Towards ISO Koos van Helden, B.ASc. International Account Manager Eastern Hemisphere mailto:

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1 Towards ISO Koos van Helden, B.ASc. International Account Manager Eastern Hemisphere mailto:

2 Who am I? My name: Koos van Helden International Account Manager Eastern Hemisphere B.Sc. Chemical Engineering, Technical Highschool of Dordrecht (NL) B.Sc. Technical Ceramics, Technical Highschool of Dordrecht (NL) Gas Technician, Gasinstitute (nowadays: Gastec) of Rijswijk (NL) B.Sc. Information & Communication Technology, Technical Highschool of The Hague (NL) Personal Experience in Gas Industry 3 years ( ) at GasTec Research Laboratory (NL) 16 years ( ) at STORK Servex and Instromet (NL, B) From member of SICK Engineering Team (D) Hence roughly a quarter of a Century : Koos van Helden September

3 Where I live Rijswijk near The Hague (Den Haag) : Koos van Helden September

4 My Family 2 0 wife 2 1 daughters 2 2 grand-children 2 3 : Koos van Helden September

5 Overview 1. Recommendations (AGA#9), Standards (ISO-17089) : Koos van Helden September

6 ISO If you understand the underlying AGA#9 Recommendation than you also understand ISO Quote from: Singapore Road Show 2012 : Koos van Helden September

7 ISO ISO has the AGA#9 as its base even though it will differ in certain areas and be more comprehensive. Quote from: 27 th North Sea Flow Measurement Workshop : Koos van Helden September

8 ISO ISO is based on the Recommendations as laid down in AGA Report 9 with Additions based on input from Manufacturers and End Users as well Experiences in the Field. : Koos van Helden September

9 ISO Title Measurement of Fluid Flow in closed Conduits. Ultrasonic Meters for Gas. Part 1: Meters for Custody Transfer and Allocation Measurement : Koos van Helden September

10 Performance Specification Summary : Koos van Helden September

11 ISO All Class 1 meters shall be calibrated under flowing Conditions during which the Meter shall not generate any critical Alarms. For Class 2 Meters this Flow Calibration is highly recommended. The Calibration of Meters under flowing Conditions (Flow or Flow Calibration) may also be required because of: national legal Requirements. high Accuracy Requirements. the Application for Custody Transfer. : Koos van Helden September

12 ISO To minimize the Uncertainty of the Calibration, the Calibration shall be conducted: over the appropriate Range of Flow Rates to describe the Meter's in-service Response; at minimum 6 Points but preferably 7 Point should be taken. As an Example for a 7 Points calibration: 100%, 70%, 40%, 25%, 10%, 5% of Q maxop, Q min or the minimum flow as specified by the End User. : Koos van Helden September

13 ISO : Koos van Helden September

14 ISO : Koos van Helden September

15 AGA Report No. 9 The AGA Report No. 9, Measurement of gas by Multipath Ultrasonic Meters, Second Edition was released in April It has now been in use around the world for more than 10 years since the initial release in June 1998, and it has probably been the most influential document for ultrasonic meters. It has been adopted by most countries around the world and many national regulations and oil and gas company specifications have adopted the requirements described in AGA 9. Quote from: 27 th North Sea Flow Measurement Workshop : Koos van Helden September

16 AGA Report No. 9 This report was developed for multipath ultrasonic transit-time flow meters, typically 6 and larger in diameter, used for the measurement of natural gas. Multipath ultrasonic meters have at least two independent pairs of measuring transducers (acoustic paths). Typical applications include measuring the flow of large volumes of gas through production facilities, transmission pipelines, storage facilities, distribution systems and large end-use customer meter sets. : Koos van Helden Measurement of Gas by Multipath Ultrasonic Meters Transmission Measurement Committee Report No. 9 Copyright 1998 American Gas Association All Rights Reserved Operating Section American Gas Association 1515 Wilson Boulevard Arlington, Virginia U.S.A. Catalog No. XQ9801 June 1998 September

17 Performance Specification Summary 17

18 What is AGA Report No. 9? Title: Measurement of Gas by Multipath Ultrasonic Meters Key Points Intended for natural Gas Custody Transfer Applications Primarily for Meters 6 and larger (today Meters are available from 2 and larger) Not a Standard, but a recommended Practice Primarily used in United States but other World Areas also reference AGA#9 18

19 Development of AGA#9 Began in 1996 by TMC Members (Note: TMC = Transmission Measurement Committee) North American Companies contributed Chaired by John Stuart of PG&E (Note: PG&E = Pacific Gas and Electric Company) Approximately 25 regular Contributors Three Manufacturers participated Daniel, Instromet and Panametrics 19

20 Ultrasonic Meter Manufacturers 20

21 Ultrasonic Meter Manufacturers 21

22 Summary of Important Requirements Multiple acoustic Paths required Suitable for Pipeline Applications -13 o F to 131 o F (-25 o C 55 o C) Required to handle typical ambient Temperatures -13 o F to 131 o F (-25 o C 55 o C) Interface with existing Flow Computers Provide Diagnostics for health monitoring Meet minimum Accuracy Requirements 22

23 Summary of Accuracy Requirements (Cont.) Repeatability: ±0.2% for qt q i q max ±0.4% for q min q i < q t Resolution: ft/s (0.001 m/s) Peak-Peak Error: 0.7% for q t q i q max Maximum Error: ±0.7% for q t q i q max ( 12 ) ±1.0% for q t q i q max (<12 ) ±1.4% for q min q i < q t 23

24 AGA-9 Performance Envelope Dry Calibration Requirement Zero flow reading <0.04 ft/sec (for each path) Percent Error Repeatability ±0.4% (q i < q t ) Maximum peak-to-peak error 0.7% (q i q t ) Repeatability ±0.2% (q i q t ) q t 0.1q max Expanded error limit +1.4% (q i < q t ) Small meter error limit +1.0% Large meter error limit +0.7% Large meter error limit -0.7% Small meter error limit -1.0% Expanded error limit -1.4% (q i < q t ) q min q t Flow Rate (q i ) q max 24

25 Dry Calibration Procedure Verification of Meter Geometry Assembly of Meter Purging Meter of Air - introducing N 2 Functional Test Configuration of Electronics 25

26 Dry Calibration Procedure 26

27 Dry Calibration Software Tools 27

28 Meter Calibrations: Sizes 8" - 30" Percent Error Velocity (Feet per Second) 28

29 Requirements of Legal Metrology Meters are to be tested (verified) under similar Conditions (Gas Quality, Gas Conditions and Gas Flow) as encountered later on in the Field See also final Draft: EN (Gas Turbine Meter) 29

30 Traceability Chain kilogram second meter NMi Dordrecht Basic Verification System atmospheric conditions q: 1-4 m3/h u: 0.02% NMi Dordrecht Bell Provers transfer meters atmospheric conditions q: m3/h u: 0.09% Gasunie Groningen 10 CVM's p: bar q: 45 36,000 m3(n)/h u: 0.18% NMi Bergum p: bar q: ,000 m3(n)/h u: % pigsar Dorsten PTB p: bar q: ,000 m3(n)/h u: 0.15% TCC Winnipeg p: 65 bar q: 10,400 3,900,000 m3(n)/h u: % Gasunie Westerbork p: 60 bar q: 24,000 2,400,000 m3(n)/h u: % 30

31 Calibration Facilities Facility Name Pressure [bar] Capacity [m 3 /h] Size ["] Uncertainty [%] Reference Standard(s) Min Max K-Lab Sonic nozzle SwRI Sonic nozzle Bergum Turbine Utrecht Turbine Lintorf Orifice Groningen CVM pigsar, Dorsten Turbine GL/Advantica , Sonic nozzle CEESI Colorado , Turbine Bernouilli Lab , Turbine Winnipeg , Turbine, Ultrasonic : Koos van Helden

32 Calibration Facilities Germany USA Canada Dresden, Germany The Netherlands Denmark Great Britain 32

33 Results of Calibration Deviation Uncertainty 33

34 European Calibration Cost Meter Information Approximate Meter Calibration Costs NPS Size Typical Cost No Flow Conditioner With Flow Conditioner 24 $82,000 $30,000 $45, $68,000 $25,500 $39, $58,000 $18,000 $27, $49,000 $12,000 $23, $38,000 $8,000 $20,000 Note: Costs includes air freight, customs, handling, etc.

35 Summary of Key 1998 AGA#9 Thoughts Accuracy applies before Calibration Flow Calibration is not required only dry Calibration Meters 10 inch have relaxed Specifications Qt must be 10% of Meter Capacity Peak-peak Error must be less than 0.7% Installation Effects less than ±0.3% 35

36 Dry Calibration Basics Dimensional Measurement Meter Electronics Configuration Leak Test at minimum of 30 bar Zero Flow Verification Per-path Speed of Sound Checks Documentation 36

37 Wet Flow Calibration Discussion Many Customers calibrate from 1 20 m/s USMs are capable of operating well below 1 m/s Many are calibrating to 0.5 m/s and to at least 30 m/s High Percentage calibrate from 0.5 fps F.S. Generally 6-8 Data Points are measured, sometimes 10 37

38 Flow Calibration Lab Discussion Most Labs calibrate at their p & T and Gas Composition Most Labs require ANSI#600 rating Test Points are just recommended (OIML) Labs may not reach Meter Capacity Customers typically supply piping 38

39 Typical Recommended Piping Uni-directional Upstream piping No Flow Conditioner: 20D straight Pipe High Performance Flow Conditioner: 5D + 10D (Meter) Downstream piping 5D with 3 thermowells (minimum) Thermowells at 2-5D 39

40 Typical Recommended Piping Bi-directional Upstream piping No Flow Conditioner: 20D straight Pipe High Performance Flow Conditioner: 5D + 10D (Meter) Downstream piping Same as first upstream with 2-3 Thermowells Thermowells at 3-5D 40

41 Diagnostic Requirements Individual Path Velocities Individual Path Speed of Sounds Path Performance Information Path Gain Data Signal to Noise Information Diagnostic Outputs (serial and Digital Output) 41

42 Overview of AGA#9 Revision Section 4 Continued Added Mandatory calibration required for CUSTODY TRANSFER meters per Section

43 Overview of AGA#9 Revision 5.1 General Meter Performance Requirements Maximum peak-to-peak error of + 0.7% for q t q i q max added. Speed of Sound deviation of + 0.2% added. Zero-Flow Reading reduced from < 0.04 feet/sec to < 0.02 feet/sec for each acoustic path added. Maximum Speed of Sound path spread of 1.5 feet/sec. added. 43

44 Overview of AGA#9 Revision Large Meter Accuracy ( 12") Maximum peak-to-peak error limits added (same as Maximum Error): + 0.7% for q t q i q max and, + 1.4% for q min q i q t Small Meter Accuracy ( 10") Maximum peak-to-peak error limits added (same as Maximum Error): + 1.0% for q t q i q max and, + 1.4% for q min q i q t 44

45 Overview of AGA#9 Revision Figure 1 45

46 Overview of AGA#9 Revision 6.3 Zero-Flow Verification Test Added air at atmospheric pressure and room temperature can be used as a reference gas if the UM performs under such conditions. The acoustic properties of any reference gas must be well known and documented. Added that the requirements of this section must be met prior to commencement of a flow-calibration. 46

47 Overview of AGA#9 Revision 6.4 Meter and Metering Package Flow-Calibration Test Added Metering Package to heading (defined in Section 2.3). Added cautionary note to users, that in-situ piping should be simulated, as much as practical, so that the flow velocity profiles at all velocities are similar to those experienced by the meter at the calibration laboratory. Deleted paragraph on calibration laboratory capacity limits. 47

48 Overview of AGA#9 Revision 6.4 Meter and Metering Package Flow-Calibration Test (cont d.) Added requirement that calibration laboratory keep records of the USM s as-found condition and record any changes made to the USM. 48

49 Overview of AGA#9 Revision Preparation for Flow-Calibration New section basic Requirements: Calibration laboratory shall inspect the meter for damage during transport and ensure the configuration (components and electronics) in the test run matches that specified by the user. Identify any problems encountered with the meter. 49

50 Overview of AGA#9 Revision Calibration of Metering Package New section basic Requirements: Requires that any change in meter performance as a result of the metering package shall be accounted for in the calibration adjustment factor. Requires that at least one verification point be performed. Requires a 120 second data collection interval and at least one speed-of-sound check during the calibration. 50

51 Overview of AGA 9 Revision Figure 2 51

52 OIML R The OIML R Edition 2006, International Recommendation Gas Meters, is a more General recommendation which does not target ultrasonic meters directly but sets forth the same requirements to be met by all devices designed to measure quantities of gaseous fuels or other gases, except gases in the liquefied state and steam. This recommendation supersedes the previous versions of R 31 (1995) and R 32 (1989) and partially supersedes OIML R 6 (1989). Quote from: 27 th North Sea Flow Measurement Workshop 52

53 OIML R The OIML R however is designed to be used for type approval testing and not as a reference for testing every meter produced. It uses the same OIML D 11 for Environmental tests for electronics or devices but has in addition a range of other tests, including flow tests to be performed on a selection of sizes or worst case - most difficult scenarios. Quote from: 27t h North Sea Flow Measurement Workshop 53

54 OIML R Title INTERNATIONAL RECOMMENDATION OIML R Edition 2006 (E) Gas meters Part 1: Requirements 54

55 OIML R Accuracy Classes and maximum permissible errors (MPE) Gas meters shall be classified into the Accuracy Classes given in Table 2. The errors shall be within the applicable values given in the table below. 55

56 OIML R WEIGHTED MEAN ERROR (WME) The weighted mean error (WME) shall be within the maximum permissible values given in the table below. 56

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