SAFE-WORK PRACTICES Working On Or Near Energized Electrical Equipment CAT A-1 SOP #4

Transcription

1 SUNCOR ENERGY PRODUCTS DISTRIBUTION TERMINAL OPERATING MANUAL STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE SAFE-WORK PRACTICES Working On Or Near Energized Electrical Equipment Lifesaving Rules Supporting Document Verify isolation before work begins and use the specific life protecting equipment Date Issued: January 2010 Revision Date: December 2016 Review Date: December 2019 Revision # Reviewers: B. Buchanan Approver: Mike Cassaday R. Rattray 1.0 PURPOSE The purpose of this document is to define and communicate the precautions and requirements that must be observed when exposed to electrical hazards while performing work on or near energized electrical equipment, conductors, or circuits. All Suncor employees and Contractor personnel performing work at Suncor Distribution Facilities shall comply with the minimum requirements contained in this standard. 2.0 SCOPE This Standard Operating Procedure shall apply to all employees and contractors who are required to work on or energized electrical equipment, conductors or circuits while at assets owned and operated by Suncor Energy Distribution Terminals. References in this document to Suncor Personnel include directors, officers, employees, contract workers, consultants and agents of Suncor.

2 3.0 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS OEMS Element 9, Operational & Maintenance Controls PSM Standard, Operating & Safe Work Procedures, CO-S12A Distribution Standard Operating Procedure, Electrical Isolation, SOP Cat A-2, SOP #09 Distribution Standard Operating Procedure, Work Permitting, Cat A-1, SOP #06 Distribution Standard Operating Procedure, Personal Protective Equipment, CSA Standard Z CSA Standard Z , Control of Hazardous Energy Applicable Provincial Occupational Health & Safety Regulations 4.0 PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS 4.1 Specific Hazards Typical hazards that may be encountered while executing mechanical isolations may include; Ergonomic Hazards Awkward Body Position Parts of Body in Line of Fire Work Environment Hazards Exposure to electrical hazards Exposure to hydrocarbons or other chemicals Limited access / egress Lock-Out Procedure Personal Limitations Distractions in work area Confusing instructions No training or lack of training Fitness for duty Working With Energized Electrical Eqt Page 2 of 19

3 4.2 Training Proper training and demonstrated competency are prerequisites to performing this Standard Operating Procedure. Training shall be provided by a competent person and records shall be maintained. All employees who are required to utilize this procedure must review and successfully complete competency verification on a frequency not to exceed three years. All Suncor employees and contractor personnel performing electrical work at Suncor Distribution Facilities shall provide the records with information necessary to ensure the capabilities in performing the electrical task safely. 4.3 Personal Protective Equipment Personal protective equipment as outlined in Distribution Standard Operating Procedure, Cat A- 1, SOP #10 or as specified in the Safe Work Permit depending on the work to be completed as per the job scope requirements. Arc flash specific PPE requirements for equipment which has had no calculated energy analysis ( Arc Flash Label ) are determined by identifying the risk using Table 4A and 4B and selecting PPE from Table 5 of CSA Z462-15; or when arc energy calculation has been made ( Arc Flash Label ) by using Annex H Table H.2 of CSA Z Selection of Arc-rated Clothing and other PPE. 5.0 RESPONSIBILITIES Terminal Management; Responsible for ensuring full implementation and compliance of this standard operating procedure. Responsible for providing all equipment and personnel training that is required for compliance with this standard. Responsible to complete regular audits of electrical isolation activities and document findings in Suncor reporting tool. Working With Energized Electrical Eqt Page 3 of 19

4 Responsible to ensure all Terminal Employees who are required to utilize electrical isolation activities as part of their normal job function are verified for competency at an interval not to exceed three years. Responsible to ensure facility has completed an arc flash study and facility is appropriately labelled. Responsible to ensure if no study has been carried out that the equipment falls within the parameters set out in Table 4B, with respect to the voltage, type of equipment, available fault current and the clearing time of the overcurrent device at the equipment being worked on. Operating Authority; Responsible to ensure all sources of energy are isolated and verify the equipment is at zero energy state. Visit work site with Performing Authority and review requirements of the safe work permit including the isolation points. Notify the Performing Authority of any changing conditions or potential impacts to the work area. Preparing and issuing the safe work permit. Performing Authority; Responsible to review and accept the Safe Work Permit on behalf of themselves or on behalf of associated Workers who will be required to complete work under that permit. Responsible to verify that all sources of energy are isolated. Visit work site with Operating Authority and review requirements of the safe work permit including the isolation points. Notify the Operating Authority of any changing conditions or potential impacts to the work area. Perform task as outlined on the Safe Work Permit in a safe and responsible manner. 6.0 SUSTAINMENT AND CONTINUAL IMPROVEMENT This document is classified as a Critical Safe-Work Practice and as such must comply with the Critical Safe-Work Practice Standard outlined in Distribution Procedure Program, Cat A-3, SOP #01. Working With Energized Electrical Eqt Page 4 of 19

5 Distribution Leadership Team shall initiate document review process. To ensure this Standard Operating Procedure documents meets all applicable OEMS standards, this document is to be reviewed at a frequency not to exceed 3 years or when conditions change to warrant a review 7.0 DEFINITIONS Terminal Management; highest level of authority on site, may be manager, supervisor or a delegated responsibility Electric shock; is contact with energized electrical equipment, conductors or circuit parts that cause the flow of electrical current through the body Arc flash; is a flash created by current flow through the air between two or more conductors, or circuit parts and/or the equipment enclosure (ground) which ionizes and super heats the air very rapidly Arc Flash Boundary; when an arc flash hazard exists, an approach limit at a distance from a prospective arc source within which a person could receive a second-degree burn if an electrical arc flash were to occur. *** NOTE *** A second-degree burn is possible by an exposure of unprotected skin to an electric arc flash above the incident-energy level of 5 J/cm² (1.2 cal./cm)² Persons crossing into the arc flash protection boundary are required to wear the appropriate PPE as determined by selection from Table 5 when no calculation has been completed, or Annex H when Energy Analysis has been completed Working With Energized Electrical Eqt Page 5 of 19

6 Arc Blast; is the release of tremendous pressures as a result of an arc fault where current flows through the air between two conductors or a conductor and ground Electrical equipment; includes machinery, plant, works, wires, pipes, poles, conduits, apparatus, appliances and equipment, designed or used, or intended for use, for or in connection with generation, transmission, supply, distribution or use of electrical energy for any purpose; Limited Approach Boundary; is a shock protection boundary to be crossed by only qualified persons (at a distance from a live part as specified by Tables 1A and 1B of CSA Z462-15) which is not to be crossed by unqualified persons unless escorted by a qualified person Restricted Approach Boundary; is a a shock protection boundary to be crossed by only qualified persons (at a distance from a live part as specified by Tables 1A and 1B of CSA Z462-15) which, due to its proximity to a shock hazard, requires the use of shock protection techniques and equipment when crossed 8.0 PREREQUISITIES Only qualified person(s) with skills and knowledge to the construction and operation of electrical equipment and installations and has received safety training on the hazards involved shall perform the work. 9.0 HAZARDS There are three main electrical hazards: <1> ELECTRIC SHOCK <2> ARC FLASH <3> ARC BLAST However, when working on electrical equipment, other additional hazards must be reviewed, such as: height, confined space, environment, etc. Working With Energized Electrical Eqt Page 6 of 19

7 9.1 ELECTRIC SHOCK Electric shock is contact with energized electrical equipment, conductors or circuit parts that cause the flow of electrical current through the body. The severity of the shock is determined by the amount of electrical current, the total time that it flows through the body, and where it flows through the body. A current as low as 23 milliamps may be fatal due to respiratory paralysis and 100 milliamps due to heart ventricular fibrillation. Humid or wet conditions or sweaty skin increase the potential for electrical shock. The shock hazard must be considered at any voltage greater than or equal to 50V as defined in CSA Z462. Lower frequencies associated with variable frequency drives and the like, increase the risk of electrocution by lowering the level of current at which we can let go of an energized conductor or circuit part (10Hz as low as 10 ma- 100Hz as high as 100 ma and at normal frequency (60Hz - 60 ma). 9.2 ARC FLASH Electrical equipment that faults and creates an arc flash can expose a worker to extreme heat causing severe burn. Arc flashes are created by current flow through the air between two or more conductors, or circuit parts which ionizes and super heats the air very rapidly. Some secondary hazards related to arc flash are: Fire Toxic smoke inhalation from vaporized copper Sound pressure that could damage hearing High intensity, UV/IR light that may damage eyesight Flying molten metal that may cause injury An electrical equipment arc flash can produce temperatures up to 20,000⁰C (35,000⁰F), a temperatures at which materials are vaporized. This explosive release of energy can result in injuries caused by an intense blast of heat, noise, light and air pressure which can spread molten metal at great distances. When the explosion occurs within a motor control centre or switchgear, the release is intensified. Working With Energized Electrical Eqt Page 7 of 19

8 9.3 ARC BLAST Is associated with the release of tremendous pressures as a result of an arc fault where current flows through the air between two conductors or a conductor and ground. Vaporized copper, molten metal, pressure waves, shrapnel, intense noise and toxic smoke/gases are some of the resultants of an arc blast. Dangers associated with an arc blast event are high pressure, sound and shrapnel. The high pressures can easily exceed hundreds or even thousands of pounds per square foot, knocking workers off ladders, rupturing ear-drums, and collapsing lungs. The sound associated with these pressures can exceed 165 db. Finally, material and molten metal is expelled away from the arc at speeds exceeding 1120 kilometres per hour (700 MPH), fast enough for shrapnel to completely penetrate the human body BASIC ELECTRICAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS AND REQUIREMENTS Safety related work practices shall be employed to prevent electric shock or other injuries resulting from either direct or indirect electrical contacts, when work is performed on electrical equipment, conductors or circuit parts which are or may be energized. The specific safetyrelated work practices shall be consistent with the nature and extent of the associated electrical hazards. Energized electrical conductors or circuit parts to which an employee may be exposed shall be de-energized before the employee works on them, unless the employer can demonstrate that deenergizing introduces additional or increased hazards or is infeasible due to equipment design or operational limitations. Energized electrical conductors or circuit parts that operate at less than 50 volts to ground need not be de-energized if there will be no increased exposure to electrical burns or to explosion due to electric arcs. Extra-low voltage will require thermal PPE when it is determined that the incident energy that is available is greater than 1.2 cal./cm². Working With Energized Electrical Eqt Page 8 of 19

9 *** NOTE *** Examples of increased or additional hazards include interruption of life support equipment, deactivation of emergency alarm systems, or shutdown of hazardous location ventilation equipment. *** NOTE *** Examples of work that must be performed on energized circuit parts because of infeasibility due to equipment design or operational limitations includes testing of circuits that can only be performed with circuit energized. Recommended Electrical Practices for Distribution Terminals are as follows: All electrical equipment should be considered energized until it is proven de-energized. by a qualified person using approved test equipment to confirm 0 voltage. No personnel should begin work on de-energized parts until this verification has been completed. Do not rush when planning or carrying out the electrical work. All near misses and electrical incidents (arc flash and shock) shall be reported immediately. These incidents should be fully investigated, lessons learned and recommendations implemented. Working With Energized Electrical Eqt Page 9 of 19

10 No worker should begin any electrical work until he/she fully understands the instructions received and in no circumstances should that person exceed those instructions. Should any person consider that the instructions given cannot be carried out safely, that person should refer the matter immediately to an appropriate supervisor. No worker should interfere with ground connections, locks, tags, danger or warning signs, or safety devices; or attempt to close a switch that is in the open position. Only use tools that are properly insulated and approved to the appropriate standard. Test every circuit and every conductor, every time before you touch. Use Test-Before Touch procedure. Do not work on any electrical circuit where the area is damp or wet until insulated rubber matting or rated footwear is available and utilized, and the circuit is isolated and grounded. During the execution of a task if any changes are noticed from planned procedures, then immediately stop the task, think and analyze, assess the risk, control the risk and then resume work ALERTING TECHNIQUES The following alerting techniques shall be used to warn and protect all persons from hazards which could cause injury due to electric shock, arc flash or failure of electric equipment parts. Safety signs, safety symbols, or accident prevention tags shall be used where necessary to warn employees about electrical hazards which may endanger them. Working With Energized Electrical Eqt Page 10 of 19

11 Barricades shall be used in conjunction with safety signs where it is necessary to prevent or limit individual access to work areas exposing individuals to non-insulated energized conductors or circuit parts. Conductive barricades may not be used where they might cause an electrical contact hazard. If signs and barricades do not provide sufficient warning and protection from electrical hazards, a standby/signal person shall be stationed to warn and protect employees from entering the area. An attendant may also be utilized when the task duration is known to be short, thus eliminating the need to establish the physical barrier or when a physical barrier is infeasible CONDUCTIVE APPAREL Conductive articles of jewellery and clothing (such as watch bands, bracelets, rings, keys, chains, necklaces, metalized aprons, cloth with conductive thread, or metal headgear) shall not be worn ELECTRICAL SAFETY INTERLOCKS Electrical safety interlocks are mechanical linkages, electrical equipment or other devices which prevent exposure to energized parts or circuits and operation of the equipment when starter/breaker doors are opened. Electrical interlocks must not be defeated or disabled other than for testing or during maintenance checks. It shall be noted on the permit that interlocks will be defeated. Only an Authorized and/or Qualified Electrical Worker may defeat an electrical safety interlock, and then only temporarily while he or she is working on the equipment. The interlock system shall be returned to its operable condition when the work is completed. Working With Energized Electrical Eqt Page 11 of 19

12 14.0 ELECTRICALLY SAFE WORK CONDITION An electrically safe work condition shall be achieved when performed in accordance with the procedures of CSA Z462-15, and verified by the following process: 1) Determine all possible sources of electrical supply to the specific equipment. Check applicable up-to-date single line drawings, diagrams and identification tags. 2) After properly interrupting the load current, ( Refer to SOP #09 Electrical Isolation ) open the disconnecting device(s) for each source. 3) Where it is possible, visually verify that all blades of the disconnecting devices are fully open or draw out type circuit breakers are withdrawn to the fully disconnected position. 4) Apply Lock Out/Tag Out devices in accordance with Suncor Standards. 5) Use an adequately rated voltage detector (certified to the appropriate standard) to test each conductor phase to phase and phase to ground to verify they are de-energized. Before and after each test, determine that the voltage detector is operating satisfactorily. Test-Before-Touch. 6) Where possible induced voltages or stored electrical energy exist, ground the phase conductors or circuit parts before touching them. If it is know that capacitors exist in a circuit allow discharge time as recommended by the manufacturer or as defined in the Canadian Electrical Safety Code. Rule Where it could be reasonably anticipated that the conductors or circuit parts being de-energized could contact other exposed energized conductors or circuit parts, apply ground connecting devices rated for the available fault duty. Working With Energized Electrical Eqt Page 12 of 19

13 15.0 ELECTRICALLY SAFE WORK PROCEDURES An electrical safe work procedure is a written step by step description of how to perform a job from start to finish. A safe work procedure will include the appropriate safe work practices and will highlight the safety requirements MAINTENANCE All tools and equipment shall be properly maintained so as to reduce risk of injuries to employees or damage to property. Supervision shall ensure that all preventative maintenance is carried out by qualified personnel according to established schedules and that records are maintained. All electrical workers shall regularly check all tools and equipment that they are working with, and shall take out of service any tools or equipment that poses a hazard due to a need for repair. Employees are expected to inspect and monitor equipment and report problems to the appropriate supervisor. Personally issued safety equipment is the responsibility of the individual to ensure tests, checks or maintenance are conducted as necessary and recorded. Records are a necessary part of the Suncor Distribution s maintenance program. Documentation of inspections, maintenance and repairs will be kept on file in the appropriate location. Complete a field Level Risk Assessment (FLRA) for every work and ensure procedures are on hand detailing the work to be performed. It is necessary to complete an Energized Electrical Work Permit (EEWP) for all work that is not testing and/or trouble-shooting or inspection while outside the restricted approach boundary. Working With Energized Electrical Eqt Page 13 of 19

14 When conducting Hi-pot testing and Megger testing, appropriate warning signs, for example, DANGER HIGH VOLTAGE, should be posted on or near the entrance doors and flagging tape should be used to cordon off areas of high hazards. In the case of Infra-Red (IR) scans, precautions should be taken to prevent accidental contact of energized terminals by personnel, either by shielding the energized terminals or by providing barriers around the area. Ensure personal safety grounds are installed where applicable. At the completion of the job, ensure all tools and equipment are accounted for. Thoroughly inspect the electrical equipment that was worked on to ensure no tools or other materials are left inside the equipment. Ensure all utility and personal safety grounds (if they were required) are disconnected following appropriate Lock Out/Tag Out procedures. Ensure any capacitors that are in the system are bled off (e.g. 0 voltage) prior to maintenance and that bleed resistors are installed. Working With Energized Electrical Eqt Page 14 of 19

15 All personnel performing the electrical task shall ensure the following steps are taken before performing all electrical tasks: 1) Perform Risk Assessment (refer to ELECTRICAL WORK FLOW CHART ) 2) If LOW risk complete FIELD LEVEL RISK ASSESSMENT (FLRA) form 3) If HIGH risk: justification for LIVE WORK site review by qualified person complete: o FLRA form o Energized Electrical Work Permit (EEWP) form refer to Approach Limits Diagram (Boundaries for Arc Flash Protection and Shock) refer to Hazard Risk Clothing Category Table o Electrical Safe Work Procedure may be required 4) Obtain Operations Permit 17.0 PROCEDURE DEVIATION Deviations from this standard operating procedure must be authorized using the Management of Change procedure. Deviations must be documented and documentation must include the relevant facts supporting the deviation decision. Working With Energized Electrical Eqt Page 15 of 19

16 APPROACH LIMITS DIAGRAM Boundaries for Arc Flash Protection and Shock Unqualified Personnel - Plus PPE Supervised by Qualified Person Qualified Person Plus PPE Competent for Job Unqualified Personnel Plus PPE Awareness and continuously escorted by Qualified Personnel Qualified Personnel Plus PPE Competent for Job No Unqualified Personnel Qualified Personnel Plus Competent for Job Approved Risk Analysis Approved Work Procedure Electrical Work Permit PPE Tools and Equipment No ingress to Prohibited 1.2 Cal / cm Onset of 2 nd Degree Burn ARC FLASH BOUNDARY LIMITED RESTRICTED SAFE FROM FLASH SAFE FROM SHOCK SHOCK PROTECTION BOUNDARY ARC FLASH BOUNDARY NOTES LIMITED, and RESTRICTED shock protection boundaries shown on table at right or shown on Arc Flash and Shock Hazard label on equipment ARC FLASH BOUNDARY, shown on Arc Flash and Shock Hazard label on electrical equipment Required CLOTHING CATEGORY or Table Reference to perform task shown on Arc Flash and Shock Hazard Label in cal./cm² on equipment Voltage Limited Restricted 480V 600V 4160V 13800V SHOCK PROTECTION BOUNDARY m m 5.0 ft 1.52 m 5.0 ft 1.52 m mm mm mm mm

17 ENERGIZED ELECTRICAL WORK PERMIT FORM PART I; TO BE COMPLETED BY THE REQUESTER: Job / Work Order Number 1. Description of circuit/ equipment / job location; 2. Description of work to be done; 3. Justification of why the circuit / equipment cannot be de-energized or the work deferred until the next scheduled outage; Requester / Title; Date PART II TO BE COMPLETED BY THE ELECTRICALLY QUALIFED PERSONS DOING THE WORK 1. Detail job description to be used in performing the above detailed work 2. Description of the safe work practices to be employed 3. Results of the shock hazard analysis 4. Determination of Shock Protection Boundaries 5. Results of Flash Hazard Analysis 6. Determination of Flash Hazard Boundaries 7. Necessary personal protective equipment to safely perform the assigned task 8. Means employed to restrict the access of unqualified persons from the work area 9. Evidence of completion of a job briefing including discussion of any job related hazards 10. Do you agree the above described work can be done safely? Yes No Check When Complete IF NO, WORK IS NOT TO PROCEED Electrically Qualified Person(s) Electrically Qualified Person(s) Date Date PART III APPROVAL BY SITE AUTHORITY TO PERFORM THE WORK WHILE ELECTRICALLY ENERGIZED Terminal Management Date

18 ELECTRICAL WORK FLOW CHART ELECTRICAL WORK ORDER RISK ASSESSMENT JUSTIFICATION For Live Work HIGH Above 50V and LIVE Parts LOW Below 50V OR NO Live Parts SITE REVIEW By Electrically Qualified Person in Charge FORM REQUIRED 1) Field level Risk Assessment FORMS REQUIRED 1) Field Level Risk Assessment 2) Energized Electrical Work Permit Form Description of Work Shock and Arc Flash Analysis, ( Refer to Approach Limits Diagram ) PPE Required for Task, ( Refer to Hazard Risk Clothing Table ) Task Briefing 3) Electrical Safe Work Procedure OBTAIN SAFE WORK PERMIT ( EXPLAIN TASK TO BE PERFORMED FULLY ) Working With Energized Electrical Eqt Page 18 of 19

19 DATE AUTHOR DESCRIPTION REVISION Jan 2011 R. Rattray New document issue. Initial Issue Sept 2011 G. Gielen Re-write of entire document November 2012 R. Rattray Re-formatted for PSM December 2013 R. Rattray Changed Document Owner to Distribution Leadership Team December 2016 R. Rattray Re-Formatted for new LSR Working With Energized Electrical Eqt Page 19 of 19