta tion. Part II - NAV I GA TION LIGHTS 7. Sub ma rines may be en coun tered on the sur face by night, par tic u larly in the vi cin ity of the fol low ing ports: Saldanha Bay, Cape Town, Si mon s Town, Hout Bay, Port Eliz a beth, East Lon don and Durban. 8. The steam ing and side lights of South Af ri can sub ma rines ap pear to be placed well for ward and very low above the wa ter in pro por tion to the length and ton nage of these ves sels. South Af ri can sub ma rines are fit ted with an am ber quick flash ing light sit u ated abaft of the steam ing light as an aid to iden ti fi ca tion. It will also be used when snort ing. While at an chor or at a buoy by night sub ma rines dis play nor mal an chor lights. 9. The over all ar range ments of sub ma rines lights are there fore un usual and may well give the im pres sion of be ing mark edly smaller and shorter ves sels than they are. Their vul ner a bil ity to col li sion when pro ceed ing on the sur face dic tates par tic u lar cau tion when ap proach ing them. Part III - COL LI SIONS WITH SUB MA RINES 10. Most sub ma rine losses dur ing peace time have been caused by col li sion with other ves sels. Sub ma rines, with their low buoy ancy fac tor, if in volved in a col li sion, may sink or be un able to sur face be cause of their buoy ancy (bal last) tanks hav ing been rup tured. 11. Be cause of their size and low pro file, sur faced sub ma rines are of ten dif fi cult to see. Sub ma rines op er at ing at peri scope depth are ob vi ously even more dif fi cult to de tect. 12. Col li sion or sus pected col li sion, with a sub ma rine must be re ported by the fast est means avail able to the near est Coast Ra dio Sta tion. The po si tion of the col li sion to gether with the es ti mated cur rent, wind force and sea state, as well as any other rel e vant par tic u lars, must be in cluded in the re port. 13. The re port should be sent by ra dio us ing Emer gency Clear ance Pro ce dure on dis tress or nor mal fre quen cies. The mes sage can be passed di - rect to NAVCOMCENCAPE, via a Coast Ra dio Sta tion or har bour ra dio net work, which ever is con sid ered the faster, as speed of han dling is es sen tial. The mes sage will then be sent to the Chief of the Navy, Navy Of fice, Pre to ria, or, sig nals ad dress, Force Prep a ra tion Op er a tion Cen - tre, tele phone (Cape Town) /4129, fax (Cape Town)

26 Part IV - SUNKEN SUB MA RINES 14. A bot tomed sub ma rine which is un able to sur face will try to in di cate its po si tion by the fol low ing meth ods: a. Re leas ing two life rafts, which are equipped with EPIRBS, as soon as the in ci dent oc curs. The life rafts are de scribed in Part V. b. On the ap proach of sur face ves sels, and at reg u lar in ter vals, by fir ing the smoke sig nals de scribed in Par 4 un der Part 1. c. Pump ing out oil fuel or lu bri cat ing oil. d. Blow ing out air. e. Ac ti vat ing her So nar Bea con. The So nar Bea con is de scribed in Part V. f. Trans mit ting on her un der wa ter tele phone. The un der wa ter tele phone is de scribed in Part V. 15. It is vi tally im por tant that sur face ships re frain from dis charg ing any oil or de bris which might ap pear to have come from a sub ma rine. Search ing ships and air craft can waste valu able time in ves ti gat ing such false con tacts. 16. Some sub ma rine py ro tech nics may carry mes sages. These may be re cov ered as soon as they have fin ished burn ing and the con tents of mes sages to gether with the po si tion and time of re cov ery of the py ro tech nic must be passed to : a. Any Na val ves sel in the vi cin ity, or b. NAVCOMCENCAPE, Pri vate Bag X1, TOKAI, 7966, tele phone (Cape Town) , or c. COMFLEET, Na val Base, Si mon's Town. d. the near est branch of the South Af ri can Po lice Ser vice. Mes sages should be passed by the most rapid means of com mu ni ca tion avail able. 17. South Af ri can sub ma rines are fit ted with two life rafts, each fit ted with its own EPIRB which can be re leased from in side in case of emer - gency or if the sub ma rine is un able to sur face. 18. In any sub ma rine ac ci dent, time is the most vi tal fac tor af fect ing the chances of res cue of sur vi vors, and, as the sight ing of life rafts may be the first in ti ma tion that an ac ci dent has in fact oc curred, it is vi tal that no time should be lost in tak ing ac tion. 19. The sight ing of any smoke sig nals and/or life rafts an swer ing the de scrip tion should be re ported at once to the Na val au thor i ties or a Port Of fice. But if a ves sel is un able to es tab lish com mu ni ca tion with out leav ing the vi cin ity of the sunken sub ma rine, she should stand by to res cue sur vi vors and not leave the scene of the ac ci dent. 20. South Af ri can sub ma rines are equipped with smoke sig nals and life rafts. It is there fore of the ut most im por tance that the po si tion, to gether with the es ti mated cur rent and the strength and di rec tion of the wind at the po si tion, and the time of first sight ing of the smoke sig nals and/or life rafts be ac cu rately and speed ily re ported to any of the au thor i ties men tioned in para 16 above. 21. At any time af ter a sub ma rine ac ci dent sur vi vors may start at tempt ing to es cape. Cur rent pol icy dic tates that sur vi vors will wait be fore es - caping un til : a. res cue ves sels are known to be stand ing by, or b. con di tions in side the sub ma rine de te ri o rate to such an ex tent that an at tempt at es cape must be made. c. it is de ter mined whether or not a DSRV res cue is pos si ble. The DSRV is de scribed in Part V. 22. It should be noted that the air sup ply in a sunken sub ma rine may last for sev eral days, in which case sit u a tion b. may not arise for a con sid er - able time af ter the sink ing. How ever, if the sub ma rine is badly dam aged, sur vi vors may have to make an im me di ate es cape at tempt. Any ship find ing smoke sig nals and/or life rafts an swer ing the de scrip tion should stand by well clear of it ready to pick up sur vi vors who will prob a bly sur face at a dis tance from it de pend ing on the ef fect of wind and cur rent. On ar rival on the sur face men may be ex hausted or ill, and the pres ence of a boat al ready low ered is very de sir able should weather con di tions per mit. Some men may re quire a de com pres sion cham ber and the Na val au thor i ties will try to get such a cham ber to the scene as soon as pos si ble. 23. In or der that those trapped in the sub ma rine shall be made aware that help is at hand, na val ves sels drop small charges into the sea which can be heard from in side the sub ma rine. It is vi tal that they are not dropped too close since men in the pro cess of mak ing as cents are par tic u larly vul ner a ble to un der wa ter ex plo sions, and may eas ily be fa tally in jured. A dis tance of 0.25 miles is con sid ered safe. If no small charges are avail able, the run ning of an echo sounder or the bang ing of the outer skin of the ship s hull with a ham mer from a po si tion be low the wa ter-line is likely to be heard in the sub ma rine, and such bang ing and/or sound ing should be car ried out at fre quent in ter vals. 24. Sub ma rines may at any time re lease py ro tech nic signals which, on reach ing the sur face, burn with flames and/or smoke, thus serv ing to mark the po si tion. They are likely to ac knowl edge sound sig nals by this means. 25. Sum ming up, the aims of a Sub ma rine Res cue Op er a tion are: a. To fix the ex act po si tion of the sub ma rine. b. To get a ship stand ing by to pick up sur vi vors, if prac ti ca ble, with boats al ready low ered. c. To get med i cal as sis tance to sur vi vors picked up. d. To get a diver s de com pres sion cham ber to the scene in case this is re quired by those se ri ously ill af ter be ing ex posed to great pressure. e. To in form the trapped men that help is at hand. 22

27 f. To get a DSRV to the scene of the sub ma rine in ci dent. 26. There is a Na val or ga ni za tion de signed to ful fill these aims, which is al ways kept at in stant readi ness for ac tion. It is clear, how ever, that any ship may at any time find ev i dence of a sub ma rine di sas ter, and if she takes prompt and cor rect ac tion as de scribed above, she may be in a po si tion to play a vi tal part. Part V - SUB MA RINE RES CUE DEVICES 27. The sub ma rine is fit ted with two life rafts, which can be re leased from in board in case of an emer gency (See Fig ure 1). They have the fol - low ing char ac ter is tics: a. The life rafts pop out of pres sure proof GRP con tain ers. These GRP con tain ers will be vis i ble on the sur face. b. Each life raft can carry 25 per sons. c. The life raft is teth ered to the sub ma rine with 600m of rope. d. Each life raft is fit ted with: i. EPIRB. The Emer gency Po si tion In di cat ing Ra dio Bea con is teth ered to the life raft and is ac ti vated as soon as it co mes into con tact with the sea wa ter. The EPIRB trans mits a sig nal of war bling notes on 406 MHz. Ships hear ing this sig nal should re port the fact giv ing their po si tion and if pos si ble, an in di ca tion of sig nal strength. ii. iii. SART. The Search and Res cue Ra dar Tran sponder is used to lo cate sur vival craft or dis tressed ves sels by cre at ing a se ries of dots on a res cu ing ship s ra dar dis play. The re sponse fre quency is GHz. Por ta ble VHF ra dio. 28. The So nar Bea con serves to alert res cue au thor i ties to the sub ma rines po si tion and to pro vide a hom ing sig nal for the DSRV. It op er ates at a fre quency of 3,5 and 12 khz. 29. The sub ma rine is fit ted with an un der wa ter tele phone, which is ca pa ble of voice and Morse com mu ni ca tions. 30. The DSRV (deep sea res cue ves sel) is a mini sub mers ible ca pa ble of res cu ing per son nel from the sub ma rine should the sub ma rine have bot tomed or have fouled un der wa ter (See Fig ure 2). The sub ma rines for ward hatch is con fig ured to re ceive the DSRV skirt and form a wa ter - tight con nec tion. This al lows the for ward hatch to be opened and for the trapped per son nel to be trans ferred to the DSRV. Figure 1 Figure 2 23