A Prediction of Reliability of Suction Valve in Reciprocating Compressor
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1 Purdue Unversty Purdue e-pubs nternatonal Compressor Engneerng Conference School of Mechancal Engneerng 1996 A Predcton of Relablty of Sucton Valve n Recprocatng Compressor W. H. You Samsung Electroncs Co. Ltd. D. Y. Kwon Samsung Electroncs Co. Ltd. S. K. Ko Samsung Electroncs Co. Ltd. Follow ths and addtonal works at: You, W. H.; Kwon, D. Y.; and Ko, S. K., "A Predcton of Relablty of Sucton Valve n Recprocatng Compressor" (1996). nternatonal Compressor Engneerng Conference. Paper Ths document has been made avalable through Purdue e-pubs, a servce of the Purdue Unversty Lbrares. Please contact epubs@purdue.edu for addtonal nformaton. Complete proceedngs may be acqured n prnt and on CD-ROM drectly from the Ray W. Herrck Laboratores at Herrck/Events/orderlt.html
2 ABSTRACT A PREDCTON OF RELABLTY OF SUCTON VALVE N RECPROCATNG COMPRESSOR W. H. You, D. Y. Kwon, S. K. Ko Refrgerator Desgn, Home Applances Busness Samsung Electroncs, Suwon, Korea A sucton valve s a very mportant element n recprocatng compressor. And because of the shape of the reed valve ts relablty s taken up a subject for dscusson and sometmes t s man source of bad product. Because the relablty of the sucton valve s drectly related to the stress acted on t, the stress and relablty analyss should be carred out n desgn stage. n ths study, the maxmum stress and the maxmum mpact value acted on the sucton valve of recprocatng compressor were analyzed by usng the commercal nonlnear dynamc structural analyss program LS DYNAJD. The stress acted on the sucton valve was measured by the experment of bolted-case test usng the stran gage. n order to nvestgate more accurately the moton of the valve n ar, the dsplacement of the valve was measured by the laser sensor and the stress of the valve was measured by the stran gage n open-shell state. These were used n makng relatons between the dsplacement and the stress. The dsplacement-stress relatonshp was used n measurng the dsplacement of the valve n real cycle. And the maxmum mpact value was analyzed by experment. The maxmum stress analyzed by FEM was compared wth the allowable stress of the materal of the valve. The maxmum mpact value analyzed by FEM and the experment was compared wth the allowable mpact value of the materal of the valve. NTRODUCTON Recently, wth the Ozone Depleton Potental the compressor usng non-cfc refrgerant s developed actvely. And wth the Global Warmng Potental the tral for decreasng consumpton of energy s expanded to the drecton of reducng energy nput and to the drecton of ncreasng EER of the compressor. These stuatons act as factors whch gve bad effect on dynamcs, nose and vbraton of the compressor. Moreover, the Valve should be desgned optmally n respect of hgh effenc~ low nose and vbraton level. Say aga~ the adopton of non-cfc and the tral to ncrease effency lead to more flexble valve. 383
3 t s very dffcult to predct the dsplacement and stress of the valve n desgn stage. There s many research work about predcton of P-V dagram consderng the characterstcs of valve, the results become more accurate to expermetal results. But n most case the valve s modelled as 1-DOF mass-sprng-damper syste~ t s not able to predct the stress acted on the valve based on ths 1-DOF model. n ths study the sucton valve s modelled as 1-DOF system n order to predct P-V dagram. n order that the maxmum dsplacement of the sucton valve predcted from 1-DOF model s equal to the maxmum dsplacement of the center of the valve port zone obtaned from LS DYNA3D analyss, teratve smulaton s carred out. And the maxmum stress and dsplacement of the sucton valve s obtaned from LS DYNA3D smulaton and compared wth the results from experment. STRESS ANALYSS OF VALVE The stress acted on the sucton valve of the recprocatng compressor s classfed as Fg. 1. n case of Fg. 1(a) the bendng stress acts on the valve by the pressure dfference when the pston moves from TDC poston to BDC poston(state 1), Fg. 1(b) explans that the mpact stress occures when the valve slaps the valve port n the pston poston near the BDC zone(state 2). Fg. 1(c) shows that the bendng stress acts on the sucton valve when the hgh pressure acts on the sucton valve n the pston poston near the TDC zone before the dscharge valve s opened(state 3). To fnd whch s most dangerous among these states s very mportant and the relablty of sucton valve s verfed by ths procedure. n modellng the recprocatng compressor mathematcally, generally the sucton and dscharge valve are assumed as 1-DOF mass-sprng-damper system lke Fg. 2. n ths case to fnd the stress acted on the valve s mpossble, t s possble only n the case of assumng the valve as a contnuous syste~ f the dsplacement of valve be predcte~ n spte of assumng the valve as 1-DOF syste~ the stress on the valve can be found by teratve control of the external force n order that the equvalent dsplacement by the commercal analyss package s equal to the dsplacement of 1-DOF syste~ n ths study, the dsplacement of the sucton valve was predcted by the pred'cton program of performance self-developed usng specal mathematcal model. n ths mathematcal model the sucton valve and dscharge valve were ~ssumed as 1-DOF syste~ the maxmum dsplacement of sucton valve was 3.06mm as a result of smulato~ On the base of ths result the numercal analyss was performed teratvely n order that the maxmum dsplacement of valve n center of port zone by usng the LS DYNA3D was equal to the maxmum dsplacement of 1-DOF systedl Fg.3 shows the pressure of cylnder whch was used n LS DYNA3D analyss. ths 384
4 pressure of cylnder was obtaned from the expermet of Bolted-Case. Fg. 4 shows the stress dstrbuton on the sucton valve n each state by LS DYNA3D analyss, table 4 represents the maxmum stress and poston n each state. EXPERMENT n order to prove the accuracy of the result predcted by the numercal analyss, the experment was performed as follows. Fg. 5 shows the expermental scheme. n order to measure the stress acted on the the sucton valve, the stran gage was attached to the valve surface. The stran gage sgnal 'and laser sensor sgnal were measured smultaneously n ar lke Fg. 6, the stran gage sgnal was calbrated by the laser sensor sgnal. The calbraton data was used as reference data n measurng the dsplacement of the valve n real cycle. Because t s mpossble to measure the dsplacement of the valve usng the laser sensor n real cycle, the stran gage sgnal measured n bolted-case s converted to the dsplacement sgnal by usng the calbraton date. t s mpossble to fnd the dsplacement of the valve n all poston usng only the dsplacement sgnal converted from the stran gage sgnal. n ths study the dsplacement and velocty of the valve was obtaned n any poston by assumng that the valve moton obeys the 1st mode obtaned from LS DYNA3D. Fg. 7 shows the dsplacement of valve n center of port zone whch was obtaned by convertng the stran gage sgnal to the dsplacement sgnal. Fg. 8 shows the velocty of valve n center of port zone. RESULTS (1) The maxmum stress(bendng stress) ---STATE 1 Table 2 shows the maxmum stress by FEM and the maxmum dsplacement by FEM and experment n STATE 1 by assumng that the valve moton obeys the 1st mode obtaned from LS DYNA3D. The table shows that the results of FEM are smlar to the results of experment. The maxmum bendng stress n STATE 1 s lower than the allowable stress of SUS(7C27Mon n case of the reversed bendng stress, so the valve s relable. (2) The maxmum mpact value --- STATE 2 The allowable mpact value of SUS(7C27Mo2) s 1.64 at number of load cycles 10 7 Table 3 shows the maxmum mpact value at STATE 2. t shows that the result by FEM and by experment are lower than the allowable mpact value, so the valve are relable. 385
5 (3) The maxmum stress(bendng stress) ---STATE 3 The maxmum stress n STATE 3 s 330MPa n center of port zone as shown n Fg. 3(c). The maxmum bendng stress n STATE 3 s lower than the allowable stress of SUS (7C27Mo2) n case of the reversed bendng stress, so the valve s relable. CONCLUSON The concluson of ths study s as follows: (1) The numercal analyss and experment are smlar to each other, the relablty of the valve can be verfed n desgn stage when usng the method suggested n ths study. (2) The valve treated n ths study s relable, because the bendng stress s lower than the allowable stress and the mpact value s lower than the allowable mpact value. REFERENCE (1) W. Soedel, nesgn and Mechancs of Compressor Valves, Purdue Unv., (2) S. Tmoshenco, strength of Materals :Part 11, Van Nostrand Renhold Co (3) J. Park, J. Seo, H. Kang and J. Do, Predcton of the Valve Stresses of Rotary Compressor Usng Fnte Element Method, nternatonal Compressor Engneerng Conference at Purdue, pp , (4) SANDVK Catalog, Strp STeel for Compressor Valves, ~ (a) State 1 l' ' o{\/::-."':':'. :: : :;-''-::_-o: :,:;-:,:;:: j P33 (b) State 2 (c) State 3 Fg. 1. Stress State of the Valve Fg. 2. Smplfed Model of the Valve 386
6 l,...l: ' -.e ll' Calore Meter \! "" ~J.J ~-; ~:. Dynamc Stran Amplfer Dynamc Sgnal Analyzer ~lr't:(m.s) PC Fg. 3. M,~asut cd Pressure n Cylnder Fg. 5_ Schematcs of Expermental Setup (a) State 1 (b) State 2 (c) State 3 Fg. 4. Stress Dstrbuton n Valve 387
7 Laser Sensor ~~ t==~~~ej Stran Gage Fg. 6. Expermental Setup (n Ar) \ \ l ' (, J \! j lr---" [, '! ~ 0 O.C , o 035 a o~ lme( sec) Fg. 7. Measured Dsplacement of Valve by Stran Gage (Center of Valve Port Zone) l l Table 1. ~blxmum Stress at Each State by FEM State State 1 State 2 State 3 O"r.u (MPa) Edge Center of Center of [poston l of Neck Port Zone Port Zone (Ref.) Allowable Stress of STJS (7C27Mo2) : 790MPa Table 2. Maxmum Dssplacement 5mx (rom) and Stress at State 1 Poston A B FEM Experment cr""" (MPa) FEM c v- ~ ~\ 1 ~' jl -1 o.oos om o.015 o.o2 o.oz5 om o.03s o.o4 tme( sec) Fg. 8. Measured Velocty of Valve by Stran Gage (Center of Valve Port Zone). j Table 3. Maxmum mpact Value at State 2 (Center of Port Zone) FEM Experment mpact Value Allowable mpact Value of SUS (7C27Mo2)
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