Risk Management. Definitions. Principles of Risk Management. Types of Risk
|
|
- Ernest Rose
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Definitions Risk Management Risk management is a decision-making process designed to identify hazards systematically, assess the degree of risk, and determine the best course of action. It is a practical approach to managing uncertainty. Hazards are a source of danger. Examples include fatigue, improper fueling, and the use of unapproved hardware on an aircraft. Risk is the future impact of a hazard that is not controlled or eliminated. It can be viewed as future uncertainty created by a hazard. The level of risk is measured by the number of people or resources affected (exposure), the extent of possible loss (severity), and the likelihood of loss (probability). If the risk involves skill sets, the same situation may yield different risk for different individuals. Pilots accept risk by their background, education, predisposition, attitude, and training. Risk becomes a problem when a situation builds, and its complexity exceeds the pilot s capability. Types of Risk Total: The sum of identified and unidentified risks. Identified: The risk that has been determined through various analysis techniques. The first task of system safety is to identify all possible risks. Unidentified: The risk not yet identified. Some unidentified risks are subsequently identified when a mishap occurs. Some risk is never known. Unacceptable: The risk that cannot be tolerated by the activity. It is a subset of identified risk that must be eliminated or controlled. Acceptable: The part of the identified risk that is allowed to persist without action. Deciding to accept any risk is a difficult responsibility. The decision is made with full knowledge that the user is exposed to the risk. Residual: The risk remaining after system safety efforts have been fully employed. It is not necessarily the same as acceptable risk. Residual risk is the sum of acceptable risk and unidentified risk. This is the total risk passed on to the user. Principles of Risk Management Accept No Unnecessary Risk: Everything involves risk. Unnecessary risk is that which carries no commensurate return of benefits. The goal is to meet all operational requirements with the minimum acceptable risk. The corollary to this axiom is accept necessary risk required to complete the operation or task successfully. Make Risk Decisions at the Appropriate Level: Anyone can make a risk decision, but a good decision-maker can develop and implement risk controls. The decision-maker must be authorized to accept levels of risk typical of the planned operation. In a single-pilot situation, the pilot decides to accept certain levels of risk. Accept Risk when Benefits Outweigh the Costs: All identified benefits should be compared against all identified costs. Even high-risk endeavors may be undertaken when there is clear knowledge that the sum of the benefits exceeds the sum of the costs. In any flying activity, it is necessary to accept some degree of risk. Integrate Risk Management into Planning at All Levels: Risks are more easily assessed and managed in the planning stages of an operation. The later changes are made in the process of planning and executing, the more expensive and time consuming they become. Because risk is an unavoidable part of every flight, safety requires the use of effective risk management in all stages of the flight. Version: Page 1 of 6
2 Risk Management Process 1. Identify the Hazard: Experience, common sense, and analytical tools can be used to identify conditions, events, objects, or circumstances that could lead to or contribute to an accident. 2. Assess the Risk: Determine the probability and severity of an accident that could result from the hazards. 3. Analyze Risk Control Measures: Investigate strategies to reduce, mitigate, or eliminate the risk. 4. Make Control Decisions: Identify the appropriate decision-maker. That decision-maker must choose the best control or combination of controls, based on the analysis of steps 1 and Implement Risk Controls: A plan for applying the selected controls must be formulated, the time, materials, and personnel needed to put these measures in place must be provided. 6. Supervise and Review: Once controls are in place, the process must be reevaluated periodically to ensure their effectiveness. The risk management process continues throughout the life cycle of the system, mission, or activity. Implementing the Risk Management Process Apply the Steps in Sequence: Each step is a building block for the next and must be completed before proceeding to the next. If a hazard identification step is interrupted to focus on the control of a particular hazard, more critical hazards may be overlooked. Maintain a Balance in the Process: All steps are important. Allocate the time and resources to perform all. Apply the Process in a Cycle: The supervise and review step should include a brand new look at the operation being analyzed to see whether new hazards can be identified. Involve People in the Process: Ensure that risk controls are mission supportive, and the people who must do the work see them as positive actions. The people who are exposed to risks usually know best what works and what does not. Levels of Risk Every flight has hazards and some level of risk associated with it. It is critical that pilots and especially students can differentiate in advance between a low-risk flight and a high-risk flight, and then establish a review process and develop risk mitigation strategies to address flights throughout that range. The level of risk posed by a given hazard is measured in terms of: Severity (extent of possible loss); and Probability (likelihood that a hazard will cause a loss). Assessing Risk Assessment of risk is an integral part of proper risk management. Example: The hazard of a nick in a propeller poses a risk only if the airplane is flown. If the damaged prop is exposed to the constant vibration of normal engine operation, there is a high risk that it could fracture and cause catastrophic damage to the engine, airframe, and occupants. Risk Assessment Matrix Probability/Severity Catastrophic Critical Marginal Negligible Frequent High High Serious Medium Probable High High Serious Medium Occasional High Serious Medium Low Remote Serious Medium Medium Low Improbable Medium Medium Medium Low Using a risk assessment matrix helps the pilot differentiate between low-risk and high-risk flights. When armed with the predicted assessment of activity, pilots can manage and reduce (mitigate) their risk. Page 2 of 6 My CFI Book
3 Likelihood of an Event Likelihood is nothing more than taking a situation and determining the probability of its occurrence. Frequent: Likely to occur often. Probable: An event will occur several times. Occasional: An event will probably occur sometime. Remote: An event is unlikely to occur, but is possible. Improbable: An event is highly unlikely to occur. Example: When flying in marginal visual flight rules (MVFR) conditions, the likelihood of encountering potential IMC might be classified as occasional. Severity of an Event The next element is the severity or consequence of a pilot s action(s). It can relate to injury or damage. Catastrophic: Results in fatalities, total loss. Critical: Severe injury, major damage. Marginal: Minor injury, minor damage. Negligible: Less than minor injury, less than minor system damage. Mitigating Risk After determining the level of risk, the next step is to mitigate it. Risk can be mitigated by: Utilizing established industry methods including: The I M SAFE checklist; The PAVE checklist; and The DECIDE model. Establishing and adhering to personal weather minimums; Maintaining situational awareness; Applying the principles of single-pilot resource management; Understanding human factors in aviation; and Examining the common causes of aircraft accidents. Example: A pilot flying in MVFR conditions has several ways to reduce risk: wait for the weather to improve, fly with a friend who is instrument rated, delay the flight, or drive. The I M SAFE Checklist The I M SAFE checklist can be used to determine a pilot s physical and mental readiness for flying. Illness: Even a minor illness can severely impair performance as a pilot. Fever and other distracting symptoms can impair judgment, memory, alertness, and the ability to make calculations. The safest rule is not to fly while suffering from any illness. Medication: Pilot performance can be severely impaired by both prescribed and over-the-counter medications. Stress: Stress is a term to describe the body s nonspecific response to demands placed upon it. Alcohol: The regulations prohibit pilots from performing crew-member duties within eight hours after drinking any alcoholic beverage (eight hours from bottle to throttle ) or while under the influence of alcohol. Alcohol makes the body much more susceptible to disorientation and hypoxia. Fatigue: Fatigue can be treacherous because it may not be apparent until serious errors are made. Version: Page 3 of 6
4 Emotion: Emotionally upsetting events may render a pilot unable to fly an airplane safely. Anger and depression will decrease alertness and lead to the pilot taking self-destructive risks. Related: Technical Subjects: Aeromedical Factors The PAVE Checklist Pilots should incorporate the PAVE checklist into all stages of flight planning to help perceive and mitigate risks. The PAVE checklist divides risks of flight into four categories: Pilot, Aircraft, environment, and External pressures. The DECIDE Model The DECIDE model is a continuous loop process that provides the pilot with a logical way of making decisions. It is a form of analytical decision-making that requires time to evaluate options. The six-steps of the DECIDE process are: 1. Detect a change or hazard; 2. Estimate the need to counter or react to the change; 3. Choose a desirable outcome for the flight; 4. Identify actions that can successfully control the change; 5. Do take the necessary action; then 6. Evaluate the effect of the action. The 3P Model The 3P model offers a simple, structured method for pilots to manage risk during all phases of flight. To use the 3P model, the pilot: 1. Perceives the given set of circumstances for a flight; 2. Processes by evaluating the impact of those circumstances on flight safety; then 3. Performs by implementing the best course of action. Once the pilot has completed the 3P decision process and selected a course of action, the process begins again. Pilots can: Perceive hazards by using the PAVE checklist: Pilot, Aircraft, environment, and External pressures. Process hazards by using the CARE checklist: Consequences, Alternatives, Reality, External factors. Perform risk management by using the TEAM checklist: Transfer, Eliminate, Accept, or Mitigate. Personal Weather Minimums One way a pilot can control risks is to set personal minimums, which act as a buffer between the demands of the situation and the extent of the pilot s skills. When a pilot s experience level changes, he or she should review and, if appropriate, revise his or her personal minimums. Personal minimums should be thought of as the human factors equivalent of reserve fuel. Never attempt a flight that requires the use of skills within your reserve level of piloting ability. Related: Supplements: Personal Minimums Worksheet Situational Awareness Situational awareness is the accurate perception and understanding of all the factors and conditions within the four fundamental risk elements (the pilot, aircraft, environment, and external pressures) that affect safety before, during, and after the flight. Page 4 of 6 My CFI Book
5 Maintaining situational awareness requires an understanding of the relative significance of these factors and their future impact on the flight. When situationally aware, the pilot has an overview of the total operation and is not fixated on one perceived significant factor. Obstacles to Maintaining Situational Awareness Situational Awareness = Experience + Analysis Fatigue, stress, or work overload can cause the pilot to fixate on a single perceived important item rather than maintaining an overall awareness of the flight situation. A contributing factor in many accidents is a distraction, which diverts the pilot s attention from monitoring the instruments or visual scanning. Single-Pilot Resource Management Single pilot resource management (SRM) is defined as the art and science of managing all the resources (both onboard the aircraft and from outside sources) available to a single pilot (before and during flight) to ensure the successful outcome of the flight. Related: Fundamentals of Instruction: Techniques of Flight Instruction: Aeronautical Decision Making Technical Subjects: Visual Scanning and Collision Avoidance: Controlled Flight into Terrain Preflight Preparation: Flight Deck Management Appendix: Relationships of Decision-Making Models The 5P s Check The 5P s check provides a way for pilots to understand and deploy SRM. The Plan: The plan (e.g., weather, route, fuel, etc.) should be reviewed and updated several times during the flight. The Plane: The plane consists of the mechanical and cosmetic issues that every pilot can identify with. With technically advanced airplanes (TAAs), the plane also includes database currency, automation status, and emergency backup systems. The Pilot: The traditional I M SAFE checklist. The Passengers: The pilot may feel pressured into continuing a flight into deteriorating conditions. Passengers may not understand the level of risk involved in the flight. When the passengers are pilots, there may be a conflict if no one is designated as PIC and unplanned circumstances arise. The Programming: Glass cockpits, GPS, and autopilots can help to reduce pilot workload and increase situational awareness, but they tend to capture the pilot s attention and hold it for long periods of time. Pilots should plan ahead when lengthy programming will be required. Human Factors Approximately 80% of all aviation accidents are human factors related. Surprisingly, only a tiny percentage of flight training is devoted to human factors training. Accidents that are caused due to human factors may be prevented or reduced by: Increasing training efforts and awareness; Improving student pilot supervision; Auditing training materials; and Developing better piloting skills. Studies of Human Behavior The FAA oversaw an extensive research study on the similarities and dissimilarities of accident-free pilots and those who were not. The project surveyed over 4,000 pilots, half of whom had clean records while the other half had been involved in an accident. Five traits were discovered in pilots prone to having accidents. Version: Page 5 of 6
6 Accident prone pilots: Have a disdain for rules; Have a very high correlation between accidents on their flying records and safety violations on their driving records; Frequently have a thrill and adventure seeking personality; Are impulsive rather than methodical and disciplined; and Have a disregard for or tend to underutilize outside sources of information. Frequent Causes of General Aviation Accidents Reference: AIM The 10 most frequent causes of GA accidents that involve the PIC: 1. Inadequate preflight preparation or planning. 2. Failure to obtain or maintain flying speed. 3. Failure to maintain directional control. 4. Improper level off (i.e., continued descent into terrain). 5. Failure to see and avoid objects or obstructions. 6. Mismanagement of fuel. 7. Improper inflight decisions or planning. 8. Misjudgment of distance and speed. 9. Selection of unsuitable terrain. 10. Improper operation of flight controls. Page 6 of 6 My CFI Book
Employ The Risk Management Process During Mission Planning
Employ The Risk Management Process During Mission Planning TSG 154-6465 Task(s) TASK NUMBER TASK TITLE Taught or 154-385-6465 Employ The Risk Management Process During Mission Planning Supported Task(s)
More informationFederal Aviation Administration Safety & Human Factors Analysis of a Wake Vortex Mitigation Display System
Safety & Human Factors Analysis of a Wake Vortex Mitigation Display System Presented to: EUROCONTROL Safety R&D Seminar By: Dino Piccione Date: October 23, 2008 Project Objectives Forge a link between
More informationSafety assessments for Aerodromes (Chapter 3 of the PANS-Aerodromes, 1 st ed)
Safety assessments for Aerodromes (Chapter 3 of the PANS-Aerodromes, 1 st ed) ICAO MID Seminar on Aerodrome Operational Procedures (PANS-Aerodromes) Cairo, November 2017 Avner Shilo, Technical officer
More informationFLIGHT TEST RISK ASSESSMENT THREE FLAGS METHOD
FLIGHT TEST RISK ASSESSMENT THREE FLAGS METHOD Author: Maximilian Kleinubing BS. Field: Aeronautical Engineering, Flight Test Operations Keywords: Flight Test, Safety Assessment, Flight Test Safety Assessment
More information1.0 PURPOSE 2.0 REFERENCES
Page 1 1.0 PURPOSE 1.1 This Advisory Circular provides Aerodrome Operators with guidance for the development of corrective action plans to be implemented in order to address findings generated during safety
More informationAeronautical studies and Safety Assessment
Aerodrome Safeguarding Workshop Cairo, 4 6 Dec. 2017 Aeronautical studies and Safety Assessment Nawal A. Abdel Hady ICAO MID Regional Office, Aerodrome and Ground Aids (AGA) Expert References ICAO SARPS
More informationPolicy for Evaluation of Certification Maintenance Requirements
Circular No. 1-319 Policy for Evaluation of Certification Maintenance Requirements April 11, 2013 First Issue Airworthiness Division, Aviation Safety and Security Department Japan Civil Aviation Bureau
More information1 General. 1.1 Introduction
1 General 1.1 Introduction The contents of this book will focus on the anatomy of the aeroplane and the various systems that enable it to operate both on the ground and in the air. Flight controls Landing
More informationRisk Management Qualitatively on Railway Signal System
, pp. 113-117 The Korean Society for Railway Ya-dong Zhang* and Jin Guo** Abstract Risk management is an important part of system assurance and it is widely used in safety-related system. Railway signal
More informationSafety Standards Acknowledgement and Consent (SSAC) CAP 1395
Safety Standards Acknowledgement and Consent (SSAC) CAP 1395 Contents Published by the Civil Aviation Authority, 2015 Civil Aviation Authority, Aviation House, Gatwick Airport South, West Sussex, RH6 0YR.
More informationNew Airfield Risk Assessment / Categorisation
New Airfield Risk Assessment / Categorisation Airfield Risk Assessment Prior to commencing operations to a new airfield, airfield risk assessment and categorisation will take place. For continued operations
More informationA Presentation to the International System Safety Society August 11, 2016 by Gary D. Braman Senior System Safety Engineer Sikorsky Aircraft
A Presentation to the International System Safety Society August 11, 2016 by Gary D. Braman Senior System Safety Engineer Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation Huntsville, AL Agenda Introduction to Human Factors
More informationRISK MANAGEMENT B020083XQ STUDENT HANDOUT
UNITED STATES MARINE CORPS THE BASIC SCHOOL MARINE CORPS TRAINING COMMAND CAMP BARRETT, VIRGINIA 22134-5019 RISK MANAGEMENT B020083XQ STUDENT HANDOUT Basic Officer Course (RM) Introduction This purpose
More informationSafety Risk Assessment Worksheet Title of Risk Assessment Risk Assessment Performed By: Date: Department:
Title of Risk Assessment Risk Assessment Performed By: Date: Department: Choose the appropriate type of change from the list below: Revision To Existing New Choose the appropriate system/task from the
More informationUnderstanding safety life cycles
Understanding safety life cycles IEC/EN 61508 is the basis for the specification, design, and operation of safety instrumented systems (SIS) Fast Forward: IEC/EN 61508 standards need to be implemented
More informationBasic Mountain Flying
Advanced Manoeuvres Basic Mountain Flying This training introduces students to the principles of basic mountain flying and further develops their experience and understanding of operating near terrain
More informationSafety-Critical Systems
Software Testing & Analysis (F22ST3) Safety-Critical Systems Andrew Ireland School of Mathematical and Computer Science Heriot-Watt University Edinburgh Software Testing & Analysis (F22ST3) 2 What Are
More informationMarine Risk Assessment
Marine Risk Assessment Waraporn Srimoon (B.Sc., M.Sc.).) 10 December 2007 What is Risk assessment? Risk assessment is a review as to acceptability of risk based on comparison with risk standards or criteria,
More informationLow Flying Introduction
Advanced Manoeuvres Low Flying Introduction Commonly, low flying refers to any flight at or below 500 feet agl that may be practised only in designated low flying zones. By maintaining good situational
More informationUnit 5: Prioritize and Manage Hazards and Risks STUDENT GUIDE
: Prioritize and Manage Hazards and Risks STUDENT GUIDE Objectives By the end of this unit, students will be able to: Describe several techniques that can be used to prioritize hazards for mitigation,
More informationFloatplane Safety and Risk Management. Aus7n G. Watson, P.E. CFI April 13, 2013
Floatplane Safety and Risk Management Aus7n G. Watson, P.E. CFI April 13, 2013 Risk Management Refresher Four Basic Principles of Risk Management 1. Accept no unnecessary risk 2. Make risk decisions at
More informationSYSTEM SAFETY ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM SAFETY ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT An Overview SYSTEM SAFETY Video SYSTEM SAFETY McDonnell-Douglas DC-10 SYSTEM SAFETY McDonnell Douglas DC-10 Hydraulic System SYSTEM SAFETY DeHavilland Comet SYSTEM
More informationUsing what we have. Sherman Eagles SoftwareCPR.
Using what we have Sherman Eagles SoftwareCPR seagles@softwarecpr.com 2 A question to think about Is there a difference between a medical device safety case and any non-medical device safety case? Are
More informationThe Best Use of Lockout/Tagout and Control Reliable Circuits
Session No. 565 The Best Use of Lockout/Tagout and Control Reliable Circuits Introduction L. Tyson Ross, P.E., C.S.P. Principal LJB Inc. Dayton, Ohio Anyone involved in the design, installation, operation,
More informationLECTURE 3 MAINTENANCE DECISION MAKING STRATEGIES (RELIABILITY CENTERED MAINTENANCE)
LECTURE 3 MAINTENANCE DECISION MAKING STRATEGIES (RELIABILITY CENTERED MAINTENANCE) Politecnico di Milano, Italy piero.baraldi@polimi.it 1 Types of maintenance approaches Intervention Unplanned Planned
More informationHelicopter Safety Recommendation Summary for Small Operators
Helicopter Safety Recommendation Summary for Small Operators Prepared by the International Helicopter Safety Team September 2009 Introduction This document is intended to provide a summary of the initial
More informationAR Responsibilities
Supervisor Safety Agenda Supervisor Responsibilities Job Safety Training Safety Meetings/Inspections Accident Reporting Risk Management (RM) Hazard Reporting/Assessment Hazard Scanning AR 385-10 1.4 Responsibilities
More informationA study evaluating if targeted training for startle effect can improve pilot reactions in handling unexpected situations. DR. MICHAEL GILLEN, PH.D.
A study evaluating if targeted training for startle effect can improve pilot reactions in handling unexpected situations. DR. MICHAEL GILLEN, PH.D. Disclaimer I would like to thank the FSF, United Airlines,
More informationSUMMARY OF SAFETY INVESTIGATION REPORT
Investigation Body for Railway Accidents and Incidents SUMMARY OF SAFETY INVESTIGATION REPORT COLLISION OF TWO PASSENGER TRAINS IN BUIZINGEN ON 15 FEBRUARY 2010 May 2012 On Monday 15 February 2010 at 08:28:19,
More informationetcadvancedpilottraining.com Upset Prevention and Recovery Training (UPRT) Altitude Awareness Training Situational Awareness (SA)
ADVANCED PILOT TRAINING Upset Prevention and Recovery Training (UPRT) Altitude Awareness Training Situational Awareness (SA) Spatial Disorientation (SD) etcadvancedpilottraining.com ETC s NASTAR Center
More informationDETERMINATION OF SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR SAFETY- RELATED PROTECTION AND CONTROL SYSTEMS - IEC 61508
DETERMINATION OF SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR SAFETY- RELATED PROTECTION AND CONTROL SYSTEMS - IEC 61508 Simon J Brown Technology Division, Health & Safety Executive, Bootle, Merseyside L20 3QZ, UK Crown Copyright
More informationCommittee Input No. 35-NFPA [ Chapter 1 ] Submitter Information Verification. Committee Statement
Committee Input No. 35-NFPA 1670-2015 [ Chapter 1 ] Chapter 1 Administration 1.1 Scope. 1.1.1* This standard shall identify and establish levels of functional capability for conducting operations at technical
More informationAccidents and accident prevention
Accidents and accident prevention What is an accident? 1. Oxford Dictionary An unforeseeable event often resulting in injury. 2. British Safety Council A management error; the result of errors or omissions
More informationXII.A-D. Basic Attitude Instrument Flight
References: FAA-H-8083-3; FAA-8083-3-15 Objectives Key Elements Elements Schedule Equipment IP s Actions SP s Actions Completion Standards The student should develop knowledge of the elements related to
More informationALIGNING MOD POSMS SAFETY AND POEMS ENVIRONMENTAL RISK APPROACHES EXPERIENCE AND GUIDANCE
ALIGNING MOD POSMS SAFETY AND POEMS ENVIRONMENTAL RISK APPROACHES EXPERIENCE AND GUIDANCE R. L. Maguire MIMechE MSaRS RS2A Limited Swindon, UK 07505 743 725 rlm@rs2a.com Keywords: POSMS, POEMS, Alignment,
More informationGo around manoeuvre How to make it safer? Capt. Bertrand de Courville
Go around manoeuvre How to make it safer? Capt. Bertrand de Courville LOC I Workshop 2012 Salzburg Year 2010 Year 2011 Jan to June 2012 + IATA Tool Kit + FSF Initiatives + ICAO Worldwide Programm Capt.
More informationManaging for Liability Avoidance. (c) Lewis Bass
Managing for Liability Avoidance (c) Lewis Bass 2005 1 Staying Safe in an Automated World Keys to Automation Safety and Liability Avoidance Presented by: Lewis Bass, P.E. Mechanical, Industrial and Safety
More informationVI.A-E. Basic Attitude Instrument Flight
References: FAA-H-8083-3; FAA-8083-3-15 Objectives Key Elements Elements Schedule Equipment IP s Actions SP s Actions Completion Standards The student should develop knowledge of the elements related to
More informationPurpose. Scope. Process flow OPERATING PROCEDURE 07: HAZARD LOG MANAGEMENT
SYDNEY TRAINS SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OPERATING PROCEDURE 07: HAZARD LOG MANAGEMENT Purpose Scope Process flow This operating procedure supports SMS-07-SP-3067 Manage Safety Change and establishes the
More informationESSENTIAL SAFETY RESOURCES
ESSENTIAL SAFETY RESOURCES GS-3018 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND RISK ASSESSMENT Originator: Safety Advisor s Signature: Type Name Approval: HSE Manager s Signature: Type Name Approval: Operations Manager
More informationSurrogate UAV Approach and Landing Testing Improving Flight Test Efficiency and Safety
Testing Improving Flight Test Efficiency and Safety Kevin Prosser Calspan Corporation Edwards Air Force Base, California UNITED STATES OF AMERICA kevin.prosser@calspan.com Lou Knotts Calspan Corporation
More informationProbability Risk Assessment Methodology Usage on Space Robotics for Free Flyer Capture
6 th IAASS International Space Safety Conference Probability Risk Assessment Methodology Usage on Space Robotics for Free Flyer Capture Oneil D silva Roger Kerrison Page 1 6 th IAASS International Space
More informationBasic STPA Tutorial. John Thomas
Basic STPA Tutorial John Thomas How is STAMP different? STAMP Model (Leveson, 2003); (Leveson, 2011) Accidents are more than a chain of events, they involve complex dynamic processes. Treat accidents as
More informationPERFORMANCE MANEUVERS
Ch 09.qxd 5/7/04 8:14 AM Page 9-1 PERFORMANCE MANEUVERS Performance maneuvers are used to develop a high degree of pilot skill. They aid the pilot in analyzing the forces acting on the airplane and in
More informationCONFINED SPACE WRITTEN PROGRAM
CONFINED SPACE WRITTEN PROGRAM Maple River Public Schools ISD#2135 Confined Space Entry Plan (Permit Required) Maple River Public School Plan last updated: October, 2014 Authority and Scope Regulation:
More informationEnvironmental-Related Risk Assessment
Environmental-Related Risk Assessment *GTA 05-08-002 DISTRIBUTION: U.S. Army Training Support Centers. DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. Headquarters, Department
More informationDATA ITEM DESCRIPTION Title: Failure Modes, Effects, and Criticality Analysis Report
DATA ITEM DESCRIPTION Title: Failure Modes, Effects, and Criticality Analysis Report Number: Approval Date: 20160106 AMSC Number: N9616 Limitation: No DTIC Applicable: Yes GIDEP Applicable: Yes Defense
More informationGleim ATP FAA Knowledge Test 2011 Edition, 1st Printing Updates December 6, 2010
Page 1 of 8 Gleim ATP FAA Knowledge Test 2011 Edition, 1st Printing Updates December 6, 2010 NOTE: Text that should be deleted from the outline is displayed as struck through with a red background. New
More informationBRITISH GLIDING ASSOCIATION SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM MANUAL
BRITISH GLIDING ASSOCIATION SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM MANUAL 1 1. Amendment Procedures, Record of Amendment, Distribution and List of Contents 1.1 Amendment Procedures Amendments will be promulgated by
More informationClimbs, descents, turns, and stalls These are some of the maneuvers you'll practice, and practice, and practice By David Montoya
Climbs, descents, turns, and stalls These are some of the maneuvers you'll practice, and practice, and practice By David Montoya Air work stalls, steep turns, climbs, descents, slow flight is the one element
More informationCOMPLETION OF PROCEDURE ASSESSMENT FORM (COSHH RELATED) GUIDANCE NOTES (Version 3)
COMPLETION OF PROCEDURE ASSESSMENT FORM (COSHH RELATED) GUIDANCE NOTES (Version 3) The following guidance notes accompany the College Procedure Assessment form (COSHH-related). Please complete all applicable
More informationHazard and Risk Assessment Guide
Page 1 Safety legislation in Canada (Occupational Health & Safety Act, Sec. 25) entails employers to do everything that is reasonable to ensure their workers have a healthy and safe workplace. The first
More informationScope: This plan applies to all personnel, including contractors, who enter or work in confined spaces, or supervise such activities.
11/13/1995 4 5/20/2013 1 of 10 Authority and Scope Regulation: 29 CFR 1910.146 Scope: This plan applies to all personnel, including contractors, who enter or work in confined spaces, or supervise such
More informationV.A. Preflight Inspection
References: AC 61-84; FAA-H-8083-3; FAA-H-8083-23; POH/AFM Objectives Key Elements Elements Schedule Equipment IP s Actions SP s Actions Completion Standards The student should develop knowledge of the
More information1309 Hazard Assessment Fundamentals
1309 Hazard Assessment Fundamentals Jim Marko Manager, Aircraft Integration & Safety Assessment 14 November 2018 Presentation Overview Fail-safe design concept Safety Assessment principles for hazard classification
More information2 FUSION FITTINGS FOR USE WITH POLYETHYLENE PRESSURE PIPES DESIGN FOR DYNAMIC STRESSES
Industry Guidelines Part 2 FUSION FITTINGS FOR USE WITH POLYETHYLENE PRESSURE PIPES DESIGN FOR DYNAMIC STRESSES ISSUE 5.1 Ref: POP10B 15 MAR 2010 Disclaimer In formulating this guideline PIPA has relied
More informationSAFETY INFORMATION NOTICE
SAFETY INFORMATION NOTICE SUBJECT: GENERAL External load operations For the attention of AIRCRAFT CONCERNED EC120 Civil B Version(s) AS350 B, BA, BB, B1, B2, B3, D L1 AS550 AS355 AS555 EC130 E, F, F1,
More informationHANDLINGSENSE LEAFLET 1 TWIN PISTON AEROPLANES
HANDLINGSENSE LEAFLET 1 TWIN PISTON AEROPLANES 1 INTRODUCTION 2 PERFORMANCE 3 ENGINE FAILURE DURING TAKE-OFF 4 EFATO IDENTIFYING FAILED ENGINE 5 OTHER EFATO CONSIDERATIONS 6 PRE-TAKE-OFF BRIEF 7 HANDLING
More informationWorkshop to Generate Guidelines For the Implementation of: 1 - Step 1 of State Safety Program (SSP) and 2 - Phases 1 & 2 of ICAO SMS
Workshop to Generate Guidelines For the Implementation of: 1 - Step 1 of State Safety Program (SSP) and 2 - Phases 1 & 2 of ICAO SMS SMS Peligrando, Arriesgando y Midiendo Dr. S. Hautequest Cardoso, Ph.D.
More informationSafety Risk Management
ATO Safety Risk Management Presented By: Michael Falteisek Air Traffic Organization-Office of Safety Manager, Safety Risk Management 1 What Is the FAA s Safety Management System? SMS Definition* An integrated
More informationMINE SAFETY TARGETED ASSESSMENT PROGRAM. Ground or strata failure NSW metalliferous mines. April
MINE SAFETY TARGETED ASSESSMENT PROGRAM Ground or strata failure NSW metalliferous mines April 2017 www.resourcesandenergy.nsw.gov.au Document control Publication title: Ground or strata failure NSW metalliferous
More informationHow to Define Your Systems and Assets to Support Reliability. How to Define Your Failure Reporting Codes to Support Reliability
BACKFED RELIABILITY How to Define Your Systems and Assets to Support Reliability How to Define Your Failure Reporting Codes to Support Reliability How to Generate Risk Prioritization Numbers (RPN) from
More informationNational Standard for Commercial Vessels
National Standard for Commercial Vessels Part E Operations Published 17 May 2013 Endorsed by the Standing Council on Transport and Infrastructure 10 May 2013 Commonwealth of Australia This work is copyright.
More informationHazard Identification
Hazard Identification Bureau of Workers Comp PA Training for Health & Safety (PATHS) PPT-072-01 1 Hazard Detection & Inspection What is a hazard? What should I look for? How do I perform the inspection?
More informationHUMAN (DRIVER) ERRORS
HUMAN (DRIVER) ERRORS Josef Kocourek 1, Tomáš Padělek 2 Summary: Currently CTU FTS creates Road Safety Inspection (RSI) in Central Bohemia region. The survey is specialized in roads of class II. This article
More informationInternational Helicopter Safety Team US-JHSAT CY2001 Analysis. Jim Grigg, FAA Jack Drake, HAI IHST/JHSAT Co-Chairs
International Helicopter Safety Team US-JHSAT CY2001 Analysis Jim Grigg, FAA Jack Drake, HAI IHST/JHSAT Co-Chairs 1 Overview Analysis Process Differences in Analysis Method Report Structure Comparison
More informationSafety Guidelines for Live Entertainment and Events I Part 2. Hazard Identification and Risk Management 1
Safety Guidelines for Live Entertainment and Events Part 2. Hazard Identification and Risk Management Contents Disclaimer... 1 1. Principles of Risk Management... 2 2. The Risk Management Process... 2
More informationHS329 Risk Management Procedure
HS329 Risk Management Procedure Work Health and Safety Act 2011 Policy hierarchy link Work Health and Safety Regulation 2011 Work Health and Safety Policy Code of Practice How to Manage Work Health and
More informationX.A. Rectangular Course
References: FAA-H-8083-3 Objectives Key Elements Elements Schedule Equipment IP s Actions SP s Actions Completion Standards The student should develop knowledge of the elements related to rectangular courses
More informationEngineering Safety into the Design
Engineering safety into the design Peter Scantlebury P.Eng Technical Safety Manager Amec Foster Wheeler, Oil & Gas Canada Abstract Safety by design is Amec Foster Wheeler s systematic approach to engineering
More informationTHERMALLING TECHNIQUES. Preface
DRAFT THERMALLING TECHNIQUES Preface The following thermalling techniques document is provided to assist Instructors, Coaches and Students as a training aid in the development of good soaring skills. Instructors
More informationProcedure: Work health and safety hazard management
Procedure: Work health and safety hazard management Purpose This procedure describes how the Australian National University (ANU) manages Work Health Safety hazards for the health, safety, rehabilitation
More informationProposed Abstract for the 2011 Texas A&M Instrumentation Symposium for the Process Industries
Proposed Abstract for the 2011 Texas A&M Instrumentation Symposium for the Process Industries Focus Area: Automation HMI Title: Author: Shared Field Instruments in SIS: Incidents Caused by Poor Design
More information1.1 OHS Policy and Responsibilities
1.1 OHS Policy and Responsibilities At Canadian Rope Access Specialists Inc. safety is our primary concern and the health and safety of our employees, clients and contractors is of paramount importance
More informationRISK ASSESSMENT HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND RISK ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY
RISK ASSESSMENT HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND RISK ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY A) RISK Risk concerns the deviation of one or more results of one or more future events from their expected value. Risk related to
More informationTransformational Safety Leadership. By Stanley Jules
Transformational Safety Leadership By Stanley Jules Transformational Safety Leadership Importance of Safety in Design Hazard analysis: What is it? Transformational Leadership and it s use within Task Based
More informationChapter 5. Response Tactics and Strategies Delmar, Cengage Learning
Chapter 5 Response Tactics and Strategies Objectives Understand the grim realities including the multitude of sights, sounds, and smells you may encounter at the scene of a large-scale aircraft crash,
More informationMODEL AERONAUTICAL ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA
ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA APPROVED: MAAA PRESIDENT Date: 27/10/2017 Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION... 1 2. DEFINITIONS... 2 3. POLICY... 2 4. BASIC PROCEDURE... 3 5. EVALUATION OF RISK... 4 6. POSSIBLE
More informationAIRPLANE AIRWORTHINESS; TRANSPORT CATEGORIES SUPPLEMENTAL OXYGEN REQUIREMENTS
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA CIVIL AERONAUTICS BOARD WASHINGTON, D.C. Civil Air Regulations Amendment 4b-9 Effective: September 1, 1958 Adopted: August 27, 1958 AIRPLANE AIRWORTHINESS; TRANSPORT CATEGORIES
More informationUniversity Safety Policy Supplement
Occupational Health and Safety Service, Kings Gate Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU Tel 0191 208 6274 Document History University Safety Policy Supplement Lone working Approved October 2006 Re-ratified October
More informationCivil Air Patrol. Summary of Aircrew Professionalism Content. Kevin Conyers Chief, Stan/Eval Aug 2018 Anaheim, CA
Civil Air Patrol Summary of Aircrew Professionalism Content Kevin Conyers Chief, Stan/Eval 22-26 Aug 2018 Anaheim, CA Introductions Kevin Conyers, Chief of Stan/Eval Lt Col Gene Caisse, Asst Chief of Stan/Eval
More informationPermit-Required Confined Space Entry Program
Safety & Health Program Permit-Required Confined Space Entry Program General Company Policy 10627 Midwest Industrial Boulevard, St. Louis, MO Phone: 314-785-6425 Fax: 314-785-6426 The purpose of this program
More informationIVAO International Virtual Aviation Organization Training department
1 Introduction IVAO International Virtual Aviation Organization Training department TRAFFIC PATTERN DESCRIPTION An aerodrome traffic pattern is used by VFR traffic for training purpose or to prepare the
More informationSULAYMANIYAH INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT MATS
KURDISTAN REGIONAL GOVERNMENT SULAYMANIYAH INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT MATS APPENDIX " O " SPEED CONTROL GUIDANCE ( First Edition ) April 2012 Prepared By Fakhir.F. Mohammed Civil Aviation Consultant APPENDIX
More informationSafety Management System. Initial Revision Date: Version Revision No. 02 GENERAL SAFETY HEALTH PROVISION
Revision Preparation: Safety Mgr Authority: President Issuing Dept: Safety Page: Page 1 of 5 Purpose This program is written to be in compliance with local regulatory requirements and provide directives
More informationDRIVER FATIGUE MANAGEMENT PLAN
DRIVER FATIGUE MANAGEMENT PLAN Basic principles to include in a driver fatigue management plan A number of basic principles apply when developing a Driver Fatigue Management Plan. The following are detailed
More informationRisk Assessment Advice for Ice Skating
Risk Assessment Advice for Ice Skating Coaches A Project Endorsed Through NISA Undertaken by the University of Lincoln Natalie Ward and Alexandra Lilley 1 Contents Why Complete Risk Assessments 3 Current
More informationFLIGHT CREW TRAINING NOTICE
SAFETY REGULATION GROUP FLIGHT CREW TRAINING NOTICE 06/2009 Applicability: RETRE, TRIE, TRE, SFE, TRI, SFI Effective: Immediate AIRBORNE COLLISION AVOIDANCE SYSTEM (ACAS) TRAINING 1 The purpose of this
More informationPlease silence your devices. However, please open your internet browser and log onto:
Please silence your devices. However, please open your internet browser and log onto: www.pollev.com/vortex Question: Ice breaker question; Would you rather be somewhere else right now? www.pollev.com/vortex
More informationSafety Management in Multidisciplinary Systems. SSRM symposium TA University, 26 October 2011 By Boris Zaets AGENDA
Safety Management in Multidisciplinary Systems SSRM symposium TA University, 26 October 2011 By Boris Zaets 2008, All rights reserved. No part of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any
More informationA GUIDE TO WRITING A RISK ASSESSMENT FOR A BMAA EVENT
A GUIDE TO WRITING A RISK ASSESSMENT FOR A BMAA EVENT BMAA 2017 Writing an event Risk Assessment BMAA Guidance What is an event Risk Assessment? An event Risk Assessment (RA) is a document that shows that
More informationSystems Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA)
Systems Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA) Systems approach to safety engineering (STAMP) STAMP Model (Leveson, 2012) Accidents are more than a chain of events, they involve complex dynamic processes. Treat
More informationinnova-ve entrepreneurial global 1
www.utm.my innova-ve entrepreneurial global Safety Integrity Level (SIL) is defined as: Relative level of risk-reduction provided by a safety function to specify a target level of risk reduction. SIL is
More informationBMAA TECHNICAL INFORMATION LEAFLET (TIL) TIL 063 ISSUE 2 BALLISITIC PARACHUTE RECOVERY SYSTEMS
BMAA TECHNICAL INFORMATION LEAFLET (TIL) TIL 063 ISSUE 2 BALLISITIC PARACHUTE RECOVERY SYSTEMS Contents 1. Introduction... 2 1.1. Important safety warnings... 2 2. Airframe and BPRS markings... 3 2.1.
More information-JHA- Job. For Science and Engineering. Hazard Assessment
-JHA- For Science and Engineering Job Hazard Assessment Is a Job Hazard Assessment Necessary? The Occupational Safety and Health Administration regulations confirm a JHA is needed. OSHA 1910.132(d)(2)
More informationSIL explained. Understanding the use of valve actuators in SIL rated safety instrumented systems ACTUATION
SIL explained Understanding the use of valve actuators in SIL rated safety instrumented systems The requirement for Safety Integrity Level (SIL) equipment can be complicated and confusing. In this document,
More informationGuidance Notes PRIVATE AND COMMERCIAL PILOT TRAINING
PRIVATE AND COMMERCIAL PILOT TRAINING September 2005 1 st Edition ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Transport Canada thanks the Federal Aviation Administration of the United States for their permission to use the chapter
More informationSafety in Precast Erection
Safety in Precast Erection C. Kirubakaran R Star Consultants Pte Ltd, Singapore Abstract: Construction industry is known to be one of the most hazardous among different industries all over the world. The
More informationA study on the relation between safety analysis process and system engineering process of train control system
A study on the relation between safety analysis process and system engineering process of train control system Abstract - In this paper, the relationship between system engineering lifecycle and safety
More informationVisualized Flight Maneuvers Handbook
Visualized Flight Maneuvers Handbook For High Wing Aircraft Third Edition For Instructors and Students Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. Newcastle, Washington Visualized Flight Maneuvers Handbook for
More information